Unit 3 Make it happen 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材外研版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与社会——发明”话题，通过基础与拔高分层设计，系统训练语法填空核心考点，提升语言应用能力与逻辑思维。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|5篇短文|侧重动词时态、代词、介词等基础语法|从简单发明案例切入，构建“语法规则-语境应用”逻辑链| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|5篇短文|涉及非谓语动词、从句引导词等复杂语法|通过经典发明故事深化语法综合运用，培养分析解决问题能力|

Unit 3 Make it happen 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——发明） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Easton LaChappelle was a 14-year-old student 1 he built a robotic arm out of plastic blocks and fishing line. He showed his work at a science 2 (fair). There he met Jenny, a girl 3 was born without an arm. Her artificial arm 4 (cost) $80,000, but it was just a simple hook. Easton was shocked 5 the high cost. He decided to lend a helping 6 to people like Jenny. He kept working on his invention and finally 7 (success) at age 23. His design weighed only 0.5 kilograms and 8 (cost) around $500. He didn't want to make money from it. 9 , he posted his design online for free. People could download it and make the arm with 10 own 3-D printers. His invention truly became a helping hand for many people. 【答案】 1．when 2．fair 3．who 4．cost 5．at 6．hand 7．succeeded 8．cost 9．Instead 10．their 【导语】本文讲述少年Easton在科技展结识天生缺少手臂的Jenny，得知昂贵假肢功能简陋后，潜心研发低成本机械义肢，并免费公开设计方案，帮助同类人群的故事。 【详解】 1．句意：当Easton LaChappelle 制作出由塑料积木和鱼线搭建的机械手臂时，他还是一名14岁的学生。空格前后都是完整句子，需要连词连接，后文交代事件发生的时间，表达“当……的时候”，用when引导时间状语从句。 2．句意：他在一场科学展览上展示了自己的作品。括号内给出单词fair，搭配science fair表示“科技展览会”，此处直接使用名词原形fair。 3．句意：在那里他遇见了Jenny，一个天生缺少一条手臂的女孩。空格引导定语从句，先行词是a girl，指代人，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此填who。 4．句意：她的假肢花费8万美元，但仅仅只是一个简易挂钩。全文主体时态为一般过去时，cost的过去式依然为cost。 5．句意：Easton对高昂的价格感到震惊。短语be shocked at意为 “对……感到震惊”，因此填入介词 at。 6．句意：他决定向像Jenny一样的人伸出援手。该处需一个名词，构成固定短语；语境表达他想要帮助这类有需要的人，搭配lend a helping hand意为“伸出援手”。 7．句意：他持续钻研自己的发明，最终在23岁时取得了成功。 该处需一个动词的过去式，和前文的kept并列作谓语；and连接并列的谓语动作，时态要和一般过去时的语境保持一致，括号所给词success是名词，需要先变形为动词succeed，再变为过去式succeeded。 8．句意：他的设计仅重0.5公斤，造价约为500美元。and并列两个谓语动词，weighed是过去式，cost需要使用过去式cost。 9．句意：他不想靠这个赚钱，相反，他把自己的设计免费发布到了网上。 该处需一个副词，放在句首作状语衔接前后两个句子；前文提到他不想靠发明牟利，后文说他免费公开设计，前后是反向对照的逻辑，副词Instead意为“相反、取而代之的是”，符合此处逻辑关系，句首首字母大写。 10．句意：人们可以下载这个设计，用他们自己的3D打印机制作机械臂。 own前面需要形容词性物主代词修饰，主语是People，对应的物主代词为their，their own表示“他们自己的”。 Passage 2 Easton is a teenage student. At a science fair, he saw Jenny, a girl 1 an artificial arm. Her arm was very expensive and heavy. What’s 2 (bad), it cost lots of money. Easton decided 3 (make) a cheaper and lighter one for kids. He enjoyed 4 (fix) small problems day after day. He kept improving his model again and again. It took him years 5 (finish) his final design. His robotic arm was light enough 6 children to use. Later, he chose to post his design online 7 free. People can download it and build arms with 3-D printers. Many people 8 (blow) away by his creative idea. Easton tells us that we should keep 9 (try). It is possible 10 (make) our good ideas happen as long as we never give up. 【答案】 1．with 2．worse 3．to make 4．fixing 5．to finish 6．for 7．for 8．were blown 9．trying 10．to make 【导语】本文通过讲述少年Easton在科学展览会上看到装有昂贵沉重人造手臂的女孩Jenny后，决心为她及其他孩子设计更便宜、更轻便的机械臂，并经过多年努力最终成功免费发布设计的故事，强调了坚持尝试、永不放弃就能实现好想法的道理。 【详解】 1．句意：在一场科学展览会上，他看到了Jenny，一个带着人造手臂的女孩。根据“a girl...an artificial arm”可知，此处表示“带有”，应用介词with，构成介词短语作后置定语。 2．句意：更糟糕的是，它花了很多钱。根据“What’s”及提示词”bad“可知，此处考查固定搭配what’s worse，意为“更糟糕的是”，应用bad的比较级worse。 3．句意：Easton决定为孩子们做一个更便宜、更轻便的手臂。根据“decided”可知，decide to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，应用动词不定式to make。 4．句意：他喜欢日复一日地解决小问题。根据“enjoyed”可知，enjoy doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”，应用fix的动名词形式fixing。 5．句意：完成他的最终设计花了他数年时间。根据“It took him years”可知，It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，应用动词不定式to finish。 6．句意：他的机械臂足够轻便，供孩子们使用。根据“light enough...children to use”可知，此处考查“形容词+enough for sb. to do”结构，表示“对某人来说足够……去做某事”，应用介词for。 7．句意：后来，他选择免费把他的设计发布到网上。根据“free”可知，for free为固定搭配，意为“免费”。 8．句意：许多人被他富有创意的想法所震撼。根据“by his creative idea”可知，主语Many people与blow之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；结合上下文，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是 Many people，be动词用were，blow的过去分词为blown。 9．句意：Easton告诉我们应该不断尝试。根据“keep”可知，keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“持续做某事”，应用try的动名词形式trying。 10．句意：只要我们永不放弃，让我们的好想法变成现实是可能的。根据“It is possible”可知，It is possible to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事是可能的”，应用动词不定式to make。 Passage 3 Everyone has a dream. So does Wang Dazhi, a student from Daxing Primary School. He wants 1 (be) an inventor when he grows up. To make his dream come true, he spends a lot of time 2 (study) maths and reading books on science. He is hard-working. Whenever he comes up with an idea, he will try his best to try it out. So far Wang Dazhi has invented three little things. One is a smart toy, one is a grass-cutting robot, and another one is a smart radio. The most successful and useful one is 3 grass-cutting robot. “I invented this little robot 4 (help) my father. He works as a gardener in a city park. Every month he has to cut lawns. It usually takes him three days to finish 5 (cut) the grass in one garden. And it is tiring. Now this little robot can help him 6 (do) the job. It’s faster and saves a lot of time,” Wang Dazhi said. Of course, not everything 7 (go) smoothly. He met countless difficulties along the way. Sometimes, he wanted to give 8 , too. However, his father encouraged him 9 (work) hard and go for his dream. As an inventor, creativity 10 imagination are necessary. Although nobody was born with these qualities, they can be creative and imaginative by reading more and exploring more. 【答案】 1．to be 2．studying 3．the 4．to help 5．cutting 6．do/to do 7．goes 8．up 9．to work 10．and 【导语】本文讲述了大兴小学学生王大志立志成为发明家，并通过努力学习数学、阅读科学书籍以及动手实践，成功发明了割草机器人等小发明的故事，强调了坚持、创造力与想象力的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：他长大后想成为一名发明家。want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填不定式to be。 2．句意：为了实现梦想，他花很多时间学习数学和阅读科学书籍。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花时间做某事”，故填studying。 3．句意：最成功、最有用的是那台割草机器人。此处特指前文提到的“grass-cutting robot”，需用定冠词the表示特指。 4．句意：我发明这个小机器人是为了帮助我父亲。此处表示目的，“为了帮助”，应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。 5．句意：他通常要花三天时间割完一个花园的草。finish doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“完成做某事”，故填cutting。 6．句意：现在这个小机器人可以帮他完成这项工作。help sb. (to) do sth.为固定搭配，意为“帮助某人做某事”，to可省略，故填do/to do。 7．句意：当然，并非一切都很顺利。主语“everything”为不定代词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填goes。 8．句意：有时，他也想放弃。give up为固定短语，意为“放弃”，符合语境，故填up。 9．句意：然而，他的父亲鼓励他努力工作，去追求梦想。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to work。 10．句意：作为一名发明家，创造力和想象力是必要的。此处连接两个并列的名词“creativity”和“imagination”，需用连词and表示“和”。 Passage 4 Instant noodles (方便面) are among all the most convenient 1 (food) you can buy, but a Japanese company has found a way to make them even 2 (easy) to eat. The noodle company recently launched Boost Noodle, 3 kind of pork-flavoured (猪肉口味的) instant noodle. These noodles come in a small, convenient plastic bag. And people can eat them with one hand by 4 (simple) sucking out the noodles inside. According 5 the company, the idea for Boost Noodle came from a young employee (员工) who loved 6 (play) video games for long periods of time. “For those wanting 7 (eat) and play at the same time,” the employee said, “they need a snack that won’t stop them.” It 8 (sound) like an easy task for a noodle company, but bringing the product to the market reportedly took two years. Boost Noodle can 9 (enjoy) by anyone looking for a snack that can be eaten with one hand. Boost Noodle can be kept at room temperature for up to 90 10 (day). The product has been available since the end of July, with a price of $4.15, but it only became popular online recently. 【答案】 1．foods 2．easier 3．a 4．simply 5．to 6．playing 7．to eat 8．sounds 9．be enjoyed 10．days 【导语】本文主要讲述了一家日本公司推出的更方便食用的“Boost Noodle”方便面，包括其特点、创意来源、上市情况等。 【详解】 1．句意：方便面是你能买到的所有最方便的食物之一。“all the most convenient”修饰复数名词，所以food要变为复数形式foods。 2．句意：但一家日本公司找到了一种方法，让它们吃起来甚至更方便。此句是把普通方便面和这家日本公司新推出的方便面作比较，说新的吃起来“更方便”，even也常用来修饰比较级，所以此处应用easy的比较级easier。 3．句意：这家面条公司最近推出了“Boost Noodle”，一种猪肉口味的方便面。这里表示“一种猪肉口味的方便面”，a kind of意为“一种”，所以此处用不定冠词a。 4．句意：人们只需用一只手轻轻吸出里面的面条，就可以吃了。此处修饰动词sucking应用副词，simple的副词形式是simply，表示“仅仅，只需要”。 5．句意：根据该公司的说法，“Boost Noodle”的创意来自一位年轻员工，他喜欢长时间玩电子游戏。according to是固定短语，意思是“根据”，所以此处填介词to。 6．句意：“Boost Noodle”的创意来自一位年轻员工，他喜欢长时间玩电子游戏。love doing sth.表示“喜欢做某事”，强调长期性、习惯性的喜欢，所以此处填play的动名词形式playing。 7．句意：对于那些想同时吃饭和玩的人来说，他们需要一种不会妨碍他们的零食。want to do sth.是固定搭配，意思是“想要做某事”，所以此处填动词不定式to eat。 8．句意：这对一家面条公司来说听起来是一项简单的任务。这里描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，所以sound要用单三形式sounds。 9．句意：“Boost Noodle”可供任何寻找能用一只手吃的零食的人享用。“Boost Noodle”和“enjoy”之间是被动关系，即“方便面被享用”，“can”是情态动词，被动语态结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”，enjoy的过去分词是enjoyed，所以填be enjoyed。 10．句意：“Boost Noodle”可以在室温下保存长达90天。数词90后跟名词复数，day的复数形式为days。 Passage 5 John’s grandpa is 97 years old. He was 1 astronaut when he was young. But now he is too old to walk. John’s parents want 2 (help) him, but they don’t have enough time. Luckily, John is good at 3 (study) robots and he knows robots well. John wants to make a robot to help his grandpa. John 4 (say) that the robot will look like a bear. It will be able to pick things up and help his grandpa walk. It can tell his grandpa to take medicine. More importantly, if his grandpa has some problems, the robot   5 (call) and ask someone for help. Next month, John will start to design the robot. He thinks robots nowadays are much 6 (popular) than before. He says, “Early robots can only do simple jobs in 7 (factory). But now some robots can do 8 (danger) jobs such as fighting fires. And some robots will help take care 9 the old people soon. They are going to improve 10 (they) lives.” 【答案】 1．an 2．to help 3．studying 4．says 5．will call 6．more popular 7．factories 8．dangerous 9．of 10．their 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述约翰为行动不便的爷爷打算设计一款护理机器人，并谈及机器人的发展与用途。 【详解】 1．句意：他年轻的时候是一名宇航员。astronaut是可数名词单数，元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，表示“一名宇航员”。 2．句意：约翰的父母想要帮助他，却没有足够时间。固定搭配want to do sth意为“想要做某事”，不定式作宾语，应填to help。 3．句意：幸运的是，约翰擅长研究机器人，对机器人十分了解。固定短语be good at doing sth意为“擅长做某事”；at是介词，后面接动名词studying。 4．句意：约翰说这个机器人外形会像一只熊。主语John是第三人称单数，全文主体一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式says。 5．句意：更重要的是，如果爷爷遇到麻烦，机器人就会呼叫，向别人求助。if引导条件状语从句：主将从现；从句一般现在时has，主句用一般将来时will call。 6．句意：他认为如今机器人比过去更加受欢迎。比较标记than；popular是多音节形容词，比较级是more popular。 7．句意：他说：“早期机器人只能在工厂做简单工作”。此处泛指各类工厂，用复数factories。 8．句意：但是现在一些机器人可以做危险工作，例如灭火。修饰名词jobs，需要形容词dangerous，意为“危险的”。 9．句意：很快有些机器人还会帮忙照顾老人。固定短语take care of ，意为“照顾”，故填of。 10．句意：它们将会改善人们的生活。修饰名词lives，用形容词性物主代词their，意为“他们的”。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 The elevator is one of the most 1 (use) inventions in modern cities. People wanted 2 (move) up and down easily in tall buildings. 3 the invention of the elevator, people had to walk up many flights of stairs. This was very tiring. The inventor, Elisha Otis, was curious about 4 (create) a safer lifting machine. He spent years 5 (work) on his design. Finally, he invented the safety elevator, which was able 6 (stop) automatically if the rope broke. He made his first elevator 7 of wood and metal. 8 it senses a problem, it starts 9 (brake) safely. Otis’s invention changed the way cities 10 (build) and made skyscrapers possible. 【答案】 1．useful 2．to move 3．Before 4．creating 5．working 6．to stop 7．out 8．Once 9．braking 10．were built 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了电梯的发明过程及其对现代城市建设的重要影响，介绍了发明者伊莱沙·奥蒂斯如何创造出安全电梯并改变了城市建筑方式。 【详解】 1．句意：电梯是现代城市中最有用的发明之一。此处构成“one of the+最高级+可数名词复数”结构，“use”需变为形容词useful。 2．句意：人们想在高层建筑中轻松地上下移动。“want to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，“move”需用不定式形式to move。 3．句意：在电梯发明之前，人们不得不走很多层楼梯。上下文逻辑表明电梯发明前后对比，此处缺少时间状语连词，表示“在……之前”，应填Before，位于句首时首字母大写。 4．句意：发明者伊莱沙·奥蒂斯对创造更安全的升降机感到好奇。“be curious about”为固定搭配，介词“about”后接动名词作宾语，“create”需用creating。 5．句意：他花费数年时间研究他的设计。“spend time doing sth.”为固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，“work”需用动名词working。 6．句意：最终，他发明了安全电梯，如果绳索断裂，它能够自动停止。“be able to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“能够做某事”，“stop”需用不定式to stop。 7．句意：他用木头和金属制造了他的第一部电梯。make...out of...为固定搭配，表示“用……制造……”，此处为主动语态，已有谓语made，空白处填介词out构成短语made out of。 8．句意：一旦电梯感应到问题，它就会安全地开始刹车。空白处引导条件状语从句，强调“感应到问题”这一条件一旦触发，便立即启动刹车机制，需填Once，位于句首时首字母大写。 9．句意：一旦电梯感应到问题，它就会安全地开始刹车。“start doing sth.”为固定搭配，表示“开始做某事”，“brake”需用动名词braking。 10．句意：奥蒂斯的发明改变了城市的建造方式，并使摩天大楼成为可能。主语“cities”与谓语“build”之间存在被动关系，且描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，“build”需用were built。 Passage 2 Modern inventions 1 (make) our lives easier. For example, the smartphone 2 (allow) us to communicate with anyone at any time. But 3 (invent) these devices, inventors often face failures. They need 4 (have) patience and a strong will. Some people believe that curiosity is 5 (important) than talent. They say that 6 (curious) drives people to explore. Many inventors spend years 7 (work) on a single problem. They enjoy 8 (solve) puzzles. Without their hard work, we 9 (not have) many things we use today. So, we should respect inventors and their 10 (contribution) to society. 【答案】 1．have made 2．allows 3．to invent 4．to have 5．more important 6．curiosity 7．working 8．solving 9．would not have 10．contributions 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现代发明给我们的生活带来的便利，以及发明家必备的品质，倡导尊重发明家及其社会贡献。 【详解】 1．句意：现代发明已经让我们的生活变得更加便捷。make意为“让；使”，是动词，根据下文的介绍可知，此处强调过去发生的动作，对现在的影响，句子用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语inventions“发明”是复数，助动词用have，make的过去分词是made。 2．句意：例如，智能手机让我们可以随时和任何人交流。allow sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，allow是动词，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语the smartphone是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式allows。 3．句意：但是为了发明这些设备，发明家常常要面对失败。invent意为“发明”，是动词，此处表目的“为了……”，用不定式to invent作目的状语。 4．句意：他们需要拥有耐心和坚强的意志。have意为“有；拥有”，是动词，need to do sth.是固定短语，意为“需要做某事”，，因此，此处用动词不定式to have。 5．句意：一些人认为好奇心比天赋更重要。important意为“重要的”，是形容词，句中有than“比”，此处要用形容词比较级，important的比较级是more important。 6．句意：他们说好奇心驱使人们去探索。curious是形容词，意为“好奇的”，空缺处作从句的主语，需要用名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity，意为“好奇心”。 7．句意：许多发明家花费数年时间致力于同一个难题。work on是固定短语，意为“致力于”，work是动词，spend time (in) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，因此，此处用动名词working。 8．句意：他们享受解决难题的过程。solve意为“解决”，是动词，enjoy doing sth.是固定短语，意为“喜欢/享受做某事”，因此，此处用solve的动名词形式solving。 9．句意：没有他们的辛勤付出，我们就不会拥有如今许多正在使用的物品。not have意为“没有”，have是动词，without“没有”引导含蓄虚拟语气，表达与现在事实相反的假设，结构为would (not) + 动词原形，应填would not have。 10．句意：所以，我们应当尊重发明家以及他们对社会做出的贡献。contribution是可数名词，意为“贡献”。their“他们的”后面接可数名词复数，contribution的复数形式是contributions。 Passage 3 In the past ten years, great progress has been made in technology. It seems like everything has been reinvented (改造) and greatly improved. However, here is one thing unlike them. It was invented over 100 years ago 1 remained unchanged until now. I’m talking about the blind walking stick. The white stick has been used by many blind people for 2 long time. However, it has seen no real improvement until a blind engineer named Kursat decided to make a 3 (different). He invented a smart stick called WeWalk. He hoped his 4 (invent) would help the blind. The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensors (传感器) 5 (warn) about possible dangers. It helps blind people in navigating (导航) around their environment using modern technology, which makes their travel much 6 (easy). The price of the stick is around 800 dollars. Most people can afford it. This invention is going to change life a lot for the blind. Kursat understands the difficulties and challenges that the blind face well. That’s because he is blind 7 (he). He decided to put his technical knowledge into inventing something that would not only change his life, but also the life of many others. “These days, we are talking about flying cars. But the blind have been using just a simple stick. 8 a blind person, when I am at the metro station, I 9 (know) which is my exit, which bus is coming or which stores are around me. Now, that kind of information can be provided by the WeWalk,” he said. “I believe the life of the blind 10 (be) much easier and safer.” 【答案】 1．but 2．a 3．difference 4．invention 5．to warn 6．easier 7．himself 8．As 9．don’t know 10．will be 【导语】本文介绍了盲人工程师Kursat发明智能手杖WeWalk的故事，该发明利用现代技术帮助盲人导航，改变了传统盲杖百年未变的历史。 【详解】 1．句意：它发明于100多年前，但至今保持不变。前句说“发明于100多年前”，后句说“至今保持不变”，前后为转折关系，需用转折连词“but”。 2．句意：白色手杖已经被许多盲人使用了很长时间。“for a long time”是固定短语，意为“很长时间”，需用不定冠词“a”。 3．句意：然而，直到一位名叫库尔萨特的盲人工程师决定做出改变，它才真正得到改进。“make a difference”是固定短语，意为“有影响，起作用”，需用名词“difference”。 4．句意：他希望他的发明能帮助盲人。形容词性物主代词“his”后需接名词。“invent”的名词形式为“invention”，意为“发明”。 5．句意：智能手杖使用内置扬声器和不同传感器来警告可能的危险。此处用动词不定式“to warn”作目的状语，表示“为了警告”。 6．句意：它利用现代技术帮助盲人在周围环境中导航，这使他们的出行容易得多。“much”修饰比较级，“easy”的比较级为“easier”。 7．句意：那是因为他自己也是盲人。此处强调主语he本人，应用反身代词。he的反身代词为himself。 8．句意：作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口，哪路公交车来了，或者周围有哪些商店。表示“作为”，需用介词“As”，句首首字母大写。 9．句意：作为一个盲人，当我在地铁站时，我不知道哪个是我的出口，哪路公交车来了，或者周围有哪些商店。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，此处指“不知道哪个是出口”，主语“I”为第一人称单数，否定结构需用“don’t + 动词原形”。 10．句意：我相信盲人的生活将会更轻松、更安全。根据I believe及语境可知，这是对未来的预测和展望，应用一般将来时will be。 Passage 4 Do you know the story of the Wright brothers? They are famous for their great invention—the airplane. Orville and Wilbur Wright had a strong interest in flying from a very early age. They enjoyed 1 (watch) birds fly and always dreamed of 2 (soar) in the sky like them. The brothers started 3 (experiment) with flying machines in 1899. At first, they failed many times, but they never thought of 4 (give) up. They kept trying and learning from each mistake. Wilbur once said, “If you are looking 5 perfect results, you will never get anything done.” In 1903, the Wright brothers succeeded in 6 (make) the first powered flight. Their first flight only lasted 12 seconds, but it changed the world forever. They proved that humans could fly. The brothers continued 7 (improve) their design and made longer flights. The story of the Wright brothers teaches us an important lesson: never stop 8 (try). If you have a dream, work hard to achieve it. Remember, failure is not the opposite of success; it is part 9 success. So keep going, and you will be able to turn your dreams 10 reality. 【答案】 1．watching 2．soaring 3．to experiment/experimenting 4．giving 5．for 6．making 7．to improve/improving 8．trying 9．of 10．into 【导语】本文讲述莱特兄弟坚持钻研、实现人类动力飞行的故事，告诉我们不要放弃尝试，努力就能实现梦想。 【详解】 1．句意：他们喜欢观察鸟儿飞翔，总是梦想像鸟儿一样翱翔天空。固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，意为“喜欢做某事”，动词使用动名词形式。故填watching。 2．句意：他们喜欢观察鸟儿飞翔，总是梦想像鸟儿一样翱翔天空。介词of 后面需要接动名词作宾语。故填soaring。 3．句意：兄弟俩在1899年开始试验飞行器。固定搭配start to do sth./start doing sth.，两种形式都表示“开始做某事”。故填to experiment/experimenting。 4．句意：一开始，他们失败很多次，但是他们从没想过放弃。介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填giving。 5．句意：威尔伯曾经说：“如果你追求完美的结果，你将一事无成。”固定短语look for，表示“寻找；追求”，符合追求完美结果的语境。故填for。 6．句意：1903年，莱特兄弟成功完成首次动力飞行。固定搭配succeed in doing sth.，意为“成功做某事”。故填making。 7．句意：兄弟俩继续改进他们的设计，完成更长距离的飞行。固定搭配continue to do sth./continue doing sth.，均可表示“继续做某事”。故填to improve/improving。 8．句意：莱特兄弟的故事给我们重要启示：永远不要停止尝试。stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事”，贴合语境不要停下尝试。故填trying。 9．句意：记住，失败不是成功的对立面；它是成功的一部分。固定短语part of，表示“……的一部分”。故填of。 10．句意：所以坚持下去，你就能把梦想变为现实。固定短语turn...into reality，意为“把……变成现实”。故填into。 Passage 5 Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, is famous for his perseverance. He 1 (try) thousands of different materials 2 (find) the right one for the light bulb filament. Many people thought he was 3 (waste) his time. But Edison never 4 (give) up. When a reporter asked him how it felt 5 (fail) 1,000 times, Edison replied, “I didn’t fail 1,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1,000 steps.” His story teaches us a very important lesson: success often comes after many 6 (fail). The key is 7 (learn) from each attempt and keep 8 (move) forward. Edison’s attitude towards challenges and his strong will 9 (be) what made him successful. He believed that as long as you keep 10 (try), you will eventually find a way. 【答案】 1．tried 2．to find 3．wasting 4．gave 5．to fail 6．failures 7．to learn 8．moving 9．were 10．trying 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了爱迪生屡次失败仍坚持试验灯丝的故事，告诉我们成功源于从失败中学习的道理。 【详解】 1．句意：他尝试了上千种不同材料，来找到恰当的做灯丝的那种。try意为“尝试”，是动词，此处叙述的是过去的事情，动词用过去式，try的过去式为tried。 2．句意：他尝试了上千种不同材料，来找到恰当的做灯丝的那种。find意为“找到”，是动词，此处用动词不定式to find作目的状语。 3．句意：许多人认为他正在浪费时间。waste意为“浪费”，是动词，“was/were+动词的现在分词”构成过去进行时，waste的现在分词是wasting。 4．句意：但是爱迪生从来没有放弃。give up意为“放弃”，是固定短语，此处叙述的是过去的事情，动词要用过去式，give的过去式是gave。 5．句意：记者问他失败一千次是什么滋味，爱迪生回答说：“我没有失败1000次。灯泡是一项有1000步的发明。”fail意为“失败”，是动词，it是形式主语，此处用其不定式to fail，作真正主语。 6．句意：成功往往是在许多次失败之后到来的。fail意为“失败”，是动词，many后接可数名词复数，此处应将fail转换为名词failure，意为“失败的事”，其复数是failures。 7．句意：关键是从每一次尝试中吸取经验，并不断前进。learn from…意为“从……学习”，learn是动词，此处用其不定式形式to learn作表语。 8．句意：关键是从每一次尝试中吸取经验，并不断前进。move forward意为“前进”，move是动词；keep doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“坚持做某事”。 9．句意：爱迪生直面挑战的态度和强大的意志力让他取得成功。此处叙述的是过去的事情，主语attitude and will是复数，be动词用were。 10．句意：他相信只要你一直坚持尝试，最终一定会找到办法。try意为“尝试”，是动词；keep doing sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持做某事”，因此，此处用try的动名词形式trying。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——发明） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Easton LaChappelle was a 14-year-old student 1 he built a robotic arm out of plastic blocks and fishing line. He showed his work at a science 2 (fair). There he met Jenny, a girl 3 was born without an arm. Her artificial arm 4 (cost) $80,000, but it was just a simple hook. Easton was shocked 5 the high cost. He decided to lend a helping 6 to people like Jenny. He kept working on his invention and finally 7 (success) at age 23. His design weighed only 0.5 kilograms and 8 (cost) around $500. He didn't want to make money from it. 9 , he posted his design online for free. People could download it and make the arm with 10 own 3-D printers. His invention truly became a helping hand for many people. Passage 2 Easton is a teenage student. At a science fair, he saw Jenny, a girl 1 an artificial arm. Her arm was very expensive and heavy. What’s 2 (bad), it cost lots of money. Easton decided 3 (make) a cheaper and lighter one for kids. He enjoyed 4 (fix) small problems day after day. He kept improving his model again and again. It took him years 5 (finish) his final design. His robotic arm was light enough 6 children to use. Later, he chose to post his design online 7 free. People can download it and build arms with 3-D printers. Many people 8 (blow) away by his creative idea. Easton tells us that we should keep 9 (try). It is possible 10 (make) our good ideas happen as long as we never give up. Passage 3 Everyone has a dream. So does Wang Dazhi, a student from Daxing Primary School. He wants 1 (be) an inventor when he grows up. To make his dream come true, he spends a lot of time 2 (study) maths and reading books on science. He is hard-working. Whenever he comes up with an idea, he will try his best to try it out. So far Wang Dazhi has invented three little things. One is a smart toy, one is a grass-cutting robot, and another one is a smart radio. The most successful and useful one is 3 grass-cutting robot. “I invented this little robot 4 (help) my father. He works as a gardener in a city park. Every month he has to cut lawns. It usually takes him three days to finish 5 (cut) the grass in one garden. And it is tiring. Now this little robot can help him 6 (do) the job. It’s faster and saves a lot of time,” Wang Dazhi said. Of course, not everything 7 (go) smoothly. He met countless difficulties along the way. Sometimes, he wanted to give 8 , too. However, his father encouraged him 9 (work) hard and go for his dream. As an inventor, creativity 10 imagination are necessary. Although nobody was born with these qualities, they can be creative and imaginative by reading more and exploring more. Passage 4 Instant noodles (方便面) are among all the most convenient 1 (food) you can buy, but a Japanese company has found a way to make them even 2 (easy) to eat. The noodle company recently launched Boost Noodle, 3 kind of pork-flavoured (猪肉口味的) instant noodle. These noodles come in a small, convenient plastic bag. And people can eat them with one hand by 4 (simple) sucking out the noodles inside. According 5 the company, the idea for Boost Noodle came from a young employee (员工) who loved 6 (play) video games for long periods of time. “For those wanting 7 (eat) and play at the same time,” the employee said, “they need a snack that won’t stop them.” It 8 (sound) like an easy task for a noodle company, but bringing the product to the market reportedly took two years. Boost Noodle can 9 (enjoy) by anyone looking for a snack that can be eaten with one hand. Boost Noodle can be kept at room temperature for up to 90 10 (day). The product has been available since the end of July, with a price of $4.15, but it only became popular online recently. Passage 5 John’s grandpa is 97 years old. He was 1 astronaut when he was young. But now he is too old to walk. John’s parents want 2 (help) him, but they don’t have enough time. Luckily, John is good at 3 (study) robots and he knows robots well. John wants to make a robot to help his grandpa. John 4 (say) that the robot will look like a bear. It will be able to pick things up and help his grandpa walk. It can tell his grandpa to take medicine. More importantly, if his grandpa has some problems, the robot   5 (call) and ask someone for help. Next month, John will start to design the robot. He thinks robots nowadays are much 6 (popular) than before. He says, “Early robots can only do simple jobs in 7 (factory). But now some robots can do 8 (danger) jobs such as fighting fires. And some robots will help take care 9 the old people soon. They are going to improve 10 (they) lives.” 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 The elevator is one of the most 1 (use) inventions in modern cities. People wanted 2 (move) up and down easily in tall buildings. 3 the invention of the elevator, people had to walk up many flights of stairs. This was very tiring. The inventor, Elisha Otis, was curious about 4 (create) a safer lifting machine. He spent years 5 (work) on his design. Finally, he invented the safety elevator, which was able 6 (stop) automatically if the rope broke. He made his first elevator 7 of wood and metal. 8 it senses a problem, it starts 9 (brake) safely. Otis’s invention changed the way cities 10 (build) and made skyscrapers possible. Passage 2 Modern inventions 1 (make) our lives easier. For example, the smartphone 2 (allow) us to communicate with anyone at any time. But 3 (invent) these devices, inventors often face failures. They need 4 (have) patience and a strong will. Some people believe that curiosity is 5 (important) than talent. They say that 6 (curious) drives people to explore. Many inventors spend years 7 (work) on a single problem. They enjoy 8 (solve) puzzles. Without their hard work, we 9 (not have) many things we use today. So, we should respect inventors and their 10 (contribution) to society. Passage 3 In the past ten years, great progress has been made in technology. It seems like everything has been reinvented (改造) and greatly improved. However, here is one thing unlike them. It was invented over 100 years ago 1 remained unchanged until now. I’m talking about the blind walking stick. The white stick has been used by many blind people for 2 long time. However, it has seen no real improvement until a blind engineer named Kursat decided to make a 3 (different). He invented a smart stick called WeWalk. He hoped his 4 (invent) would help the blind. The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensors (传感器) 5 (warn) about possible dangers. It helps blind people in navigating (导航) around their environment using modern technology, which makes their travel much 6 (easy). The price of the stick is around 800 dollars. Most people can afford it. This invention is going to change life a lot for the blind. Kursat understands the difficulties and challenges that the blind face well. That’s because he is blind 7 (he). He decided to put his technical knowledge into inventing something that would not only change his life, but also the life of many others. “These days, we are talking about flying cars. But the blind have been using just a simple stick. 8 a blind person, when I am at the metro station, I 9 (know) which is my exit, which bus is coming or which stores are around me. Now, that kind of information can be provided by the WeWalk,” he said. “I believe the life of the blind 10 (be) much easier and safer.” Passage 4 Do you know the story of the Wright brothers? They are famous for their great invention—the airplane. Orville and Wilbur Wright had a strong interest in flying from a very early age. They enjoyed 1 (watch) birds fly and always dreamed of 2 (soar) in the sky like them. The brothers started 3 (experiment) with flying machines in 1899. At first, they failed many times, but they never thought of 4 (give) up. They kept trying and learning from each mistake. Wilbur once said, “If you are looking 5 perfect results, you will never get anything done.” In 1903, the Wright brothers succeeded in 6 (make) the first powered flight. Their first flight only lasted 12 seconds, but it changed the world forever. They proved that humans could fly. The brothers continued 7 (improve) their design and made longer flights. The story of the Wright brothers teaches us an important lesson: never stop 8 (try). If you have a dream, work hard to achieve it. Remember, failure is not the opposite of success; it is part 9 success. So keep going, and you will be able to turn your dreams 10 reality. Passage 5 Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors in history, is famous for his perseverance. He 1 (try) thousands of different materials 2 (find) the right one for the light bulb filament. Many people thought he was 3 (waste) his time. But Edison never 4 (give) up. When a reporter asked him how it felt 5 (fail) 1,000 times, Edison replied, “I didn’t fail 1,000 times. The light bulb was an invention with 1,000 steps.” His story teaches us a very important lesson: success often comes after many 6 (fail). The key is 7 (learn) from each attempt and keep 8 (move) forward. Edison’s attitude towards challenges and his strong will 9 (be) what made him successful. He believed that as long as you keep 10 (try), you will eventually find a way. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Make it happen 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与社会——发明） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1. when 2. fair 3. who 4. cost 5. at 6. hand 7. succeeded 8. cost 9. Instead 10. their Passage 2 1. with 2. worse 3. to make 4. fixing 5. to finish 6. for 7. for 8. were blown 9. trying 10. to make Passage 3 1. to be 2. studying 3. the 4. to help 5. cutting 6. do/to do 7. goes 8. up 9. to work 10. and Passage 4 1. foods 2. easier 3. a 4. simply 5. to 6. playing 7. to eat 8. sounds 9. be enjoyed 10. days Passage 5 1. an 2. to help 3. studying 4. says 5. will call 6. more popular 7. factories 8. dangerous 9. of 10. their 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1. useful 2. to move 3. Before 4. creating 5. working 6. to stop 7. out 8. Once 9. braking 10. were built Passage 2 1. have made 2. allows 3. to invent 4. to have 5. more important 6. curiosity 7. working 8. solving 9. would not have 10. contributions Passage 3 1. but 2. a 3. difference 4. invention 5. to warn 6. easier 7. himself 8. As 9. don’t know 10. will be Passage 4 1. watching 2. soaring 3. to experiment/experimenting 4. giving 5. for 6. making 7. to improve/improving 8. trying 9. of 10. into Passage 5 1. tried 2. to find 3. wasting 4. gave 5. to fail 6. failures 7. to learn 8. moving 9. were 10. trying 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $