Unit 3 课时3 Grammar：疑问词+不定式（分层作业）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“疑问词+不定式”为核心，通过四级分层设计构建从基础到综合的知识巩固路径，助力语言能力与思维品质协同发展。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|基本结构与功能|单选考查疑问词辨析，句式转换强化基础应用| |能力提升|疑问词搭配与转换|结合语境的疑问词选择，提升灵活运用能力| |拓展培优|综合语境应用|融入deal with等固定搭配，深化语用理解| |思维进阶|语篇层面整合|语法填空与语篇选择，培养分析与推断能力|

Unit3 Travellers' tales 课时3 Grammar：疑问词+不定式 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 基本结构 疑问词 (what /which/who /whom/where /when/how) + to + 动词原形 注意：why 不能接 to do，没有 why to do 这种用法。 功能 相当于一个名词性成分，在句中主要作宾语，也可作主语、表语。 常用疑问词辨析 1.what to do 做什么（what 是 do 的宾语，后面不加宾语） I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。 2.how to do it 怎样做它（how 是方式状语，do 后面必须加宾语 it/them） I don’t know how to do it. 我不知道该怎样做这件事。 3.which to choose 选哪一个 I can’t decide which to choose. 我无法决定选哪一个。 4.who / whom to invite 邀请谁 Please tell me who(m) to invite. 请告诉我该邀请谁。 5.where to go去哪里；when to start何时开始 Could you tell me where to go? 你能告诉我该去哪里吗？ We haven’t decided when to start. 我们还没决定何时出发。 句式转换 疑问词 + to do = 疑问词引导的宾语从句（主语和主句主语一致） I don’t know what I should do. = I don’t know what to do. 我不知道我该做什么。 She doesn’t know how she can solve the problem. = She doesn’t know how to solve the problem.她不知道如何解决这个问题。 注意：主从句主语不一样，不能换成疑问词 + 不定式。 ❌ I don’t know where he should go. → 不能改成 where to go。 常搭配动词 后面可以接 “疑问词 + to do” 作宾语的动词： tell, know, learn, decide, choose, wonder, find out, ask 例句： Please tell me how to use the machine. 请告诉我如何使用这台机器。 He wondered which book to buy. 他想知道要买哪一本书。 1．I was thinking about ________ to spend my holidays. A．who B．what C．where D．which 2．I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it next B．what to do it next C．how to do next D．what do next 3．I really don’t know ________ to leave for the village by bike. A．when B．where C．what D．how 4．There are so many types of smart phones in this shop. I really don’t know ________. A．to buy which B．to buy what C．which to buy D．what to buy 5．Ellen, do you know _________ to do with the rubbish when you are on the way? A．how B．when C．where D．what 6．This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 7．The speaker talked about the work of a lawyer and ________ to be an excellent lawyer. A．when B．how C．where D．who 8．Don’t always tell your partner _______ to do next. Let her solve the problem by herself. A．how B．who C．what D．where 9．—I don’t know ________ next. —Let’s ask our teacher for help. A．what to do B．what should I do C．how to do D．how should I do it 10．Could you tell me how ________ the library? A．to find B．can I find C．found D．find 11．Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the nearest metro station?（改为简单句） Excuse me, but can you tell me ________ ________ get to the nearest metro station? 12．Kitty wants to know how she can keep the balance between work and play.（改为简单句） Kitty wants to know________ ________ keep the balance between work and play. 13．Amy has no idea where she will go to spend her winter holidays. (改为简单句) Amy has no idea ________ ________ go to spend her winter holidays. 14．The group members are discussing when they will start doing the experiment.  (改为简单句) The group members are discussing ________ ________ start doing the experiment. 15．Please decide which course you will take immediately. (改为简单句) Please decide which course ________ ________ immediately. 1．We learnt it all by ourselves; that is to say, nobody told us ________. A．when to do B．where to do C．what to do it D．how to do it 2．—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 3．The new year is coming. I am wondering ________ to make a meaningful plan for myself. A．how B．which C．who D．what 4．Read the directions printed on the box and you will know how ________ the batteries. A．changing B．changed C．to change D．will change 5．Youth workers always know ________ the teenage problems, and their advice is well worth ________. A．how to deal with; listening to B．what to deal with; taking C．what to do with; listening D．how to do with; taking 6．—I don’t know ________ with his problem. It’s too hard. —You can ask Mr Wang for help. A．which to do B．when to do C．what to deal D．how to deal 7．There are so many excellent hotels in the city that I don’t know which one ________. A．to choosing B．choose C．choosing D．to choose 8．Could you tell me where ________ the bank? A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find 9．Before we have a picnic in the mountains, we have to learn ______ to do to protect ourselves first. A．when B．how C．what D．who 10．There are so many kinds of T-shirts. We can’t decide_____. A．to choose B．what to buy C．which one to choose D．to buy 11．Can you tell me where I can park my car around here?（改为简单句） Can you tell me ________ ________ park my car around here? 12．The tourist wondered where he could exchange the money easily. （改成简单句） The tourist wondered ________ ________ exchange the money easily. 13．With two invitations in hand, she wondered which one she should accept. (改为简单句) With two invitations in hand, she wondered which one _________ _________. 14．This program aims to teach students how they can stay safe online. (改为简单句) This program aims to teach students ________ ________ stay safe online. 15．She’s considering whether she will visit the robotics exhibition. (改为简单句) She’s considering ________ ________ visit the robotics exhibition. 语法选择 Nowadays, many teenagers have problems with their schoolwork. They often feel stressed and don’t know 1 to deal with these problems. A recent survey shows 2 most students have too much homework every day. They don’t have enough time for their hobbies. Some students wonder 3 they can balance their study and hobbies. Many parents are worried about their children. They don’t know 4 they can help their children. Some parents think 5 the only way to help children is to stop them from having hobbies. But I don’t think 6 is a good idea. Teachers say 7 we should learn to plan our time carefully. We should make sure 8 we can finish our homework on time. At the same time, we should also think about 9 we really like doing. I believe 10 we can find a balance between study and hobbies, we will live a happier life. 1．A．how B．what C．why D．where 2．A．if B．that C．whether D．what 3．A．that B．what C．how D．why 4．A．how B．what C．that D．if 5．A．what B．that C．if D．whether 6．A．it B．that C．this D．its 7．A．what B．if C．that D．whether 8．A．what B．that C．if D．how 9．A．that B．what C．if D．whether 10．A．if B．that C．whether D．what 语法填空 Now human beings are exploring space more actively. Many rockets 1 (send) into space every year. We publish lots of articles 2 (introduce) exoplanets and solar energy. Astronauts work on board spacecraft and they must cooperate 3 each other. Their main mission 4 (be) to study galaxies and distant planets. They use telescopes and rovers 5 (collect) information. Some manned crafts 6 (land) on Mars already. Astronauts feel weightless and need to learn how 7 (operate) machines in space. Geology and satellite technology help us know more about Mars. Many people have crazy ideas about living on other planets, but we still require 8 (do) more research. We won’t cancel the plan easily, 9 we have great expectations for space exploration. We are looking forward 10 visiting other planets one day. ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit3 Travellers' tales 课时3 Grammar：疑问词+不定式 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 知识模块 具体内容 基本结构 疑问词 (what /which/who /whom/where /when/how) + to + 动词原形 注意：why 不能接 to do，没有 why to do 这种用法。 功能 相当于一个名词性成分，在句中主要作宾语，也可作主语、表语。 常用疑问词辨析 1.what to do 做什么（what 是 do 的宾语，后面不加宾语） I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。 2.how to do it 怎样做它（how 是方式状语，do 后面必须加宾语 it/them） I don’t know how to do it. 我不知道该怎样做这件事。 3.which to choose 选哪一个 I can’t decide which to choose. 我无法决定选哪一个。 4.who / whom to invite 邀请谁 Please tell me who(m) to invite. 请告诉我该邀请谁。 5.where to go去哪里；when to start何时开始 Could you tell me where to go? 你能告诉我该去哪里吗？ We haven’t decided when to start. 我们还没决定何时出发。 句式转换 疑问词 + to do = 疑问词引导的宾语从句（主语和主句主语一致） I don’t know what I should do. = I don’t know what to do. 我不知道我该做什么。 She doesn’t know how she can solve the problem. = She doesn’t know how to solve the problem.她不知道如何解决这个问题。 注意：主从句主语不一样，不能换成疑问词 + 不定式。 ❌ I don’t know where he should go. → 不能改成 where to go。 常搭配动词 后面可以接 “疑问词 + to do” 作宾语的动词： tell, know, learn, decide, choose, wonder, find out, ask 例句： Please tell me how to use the machine. 请告诉我如何使用这台机器。 He wondered which book to buy. 他想知道要买哪一本书。 1．I was thinking about ________ to spend my holidays. A．who B．what C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我在想去哪里度假。 考查疑问词辨析。who谁，代词；what什么，代词；where哪里，副词；which哪一个，代词。根据空后的“spend”有宾语可知，此处用副词where。故选C。 2．I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it next B．what to do it next C．how to do next D．what do next 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我真的不知道接下来该怎么做。 考查“疑问词+不定式”。what to do“做什么”/how to do it“怎么做”，故选A。 3．I really don’t know ________ to leave for the village by bike. A．when B．where C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我真的不知道什么时候骑自行车去那个村庄。 考查疑问代词和疑问副词。when什么时候；where哪里；what什么；how怎样。根据“…to leave for the village by bike”可知此句缺少时间状语，应用“when”。故选A。 4．There are so many types of smart phones in this shop. I really don’t know ________. A．to buy which B．to buy what C．which to buy D．what to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这家商店里有这么多种类的智能手机。我真不知道该买哪个。 考查“疑问词+不定式”。which哪一个；what什么。此处是“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，根据“There are so many types of smart phones in this shop.”可知，种类太多，所以不知道买哪个，有选择性含义，用which。故选C。 5．Ellen, do you know _________ to do with the rubbish when you are on the way? A．how B．when C．where D．what 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Ellen，你知道在路上怎么处理垃圾吗？ 考查疑问词辨析。how如何；when何时；where何地；what什么。根据“to do with the rubbish”，可知，此处用what to do with“如何处理”的固定搭配，故选D。 6．This video teaches people ________ to protect themselves during an earthquake. A．what B．how C．who D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个视频教人们如何在地震中保护自己。 考查疑问词+不定式结构。what什么；how怎样；who谁；that引导宾语从句。teach sb. how to do sth.意为“教某人如何做某事”，符合句意。故选B。 7．The speaker talked about the work of a lawyer and ________ to be an excellent lawyer. A．when B．how C．where D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：演讲者谈到了律师的工作以及如何成为一名优秀的律师。 考查特殊疑问词。when什么时候；how如何；where哪里；who谁。根据“to be an excellent lawyer”可知，谈论如何成为一名优秀的律师。故选B。 8．Don’t always tell your partner _______ to do next. Let her solve the problem by herself. A．how B．who C．what D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要总是告诉你的伴侣下一步该做什么。让她自己解决这个问题。 考查疑问词辨析。how怎样；who谁；what什么；where在哪。根据“Let her solve the problem by herself.”可知，此处是不要总是告诉你的伴侣下一步该做什么，此处是疑问词+to do的形式，此处用疑问词what，作do的宾语，故选C。 9．—I don’t know ________ next. —Let’s ask our teacher for help. A．what to do B．what should I do C．how to do D．how should I do it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我不知道接下来做什么。——让我们向老师寻求帮助吧。 know后接宾语，A项“疑问词 + 不定式”结构正确，what作do的宾语；B项和D项是宾语从句，但使用了疑问语序should I，应改为陈述语序I should；C项do是及物动词，后缺宾语，how是副词不能作宾语，应为how to do it。 10．Could you tell me how ________ the library? A．to find B．can I find C．found D．find 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我怎么找到图书馆吗？ 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。根据“Could you tell me how ... the library?”可知，在宾语从句中，当主句是 “Could you tell me…?” 时，后面常接疑问词 + to do表示“如何做某事”。故选A。 11．Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the nearest metro station?（改为简单句） Excuse me, but can you tell me ________ ________ get to the nearest metro station? 【答案】how to 【详解】句意：打扰一下，你能告诉我去最近的地铁站怎么走吗？根据题干和句意可知，原句中“the way to…”表示“去……的路”，可以转换为“疑问词+不定式”结构“how to get to…”来表达相同含义，作tell的宾语。 12．Kitty wants to know how she can keep the balance between work and play.（改为简单句） Kitty wants to know________ ________ keep the balance between work and play. 【答案】how to 【详解】句意：Kitty想知道她如何才能在工作和娱乐之间保持平衡。原句中“how she can keep...”是宾语从句，在改为简单句时，可将其替换为“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构“how to keep...”，二者都作动词know的宾语，且句意完全不变。 13．Amy has no idea where she will go to spend her winter holidays. (改为简单句) Amy has no idea ________ ________ go to spend her winter holidays. 【答案】where to 【详解】句意：艾米不知道要去哪里度过她的寒假。原句是含有宾语从句的复合句，改为简单句时，需将宾语从句“where she will go”替换为“疑问词+不定式”结构“where to go”。故填where；to。 14．The group members are discussing when they will start doing the experiment.  (改为简单句) The group members are discussing ________ ________ start doing the experiment. 【答案】when to 【详解】句意：小组成员们正在讨论他们将何时开始做实验。原句是含有宾语从句的复合句，改为简单句时，可将“when they will”转换为“when to”（“疑问词 + 不定式” 结构），作discuss的宾语。故填when；to。 15．Please decide which course you will take immediately. (改为简单句) Please decide which course ________ ________ immediately. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：请立即决定选哪门课。根据“Please decide which course you will take immediately.”可知，此处应将宾语从句“which course you will take”改为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，因此用which course to take。故填to；take。 1．We learnt it all by ourselves; that is to say, nobody told us ________. A．when to do B．where to do C．what to do it D．how to do it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们都是自学的；也就是说，没有人告诉我们该怎么做。 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。when to do何时做；where to do何地做；what to do it表述错误；how to do it 如何做。根据前句“by ourselves”可知，此处强调“没有人告知做事的方式”，“how to do it”符合“疑问词+不定式”的正确结构，故选D。 2．—Wow, Julie, it’s so cool to take some photos with your mobile phone. —Just with a software called MTxiuxiu. Let me show you ________. A．what to use B．how to use it C．which to use D．where to use it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——哇，朱莉，用你的手机拍照真是太酷了。——只需要一个叫MTxiuxiu的软件。让我来教你怎么用。 考查疑问词+动词不定式结构。what to use使用什么；how to use it如何使用它；which to use使用哪一个；where to use it在哪里使用它。根据“Just with a software called MTxiuxiu.”可知，此处表示“让我教你如何使用它”，故选B。 3．The new year is coming. I am wondering ________ to make a meaningful plan for myself. A．how B．which C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：新年就要到了。我想知道如何为自己制定一个有意义的计划。 考查疑问词，how怎样；which哪一个；who谁；what什么。根据“I am wondering ... to make a meaningful plan for myself.”可知应该是想知道如何制定，故选A。 4．Read the directions printed on the box and you will know how ________ the batteries. A．changing B．changed C．to change D．will change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：阅读盒子上的说明，你就会知道如何更换电池。 考查非谓语动词。根据“you will know how ... the batteries.”可知，空格处是“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语，填“to change”。故选C。 5．Youth workers always know ________ the teenage problems, and their advice is well worth ________. A．how to deal with; listening to B．what to deal with; taking C．what to do with; listening D．how to do with; taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：青年工作者总是知道如何处理青少年问题，他们的建议非常值得倾听。 deal with常与how连用，do with常与what连用，因此排除 B、D 选项；be worth doing意为“值得做某事”，listen是不及物动词，接宾语advice时需加介词to，故此处应用listening to。 6．—I don’t know ________ with his problem. It’s too hard. —You can ask Mr Wang for help. A．which to do B．when to do C．what to deal D．how to deal 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我不知道如何处理他的问题。它太难了。——你可以向王老师寻求帮助。 which to do做哪个；when to do何时做；what to deal错误搭配；how to deal如何应对/处理。deal with意为“处理”，常与how连用，构成how to deal with结构；do with常与what连用，构成what to do with结构。根据空后“with his problem”及语境可知，此处表示处理问题的方法，应用how to deal with。 7．There are so many excellent hotels in the city that I don’t know which one ________. A．to choosing B．choose C．choosing D．to choose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个城市有这么多优秀的酒店，我不知道该选哪一家。 考查疑问词+动词不定式。分析题干可知，本题应使用“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语，选项A是错误搭配。故选D。 8．Could you tell me where ________ the bank? A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你能告诉我在哪里可以找到银行吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，此处考查宾语从句。从句应用陈述句语序，所以此处应是“where I can find”，或者可以简化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即“where to find”。故选A。 9．Before we have a picnic in the mountains, we have to learn ______ to do to protect ourselves first. A．when B．how C．what D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我们在山上野餐之前，我们必须首先学习如何保护自己。 考查疑问词。when什么时候；how如何；what什么；who谁。根据“we have to learn...to do”可知，是指学习做什么，此处应用疑问代词what作do的宾语，故选C。 10．There are so many kinds of T-shirts. We can’t decide_____. A．to choose B．what to buy C．which one to choose D．to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有很多种T恤衫。我们无法决定选哪一个。 考查疑问词加动词不定式。根据句子结构，动词decide后接宾语，“特殊疑问词+ to do”可作宾语，且前面一句已指明是在T恤衫里挑选一件，不存在不能决定买什么的意思，故C选项最为符合句意，故应选C。 【点睛】常和“疑问词+动词不定式”结构连用的动词及短语有：know、learn、see、hear、ask、tell、advise、decide、explain、find out。例如： I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。 He could not tell whom to trust. 他不知道该相信谁。 11．Can you tell me where I can park my car around here?（改为简单句） Can you tell me ________ ________ park my car around here? 【答案】where to 【详解】句意：你能告诉我在这附近在哪儿停车吗？原句是宾语从句：where I can park my car around here，“疑问词 + 主语 + can + 动词原形”的宾语从句，可直接简化为： 疑问词 + to + 动词原形，where I can park → where to park，故填where；to。 12．The tourist wondered where he could exchange the money easily. （改成简单句） The tourist wondered ________ ________ exchange the money easily. 【答案】where to 【详解】句意：这名游客想知道在哪里可以方便地兑换钱。根据题目要求，将复合句改为简单句，原句结构：“where he could exchange the money easily”是一个宾语从句，作动词“wondered”的宾语，当宾语从句的引导词是疑问词（where, what, how, when 等），且从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以将从句改为“疑问词+动词不定式（to do）”，即“where to exchange...”。故填where；to。 13．With two invitations in hand, she wondered which one she should accept. (改为简单句) With two invitations in hand, she wondered which one _________ _________. 【答案】to accept 【详解】句意：手里拿着两份邀请函，她不知道该接受哪一个。原句为含有宾语从句的复合句，当主句主语与从句主语一致时，可改为“疑问词 + 动词不定式”的简单句结构，所以此处应填动词不定式to accept。 14．This program aims to teach students how they can stay safe online. (改为简单句) This program aims to teach students ________ ________ stay safe online. 【答案】how to 【详解】句意：这个项目旨在教学生如何在网上保障安全。题目要求改为简单句，原句中的宾语从句how they can stay safe online可以替换为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，即how to stay safe online，该结构可以直接作动词teach的宾语补足语。故填how；to。 15．She’s considering whether she will visit the robotics exhibition. (改为简单句) She’s considering ________ ________ visit the robotics exhibition. 【答案】whether to 【详解】句意：她正在考虑是否去参观机器人展览。原句包含一个由“whether”引导的宾语从句。改为简单句，可将宾语从句转换为动词不定式短语“whether to do sth.”，作为“consider”的宾语。故填whether；to。 语法选择 Nowadays, many teenagers have problems with their schoolwork. They often feel stressed and don’t know 1 to deal with these problems. A recent survey shows 2 most students have too much homework every day. They don’t have enough time for their hobbies. Some students wonder 3 they can balance their study and hobbies. Many parents are worried about their children. They don’t know 4 they can help their children. Some parents think 5 the only way to help children is to stop them from having hobbies. But I don’t think 6 is a good idea. Teachers say 7 we should learn to plan our time carefully. We should make sure 8 we can finish our homework on time. At the same time, we should also think about 9 we really like doing. I believe 10 we can find a balance between study and hobbies, we will live a happier life. 1．A．how B．what C．why D．where 2．A．if B．that C．whether D．what 3．A．that B．what C．how D．why 4．A．how B．what C．that D．if 5．A．what B．that C．if D．whether 6．A．it B．that C．this D．its 7．A．what B．if C．that D．whether 8．A．what B．that C．if D．how 9．A．that B．what C．if D．whether 10．A．if B．that C．whether D．what 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述许多青少年学业压力大，难以平衡学习与爱好。部分家长对此很焦虑，文章提出要合理规划时间，希望青少年找到二者之间的平衡，拥有更快乐的生活。 【详解】1．句意：他们经常感到压力大，不知道如何处理这些问题。 下文“deal with these problems”表明，此处表示“如何处理”，疑问词+不定式结构，how“如何”符合语境，what“什么”、why“为什么”和where“在哪里”不符。 2．句意：一项最近的调查显示，大多数学生每天有太多作业。 “shows”后接宾语从句，从句陈述事实，应用that引导，that“（引导宾语从句，无意义）”符合语境，if“是否”、whether“是否”和what“什么”不符。 3．句意：一些学生想知道他们如何才能平衡学习和爱好。 “balance their study and hobbies”表示“如何平衡”，应用how“如何”引导宾语从句，that“（无意义）”、what“什么”和why“为什么”不符。 4．句意：他们不知道如何帮助孩子。 “they can help their children”表示“如何帮助”，应用how“如何”引导宾语从句，what“什么”、that“（无意义）”和if“是否”不符。 5．句意：一些家长认为帮助孩子的唯一方法就是阻止他们拥有爱好。 “the only way to help children is...”是陈述的观点，应用that“（引导宾语从句，无意义）”引导，what“什么”、if“是否”和whether“是否”不符。 6．句意：但我认为这不是一个好主意。 此处用it指代前文“阻止孩子拥有爱好”这一做法，it“它”符合语境，that“那个”、this“这个”和its“它的”不符。 7．句意：老师说我们应该学会仔细规划时间。 “we should learn to plan our time carefully”是陈述的内容，应用that“（引导宾语从句，无意义）”引导，what“什么”、if“是否”和whether“是否”不符。 8．句意：我们应该确保我们能按时完成作业。 “we can finish our homework on time”是确保的内容，应用that“（引导宾语从句，无意义）”引导，what“什么”、if“是否”和how“如何”不符。 9．句意：同时，我们也应该思考我们真正喜欢做什么。 “we really like doing”中“doing”缺少宾语，应用what“什么”引导宾语从句，that“（无意义）”、if“是否”和whether“是否”不符。 10．句意：我相信如果我们能在学习和爱好之间找到平衡，我们会过得更快乐。 “we will live a happier life”是“find a balance”的结果，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句，that“（无意义）”、whether“是否”和what“什么”不符。 语法填空 Now human beings are exploring space more actively. Many rockets 1 (send) into space every year. We publish lots of articles 2 (introduce) exoplanets and solar energy. Astronauts work on board spacecraft and they must cooperate 3 each other. Their main mission 4 (be) to study galaxies and distant planets. They use telescopes and rovers 5 (collect) information. Some manned crafts 6 (land) on Mars already. Astronauts feel weightless and need to learn how 7 (operate) machines in space. Geology and satellite technology help us know more about Mars. Many people have crazy ideas about living on other planets, but we still require 8 (do) more research. We won’t cancel the plan easily, 9 we have great expectations for space exploration. We are looking forward 10 visiting other planets one day. 【答案】1．are sent 2．introducing 3．with 4．is 5．to collect 6．have landed 7．to operate 8．to do 9．because 10．to 【导语】本文围绕人类当前的太空探索活动展开，介绍了相关探索举措、航天员的工作内容与任务、已取得的探索进展，同时表明人类对太空探索抱有极高期待，将持续推进相关研究，以期未来实现造访其他行星的目标。 【详解】1．句意：如今人类正更加积极地探索太空，每年都有许多火箭被送入太空。主语“Many rockets”和动词send是被动关系，同时结合时间状语“every year”，说明句子时态是一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are，send的过去分词为sent。 2．句意：我们发布大量介绍系外行星和太阳能的文章。此处用后置定语修饰名词articles，名词articles和动词introduce是主动关系，因此使用现在分词形式introducing。 3．句意：宇航员在航天器上工作，他们必须互相协作。cooperate with sb.“与某人合作/协作”，with符合句意。 4．句意：他们的主要任务是研究星系和遥远的行星。主语是单数概念，整句描述客观事实，用一般现在时，因此be动词用is。 5．句意：他们使用望远镜和漫游车来收集信息。 use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语，因此to collect符合句意。 6．句意：一些载人飞船已经登陆火星了。时间标志词already是现在完成时的典型提示词，主语“Some manned crafts”是复数，因此现在完成时结构用have+过去分词，land的过去分词为landed。 7．句意：宇航员会处于失重状态，需要学习如何在太空中操作机器。 “疑问词+不定式”在句中作learn的宾语，how to operate表示“如何操作”。 8．句意：很多人有在其他星球生活的大胆想法，但我们仍然需要做更多的研究。require to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，不定式作require的宾语，to do符合句意。 9．句意：我们不会轻易取消这个计划，因为我们对太空探索抱有极高的期待。前后因果关系，because符合句意。 10．句意：我们期待着有一天能造访其他行星。look forward to“期待”，固定搭配。 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $