Unit 4 课时3 Grammar：一般现在时被动语态（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习聚焦一般现在时被动语态，通过“基础-能力-拓展-思维”四层递进设计，实现从概念理解到语篇应用的知识巩固，适配新授课差异化教学，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|被动语态概念、基本结构|选择+句型转换题巩固“am/is/are+done”基础形式| |能力提升|句式变化、主动变被动|结合时态/主谓一致的转换题，强化否定/疑问句式应用| |拓展培优|复杂语境应用、被动语态辨析|含条件句/被动语态与主动语态对比的选择题，提升语境分析能力| |思维进阶|语篇综合应用|语法选择与语篇填空，融合民俗文化情境，培养语篇层面语法运用与思维能力|

Unit4 Folk customs 课时3 Grammar：一般现在时被动语态 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 概念 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，不是动作发出者。 - 主动：We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。（我们做打扫） - 被动：The classroom is cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫。（教室被打扫） 基本结构 I am + done 单数名词 /he/she/it is + done 复数名词 /you/we/they are + done 句式变化 1.✅肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + done The flowers are watered every day. 花儿每天被浇水。 2.❌否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + done The homework is not finished on time. 作业没有被按时完成。 3.❓一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done …? Is this kind of bike made in China? 这种自行车是中国制造的吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + done? Where are the trees planted? 树被种在哪里？ by 的用法 by +动作执行者，表示 “被……” This letter is written by my mother. 这封信是我妈妈写的。 💡小提示：不知道 / 不需要说出动作是谁做的时，by 短语直接省略 主动变被动步骤 例：People grow rice in the south. ①宾语 rice 变主语 → Rice ②一般现在时，rice 单数 → is grown ③people 放 by 后，可省略 👉 Rice is grown in the south. 水稻种植在南方。 易错 1.只有及物动词才有被动语态；不及物动词（happen, appear, take place）无被动 ❌An accident was happened yesterday.（错） ✅An accident happened yesterday. 2. 过去分词要记牢，不要写成过去式 1．When the work ________, you can have a rest and relax yourself. A．will be done B．will do C．is done D．does 2．—May I leave now? —If your work ________, you can go home. A．finishes B．is finished C．has finished D．will be finished 3．The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 4．A notice ________ on the wall to tell newcomers the rules in the library. A．hang B．hangs C．hung D．is hung 5．A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year. A．have sent B．are sent C．were sent D．send 6．Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest ________ for future use. A．save B．saves C．are saved D．is saved 7．The annual English speech competition in our school _________ by the Students’ Union every November. A．organizes B．is organized C．organized D．was organized 8．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 9．Forty percent of my monthly pocket money ________ spent on entertainment. A．has B．have C．is D．are 10．I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 11．Working in pairs offers the students more chances to learn English from each other.(改为被动语态) More chances ________ ________ to the students to learn English from each other by working in pairs. 12．The shop owner locks all the doors every night before leaving.（改为被动语态） All the doors ________ ________ by the shop owner every night before he leaves. 13．People often use this app to practise their spoken English. (改为被动语态) This app ________ often ________ to practise people’s spoken English. 14．Many middle schools in China teach paper cutting as a traditional art.（改为被动语态） Paper cutting ________ ________ as a traditional art in many middle schools in China. 15．The organization provides thousands of environmentally-friendly bags every day. (改为被动语态) Thousands of environmentally-friendly bags ________ ________ by the organization every day. 1．If more houses ___________, the housing problem will soon be solved next year. A．to be built B．will be built C．will build D．are built 2．Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 3．Alice, you ________ on the phone now, please come to my office as quickly as possible. A．want B．are wanting C．are wanted D．have wanted 4．If Kitty ________ another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 5．A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 6．Lucy as well as her brother ________ very hard and ________ a prize this year. A．studies, is awarded B．study, are awarded C．studies, awards D．study, award 7．The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 8．New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly. A．are driven B．drive C．were driven D．drove 9．Basketball has a long history and today it ________ by not only the young but also the old. A．was loved B．be loved C．had been loved D．is loved 10．I’m not sure if Lily________ me. If I ________, I will go with you. A．will invite; will be invited B．invites; invite C．invites; will invite D．will invite; am invited 11．Teachers use educational technology for videos and pictures in class. （改成被动语态） Educational technology ________ ________ by teachers for videos and pictures in class. 12．More and more teenagers use language learning apps these days.（改为被动语态） Language learning apps ________ ________ by more and more teenagers these days. 13．Adults always tell children to obey different rules in life. (改为被动语态) Children ________ always ________ to obey different rules in life by adults. 14．People all over the world speak English.  （改为被动语态） English ________ ________ by people all over the world. 15．At the Spring Festival, we hang many coloured lights from the building. (改为被动语态) At the Spring Festival, many coloured lights ________ ________ from the building. 语法选择 Many folk music artists start live-streaming recently. People are discussing 1 online shows can let old musical art live on. The musicians 2 play erhu, pipa and guzheng share their skills online. Short videos 3 every day to attract young people. The traditional instruments 4 people almost forgot are popular again. New young learners 5 folk music lessons after watching the live shows. Special online music courses 6 for teenagers in the future. The artists hope folk music 7 to more middle school students. Experts say the way 8 we spread culture changes with time. We are trying to find out 9 we can keep these art forms forever. Music 10 carries our culture will never disappear. 1．A．whether B．which C．who D．whose 2．A．which B．who C．whose D．when 3．A．post B．are posted C．posted D．were posted 4．A．who B．which C．what D．where 5．A．take B．took C．have taken D．will take 6．A．create B．will create C．will be created D．are created 7．A．know B．will know C．will be known D．knew 8．A．that B．who C．whose D．what 9．A．how B．if C．that D．whose 10．A．which B．however C．when D．whether 语法填空 请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 3 hours ago I love Thursday afternoons because we have a fun class then! It’s biology class, and it’s 41 (excite). The classroom is not in any school building—it’s on the roof (屋顶)! Here, we learn new knowledge about nature by looking after our own “mini-farm”. The course is 42 important part of our school life. The course combines (融合) many subjects. Maths helps us work out how much water the plants need. Art also matters. We design beautiful 43 (sign) for our green plants. After school, we also learn a lot about nature by 44 (we). Biology is like a secret key that opens the door to learning many other subjects. Our class is 45 (give) a small piece of land on the roof. We learn to manage the soil and grow vegetables. Last Thursday, our teacher 46 (teach) us how to cut branches (枝杈) and leaves from tomato plants. This helped them to grow more and 47 (big) fruit. The work seemed easy, 48 it took time to get it right. We tried many times, and 49 (final), we made it! One thing I learn from the course: True knowledge is not just what we remember, but what we can create 50 our own hands. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit4 Folk customs 课时3 Grammar：一般现在时被动语态 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 概念 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者，不是动作发出者。 - 主动：We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。（我们做打扫） - 被动：The classroom is cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫。（教室被打扫） 基本结构 I am + done 单数名词 /he/she/it is + done 复数名词 /you/we/they are + done 句式变化 1.✅肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + done The flowers are watered every day. 花儿每天被浇水。 2.❌否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + done The homework is not finished on time. 作业没有被按时完成。 3.❓一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done …? Is this kind of bike made in China? 这种自行车是中国制造的吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + done? Where are the trees planted? 树被种在哪里？ by 的用法 by +动作执行者，表示 “被……” This letter is written by my mother. 这封信是我妈妈写的。 💡小提示：不知道 / 不需要说出动作是谁做的时，by 短语直接省略 主动变被动步骤 1. 主动句宾语 → 改为被动句主语 2. 谓语动词改为：am/is/are + 过去分词 3. 主动句主语放 by 后面，可省略 例：People grow rice in the south. ①宾语 rice 变主语 → Rice ②一般现在时，rice 单数 → is grown ③people 放 by 后，可省略 👉 Rice is grown in the south. 水稻种植在南方。 易错 1.只有及物动词才有被动语态；不及物动词（happen, appear, take place）无被动 ❌An accident was happened yesterday.（错） ✅An accident happened yesterday. 2. 过去分词要记牢，不要写成过去式 1．When the work ________, you can have a rest and relax yourself. A．will be done B．will do C．is done D．does 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当工作完成时，你可以休息放松一下。 考查时态和语态。结合主句“you can have a rest”及从句是when引导的时间状语从句可知，从句时态是一般现在时，且从句的主语the work与动词do之间是被动关系，所以该空要填一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为is/am/are+done。故选C。 2．—May I leave now? —If your work ________, you can go home. A．finishes B．is finished C．has finished D．will be finished 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我现在可以走了吗？——如果你的工作完成了，你就可以回家。 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。答句为If引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主情从现”。空处位于从句，时态为一般现在时。主语“your work”与动词“finish”是逻辑上的动宾关系，用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构为am/is/are finished。主语为不可数名词“work”，be动词用is。故选B。 3．The International Cartoon Exhibition ________ here every year for fans from all over the world. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．was held 【答案】A 【详解】句意：国际卡通展览每年都在这里举办，以迎接来自世界各地的粉丝。   考查动词的时态和语态。is held​​被举办，一般现在时被动语态；has been held现在完成时的被动语态；will be held一般将来时的被动语态；was held一般过去时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知，这是一个经常性、习惯性的动作，所以句子时态应用一般现在时。同时，“The International Cartoon Exhibition”与“hold”之间是被动关系，即展览是被举办的，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态“be + 过去分词”结构。故选A。 4．A notice ________ on the wall to tell newcomers the rules in the library. A．hang B．hangs C．hung D．is hung 【答案】D 【详解】句意：墙上挂着一张告示，告诉新来的人图书馆的规则。 考查动词时态和语态。根据“A notice…on the wall to tell newcomers the rules in the library.”可知，此处表示告示被挂到墙上，应用一般现在时的被动语态：be＋动词过去分词，主语“A notice”为单数名词，be动词用is。故选D。 5．A large number of engineers ________ to Africa by our government to help the people there every year. A．have sent B．are sent C．were sent D．send 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年，我们政府都会派大批工程师到非洲帮助那里的人民。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知，句子是一般现在时态，主语engineers与谓语动词之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故选B。 6．Jane spends half of her pocket money on books. The rest ________ for future use. A．save B．saves C．are saved D．is saved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：简把一半的零花钱花在买书上。其余的留作将来使用。 考查动词时态和语态。The rest是指剩下的钱，相当于“money”，是不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数可排除AC选项；主语“The rest”和动词“save”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(be done)。故选D。 7．The annual English speech competition in our school _________ by the Students’ Union every November. A．organizes B．is organized C．organized D．was organized 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学校的一年一度英语演讲比赛每年十一月由学生会组织。 考查被动语态。organizes一般现在时；is organized一般现在时的被动语态；organized一般过去时；was organized一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The annual English speech competition in our school...by the Students’ Union every November.”可知，句中主语“The annual English speech competition”与动词“organize”是被动关系，时间状语“every November”表明句子时态是一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 8．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 【答案】D 【详解】句意：春节期间，红灯笼被挂在商店里以吸引顾客。 考查被动语态。hang“悬挂”，其过去式和过去分词为hung；hang“绞死”，其过去式和过去分词为hanged。根据“Red lanterns...in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival.”可知，这里是指挂红灯笼，“红灯笼”与“挂”之间是被动关系，其结构是“be + 过去分词”；又因为主语“Red lanterns”是复数，且句子描述的是春节期间经常发生的事情，时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用are，过去分词用hung。故选D。 9．Forty percent of my monthly pocket money ________ spent on entertainment. A．has B．have C．is D．are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我每月40%的零花钱都花在娱乐上。 考查主谓一致和语态。has有，三单形式；have有，动词原形；is是，单数；are是，复数。主语pocket money为不可数名词，且与谓语动词spend之间是被动关系，结构为be done，be动词用is。故选C。 10．I think that the kid will do it better if he ________ another chance. A．will be given B．is given C．has been given D．was given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为如果再给这个孩子一次机会，他会做得更好。 考查时态和语态。该句是if引导的是条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，因为主语“he”和“give”之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为“he”，填is given。故选B。 11．Working in pairs offers the students more chances to learn English from each other.(改为被动语态) More chances ________ ________ to the students to learn English from each other by working in pairs. 【答案】are offered 【详解】句意：结对学习为学生提供了更多互相学习英语的机会。原句时态是一般现在时，谓语动词是offers，改为被动语态时，主语“More chances”是复数，一般现在时的被动语态结构是are done，offer的过去分词是offered。 12．The shop owner locks all the doors every night before leaving.（改为被动语态） All the doors ________ ________ by the shop owner every night before he leaves. 【答案】are locked 【详解】句意：所有的门每天晚上在店主离开前都会被锁上。主动语态中，主语the shop owner是动作的发出者，谓语动词为locks，宾语all the doors是动作的承受者；改为被动语态时，需将原句宾语all the doors变为主语，谓语动词改为“be动词+动词过去分词”的形式，原句为一般现在时，主语all the doors是复数，be动词用are，动词lock的过去分词为locked，故填are locked。 13．People often use this app to practise their spoken English. (改为被动语态) This app ________ often ________ to practise people’s spoken English. 【答案】 is used 【详解】句意：人们经常使用这个应用程序来练习他们的英语口语。被动语态的结构是“be+动词的过去分词”，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is；use的过去分词是used，be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”。 14．Many middle schools in China teach paper cutting as a traditional art.（改为被动语态） Paper cutting ________ ________ as a traditional art in many middle schools in China. 【答案】 is taught 【详解】句意：中国许多中学把剪纸作为一门传统艺术来教授。根据原句时态为一般现在时，可知用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Paper cutting 为不可数名词，be动词用is，teach“教”的过去分词为taught。故填is；taught。 15．The organization provides thousands of environmentally-friendly bags every day. (改为被动语态) Thousands of environmentally-friendly bags ________ ________ by the organization every day. 【答案】are provided 【详解】句意：这个组织每天提供上千个环境友好的袋子。被动语态结构：be+动词过去分词。句子是一般现在时态，主语“Thousands of environmentally-friendly bags”是复数名词，be动词用are。provide的过去分词为“provided”。故填are；provided。 1．If more houses ___________, the housing problem will soon be solved next year. A．to be built B．will be built C．will build D．are built 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果建造更多的房子，住房问题将很快在明年得到解决。 考查被动语态和时态。主语“more houses”和所给谓语动词build构成动宾关系，应用被动语态，其构成为“be done”；句中“If”意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语“more houses”表示复数，用系动词are构成被动语态。故选D。 2．Plastic ________ many things. A．are used to make B．used to make C．is used to make D．is used to making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：塑料被用来制造许多东西。 考查被动语态及非谓语动词。be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”；used to do表示“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing表示“习惯做某事”。根据“Plastic”可知塑料被用来做东西，应用be used to do sth.，主语“Plastic”是不可数名词，需用单数形式“is”，故选C。 3．Alice, you ________ on the phone now, please come to my office as quickly as possible. A．want B．are wanting C．are wanted D．have wanted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爱丽丝，现在有电话找你，请尽快来我办公室。 考查语态。主语Alice和want之间是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为be+动词过去分词。want的过去分词为wanted。故选C。 4．If Kitty ________ another 30 minutes, I think she can finish the oil painting. A．gives B．will give C．is given D．will be given 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果再给Kitty30分钟，我想她能完成这幅油画。 考查动词时态和语态。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语Kitty和谓语give之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”。故选C。 5．A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里每年都种很多树，现在我们可以呼吸到更新鲜的空气了。 考查时态及语态。根据“every year”可知，句子时态用一般现在时；主语A lot of trees与谓语plant是动宾关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语是复数，be用are。故选B。 6．Lucy as well as her brother ________ very hard and ________ a prize this year. A．studies, is awarded B．study, are awarded C．studies, awards D．study, award 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露西和她的哥哥学习都很努力，今年还获了一个奖。 考查动词时态和语态用法。 as well as“和”，连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最远的主语保持一致，即Lucy。根据“this year”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，第一空动词用三单形式；第二空主语是谓语动词的动作承受者，应用一般现在时的被动语态is done结构。故选A。 7．The World Cup is an international football competition that ________ every four years. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】C 【详解】句意：世界杯是一项国际足球比赛，每四年举行一次。 考查被动语态及动词时态。主语The World Cup和动词hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，世界杯被举行，故为被动语态。结合“every four years”可知，时态是一般现在时。故选C。 8．New energy cars ________ by electricity, so they’ re environmentally friendly. A．are driven B．drive C．were driven D．drove 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新能源汽车是用电驱动的，所以它们对环境很友好。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语New energy cars和谓语动词drive之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；根据“so they’ re environmentally friendly.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。 9．Basketball has a long history and today it ________ by not only the young but also the old. A．was loved B．be loved C．had been loved D．is loved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：篮球有着悠久的历史，今天它不仅受到年轻人的喜爱，而且受到老年人的喜爱。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。“it”指“basketball”，与“love”是被动关系，因此应用被动语态；根据“now”可知应用一般现在时的被动语态“is loved”。故选D。 10．I’m not sure if Lily________ me. If I ________, I will go with you. A．will invite; will be invited B．invites; invite C．invites; will invite D．will invite; am invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不确定丽丽是否会邀请我。如果我被邀请了，我就和你一起去。 考查动词时态。根据“I’m not sure if Lily...me”可知，第一句是宾语从句，时态遵循主现从不限，从句时态应用一般将来时，表示我不确定丽丽是否会邀请我。又根据“If I...I will go with you”可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循主将从现原则，且主语“I”和动词“invite”是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选D。 11．Teachers use educational technology for videos and pictures in class. （改成被动语态） Educational technology ________ ________ by teachers for videos and pictures in class. 【答案】is used 【详解】句意：老师们在课堂上使用教育技术来播放视频、展示图片。原句为一般现在时的主动语态，改为被动语态时，主语Educational technology是单数，be动词用is，use的过去分词是used，被动语态结构为be used by teachers，表示 “被老师使用”，故填is used。 12．More and more teenagers use language learning apps these days.（改为被动语态） Language learning apps ________ ________ by more and more teenagers these days. 【答案】 are used 【详解】句意：如今，越来越多的青少年使用语言学习应用程序。根据“by more and more teenagers these days”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语Language learning apps为复数，be动词用are，use“使用”的过去分词为used。 13．Adults always tell children to obey different rules in life. (改为被动语态) Children ________ always ________ to obey different rules in life by adults. 【答案】 are told 【详解】句意：成年人总是告诉孩子们在生活中要遵守不同的规则。原句中“tell”是关键词，表明时态为一般现在时，且谓语为实义动词。改为被动语态时，结构为“be+过去分词”，原句主语“children”为复数，be动词要用are，“tell”的过去分词是“told”。 14．People all over the world speak English.  （改为被动语态） English ________ ________ by people all over the world. 【答案】is spoken 【详解】句意：世界各地的人都说英语。原句为一般现在时主动语态，被动语态结构为：am/is/are + 过去分词。主语English是单数，故用is；speak的过去分词为spoken。 15．At the Spring Festival, we hang many coloured lights from the building. (改为被动语态) At the Spring Festival, many coloured lights ________ ________ from the building. 【答案】are hung 【详解】句意：春节的时候，我们会在这栋建筑物上悬挂许多彩灯。原句是一般现在时，被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，主语“many coloured lights”为复数，故be动词用are，hang表示“悬挂”时，过去分词为hung。 语法选择 Many folk music artists start live-streaming recently. People are discussing 1 online shows can let old musical art live on. The musicians 2 play erhu, pipa and guzheng share their skills online. Short videos 3 every day to attract young people. The traditional instruments 4 people almost forgot are popular again. New young learners 5 folk music lessons after watching the live shows. Special online music courses 6 for teenagers in the future. The artists hope folk music 7 to more middle school students. Experts say the way 8 we spread culture changes with time. We are trying to find out 9 we can keep these art forms forever. Music 10 carries our culture will never disappear. 1．A．whether B．which C．who D．whose 2．A．which B．who C．whose D．when 3．A．post B．are posted C．posted D．were posted 4．A．who B．which C．what D．where 5．A．take B．took C．have taken D．will take 6．A．create B．will create C．will be created D．are created 7．A．know B．will know C．will be known D．knew 8．A．that B．who C．whose D．what 9．A．how B．if C．that D．whose 10．A．which B．however C．when D．whether 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文讲述许多民间音乐艺人开启直播，借助网络短视频、线上课程等新式方式传播民乐，让传统民乐重新流行、代代传承的故事。 【详解】1．句意：人们正在讨论线上节目是否能让古老的音乐艺术延续下去。 根据句中“are discussing”可知此处表达不确定的探讨含义，应用whether。which指代事物、who指代人、whose表所属，均不符合句意。 2．句意：演奏二胡、琵琶和古筝的音乐家们在网上分享他们的技艺。 根据先行词“The musicians”指代人可知，此处需要指代人的关系代词，应用who。which指代事物、whose表所属、when指代时间，均不符合句意。 3．句意：短视频每天被发布来吸引年轻人。 根据句中“every day”可知是经常性动作，且视频是被发布，应用一般现在时被动语态are posted。post为主动语态、posted时态错误、were posted时态不符，均不符合句意。 4．句意：人们几乎遗忘的传统乐器再次流行起来。 根据先行词“The traditional instruments”指代事物可知，此处需要指代物的关系代词，应用which。who指代人、what不能引导定语从句、where指代地点，均不符合句意。 5．句意：年轻的新晋学习者看完直播节目后已经开始学习民乐课程。 根据语境侧重看完直播之后到目前为止已经产生的结果（学习民乐），应用现在完成时have taken。take为一般现在时、took侧重过去、will take表将来，均不符合句意。 6．句意：未来将为青少年开设专属的线上音乐课程。 根据句中“in the future”可知是将来时态，且课程是被开设，应用一般将来时被动语态will be created。create、will create为主动语态、are created时态不符，均不符合句意。 7．句意：艺人们希望更多中学生能够了解民乐。 根据语境可知是未来的期许，且民乐是被人们了解，应用一般将来时被动语态will be known。know、will know为主动语态、knew时态不符，均不符合句意。 8．句意：专家表示，我们传播文化的方式随时代发生改变。 先行词为“the way”，且定语从句we spread culture主谓宾完整，从句缺少方式状语，可用that/in which/省略关系词，结合选项，应用that。who指代人、whose表所属、what不能引导定语从句，均不符合句意。 9．句意：我们正努力寻找能够永久留存这些艺术形式的方法。 根据句中“find out”可知是探寻方式方法，应用how。if表是否、that无实义、whose表所属，均不符合句意。 10．句意：承载着我们文化的音乐永远不会消失。 根据先行词“Music”指代事物可知，此处需要指代物的关系代词，应用which。however表转折、when指代时间、whether表是否，均不符合句意。 语法填空 请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。 3 hours ago I love Thursday afternoons because we have a fun class then! It’s biology class, and it’s 41 (excite). The classroom is not in any school building—it’s on the roof (屋顶)! Here, we learn new knowledge about nature by looking after our own “mini-farm”. The course is 42 important part of our school life. The course combines (融合) many subjects. Maths helps us work out how much water the plants need. Art also matters. We design beautiful 43 (sign) for our green plants. After school, we also learn a lot about nature by 44 (we). Biology is like a secret key that opens the door to learning many other subjects. Our class is 45 (give) a small piece of land on the roof. We learn to manage the soil and grow vegetables. Last Thursday, our teacher 46 (teach) us how to cut branches (枝杈) and leaves from tomato plants. This helped them to grow more and 47 (big) fruit. The work seemed easy, 48 it took time to get it right. We tried many times, and 49 (final), we made it! One thing I learn from the course: True knowledge is not just what we remember, but what we can create 50 our own hands. 【答案】1．exciting 2．an 3．signs 4．ourselves 5．given 6．taught 7．bigger 8．but 9．finally 10．with 【导语】本文通过作者介绍学校屋顶“迷你农场”生物课的学习经历，讲述了这门融合多学科的特色课程如何让学生在实践中学习自然知识，强调真正的知识来源于动手创造。 【详解】1．句意：它是生物课，并且它很令人兴奋。设空处在句中作“is”的表语，主语“it”指代“biology class”，修饰事物应用-ing结尾的形容词，excite的形容词为exciting“令人兴奋的”。 2．句意：这门课程是我们学校生活的一个重要组成部分。设空处修饰可数名词单数“part”，需用不定冠词表泛指，“important”以元音音素/ɪ/开头，应用an。 3．句意：我们为绿色植物设计漂亮的标牌。设空处作动词“design”的宾语，sign为可数名词，此处表示一类事物，需用复数形式signs。 4．句意：放学后，我们也靠自己学习很多关于自然的知识。by oneself为固定搭配，表示“独自地、靠自己”，主语为“We”，反身代词需与主语保持一致，应用ourselves。 5．句意：我们班被给予屋顶上的一小块土地。分析句子结构可知，主语“Our class”与动词give之间是被动关系，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”；空格前已有“is”，此处应用give的过去分词given。 6．句意：上周四，我们的老师教我们如何从番茄植株上剪掉枝杈和叶子。根据“Last Thursday”可知，句子时态需用一般过去时，谓语动词teach应用过去式taught。 7．句意：这帮助它们长出更多更大的果实。“and”连接并列结构，应用big的比较级bigger，与“more”共同修饰名词“fruit”。 8．句意：这工作看起来简单，但要做好却需要时间。分析句子结构可知，前后分句为转折关系，需用表示转折的连词but连接。 9．句意：我们尝试了很多次，最后，我们成功了！分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语，final的副词形式为finally。 10．句意：真正的知识不仅仅是我们记住的东西，而是我们能用自己的双手创造的东西。with one’s own hands为固定搭配，表示“用某人自己的双手”，with表示“用 (工具/手段)”，符合语境。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $