Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B作业集 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以“语基夯实+能力拓展”分层设计，通过基础记忆与综合应用的递进路径，系统巩固单元核心词汇、句型及语篇理解，适配新授课知识内化与语言能力提升需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |语基夯实|词汇、单词变形、短语、金句|背诵与默写结合，强化基础记忆，培养语言能力基础| |能力拓展|语法应用、语篇理解、综合表达|从单选、填空到阅读、任务型阅读，梯度提升，发展思维品质与学习能力|

九年级上册 Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B 语基夯实 【背诵版】 词汇巩固 1. god n. 神 2. mysterious adj. 神秘的；奇怪的 3. spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船 4. in case 以防万一 5. board n. 板；牌子 6. on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上 7. billion num. 十亿 8. trillion num. 万亿；兆 9. completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 10. cooperate v. 合作；协作 11. cooperate with 合作；协作；配合 12. set foot on 访问；参观(某地) 13. galaxy n. 星系 14. unmanned adj. 无(需)人操作的 15. craft n. 技艺；工艺；(pl.)飞行器；船 16. spaceship n. (航天)飞船 17. survey n. 测绘；民意调查 18. crowded adj. 人(太)多的；拥挤的 19. operate v. 操作；运行 单词变形 1. mystery(n.)→mysterious(adj.)神秘的；奇怪的 2. cooperate(v.)→cooperation(n.)合作；协作 3. operate(v.)→operation(n.)运转；运行 4. crowd(n.)→crowded(adj.)人(太)多的；拥挤的 5. manned(adj.)→unmanned(反义词)无(需)人操作的 短语归纳 1. at present 现在；目前 2. cooperate with one another 相互合作 3. set foot on the moon 踏上月球 4. photograph other galaxies 拍摄其他星系 5. be curious about …对……好奇 6. build a space station on the moon 在月球上建立一个空间站 7. send a spacecraft to the nearest star 向最近的恒星发射一艘宇宙飞船 金句积累 1. Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，好奇星辰究竟是什么模样。 2. The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans. 对于载人航天飞行而言，造访恒星的挑战会变得愈发艰巨。 3. One idea is to have the astronauts sleep during their journey like some animals do in winter. 一种设想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样。 4. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future so that scientists can cooperate and do more research there. 人们希望在不久的将来能建成月球基地，这样科学家们就能在那里开展合作，进行更多研究。 5. To explore and discover new things and places is part of what makes us human. 探索并发现新的事物与未知之地是我们人性的一部分。 【默写版】 一、词汇巩固 人教版九年级上册作业集 1. 神 n. ____________ 2. 神秘的；奇怪的 adj. ____________ 3. 宇宙飞船 n. ____________ 4. 以防万一 ____________ 5. 板；牌子 n. ____________ 6. 在船(或火车、飞机)上 ____________ 7. 十亿 num. ____________ 8. 万亿；兆 num. ____________ 9. 彻底地；完全地 adv. ____________ 10. 合作；协作 v. ____________ 11. 合作；协作；配合 ____________ 12. 访问；参观(某地) ____________ 13. 星系 n. ____________ 14. 无(需)人操作的 adj. ____________ 15. 技艺；工艺；(pl.)飞行器；船 n. ____________ 16. (航天)飞船 n. ____________ 17. 测绘；民意调查 n. ____________ 18. 人(太)多的；拥挤的 adj. ____________ 19. 操作；运行 v. ____________ 二、单词变形 1. mystery (n.) → ____________ (adj.) 神秘的；奇怪的 2. cooperate (v.) → ____________ (n.) 合作；协作 3. operate (v.) → ____________ (n.) 运转；运行 4. crowd (n.) → ____________ (adj.) 人(太)多的；拥挤的 5. manned (adj.) → ____________ (反义词) 无(需)人操作的 三、短语归纳 1. 现在；目前 ____________ 2. 相互合作 ____________ 3. 踏上月球 ____________ 4. 拍摄其他星系 ____________ 5. 对……好奇 ____________ 6. 在月球上建立一个空间站 ____________ 7. 向最近的恒星发射一艘宇宙飞船 ____________ 四、金句积累 1. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，好奇星辰究竟是什么模样。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 对于载人航天飞行而言，造访恒星的挑战会变得愈发艰巨。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 一种设想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 人们希望在不久的将来能建成月球基地，这样科学家们就能在那里开展合作，进行更多研究。 ______________________________________________________________________ 5. 探索并发现新的事物与未知之地是我们人性的一部分。 ______________________________________________________________________ 能力拓展 一、单项选择 1. The special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried ______ Voyager 1. A. in case B. on board C. at present D. step by step 2. It might take hundreds of thousands of years ______ to the nearest star. A. travel B. travelling C. to travel D. travelled 3. —Why do ancient cultures imagine stars as mysterious worlds? —Because they ______ little about space at that time. A. knew B. know C. will know D. have known 4. One idea is to have astronauts ______ during their journey, just like some animals in winter. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. slept 5. With nations and scientists cooperating with one another, the necessary technology ______ in the future. A. develops B. will develop C. will be developed D. was developed 6. Voyager 1 is very far from Earth, ______ it is still far away from Proxima Centauri. A. so B. but C. or D. because 7. Humans have set ______ on the moon and landed rovers on Mars. A. foot B. feet C. a foot D. the foot 8. ______ is wild to think that humans could travel to other stars in a short time. A. That B. This C. It D. One 9. Proxima Centauri, our nearest star, is about 40 trillion kilometres ______ the earth. A. far B. away from C. far away D. far from 10. Many ancient cultures believed that those points of light in the sky were from gods or ______ mysterious worlds. A. another B. other C. others D. the others 答案与解析 1. B 解析：on board 在（航天器）上；in case 以防万一；at present 目前；step by step 逐步。句意：旅行者1号上面携带一张存有地球声音与图像的特殊唱片。 2. C 解析：固定句型 It takes some time to do sth. 做某事花费多长时间。 3. A 解析：at that time “在那时”，表示过去，用一般过去时knew。 4. A 解析：have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，使役动词have后接动词原形。 5. C 解析：technology和develop是被动关系；in the future 将来，用一般将来时的被动语态 will be developed。 6. B 解析：句意：旅行者1号离地球已经非常遥远，但是距离比邻星依旧很远。表转折用but。 7. A 解析：固定搭配 set foot on 踏上……，foot用单数。 8. C 解析：固定句型 It is + adj. + to do…；it作形式主语，真正主语是后面不定式。 9. B 解析：距离数字 + away from +地点，表示“距离某地有多远”；far不与具体数字连用。 10. B 解析：other +复数名词“其他的……”；another后接单数；others=other+名词，后面不能再接名词；the others特指剩余全部。 二、适当形式填空 1. Voyager 1 ________ (launch) in 1977 and has travelled far into space. 2. Some ancient cultures believed stars were from gods or ________ (mystery) worlds. 3. It is one big challenge for human ________ (visit) the stars one day. 4. With scientists ________ (cooperate) with one another, new space‑tech will come true. 5. People hope that the necessary technology ________ (develop) in the near future. 6. Humans have set foot on the moon and ________ (photograph) other galaxies. 7. The spacecraft is ________ (complete) 23.5 billion kilometres away from our planet. 8. One idea is to have astronauts ________ (sleep) during the long‑time journey. 9. At present, ________ (human) still cannot travel to other stars. 10. It might take hundreds of thousands of years ________ (reach) the nearest star. 答案与解析 1. was launched 解析：Voyager 1和launch是被动；in 1977为过去时间，一般过去时被动。句意：旅行者1号于1977年发射，已经远航至太空深处。 2. mysterious 解析：修饰名词worlds，要用形容词，mystery(n.)→mysterious(adj.神秘的)。 3. to visit 解析：固定句型 It is + n./adj. for sb. to do sth. 不定式作真正主语。 4. cooperating 解析：with + sb. + doing 独立主格结构，表主动含义“科学家互相合作”。 5. will be developed 解析：technology和develop被动；in the near future 一般将来时被动语态。 6. photographed 解析：and并列，和have set foot 共用助动词have，现在完成时，have photographed。 7. completely 解析：副词修饰形容词短语away from，complete(adj.)→completely(adv.完全地)。 8. sleep 解析：have sb. do sth. 使役动词have后接动词原形，“让宇航员休眠”。 9. human beings / humans 解析：此处表示“人类”，用复数形式作主语。 10. to reach 解析：固定句型 It takes some time to do sth. 做某事花费……时间。 三、短文填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 mystery, cooperate, completely, billion, in case, spacecraft, galaxy, launch, human, reach Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered about those 1.________ points of light. The Voyager 1 is the man‑made 2.________ that has travelled furthest from Earth. It was 3.________ in 1977. 4.________ it is found by alien life, a special record with Earth’s sounds and pictures is carried on board. Now it is an amazing 23.5 5.________ kilometres away from Earth, but it still hasn’t 6.________ the nearest star. For 7.________ space travel, time is a huge problem. It might take hundreds of thousands of years to get to another star. However, if nations and scientists keep 8.________ with one another, we may make progress. Humans have set foot on the moon and taken photos of other 9.________. Although we are 10.________ far from visiting stars, we still hold the dream. 参考答案+解析 1. mysterious 形容词修饰名词points of light，神秘的光点 2. spacecraft 航天器；单复数同形 3. launched 一般过去时被动：was launched 被发射 4. In case 连词短语，意为“以防；万一”，句首大写 5. billion 23.5 billion kilometres 235亿千米；有具体数字billion用单数 6. reached 现在完成时hasn’t +过去分词，reach到达 7. human human space travel 人类太空旅行，作定语 8. cooperating keep doing sth 坚持做某事，cooperate with 与……合作 9. galaxies other后接可数名词复数，galaxy的复数galaxies 星系 10. completely 副词修饰形容词far，完全地 语法填空 Since the beginning of 1.________ (human) history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. Voyager 1 is the man‑made spacecraft 2.________ has travelled furthest from Earth. It 3.________ (launch) in 1977. 4.________ case it is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth 5.________ (carry) on board. It is 23.5 billion kilometres away from Earth, but the nearest star Proxima Centauri is still much 6.________ (far) away. For space flights with humans, time is one of the biggest 7.________ (challenge). It might take hundreds of thousands of years 8.________ (reach) another star. One idea is to have astronauts 9.________ (sleep) during their journey. With nations and scientists 10.________ (cooperate) with one another, we hold hope for future space travel. 答案与解析 1. human（实词，形容词作定语） 句意：自人类历史之初，人们仰望星空，想知道星星是什么样子。 解析：括号给出名词human，此处修饰名词history，用形容词含义作定语，human history 人类历史，形式不变。 2. that（虚词，定语从句关系代词） 句意：旅行者1号是从地球飞得最远的人造航天器。 解析：先行词是spacecraft（物），定语从句缺少主语；先行词为物，用关系代词that。 3. was launched（实词：动词，一般过去时被动语态） 句意：它于1977年被发射升空。 解析：主语It指代Voyager 1，航天器是“被发射”，主语和动词launch是被动关系；时间标志in 1977是过去时间。 一般过去时被动结构：was/were + 过去分词；it单数，be动词用was，launch过去分词launched。 4. In（虚词，固定短语连词） 句意：万一外星生命发现了它，一张存有地球声音和图像的特殊唱片搭载在航天器上。 解析：固定短语 in case 意为“以防；万一”，引导条件状语从句；放在句首，首字母必须大写 →In case。 5. is carried（实词：动词，一般现在时被动语态） 句意：……一张存有地球声音和图像的特殊唱片被搭载在航天器上。 解析：主语a special record唱片，唱片是“被搭载”，和carry被动关系；本句讲述客观事实，用一般现在时被动。 一般现在时被动：am/is/are +过去分词；record单数，be动词用is，carry过去分词carried。 6. farther / further（实词：形容词比较级） 句意：它距离地球有235亿千米，但最近的恒星比邻星还要遥远得多。 解析：much 后面必须接形容词/副词比较级，much用来加强程度，意为“……得多”。 far的比较级：farther侧重距离更远；further可表抽象“更进一步”，本句讲太空距离，两者都可以。 7. challenges（实词：名词复数） 句意：对于载人航天飞行来说，时间是最大的挑战之一。 解析：固定句型 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”。 所以名词challenge要变为复数challenges。 8. to reach（实词：非谓语动词，不定式） 句意：抵达另一颗恒星可能需要数十万年。 解析：核心固定句型：It takes + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花费多长时间。 it是形式主语，真正主语是后面动词不定式，所以填to reach。 9. sleep（实词：非谓语，使役动词用法） 句意：一个设想是让宇航员在航行途中休眠。 解析：使役动词have的固定搭配：have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，后面接动词原形。因此直接填sleep。 10. cooperating（实词：非谓语，with复合结构） 句意：有各个国家和科学家互相合作，我们对未来太空旅行抱有希望。 解析：with + 宾语(nations and scientists) + doing，with的独立主格结构。 宾语“国家、科学家”和动作cooperate是主动关系，用现在分词cooperating，表主动、伴随状态。 四、阅读理解 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 For thousands of years, humans have dreamed of travelling far into space. Unmanned spacecraft have already visited many far‑away places, but sending human beings into deep space is much harder. Many people wonder: what difficulties must astronauts face during long‑distance space travel? First of all, the environment in space is terrible. There is no air to breathe. Besides, strong space radiation is dangerous for human bodies. On Earth, our planet’s atmosphere can protect us from most radiation. But in deep space, astronauts are directly exposed to it. Special spacesuits and spaceships can reduce the harm, yet they cannot solve the problem completely. Secondly, weightlessness brings plenty of health troubles. If people stay weightless for months or years, their bones will become weaker and muscles will shrink. Scientists have found that good exercise plans can slow down such bad changes, but there is no perfect way to stop them. Food supply is another big problem. It is impossible to carry enough food for a multi‑year journey. Resupply from Earth also cannot work, because the trip between Earth and deep space takes too long. Some scientists suggest growing fresh vegetables inside the spacecraft. However, building such a farm in space is still a big technical challenge. Though we meet so many difficulties, space scientists never give up. New technology is being researched all over the world. Many countries choose to cooperate instead of working alone. Maybe human beings will take their first real trip to other star systems centuries later. 1. What has already finished according to Paragraph 1? A. Humans have travelled to other star systems. B. Unmanned spacecraft have visited distant space places. C. People have solved all problems for deep‑space travel. D. Astronauts have lived many years in deep space. 2. What protects people on Earth from most space radiation? A. Special spacesuits B. Modern spacecraft C. Earth’s atmosphere D. Medical medicine 3. What does the underlined word “shrink” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. 萎缩；变小 B. 强壮 C. 疼痛 D. 生长 4. Which of the following is the main problem of food supply for long‑distance space travel? A. Astronauts hate space‑grown vegetables. B. We cannot carry enough food and resupply is hard. C. Vegetables cannot get sunlight inside spacecraft. D. Food from Earth tastes terrible in space. 5. What can we know about weightlessness from the text? A. Weightlessness makes astronauts’ bones stronger. B. Exercise can totally stop muscle shrinkage. C. Weightlessness causes many health problems. D. People can stay weightless for years without harm. 答案与解析 1. B【直接细节】 解析：第一段Unmanned spacecraft have already visited many far‑away places无人航天器已经到访很多遥远太空区域。 2. C【细节定位】 解析：第二段On Earth, our planet’s atmosphere can protect us from most radiation.地球大气层帮我们隔绝大部分太空辐射。 3. A【词义猜测】 解析：在失重环境下人的肌肉会“萎缩、变小”。 4. B【间接细节】 解析：第四段，一是无法携带多年旅途足够食物；二是从地球补给耗时太久，行不通。 5. C【细节理解】 解析：第三段weightlessness brings plenty of health troubles失重会带来大量健康问题；A/B/D和原文表述相反。 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Why should humans spend so much time and money exploring space? Some people argue that we have many serious problems on Earth, so space research is a waste of money. However, space exploration brings us huge value in many different ways. First of all, space‑developed technology improves our everyday life. Some small things we use every day were invented for space projects. Memory foam, special water‑purification tools and even some kinds of weather forecast technology all come from space research. These inventions make our life safer and more convenient. Besides, space science helps us know more about our own home‑planet Earth. Satellites high above our heads watch our environment. They record changes of ice caps, forest loss and sea‑level rise. With satellite data, scientists can learn more about climate change and warn people of natural disasters ahead of time. What’s more, space opens new chances for resources. Some minerals exist on the moon or small planets. In the far future, humans might collect these resources for use on Earth. It is also possible that one day humans will build new homes beyond Earth. This could offer a new choice for mankind if our home planet becomes too hard to live on. Above all, exploration is part of human spirits. Throughout history, humans never stop looking for the unknown. We want to answer big questions: Are we alone in the universe? How did the universe begin? Space exploration gives us chances to look for answers. It encourages new generations of young people to love science and keep dreaming. Space exploration will not solve all our earth‑side problems at once. But it brings technology, knowledge, new chances and spiritual power for human beings. 6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the value of space exploration? A. It improves daily‑life technology. B. It helps study Earth’s environment. C. It offers possible new resources. D. It can end world hunger right away. 7. What can we learn from Paragraph 5? A. Exploring unknown things fits human spirits. B. We have already found alien life in space. C. Young people should only study space science. D. Space exploration can solve all universe puzzles. 8. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To tell readers how to become space scientists. B. To explain why human beings carry out space exploration. C. To describe how satellites are produced. D. To show different kinds of planets in the solar system. 9. How is the text organized? A. Opinion‑reasons‑summary B. Story‑examples‑conversations C. Problem‑only solutions D. Time order of space events 10. Which sentence best expresses the central idea of the passage? A. Space exploration brings technology, knowledge, chances and spiritual power for humans. B. We should stop space research and solve earth problems first. C. Humans have already built homes on other planets. D. Satellites can solve every climate problem. 答案与解析 6. D【细节排除题】 解析：文中没有提到太空探索可以立刻终结世界饥饿；其余三项都是文中提到的太空探索价值。 7. A【推理判断】 解析：第五段exploration is part of human spirits. Throughout history, humans never stop looking for the unknown探索未知是人类精神的一部分。B尚未找到外星生命；C表述过于绝对。 8. B【写作目的】 解析：全文解释人类为什么要开展太空探索。 9. A【篇章结构题】 解析：文章先摆出反面观点，之后分点列出多条理由，最后总结。 10. A【主旨句意理解】 解析：文章最后一句点明主旨：太空探索为人类带来技术、知识、机遇与精神力量。 任务型阅读 Tiangong, China’s space station, has drawn worldwide attention since it was completed in 2022. It serves as a long‑term space laboratory circling our planet. Astronauts can live there, carry out all kinds of scientific experiments and do tests for future space travel. Tiangong is made up of several modules. The Tianhe core module works as the main control centre and living space for astronauts. Wentian and Mengtian lab modules are used for different research tasks. Besides, the Xuntian space telescope can work together with Tiangong. It will help scientists watch distant galaxies in deep space. Building Tiangong was full of challenges. Chinese scientists and engineers had to solve many hard problems. For example, they needed to put different parts together in space and get used to huge temperature changes. Lots of hard work and international cooperation made the great project come true. Now research projects from many foreign countries are accepted on Tiangong. China keeps making new space plans. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future. Scientists from different countries will cooperate and do more research there. Exploring and discovering unknown places is part of human nature. We will keep moving forward into space. 任务1 信息摘录（每空不超过3个单词） Item Information Name of China’s space station 1.________ The core module’s job 2.________ and living space Partner telescope of Tiangong 3.________ 任务2 简略回答问题（每题答案不超过8个单词） 4. When was Tiangong completed? ______________________________________________________________________ 5. What will be built in the near future according to China’s space plans? ______________________________________________________________________ 任务3 同义句转换（改写句子，保持句意不变） 6. Lots of hard work and international cooperation made the great project come true. The great project ________ ________ ________ because of lots of hard work and international cooperation. 任务4 句子翻译 7. 来自不同国家的科学家将互相合作，开展更多研究。 ______________________________________________________________________ 任务5 开放主旨问答 8. What is one reason for humans to explore space from the text? ______________________________________________________________________ 答案与解析 任务1 1. Tiangong 解析：原文第一句Tiangong, China’s space station。 2. Main control centre 解析：第二段The Tianhe core module works as the main control centre and living space for astronauts。 3. Xuntian (space telescope) 解析：第二段Besides, the Xuntian space telescope can work together with Tiangong。 任务2 4. In 2022. 解析：原文第一句since it was completed in 2022。（不超过8词） 5. Moon bases. 解析：第四段It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future。 任务3 6. came true 解析：原句made the great project come true（使项目成为现实）；主语the great project作主语，主动语态came true（实现）。 句意：大量艰苦工作与国际合作让这个伟大项目得以实现。 任务4 7. Scientists from different countries will cooperate and do more research. 解析：考点：cooperate（v.合作），do more research（开展更多研究），均为本单元Section‑B核心短语。 任务5（开放题，二选一即可） 参考答案①：To do scientific experiments / research. 参考答案②：Exploring unknown places is part of human nature. 解析：原文结尾句；写出文中任意一条理由即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $九年级上册 Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B 语基夯实 【背诵版】 词汇巩固 1. god n. 神 2. mysterious adj. 神秘的；奇怪的 3. spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船 4. in case 以防万一 5. board n. 板；牌子 6. on board 在船(或火车、飞机)上 7. billion num. 十亿 8. trillion num. 万亿；兆 9. completely adv. 彻底地；完全地 10. cooperate v. 合作；协作 11. cooperate with 合作；协作；配合 12. set foot on 访问；参观(某地) 13. galaxy n. 星系 14. unmanned adj. 无(需)人操作的 15. craft n. 技艺；工艺；(pl.)飞行器；船 16. spaceship n. (航天)飞船 17. survey n. 测绘；民意调查 18. crowded adj. 人(太)多的；拥挤的 19. operate v. 操作；运行 单词变形 1. mystery(n.)→mysterious(adj.)神秘的；奇怪的 2. cooperate(v.)→cooperation(n.)合作；协作 3. operate(v.)→operation(n.)运转；运行 4. crowd(n.)→crowded(adj.)人(太)多的；拥挤的 5. manned(adj.)→unmanned(反义词)无(需)人操作的 短语归纳 1. at present 现在；目前 2. cooperate with one another 相互合作 3. set foot on the moon 踏上月球 4. photograph other galaxies 拍摄其他星系 5. be curious about …对……好奇 6. build a space station on the moon 在月球上建立一个空间站 7. send a spacecraft to the nearest star 向最近的恒星发射一艘宇宙飞船 金句积累 1. Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，好奇星辰究竟是什么模样。 2. The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans. 对于载人航天飞行而言，造访恒星的挑战会变得愈发艰巨。 3. One idea is to have the astronauts sleep during their journey like some animals do in winter. 一种设想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样。 4. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future so that scientists can cooperate and do more research there. 人们希望在不久的将来能建成月球基地，这样科学家们就能在那里开展合作，进行更多研究。 5. To explore and discover new things and places is part of what makes us human. 探索并发现新的事物与未知之地是我们人性的一部分。 【默写版】 一、词汇巩固 人教版九年级上册作业集 1. 神 n. ____________ 2. 神秘的；奇怪的 adj. ____________ 3. 宇宙飞船 n. ____________ 4. 以防万一 ____________ 5. 板；牌子 n. ____________ 6. 在船(或火车、飞机)上 ____________ 7. 十亿 num. ____________ 8. 万亿；兆 num. ____________ 9. 彻底地；完全地 adv. ____________ 10. 合作；协作 v. ____________ 11. 合作；协作；配合 ____________ 12. 访问；参观(某地) ____________ 13. 星系 n. ____________ 14. 无(需)人操作的 adj. ____________ 15. 技艺；工艺；(pl.)飞行器；船 n. ____________ 16. (航天)飞船 n. ____________ 17. 测绘；民意调查 n. ____________ 18. 人(太)多的；拥挤的 adj. ____________ 19. 操作；运行 v. ____________ 二、单词变形 1. mystery (n.) → ____________ (adj.) 神秘的；奇怪的 2. cooperate (v.) → ____________ (n.) 合作；协作 3. operate (v.) → ____________ (n.) 运转；运行 4. crowd (n.) → ____________ (adj.) 人(太)多的；拥挤的 5. manned (adj.) → ____________ (反义词) 无(需)人操作的 三、短语归纳 1. 现在；目前 ____________ 2. 相互合作 ____________ 3. 踏上月球 ____________ 4. 拍摄其他星系 ____________ 5. 对……好奇 ____________ 6. 在月球上建立一个空间站 ____________ 7. 向最近的恒星发射一艘宇宙飞船 ____________ 四、金句积累 1. 自人类历史伊始，人们便仰望星空，好奇星辰究竟是什么模样。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2. 对于载人航天飞行而言，造访恒星的挑战会变得愈发艰巨。 ______________________________________________________________________ 3. 一种设想是让宇航员在航行途中进入休眠状态，就像一些动物在冬季冬眠一样。 ______________________________________________________________________ 4. 人们希望在不久的将来能建成月球基地，这样科学家们就能在那里开展合作，进行更多研究。 ______________________________________________________________________ 5. 探索并发现新的事物与未知之地是我们人性的一部分。 ______________________________________________________________________ 能力拓展 一、单项选择 1. The special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried ______ Voyager 1. A. in case B. on board C. at present D. step by step 2. It might take hundreds of thousands of years ______ to the nearest star. A. travel B. travelling C. to travel D. travelled 3. —Why do ancient cultures imagine stars as mysterious worlds? —Because they ______ little about space at that time. A. knew B. know C. will know D. have known 4. One idea is to have astronauts ______ during their journey, just like some animals in winter. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. slept 5. With nations and scientists cooperating with one another, the necessary technology ______ in the future. A. develops B. will develop C. will be developed D. was developed 6. Voyager 1 is very far from Earth, ______ it is still far away from Proxima Centauri. A. so B. but C. or D. because 7. Humans have set ______ on the moon and landed rovers on Mars. A. foot B. feet C. a foot D. the foot 8. ______ is wild to think that humans could travel to other stars in a short time. A. That B. This C. It D. One 9. Proxima Centauri, our nearest star, is about 40 trillion kilometres ______ the earth. A. far B. away from C. far away D. far from 10. Many ancient cultures believed that those points of light in the sky were from gods or ______ mysterious worlds. A. another B. other C. others D. the others 二、适当形式填空 1. Voyager 1 ________ (launch) in 1977 and has travelled far into space. 2. Some ancient cultures believed stars were from gods or ________ (mystery) worlds. 3. It is one big challenge for human ________ (visit) the stars one day. 4. With scientists ________ (cooperate) with one another, new space‑tech will come true. 5. People hope that the necessary technology ________ (develop) in the near future. 6. Humans have set foot on the moon and ________ (photograph) other galaxies. 7. The spacecraft is ________ (complete) 23.5 billion kilometres away from our planet. 8. One idea is to have astronauts ________ (sleep) during the long‑time journey. 9. At present, ________ (human) still cannot travel to other stars. 10. It might take hundreds of thousands of years ________ (reach) the nearest star. 三、短文填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 mystery, cooperate, completely, billion, in case, spacecraft, galaxy, launch, human, reach Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered about those 1.________ points of light. The Voyager 1 is the man‑made 2.________ that has travelled furthest from Earth. It was 3.________ in 1977. 4.________ it is found by alien life, a special record with Earth’s sounds and pictures is carried on board. Now it is an amazing 23.5 5.________ kilometres away from Earth, but it still hasn’t 6.________ the nearest star. For 7.________ space travel, time is a huge problem. It might take hundreds of thousands of years to get to another star. However, if nations and scientists keep 8.________ with one another, we may make progress. Humans have set foot on the moon and taken photos of other 9.________. Although we are 10.________ far from visiting stars, we still hold the dream. 语法填空 Since the beginning of 1.________ (human) history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like. Voyager 1 is the man‑made spacecraft 2.________ has travelled furthest from Earth. It 3.________ (launch) in 1977. 4.________ case it is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth 5.________ (carry) on board. It is 23.5 billion kilometres away from Earth, but the nearest star Proxima Centauri is still much 6.________ (far) away. For space flights with humans, time is one of the biggest 7.________ (challenge). It might take hundreds of thousands of years 8.________ (reach) another star. One idea is to have astronauts 9.________ (sleep) during their journey. With nations and scientists 10.________ (cooperate) with one another, we hold hope for future space travel. 四、阅读理解 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 For thousands of years, humans have dreamed of travelling far into space. Unmanned spacecraft have already visited many far‑away places, but sending human beings into deep space is much harder. Many people wonder: what difficulties must astronauts face during long‑distance space travel? First of all, the environment in space is terrible. There is no air to breathe. Besides, strong space radiation is dangerous for human bodies. On Earth, our planet’s atmosphere can protect us from most radiation. But in deep space, astronauts are directly exposed to it. Special spacesuits and spaceships can reduce the harm, yet they cannot solve the problem completely. Secondly, weightlessness brings plenty of health troubles. If people stay weightless for months or years, their bones will become weaker and muscles will shrink. Scientists have found that good exercise plans can slow down such bad changes, but there is no perfect way to stop them. Food supply is another big problem. It is impossible to carry enough food for a multi‑year journey. Resupply from Earth also cannot work, because the trip between Earth and deep space takes too long. Some scientists suggest growing fresh vegetables inside the spacecraft. However, building such a farm in space is still a big technical challenge. Though we meet so many difficulties, space scientists never give up. New technology is being researched all over the world. Many countries choose to cooperate instead of working alone. Maybe human beings will take their first real trip to other star systems centuries later. 1. What has already finished according to Paragraph 1? A. Humans have travelled to other star systems. B. Unmanned spacecraft have visited distant space places. C. People have solved all problems for deep‑space travel. D. Astronauts have lived many years in deep space. 2. What protects people on Earth from most space radiation? A. Special spacesuits B. Modern spacecraft C. Earth’s atmosphere D. Medical medicine 3. What does the underlined word “shrink” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. 萎缩；变小 B. 强壮 C. 疼痛 D. 生长 4. Which of the following is the main problem of food supply for long‑distance space travel? A. Astronauts hate space‑grown vegetables. B. We cannot carry enough food and resupply is hard. C. Vegetables cannot get sunlight inside spacecraft. D. Food from Earth tastes terrible in space. 5. What can we know about weightlessness from the text? A. Weightlessness makes astronauts’ bones stronger. B. Exercise can totally stop muscle shrinkage. C. Weightlessness causes many health problems. D. People can stay weightless for years without harm. 阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Why should humans spend so much time and money exploring space? Some people argue that we have many serious problems on Earth, so space research is a waste of money. However, space exploration brings us huge value in many different ways. First of all, space‑developed technology improves our everyday life. Some small things we use every day were invented for space projects. Memory foam, special water‑purification tools and even some kinds of weather forecast technology all come from space research. These inventions make our life safer and more convenient. Besides, space science helps us know more about our own home‑planet Earth. Satellites high above our heads watch our environment. They record changes of ice caps, forest loss and sea‑level rise. With satellite data, scientists can learn more about climate change and warn people of natural disasters ahead of time. What’s more, space opens new chances for resources. Some minerals exist on the moon or small planets. In the far future, humans might collect these resources for use on Earth. It is also possible that one day humans will build new homes beyond Earth. This could offer a new choice for mankind if our home planet becomes too hard to live on. Above all, exploration is part of human spirits. Throughout history, humans never stop looking for the unknown. We want to answer big questions: Are we alone in the universe? How did the universe begin? Space exploration gives us chances to look for answers. It encourages new generations of young people to love science and keep dreaming. Space exploration will not solve all our earth‑side problems at once. But it brings technology, knowledge, new chances and spiritual power for human beings. 6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the value of space exploration? A. It improves daily‑life technology. B. It helps study Earth’s environment. C. It offers possible new resources. D. It can end world hunger right away. 7. What can we learn from Paragraph 5? A. Exploring unknown things fits human spirits. B. We have already found alien life in space. C. Young people should only study space science. D. Space exploration can solve all universe puzzles. 8. What is the main purpose of this article? A. To tell readers how to become space scientists. B. To explain why human beings carry out space exploration. C. To describe how satellites are produced. D. To show different kinds of planets in the solar system. 9. How is the text organized? A. Opinion‑reasons‑summary B. Story‑examples‑conversations C. Problem‑only solutions D. Time order of space events 10. Which sentence best expresses the central idea of the passage? A. Space exploration brings technology, knowledge, chances and spiritual power for humans. B. We should stop space research and solve earth problems first. C. Humans have already built homes on other planets. D. Satellites can solve every climate problem. 任务型阅读 Tiangong, China’s space station, has drawn worldwide attention since it was completed in 2022. It serves as a long‑term space laboratory circling our planet. Astronauts can live there, carry out all kinds of scientific experiments and do tests for future space travel. Tiangong is made up of several modules. The Tianhe core module works as the main control centre and living space for astronauts. Wentian and Mengtian lab modules are used for different research tasks. Besides, the Xuntian space telescope can work together with Tiangong. It will help scientists watch distant galaxies in deep space. Building Tiangong was full of challenges. Chinese scientists and engineers had to solve many hard problems. For example, they needed to put different parts together in space and get used to huge temperature changes. Lots of hard work and international cooperation made the great project come true. Now research projects from many foreign countries are accepted on Tiangong. China keeps making new space plans. It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future. Scientists from different countries will cooperate and do more research there. Exploring and discovering unknown places is part of human nature. We will keep moving forward into space. 任务1 信息摘录（每空不超过3个单词） Item Information Name of China’s space station 1.________ The core module’s job 2.________ and living space Partner telescope of Tiangong 3.________ 任务2 简略回答问题（每题答案不超过8个单词） 4. When was Tiangong completed? ______________________________________________________________________ 5. What will be built in the near future according to China’s space plans? ______________________________________________________________________ 任务3 同义句转换（改写句子，保持句意不变） 6. Lots of hard work and international cooperation made the great project come true. The great project ________ ________ ________ because of lots of hard work and international cooperation. 任务4 句子翻译 7. 来自不同国家的科学家将互相合作，开展更多研究。 ______________________________________________________________________ 任务5 开放主旨问答 8. What is one reason for humans to explore space from the text? ______________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $