2027届上海市高考英语第一次模拟考试试卷

绝密★考试结束前 2027年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Facing Danger It was a warm winter’s day in South Africa and I planned to go surfing. The area of beach I went to is famous among surfers for its powerful waves and popularity with sharks. After a while my brother and some of my friends got out of the water 1 they felt uneasy. There was the smell of fish in the air, 2 can attract sharks. A few of us stayed. Finally, I saw my first big wave, but as I was about to hit it, two great white sharks 3 (attack) me. It happened so quickly. One shark hit me, 4 (throw) me into the air; in a split second, it dragged me under the water. The shock stopped me from feeling pain. Under the water, 5 shark went for my head and shoulders but missed. Perhaps 6 (surprise) by the competition, the first shark lost its grasp on me and the next thing I knew was 7 I was staring a shark straight in the face. It stared back at me for a few moments. Its mouth was wide open; I could see huge teeth and dark black eyes. After it passed, I swam to the surface as fast as I could. When I got there, I saw my surfboard lying in front of me. As I climbed on, I saw that my right hand was hanging off. I 8 (lose) blood quickly. When surfing, there is always the fear in the back of your mind of sharks. Now it was real. I was shaking, crying and panicking, realizing that I could die. I tried all my hardest to swim back to the shore. Eventually, I made it to dry land. I felt relief. Someone tied my arm 9 (slow) the bleeding and my brother rushed me to the hospital. The surgeon managed to save my fingers. That day changed my life, but it hasn’t stopped me from surfing. I started a surfing school to teach the sport to others. I was 10 (afraid) of sharks before my attack. Now I’m just grateful to be alive. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．achievement   B．clients    C． construction  D．demonstrates  E. inspired F. integrated     G. privacy   H. philosophy    I. respecting     J. self-sustain  K.shades   Cool Schools in Burkina Faso If architects are people who like to think their way around challenges, building schools in Burkina Faso must be the dream job. The challenges are many: high temperatures, limited funds, scarce materials, and 11 young and in need of protection. Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, who grew up in the village of Gando, knows these difficulties well. He and others, such as Albert Faus, have found innovative ways to use cheap, local materials to make schools and orphanage (孤儿院) cool and welcoming places without air conditioning. Kéré, who won the Pritzker Prize in 2022, has often said that his work is 12 by his community, which once raised money to support his education. His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001, combined local clay and traditional techniques with modern ideas. The villagers themselves took part in 13 , creating a structure that was comfortable even under the hot sun. Another of Kéré’s works, the Noomdo Orphanage near Koudougou, 14 his creative approach. The building provides temperature comfort — cool in heat and warm in cold — without needing air conditioning. Its design uses thick walls and light roofs so cool air flows in and hot air escapes. One key innovation is the raised and extended metal roof, which 15 the structure and lets hot air out, inspired by Persian Gulf architecture but given a modern form. The orphanage’s semicircular design also ensures 16 and safety, separating dormitories for boys and girls and creating calm, protected spaces for children. Architect Albert Faus’s Bangre Veenem school complex in Youlou follows a similar 17 . Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool while 18 traditional beliefs and sacred sites. The red bricks are strong, beautiful, and made by local workers. The school runs from nursery to high school, and students enjoy a comfortable environment that enhances concentration and learning. Solar panels provide electricity, allowing students to study and charge their phones at night — no small 19 in a country where only 22.5% of the population has electricity. Both Kéré and Faus prove that architecture in Burkina Faso can 20 through community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design. Their buildings not only meet environmental and economic challenges but also inspire pride and hope in education and community life. II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones has revolutionized how people experience sound, offering a sense of peace in an increasingly noisy world. However, concerns are 21 about whether prolonged use of these devices may be linked to auditory (听觉的) processing issues, particularly among young people. One such case is Sophie, a 25-year-old assistant from London, who was diagnosed with auditory processing disorder (APD) after 22 to comprehend sounds in everyday environments. Despite having normal hearing, she often found herself unable to 23 the source of a noise in crowded places. Sophie, like many young people, regularly wears noise-cancelling headphones for up to five hours a day, leading her audiologist to question whether 24 reliance on these devices may have contributed to her condition. APD is a neurological (神经的) disorder in which the brain finds it hard to 25 sound, even when hearing function is normal. It is commonly found in individuals who have suffered a brain injury, or experienced middle-ear infections as children. 26 , a growing number of cases do not fit these traditional categories, causing audiologists to investigate whether 27 factors, such as noise-cancelling headphones, could be influencing auditory development. The issue is becoming more 28 , with multiple NHS audiology departments in the UK reporting an increase in young people seeking help for hearing difficulties. Experts suggest that prolonged use of noise-cancelling headphones may create a “false auditory environment”, conditioning the brain to 29 background noise entirely rather than learning to manage and process it. This can make it difficult for individuals to distinguish relevant sounds in real-world 30 , such as conversations in crowded rooms or alarms in public spaces. Claire Benton, vice-president of the British Academy of Audiology, warns that high-level listening skills continue developing into the late teens, and if young people primarily rely on noise isolation during this critical period, it could potentially 31 their ability to process speech and noise effectively. Despite these concerns, noise-cancelling headphones are not without 32 . Their ability to reduce 33 to harmful high-frequency sounds can protect long-term hearing health, and they are particularly valuable for individuals who experience anxiety in noisy environments. However, experts recommend limiting headphone usage, combining background noise into daily life, and 34 auditory training exercises to strengthen the brain’s natural sound-processing abilities. While noise-cancelling headphones are not 35 proven to cause APD, their overuse may contribute to weakened auditory processing skills, making it harder for individuals to adapt to real-world sound environments. As technology continues to shape the way people interact with sound, striking a balance between noise control and auditory stimulation will be essential in maintaining healthy hearing and cognitive processing. 21．A．persisting B．growing C．fading D．varying 22．A．pretending B．managing C．struggling D．learning 23．A．rate B．revise C．employ D．identify 24．A．unreasonable B．uncritical C．medical D．mental 25．A．perceive B．release C．balance D．reflect 26．A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Otherwise 27．A．structural B．external C．moral D．historical 28．A．technical B．minor C．apparent D．systemic 29．A．filter out B．adapt to C．rely on D．turn into 30．A．schedules B．settings C．devices D．diagrams 31．A．postpone B．restore C．improve D．measure 32．A．options B．risks C．standards D．benefits 33．A．resistance B．reaction C．exposure D．sensitivity 34．A．calling off B．sorting out C．engaging in D．applying for 35．A．awkwardly B．hesitantly C．flexibly D．conclusively Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A All Miss Price had been told about the new boy was that he’d spent most of his life in some kind of orphanage, and that the gray-haired “aunt and uncle” with whom he now lived were really foster parents (养父母), paid by the Welfare Department of the City of New York. A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade. He arrived early and sat in the back row, his backbone very straight, his ankles crossed precisely under the desk and his hands folded on the center of its top, and while the other children were filling in, he received a long, expressionless stare from each of them. “We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City. I know we’ll all do our best to make him feel at home.” This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other. Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it. Even if you could ignore his twisted black hair and gray skin, his clothes would have given him away: ridiculously new pants, ridiculously old sports shoes and a yellow sweatshirt, much too small, with the faded remains of a Mickey Mouse design stamped on its chest. The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles. This was the kind of kid they were accustomed to thinking of as “tough,” the kind whose stare has made all of them uncomfortable at one time or another in unfamiliar neighborhoods; here was a unique chance for revenge. 36．What can you learn about Miss Price and Vincent from the first two paragraphs? A．Since nobody had ever seen Vincent’s parents, he now lived all by himself. B．Miss Price knew Vincent so well that she’d like to focus every bit of attention on him. C．Miss Price didn’t know much about Vincent, but that didn’t stop her wanting to care about him. D．Vincent sat in the back row so as not to arouse any unnecessary attention caused by his late arrival. 37．Why does the author mention “New York” in the third and the fourth paragraphs? A．To illustrate Vincent’s distant origin. B．To demonstrate children’s desire to go to see their fathers. C．To emphasize Vincent’s low social status from his shabby clothes. D．To state a certain distinction between Vincent and people’s imagination. 38．Which of the following words can best describe Vincent? A．Devoted but shy. B．Nervous and uneasy. C．Untalkative and tough. D．Sensitive but unfortunate. 39．What can you infer from the text about Vincent’s new classmates? A．They were either unconcerned or unfriendly toward him. B．They used to consider people like Vincent to be very tough. C．They barely noticed the new boy sitting in the back of the classroom. D．They were very curious about the newcomer in a kind and considerate manner. B Spark your imagination Creative writing can help your mental health. Most of us enjoy stories — whether it's reading an interesting book, listening to a friend tell a joke or watching a plot unfold on television. Did you know that writing stories is actually good for you, too? On 23 June it is National Writing Day, an annual celebration of creative writing. It's also a chance to understand the benefits of creative writing and using your imagination.What is creative writing?     Creative writing is based on your imagination — fiction and poetry are good examples. Fiction is written work that describes imaginary events and people. Fiction can include novels and short stories. However, these aren't the only forms of creative writing. Scripts (for a play, film or TV show); fan fiction (when readers write stories inspired by their favourite characters); and song lyrics count. Is it really good for me? Many people find creative writing cathartic, which means they feel relief because they're releasing thoughts and emotions that they've kept bottled up. According to the Anna Freud Centre for Children and Families, writing about a character's feelings can make it easier to understand your own feelings. They also say that creative writing can be useful tool for self-care. Another benefit of creative writing is that it can boost your self-esteem (how positive you feel about yourself). It can help you realize that your voice is important and powerful. Children's author Mark Haddon says,”It's more than learning a skill. It's about learning that you, your family, your culture and your view of the world are rich and interesting and important.”The power of imagination     For many people, creative writing offers a “time out”or escape from real life, including their problems and worries. This space can help you to think more positively about a problem you might have, or simply allow you to escape to a magical, make-believe world. National Writing Day:How do I take part?   Antonla Byatt from First Story, the charity behind National Writing Day, explains, “This year's National Writing Day activity challenges everyone to fill a box with a piece of creative writing, such as a poem, a letter or story, exploring the theme of connection. Once you've finished writing, share your words with another person to create a thread of connection. Your voice is powerful. Use it on National Writing Day, and beyond.” You can find ideas and free resources at firststory.org.uk/writeday Need some ideas? On National Writing Day 2023 the #247 Challenge asked people to write a 24-word story on poem starting with the phrase “One day”. Here are two entries from schools. One day, on the outskirts of town. a cardboard box was shrouded in an eerie mist. I waited for the untold horrors to unravel.                           Dixons McMilan Academy, Bradford One day, Schools will be open. hearts that were broken, normality will be awoken. all that was broken, one day, all will be solved. Nonsuch High School, Sutton 40．The passage is mainly intended to A．introduce the founder of National Writing Day B．highlight the influence of National Writing Day C．explain the theme of this year's National Writing Day D．encourage people to take part in National Writing Day 41．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of creative writing? A．It involves just fiction and poem writing. B．It leads to a deep insight into your feelings. C．It gives you solutions to real-life problems D．It enables you to respect other people's work. 42．What can be found at the website of firststory.org.uk/writeday? A．The inspiration for your own work. B．The works of previous prize winners. C．The person you can share your writing with. D．The introduction to some creative writing courses. C If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger. However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths? According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings. This labeling process, they maintain, could make all the difference when it comes to settling back down and putting the mind back at rest. To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an “emotion induction (引导)” treatment. Participants read a story that was intended to cause a negative emotion such as a hit-and-run car accident or the death of your dog. The sample included 29 participants with diagnosed BPD who were age- and sex-matched with healthy controls, and they ranged in age from 18 to 60. To examine the effect of labeling, Varma asked their participants to type their current emotional states into a computer, choosing from a set they saw on the screen. They could use the same word multiple times if they wished. If indeed people with BPD have difficulty labeling their emotions, then this fault should have been reflected in their ability to return to baseline (起点) after the negative emotion induction. However, the findings surprisingly ran counter to the research team’s expectations: People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions. Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect. Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions. When you’re starting down the pathway of experiencing a negative emotion, you can benefit by applying an accurate label to that emotion as opposed to holding it back or calling it something else. This can potentially prevent engagement in destructive behaviors that may function to downregulate emotion such as self-harm. To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction. 43．According to paragraph 1 and 2, people with BPD _________. A．may be good at labeling bodily feelings B．may lose their temper easily and suddenly C．encounter problems in every aspect of their life D．have emotional strengths like emotion regulation 44．The underlined phrase “tease apart” (Para 3, Line 1) is closest in meaning to _________. A．identify B．combine C．emphasize D．dominate 45．What can be inferred from Varma’s experiment? A．Negative emotions affect the ability to reflect. B．Healthy controls excel at regulating their mental state. C．Rich expressions contribute to psychological stability. D．People with BPD met the research team’s expectations. 46．What is the passage mainly about? A．A new pathway of regulating emotions. B．A method of consciously labeling emotions. C．An unexpected strength of people with BPD． D．An involuntary reaction to people with BPD． Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Can You Really Live One Day at a Time? This summer, I reread the novel “Aurora”, by Kim Stanley Robinson. Robinson has an ecological orientation, and “Aurora” is basically a book about how we fit into nature. It ends on a beach, with an extended description of swimming in big waves. It’s early morning, and the waves, as they rise, “turn a deep translucent green.” 47 . Freya discovers that she can dive under an approaching wave and shoot up when it has passed; that she can swim fast up waves that are about to break; and that she can surf. Freya swims under, over, and along the waves, one after another. Each wave is its own event, difficult or ideal, but collectively they chain together in a soothing rhythm. Sometimes she has to rush to handle a fast set of waves, but such moments are rare. 48 . It’s a little miraculous that something as powerful as the sea can be, in some sense, predictable. 49 . At painful moments, time can drag with painful slowness; when the pressure rises, it accelerates. I find that the end of summer is a period in which time seems to go faster. There are strategies for regularizing time, all of which are familiar. One possibility is to control it through planning, using calendars, lists, and so on, which encourage us to see the march of time objectively. Another is to try “living in the moment” — a way of giving every unit of time its due. Over the past few years, I’ve discovered that my preferred solution is to live one day at a time. A day is wavelike. 50 . You can dive beneath it, or struggle up its face, or try to surf it, or get slammed by it, but then another day comes, and another. We can usefully organize our experience by approaching it in terms of days. Take it a day at a time — the thought alone does something. A．Each one comes forward with its own particular character. B．The color seems to be a gentle whisper from the ocean depths, a secret message carried by the morning tide. C．Freya, the novel’s heroine, has never swum in the ocean, and over the course of the morning. She learns how. D．In ordinary life, by contrast, the flow of time often feels irregular. E．Just like in life, where difficulties may suddenly arise at unexpected moments. F．Most of the time, she can navigate the wave in front of her, and then turn to the next. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ice Cream Innovation Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer’s day? This traditional treat is centuries old, but our tastes and consumer habits are evolving. How is the ice cream production process changing, and who is driving this change? Making ice cream is a time-consuming process. While the recipe is simple, getting the balance right between ice, fat and air is important if the ice cream is to have the right texture. To achieve this, the ingredients need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen-a process that takes time and uses a lot of energy. Designers and engineers are working to improve the production process with new specialized equipment to make it increasingly automated. For now, however, even with the help of robots and 3D printers, it can take up to two years from testing a new frozen dessert product to it being available to consumers. And demand is only going up. According to statistics, more than 25 billion litres of ice cream were eaten worldwide in 2021. While the US and China are the biggest consumers, data shows that people in the UK bought 28%more ice cream during the UK’s record-breaking summer compared to a year earlier. Clearly, rising temperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, but it’s not the only explanation. The pandemic has seen people reaching for pleasures they can enjoy at home, which include eating indulgent(纵容的) foods. So, what new things can we expect? Dairy still dominates, but plant-based ice cream and low-calorie choices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market. But, according to Elsebeth Baungaard, the next global trend will be less about innovation and more about portion size “I’m sorry to say it’s simply shrinking”, she says. “But the quality will be higher.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．你大兴土木纪念亡母没有必要。（point）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 53．需要什么能进入下一轮面试？ （qualify）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 54．旅行的意义不在于朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞，而在于从每日常规中挣脱出来，重新掌控自己生活的节奏。(not...but...) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 55．机器人与人类选手肩并肩冲过半程马拉松终点线，在那一瞬间，人们欢呼雀跃，庆祝这一象征科技进步的历史性突破。 (The instant) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 七、书信写作 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是风华中学高三学生李华。你所在的学校“创意社团(the Creative Society)”正在策划一项面向大宁社区青年的推广活动(a promotion campaign)，现有三个备选项目： ① 推广一个城市漫步主题路线(a Citywalk theme route)； ② 推广一个“旧物改造”环保工作坊(an “Upcycling” environmental workshop)； ③ 推广一个社区“技能交换”平台(a community “Skill Swap” platform)。 请你给社团委员会(the Society Board)写一封信，提交你的想法。信中必须包含： 1. 你选择推广的一个项目； 2. 你选择该项目的理由； 3. 你的详细推广计划。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2027年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Facing Danger It was a warm winter’s day in South Africa and I planned to go surfing. The area of beach I went to is famous among surfers for its powerful waves and popularity with sharks. After a while my brother and some of my friends got out of the water 1 they felt uneasy. There was the smell of fish in the air, 2 can attract sharks. A few of us stayed. Finally, I saw my first big wave, but as I was about to hit it, two great white sharks 3 (attack) me. It happened so quickly. One shark hit me, 4 (throw) me into the air; in a split second, it dragged me under the water. The shock stopped me from feeling pain. Under the water, 5 shark went for my head and shoulders but missed. Perhaps 6 (surprise) by the competition, the first shark lost its grasp on me and the next thing I knew was 7 I was staring a shark straight in the face. It stared back at me for a few moments. Its mouth was wide open; I could see huge teeth and dark black eyes. After it passed, I swam to the surface as fast as I could. When I got there, I saw my surfboard lying in front of me. As I climbed on, I saw that my right hand was hanging off. I 8 (lose) blood quickly. When surfing, there is always the fear in the back of your mind of sharks. Now it was real. I was shaking, crying and panicking, realizing that I could die. I tried all my hardest to swim back to the shore. Eventually, I made it to dry land. I felt relief. Someone tied my arm 9 (slow) the bleeding and my brother rushed me to the hospital. The surgeon managed to save my fingers. That day changed my life, but it hasn’t stopped me from surfing. I started a surfing school to teach the sport to others. I was 10 (afraid) of sharks before my attack. Now I’m just grateful to be alive. 【答案】 1．because/since/as 2．which 3．attacked 4．throwing 5．the other 6．surprised 7．that 8．was losing 9．to slow 10．more afraid 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了南非一男子在知名冲浪海滩冲浪时，因鱼腥味引来两只大白鲨袭击，右手重伤失血，幸得及时救治保住手指，此次经历未阻止他冲浪，反而让他感恩生命并开办冲浪学校。 【详解】1．考查状语从句。句意：过了一会儿，我的哥哥和我的一些朋友从水里出来了，因为他们感到不安。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because/since/as。故填because/since/as。 2．考查定语从句。句意：空气中弥漫着鱼的气味，这种气味可能会吸引鲨鱼。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词smell，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 3．考查时态。句意：最后，我看到了第一股巨大的海浪，但就在我要冲向那股浪的时候，两条大白鲨突然向我冲来。根据上文saw可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填attacked。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：一条鲨鱼猛地咬向我，把我甩向空中；转眼间，它又把我拖回了水下。此处shark与throw构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填throwing。 5．考查代词。句意：在水下，另一条鲨鱼向我的头部和肩膀扑来，但没有咬到。前文提到“two great white sharks”，此处特指“另一只鲨鱼”，用the other（两者中的另一个）。故填the other。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：或许是因为感受到了竞争的压力，第一条鲨鱼突然松开了我，紧接着我便发现自己正直直地面对着一条鲨鱼。此处surprise与shark构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填surprised。 7．考查表语从句。句意：或许是因为感受到了竞争的压力，第一条鲨鱼突然松开了我，紧接着我便发现自己正直直地面对着一条鲨鱼。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故填that。 8．考查时态。句意：我流血速度很快。此处强调“当时正在快速失血”的持续状态，用过去进行时，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was losing。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：有人把我的胳膊绑起来以减缓出血速度，我的哥哥赶紧把我送到了医院。此处slow作目的状语，用不定式。故填to slow。 10．考查比较级。句意：在那次遭遇鲨鱼袭击之前，我对鲨鱼更害怕。根据后文before my attack可知为比较关系，在前面加more。故填more afraid。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．achievement   B．clients    C． construction  D．demonstrates  E. inspired F. integrated     G. privacy   H. philosophy    I. respecting     J. self-sustain  K.shades   Cool Schools in Burkina Faso If architects are people who like to think their way around challenges, building schools in Burkina Faso must be the dream job. The challenges are many: high temperatures, limited funds, scarce materials, and 11 young and in need of protection. Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, who grew up in the village of Gando, knows these difficulties well. He and others, such as Albert Faus, have found innovative ways to use cheap, local materials to make schools and orphanage (孤儿院) cool and welcoming places without air conditioning. Kéré, who won the Pritzker Prize in 2022, has often said that his work is 12 by his community, which once raised money to support his education. His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001, combined local clay and traditional techniques with modern ideas. The villagers themselves took part in 13 , creating a structure that was comfortable even under the hot sun. Another of Kéré’s works, the Noomdo Orphanage near Koudougou, 14 his creative approach. The building provides temperature comfort — cool in heat and warm in cold — without needing air conditioning. Its design uses thick walls and light roofs so cool air flows in and hot air escapes. One key innovation is the raised and extended metal roof, which 15 the structure and lets hot air out, inspired by Persian Gulf architecture but given a modern form. The orphanage’s semicircular design also ensures 16 and safety, separating dormitories for boys and girls and creating calm, protected spaces for children. Architect Albert Faus’s Bangre Veenem school complex in Youlou follows a similar 17 . Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool while 18 traditional beliefs and sacred sites. The red bricks are strong, beautiful, and made by local workers. The school runs from nursery to high school, and students enjoy a comfortable environment that enhances concentration and learning. Solar panels provide electricity, allowing students to study and charge their phones at night — no small 19 in a country where only 22.5% of the population has electricity. Both Kéré and Faus prove that architecture in Burkina Faso can 20 through community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design. Their buildings not only meet environmental and economic challenges but also inspire pride and hope in education and community life. 【答案】 11．B 12．E 13．C 14．D 15．K 16．G 17．H 18．I 19．A 20．J 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了建筑师Diébédo Francis Kéré和Albert Faus在布基纳法索，利用当地廉价材料、结合创新设计建造凉爽舒适的学校和孤儿院，展现了可持续建筑理念及其意义。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：挑战有很多：高温、资金有限、材料稀缺，还有需要保护的年轻客户。空处与high temperatures、limited funds等并列，作表语，结合后文young and in need of protection可知，名词clients（客户；受助者）符合语境，此处指需要保护的年轻受助群体。故选B。 12．考查动词。句意：2022年普利兹克奖得主Kéré经常说，他的作品受到了社区的启发，这个社区曾经筹款支持他的教育。空处作谓语，与is构成被动语态，结合which once raised money to support his education可知，他的作品被社区的善举启发，动词inspired（启发）的过去分词形式符合题意。故选E。 13．考查名词。句意：村民们亲自参与建造，打造出即使在烈日下也很舒适的建筑。空处作take part in的宾语，结合前文His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001可知，此处指村民参与学校的建造，名词construction（建造）符合题意。故选C。 14．考查动词。句意：Kéré的另一作品——库杜古附近的努姆多孤儿院，展示了他富有创意的方法。文章整体为一般现在时，空处作谓语，主语the Noomdo Orphanage为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，结合后文对孤儿院设计的介绍，可知该作品展示了他的设计方法，动词demonstrates（展示）符合题意。故选D。 15．考查动词。句意：一个关键的创新是升高且延伸的金属屋顶，它为建筑遮挡阳光并排出热气，其灵感来自波斯湾建筑，但采用了现代形式。空处作谓语，主语the raised and extended metal roof为单数，结合常识，屋顶的作用是遮挡阳光，动词shades符合题意。故选K。 16．考查名词。句意：孤儿院的半圆形设计还确保了隐私和安全，将男孩和女孩的宿舍分开，并为孩子们创造了安静、受保护的空间。空处与safety并列，作ensures的宾语，结合separating dormitories for boys and girls可知，分开宿舍是为了保证隐私，名词privacy（隐私）符合题意。故选G。 17．考查名词。句意：建筑师Albert Faus在尤卢的Bangre Veenem学校综合体遵循了类似的理念。空处作follows的宾语，结合前文Kéré的设计理念及后文Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool可知，此处指两所建筑遵循类似的设计理念，名词philosophy（理念；哲学）符合题意。故选H。 18．考查动词。句意：该建筑采用当地采购的石头建造，在尊重传统信仰和圣地的同时，保持凉爽。空处作伴随状语，结合traditional beliefs and sacred sites可知，此处指尊重传统和圣地，动词respect（尊重）符合句意，逻辑主语the buildings与respect之间为主动关系，respect用现在分词。故选I。 19．考查名词。句意：太阳能电池板提供电力，让学生们可以在晚上学习和给手机充电——在一个只有22.5%人口有电的国家，这绝非小事。空处作no small的宾语，结合前文Solar panels provide electricity可知，在电力匮乏的国家，这是一项不小的成就，名词achievement（成就）符合题意。故选A。 20．考查动词。句意：Kéré和Faus都证明，布基纳法索的建筑可以通过社区参与、当地材料和可持续设计实现自我维持。空处作谓语，情态动词can后接动词原形，结合community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design可知，这样的建筑可以实现自我维持，动词self-sustain（自我维持）符合题意。故选J。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones has revolutionized how people experience sound, offering a sense of peace in an increasingly noisy world. However, concerns are 21 about whether prolonged use of these devices may be linked to auditory (听觉的) processing issues, particularly among young people. One such case is Sophie, a 25-year-old assistant from London, who was diagnosed with auditory processing disorder (APD) after 22 to comprehend sounds in everyday environments. Despite having normal hearing, she often found herself unable to 23 the source of a noise in crowded places. Sophie, like many young people, regularly wears noise-cancelling headphones for up to five hours a day, leading her audiologist to question whether 24 reliance on these devices may have contributed to her condition. APD is a neurological (神经的) disorder in which the brain finds it hard to 25 sound, even when hearing function is normal. It is commonly found in individuals who have suffered a brain injury, or experienced middle-ear infections as children. 26 , a growing number of cases do not fit these traditional categories, causing audiologists to investigate whether 27 factors, such as noise-cancelling headphones, could be influencing auditory development. The issue is becoming more 28 , with multiple NHS audiology departments in the UK reporting an increase in young people seeking help for hearing difficulties. Experts suggest that prolonged use of noise-cancelling headphones may create a “false auditory environment”, conditioning the brain to 29 background noise entirely rather than learning to manage and process it. This can make it difficult for individuals to distinguish relevant sounds in real-world 30 , such as conversations in crowded rooms or alarms in public spaces. Claire Benton, vice-president of the British Academy of Audiology, warns that high-level listening skills continue developing into the late teens, and if young people primarily rely on noise isolation during this critical period, it could potentially 31 their ability to process speech and noise effectively. Despite these concerns, noise-cancelling headphones are not without 32 . Their ability to reduce 33 to harmful high-frequency sounds can protect long-term hearing health, and they are particularly valuable for individuals who experience anxiety in noisy environments. However, experts recommend limiting headphone usage, combining background noise into daily life, and 34 auditory training exercises to strengthen the brain’s natural sound-processing abilities. While noise-cancelling headphones are not 35 proven to cause APD, their overuse may contribute to weakened auditory processing skills, making it harder for individuals to adapt to real-world sound environments. As technology continues to shape the way people interact with sound, striking a balance between noise control and auditory stimulation will be essential in maintaining healthy hearing and cognitive processing. 21．A．persisting B．growing C．fading D．varying 22．A．pretending B．managing C．struggling D．learning 23．A．rate B．revise C．employ D．identify 24．A．unreasonable B．uncritical C．medical D．mental 25．A．perceive B．release C．balance D．reflect 26．A．Therefore B．However C．Furthermore D．Otherwise 27．A．structural B．external C．moral D．historical 28．A．technical B．minor C．apparent D．systemic 29．A．filter out B．adapt to C．rely on D．turn into 30．A．schedules B．settings C．devices D．diagrams 31．A．postpone B．restore C．improve D．measure 32．A．options B．risks C．standards D．benefits 33．A．resistance B．reaction C．exposure D．sensitivity 34．A．calling off B．sorting out C．engaging in D．applying for 35．A．awkwardly B．hesitantly C．flexibly D．conclusively 【答案】 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了降噪耳机的广泛使用可能对听觉处理能力带来的影响，尤其是对年轻人，同时也提及了其积极作用及使用建议。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，关于长期使用这些设备是否可能与听觉处理问题相关的担忧正在加剧，尤其是在年轻人中。A. persisting持续；B. growing加剧、增多；C. fading消退；D. varying变化。根据后文“with multiple NHS audiology departments in the UK reporting an increase in young people seeking help for hearing difficulties.”可知，英国国家医疗服务体系报告年轻人听力问题求助增多的内容，所以相关担忧在不断加剧。故选B项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：25岁的伦敦助理索菲就是这样一个案例，她在日常环境中难以听清声音后，被诊断出患有听觉处理障碍。A. pretending假装；B. managing设法做到；C. struggling艰难地做、努力应对；D. learning学习。根据前文“was diagnosed with auditory processing disorder”可知，她存在听觉处理的困难，“struggle to do”表“费力做某事”。故选C项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管听力正常，但她经常在拥挤的地方无法识别噪音的来源。A. rate评估；B. revise修改；C. employ雇佣；D. identify识别、确认。根据后文“the source of a noise in crowded places”可知，听觉处理障碍让她难以判断噪音来自哪里，即无法识别噪音来源。故选D项。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和许多年轻人一样，索菲每天佩戴降噪耳机的时间长达5小时，这让听力学家怀疑，对这类设备的过度依赖是否是导致她患病的原因之一。A. unreasonable过度的、不合理的；B. uncritical不加批判的；C. medical医疗的；D. mental精神的。根据前文“Sophie, like many young people, regularly wears noise-cancelling headphones for up to five hours a day”可知，每天佩戴五小时属于长时间、过度使用，这可能是导致听觉问题的原因之一。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：听觉处理障碍是一种神经系统疾病，即使听力功能正常，大脑也难以感知声音。A. perceive感知、察觉；B. release释放；C. balance平衡；D. reflect反映。结合前文“was diagnosed with auditory processing disorder (APD) after ____ to comprehend sounds”及“unable to ____ the source of a noise in crowded places”可知，索菲难以听清声音、无法识别噪音来源，听觉处理障碍的核心是大脑无法正常感知声音。故选A项。 26．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的病例不符合这些传统类别，这让听力学家开始调查诸如降噪耳机等外部因素是否会影响听觉发育。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Furthermore此外；D. Otherwise否则。前文提到听觉处理障碍的传统诱因，后文说新病例不符合这些类别，前后为转折关系。故选B项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的病例不符合这些传统类别，这让听力学家开始调查诸如降噪耳机等外部因素是否会影响听觉发育。A. structural结构的；B. external外部的；C. moral道德的；D. historical历史的。根据常识以及后文“noise-cancelling headphones”可知，降噪耳机是人体外部的物品，属于影响听觉发育的外部因素。故选B项。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个问题变得越来越明显，英国多个国家医疗服务体系听力部门报告称，寻求听力困难帮助的年轻人数量有所增加。A. technical技术的；B. minor次要的；C. apparent明显的；D. systemic系统性的。根据后文“increase in young people seeking help”可知，问题逐渐显现，变得更加明显。故选C项。 29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：专家表示，长期使用降噪耳机可能会创造一个“虚假的听觉环境”，让大脑完全过滤掉背景噪音，而不是学会管理和处理它。A. filter out过滤掉；B. adapt to适应；C. rely on依赖；D. turn into变成。根据后文“background noise entirely rather than learning to manage and process it”可知，降噪耳机的核心功能是降低或消除背景噪音，即过滤掉背景噪音。故选A项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这会让人们在现实环境中难以区分相关声音，比如在拥挤的房间里交谈或在公共场所听到警报声。A. schedules日程；B. settings环境、场景；C. devices设备；D. diagrams图表。后文“crowded rooms”以及“public spaces”都属于现实生活中的具体场景或环境。故选B项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：英国听力学学会副主席克莱尔·本顿警告说，高水平的听力技能会一直发展到青少年晚期，如果年轻人在这个关键时期主要依赖隔音设备，可能会推迟他们有效处理语言和噪音的能力。A. postpone推迟、延缓；B. restore恢复；C. improve改善；D. measure测量。根据前文“if young people primarily rely on noise isolation during this critical period”可知，关键时期缺乏正常的听觉刺激，会影响听力技能的发展进程，即延缓相关能力的形成。故选A项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管存在这些担忧，降噪耳机并非没有好处。A. options选择；B. risks风险；C. standards标准；D. benefits好处。根据后文“Their ability to reduce ____ to harmful high-frequency sounds can protect long-term hearing health, and they are particularly valuable for individuals who experience anxiety in noisy environments.”可知，降噪耳机能保护听力、帮助焦虑人群，这些都是其积极作用，即好处。故选D项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们能够减少接触有害的高频声音，从而保护长期听力健康，对在嘈杂环境中感到焦虑的人来说尤其有价值。A. resistance抵抗；B. reaction反应；C. exposure接触；D. sensitivity敏感度。根据后文“to harmful high-frequency sounds”可知，减少对有害噪音的“接触”或“暴露”是保护听力的方式。“exposure to”为固定搭配，意为“接触……”。故选C项。 34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，专家建议限制耳机使用时间，将背景噪音融入日常生活，并参与听觉训练，以增强大脑自然的声音处理能力。A. calling off取消；B. sorting out整理；C. engaging in参与；D. applying for申请。根据后文“auditory training exercises”可知，要增强声音处理能力，需要主动参与听觉训练。故选C项。 35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然降噪耳机尚未被确凿证明会导致听觉处理障碍，但过度使用可能会导致听觉处理能力下降，使人们更难适应现实世界的声音环境。A. awkwardly笨拙地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. flexibly灵活地；D. conclusively确凿地、确定地。结合语境以及后文“proven to cause APD,”可知，目前没有明确、确凿的证据证明降噪耳机与听觉处理障碍之间的因果关系。故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A All Miss Price had been told about the new boy was that he’d spent most of his life in some kind of orphanage, and that the gray-haired “aunt and uncle” with whom he now lived were really foster parents (养父母), paid by the Welfare Department of the City of New York. A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade. He arrived early and sat in the back row, his backbone very straight, his ankles crossed precisely under the desk and his hands folded on the center of its top, and while the other children were filling in, he received a long, expressionless stare from each of them. “We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City. I know we’ll all do our best to make him feel at home.” This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other. Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it. Even if you could ignore his twisted black hair and gray skin, his clothes would have given him away: ridiculously new pants, ridiculously old sports shoes and a yellow sweatshirt, much too small, with the faded remains of a Mickey Mouse design stamped on its chest. The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles. This was the kind of kid they were accustomed to thinking of as “tough,” the kind whose stare has made all of them uncomfortable at one time or another in unfamiliar neighborhoods; here was a unique chance for revenge. 36．What can you learn about Miss Price and Vincent from the first two paragraphs? A．Since nobody had ever seen Vincent’s parents, he now lived all by himself. B．Miss Price knew Vincent so well that she’d like to focus every bit of attention on him. C．Miss Price didn’t know much about Vincent, but that didn’t stop her wanting to care about him. D．Vincent sat in the back row so as not to arouse any unnecessary attention caused by his late arrival. 37．Why does the author mention “New York” in the third and the fourth paragraphs? A．To illustrate Vincent’s distant origin. B．To demonstrate children’s desire to go to see their fathers. C．To emphasize Vincent’s low social status from his shabby clothes. D．To state a certain distinction between Vincent and people’s imagination. 38．Which of the following words can best describe Vincent? A．Devoted but shy. B．Nervous and uneasy. C．Untalkative and tough. D．Sensitive but unfortunate. 39．What can you infer from the text about Vincent’s new classmates? A．They were either unconcerned or unfriendly toward him. B．They used to consider people like Vincent to be very tough. C．They barely noticed the new boy sitting in the back of the classroom. D．They were very curious about the newcomer in a kind and considerate manner. 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Vincent Sabella来到一所新学校读书，他的老师和同学对他的看法和态度。 【详解】36．推理判断题。根据第一段“A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.”（一个不那么认真的老师也许会要求了解更多的细节，但普赖斯小姐对这个粗略的提纲很满意。从他上四年级的第一天早上起，她的眼睛里就充满了使命感。）可知，普莱斯老师对文森特了解不多，但这并没有阻止她想关心他。故选C项。 37．细节理解题。根据第三段““We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City.”（“今天早上我们有一个新同学，”普莱斯小姐说，“他的名字叫文森特·萨贝拉，来自纽约市。）以及第四段“Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent                Sabella had nothing to do with it.”（通常，有人从纽约来这一事实可能具有某种地位，因为对大多数孩子来说，这座城市是一个可怕的、成人的地方，每天吞噬着他们的父亲。但任何人一眼就能看出文森特·萨贝拉与此无关。）可知，作者在第三段和第四段提到“纽约”，是为了说明文森特和人们的想象中的形象之间有某些区别。故选D项。 38．推理判断题。根据第四段“This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other.”（这一次，他们都转过身来盯着他看，这使他稍稍低下头，把重心从一边移到另一边。）可推知，文森特紧张不安。故选B项。 39．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles.”（女孩们觉得他不太好，就转身走开了，但男孩们仍在检查中，微笑着上下打量着他。）可知，文森特的新同学要么对他漠不关心，要么对他不友好。故选A项。 B Spark your imagination Creative writing can help your mental health. Most of us enjoy stories — whether it's reading an interesting book, listening to a friend tell a joke or watching a plot unfold on television. Did you know that writing stories is actually good for you, too? On 23 June it is National Writing Day, an annual celebration of creative writing. It's also a chance to understand the benefits of creative writing and using your imagination.What is creative writing?     Creative writing is based on your imagination — fiction and poetry are good examples. Fiction is written work that describes imaginary events and people. Fiction can include novels and short stories. However, these aren't the only forms of creative writing. Scripts (for a play, film or TV show); fan fiction (when readers write stories inspired by their favourite characters); and song lyrics count. Is it really good for me? Many people find creative writing cathartic, which means they feel relief because they're releasing thoughts and emotions that they've kept bottled up. According to the Anna Freud Centre for Children and Families, writing about a character's feelings can make it easier to understand your own feelings. They also say that creative writing can be useful tool for self-care. Another benefit of creative writing is that it can boost your self-esteem (how positive you feel about yourself). It can help you realize that your voice is important and powerful. Children's author Mark Haddon says,”It's more than learning a skill. It's about learning that you, your family, your culture and your view of the world are rich and interesting and important.”The power of imagination     For many people, creative writing offers a “time out”or escape from real life, including their problems and worries. This space can help you to think more positively about a problem you might have, or simply allow you to escape to a magical, make-believe world. National Writing Day:How do I take part?   Antonla Byatt from First Story, the charity behind National Writing Day, explains, “This year's National Writing Day activity challenges everyone to fill a box with a piece of creative writing, such as a poem, a letter or story, exploring the theme of connection. Once you've finished writing, share your words with another person to create a thread of connection. Your voice is powerful. Use it on National Writing Day, and beyond.” You can find ideas and free resources at firststory.org.uk/writeday Need some ideas? On National Writing Day 2023 the #247 Challenge asked people to write a 24-word story on poem starting with the phrase “One day”. Here are two entries from schools. One day, on the outskirts of town. a cardboard box was shrouded in an eerie mist. I waited for the untold horrors to unravel.                           Dixons McMilan Academy, Bradford One day, Schools will be open. hearts that were broken, normality will be awoken. all that was broken, one day, all will be solved. Nonsuch High School, Sutton 40．The passage is mainly intended to A．introduce the founder of National Writing Day B．highlight the influence of National Writing Day C．explain the theme of this year's National Writing Day D．encourage people to take part in National Writing Day 41．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of creative writing? A．It involves just fiction and poem writing. B．It leads to a deep insight into your feelings. C．It gives you solutions to real-life problems D．It enables you to respect other people's work. 42．What can be found at the website of firststory.org.uk/writeday? A．The inspiration for your own work. B．The works of previous prize winners. C．The person you can share your writing with. D．The introduction to some creative writing courses. 【答案】40．D 41．B 42．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了创意写作对心理健康有益，以及全国写作日的相关内容，鼓励人们参与该活动。 【详解】40．推理判断题。文章开篇介绍创意写作有益心理健康，接着阐述创意写作的形式、好处，然后介绍全国写作日的参与方式，并鼓励大家在全国写作日及以后积极创作，整体目的是鼓励人们参与全国写作日活动。故选D项。 41．细节理解题。根据Is it really good for me?中的“According to the Anna Freud Centre for Children and Families, writing about a character's feelings can make it easier to understand your own feelings. (根据安娜·弗洛伊德儿童与家庭中心的说法，描写一个角色的感受可以让你更容易理解自己的感受。)”可知，创意写作能让你深入洞察自己的感受，故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据National Writing Day:How do I take part?中的“You can find ideas and free resources at firststory.org.uk/writeday (你可以在 firststory.org.uk/writeday 这个网站上找到写作思路和免费资源*”可知，在该网站能找到创作灵感，故选A项。 C If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger. However, Sonya Varma, a professor from York University, wondered, do people with BPD have problems in all aspects of this process? Could they have an as-yet-undiscovered set of emotional strengths? According to new research by Varma and her colleagues, emotion regulation involves both the internal reactions of the body and the conscious efforts people make to label those bodily feelings. This labeling process, they maintain, could make all the difference when it comes to settling back down and putting the mind back at rest. To tease apart these features of emotion regulation, Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an “emotion induction (引导)” treatment. Participants read a story that was intended to cause a negative emotion such as a hit-and-run car accident or the death of your dog. The sample included 29 participants with diagnosed BPD who were age- and sex-matched with healthy controls, and they ranged in age from 18 to 60. To examine the effect of labeling, Varma asked their participants to type their current emotional states into a computer, choosing from a set they saw on the screen. They could use the same word multiple times if they wished. If indeed people with BPD have difficulty labeling their emotions, then this fault should have been reflected in their ability to return to baseline (起点) after the negative emotion induction. However, the findings surprisingly ran counter to the research team’s expectations: People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions. Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect. Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions. When you’re starting down the pathway of experiencing a negative emotion, you can benefit by applying an accurate label to that emotion as opposed to holding it back or calling it something else. This can potentially prevent engagement in destructive behaviors that may function to downregulate emotion such as self-harm. To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction. 43．According to paragraph 1 and 2, people with BPD _________. A．may be good at labeling bodily feelings B．may lose their temper easily and suddenly C．encounter problems in every aspect of their life D．have emotional strengths like emotion regulation 44．The underlined phrase “tease apart” (Para 3, Line 1) is closest in meaning to _________. A．identify B．combine C．emphasize D．dominate 45．What can be inferred from Varma’s experiment? A．Negative emotions affect the ability to reflect. B．Healthy controls excel at regulating their mental state. C．Rich expressions contribute to psychological stability. D．People with BPD met the research team’s expectations. 46．What is the passage mainly about? A．A new pathway of regulating emotions. B．A method of consciously labeling emotions. C．An unexpected strength of people with BPD． D．An involuntary reaction to people with BPD． 【答案】43．B 44．A 45．C 46．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述患有边缘性人格障碍的人令人意想不到的一个优势。 【详解】43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you know someone with borderline personality disorder (BPD), you’re aware of how quickly they can step up from mild annoyance to outbursts of anger.(如果你认识一个患有边缘性人格障碍（BPD）的人，你会意识到他们从轻微的烦恼到爆发愤怒的速度有多快)”可知，患有BPD的人可能容易突然发脾气。故选B项。 44．词句猜测题。结合划线部分后“Varma designed an experimental situation in which they put participants into an ‘emotion induction (引导)’ treatment(Varma设计了一个实验情境，让参与者接受‘情绪引导’治疗)”及下一段中提到的试验结果“People with BPD were equal to the control participants in the negativity of their expressed emotion, the intensity of that emotion, and even the words they used to describe their emotions.(BPD患者表达情绪的消极程度，情绪的强度，甚至他们用来描述自己情绪的词汇，都与对照组的参与者相同)”可推知，Varma的试验目的是梳理情绪调节的特征，tease apart意为“梳理，确认”。故选A项。 45．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Although using a wider range of words following the emotion induction helped to bring about greater physiological control for all participants, there were no differences between groups in this effect.(尽管在情绪引导之后使用更广泛的词汇有助于所有参与者获得更强的生理控制能力，但在这种效果上，各组之间没有差异)”可知，丰富的表达有助于心理稳定。故选C项。 46．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合倒数第二段首句“Given its role in helping restore physiological peace, it appears that regardless of whether someone has BPD or not, it can be beneficial to learn to label your emotions.(考虑到BPD在帮助恢复生理平静方面的作用，似乎不管一个人是否患有BPD，学会给自己的情绪贴上标签都是有益的)”及最后一段中“To sum up, this new information about BPD can offer hope that at least one key element of the emotion regulation process appears to function effectively. Building on this strength could very well provide a new and unexplored pathway for their satisfaction.(综上所述，BPD的新信息可以提供希望，情绪调节过程中至少有一个关键因素有效发挥作用。建立在这一优势的基础上，可以很好地为他们的满意度提供一条新的、未被探索的途径)”可知，文章主要讲述患有边缘性人格障碍的人令人意想不到的一个优势。故选C项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Can You Really Live One Day at a Time? This summer, I reread the novel “Aurora”, by Kim Stanley Robinson. Robinson has an ecological orientation, and “Aurora” is basically a book about how we fit into nature. It ends on a beach, with an extended description of swimming in big waves. It’s early morning, and the waves, as they rise, “turn a deep translucent green.” 47 . Freya discovers that she can dive under an approaching wave and shoot up when it has passed; that she can swim fast up waves that are about to break; and that she can surf. Freya swims under, over, and along the waves, one after another. Each wave is its own event, difficult or ideal, but collectively they chain together in a soothing rhythm. Sometimes she has to rush to handle a fast set of waves, but such moments are rare. 48 . It’s a little miraculous that something as powerful as the sea can be, in some sense, predictable. 49 . At painful moments, time can drag with painful slowness; when the pressure rises, it accelerates. I find that the end of summer is a period in which time seems to go faster. There are strategies for regularizing time, all of which are familiar. One possibility is to control it through planning, using calendars, lists, and so on, which encourage us to see the march of time objectively. Another is to try “living in the moment” — a way of giving every unit of time its due. Over the past few years, I’ve discovered that my preferred solution is to live one day at a time. A day is wavelike. 50 . You can dive beneath it, or struggle up its face, or try to surf it, or get slammed by it, but then another day comes, and another. We can usefully organize our experience by approaching it in terms of days. Take it a day at a time — the thought alone does something. A．Each one comes forward with its own particular character. B．The color seems to be a gentle whisper from the ocean depths, a secret message carried by the morning tide. C．Freya, the novel’s heroine, has never swum in the ocean, and over the course of the morning. She learns how. D．In ordinary life, by contrast, the flow of time often feels irregular. E．Just like in life, where difficulties may suddenly arise at unexpected moments. F．Most of the time, she can navigate the wave in front of her, and then turn to the next. 【答案】47．C 48．F 49．D 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述小说《极光》中主人公弗雷亚在海边游泳的经历，引出了对时间流逝的感受以及应对时间不规律流动的策略，进而阐述作者自己选择一天一天地生活的观点。 【详解】47．上文“It’s early morning, and the waves, as they rise, “turn a deep translucent green.” (现在是清晨，海浪升起时，“变成了半透明的深绿色”。)”描述了清晨海浪呈现出深透的绿色这一情景，下文“Freya discovers that she can dive under an approaching wave and shoot up when it has passed; that she can swim fast up waves that are about to break; and that she can surf. (弗雷亚发现，她可以潜入一个接近的波浪和拍摄时，它已经通过；她能在即将破浪的波浪上快速游动；她还会冲浪。)”详细说明了主人公弗雷亚在海边学会的各种游泳技能。C项“弗雷亚，这部小说的女主角，从未在海里游过泳，在早上这段时间里，她学会了如何游泳。”既承接了上文对海边场景的描述，又引出了下文弗雷亚学会游泳技能的内容，起到了承上启下的作用。故选C项。 48．上文“Each wave is its own event, difficult or ideal, but collectively they chain together in a soothing rhythm. Sometimes she has to rush to handle a fast set of waves, but such moments are rare. (每一道波浪都是它自己的事件，困难或理想，但它们在一个舒缓的节奏中串联在一起。)”描述了每一道海浪都有其特点，它们以舒缓的节奏相连，虽然有时要匆忙应对快速涌来的海浪，但这样的时刻很少。F项“大多数时候，她能驾驭面前的海浪，然后转向下一道海浪.”，进一步说明了弗雷亚在应对海浪时的状态，与上文内容紧密相连，且“Most of the time”与上文“such moments are rare”形成对比，逻辑合理。故选F项。 49．下文“At painful moments, time can drag with painful slowness; when the pressure rises, it accelerates. I find that the end of summer is a period in which time seems to go faster. (在痛苦的时刻，时间拖得慢得令人痛苦；当压力上升时，它加速。我发现夏天结束的时候，时间似乎过得更快。)”说明在日常生活中时间的流动往往是不规律的。D项“相比之下，在日常生活中，时间的流动往往感觉不规律。”引出了下文对日常生活中时间流动不规律的具体描述，符合语境。故选D项。 50．上文“Over the past few years, I’ve discovered that my preferred solution is to live one day at a time. A day is wavelike. (在过去的几年里，我发现我更喜欢的解决办法是活在当下。一天就像海浪一样。)”表明作者喜欢一天一天地生活，且把一天比作海浪。A项“每一天都有其独特的个性。”，进一步阐述了作者对“一天”的看法，与上文把一天比作海浪相呼应，说明每一天都像海浪一样有自己的特点。故选A项。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ice Cream Innovation Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer’s day? This traditional treat is centuries old, but our tastes and consumer habits are evolving. How is the ice cream production process changing, and who is driving this change? Making ice cream is a time-consuming process. While the recipe is simple, getting the balance right between ice, fat and air is important if the ice cream is to have the right texture. To achieve this, the ingredients need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen-a process that takes time and uses a lot of energy. Designers and engineers are working to improve the production process with new specialized equipment to make it increasingly automated. For now, however, even with the help of robots and 3D printers, it can take up to two years from testing a new frozen dessert product to it being available to consumers. And demand is only going up. According to statistics, more than 25 billion litres of ice cream were eaten worldwide in 2021. While the US and China are the biggest consumers, data shows that people in the UK bought 28%more ice cream during the UK’s record-breaking summer compared to a year earlier. Clearly, rising temperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, but it’s not the only explanation. The pandemic has seen people reaching for pleasures they can enjoy at home, which include eating indulgent(纵容的) foods. So, what new things can we expect? Dairy still dominates, but plant-based ice cream and low-calorie choices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market. But, according to Elsebeth Baungaard, the next global trend will be less about innovation and more about portion size “I’m sorry to say it’s simply shrinking”, she says. “But the quality will be higher.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 The ice cream industry is changing. Because the production process consumes time and energy, designers are automating it with specialized facilities. Behind this change is the growing global demand due to hotter weather and consumers’ desire for indulgent pleasure. Moreover, with more healthy alternatives, future ice creams will shrink in size but become high in quality. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说冰淇淋行业正在发生变化。由于生产过程需要耗费时间和精力，设计师们正利用专门的设备来实现自动化操作。这一变化的背后是由于气温升高以及消费者对享受愉悦体验的渴望而产生的全球需求增长。此外，随着更多健康替代品的出现，未来的冰淇淋产品尺寸会变小，但质量会大大提高。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①This traditional treat is centuries old, but our tastes and consumer habits are evolving. ②Making ice cream is a time-consuming process. Designers and engineers are working to improve the production process with new specialized equipment to make it increasingly automated. ③Clearly, rising temperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, but it’s not the only explanation. The pandemic has seen people reaching for pleasures they can enjoy at home, which include eating indulgent(纵容的) foods. ④Dairy still dominates, but plant-based ice cream and low-calorie choices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market. But, according to Elsebeth Baungaard, the next global trend will be less about innovation and more about portion size “I’m sorry to say it’s simply shrinking”, she says. “But the quality will be higher.” 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 The ice cream industry is transforming. Since the production process consumes time and energy, designers are automating it with specialized facilities. Behind this change is the growing global demand thanks to hotter weather and consumers’ desire for indulgent enjoyment. Besides, with more fit choices, future ice creams will shrink in size but become high in quality. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Because the production process consumes time and energy, designers are automating it with specialized facilities.运用一个because引导原因状语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Behind this change is the growing global demand due to hotter weather and consumers’ desire for indulgent pleasure.运用了倒装句对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．你大兴土木纪念亡母没有必要。（point）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is no point in carrying out large-scale construction in memory of your late mother. 【详解】考查固定句型、固定搭配和时态。句子陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时。根据提示词point可知，“没有必要”用固定句型There is no point in doing sth.表示“做某事没有必要”；“大兴土木”用动词短语carry out large-scale construction，作介词in的宾语，故carry变为carrying；“纪念”用固定搭配in memory of作目的状语；“亡母”用your late mother作介词of的宾语。故翻译为There is no point in carrying out large-scale construction in memory of your late mother. 53．需要什么能进入下一轮面试？ （qualify）（汉译英） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview? 【详解】考查动词和特殊疑问句。根据句意，句子是一个特殊疑问句，且描述的是一般情况，使用一般现在时；表示“需要什么”，“什么”是特殊疑问词what，位于句首，首字母需大写；“需要……做某事”常用固定句式“it takes... to do sth.”，这里是特殊疑问句，所以借助助动词does来构成疑问语序，it作形式主语；表示“进入（获得……资格）”用短语“qualify for”作谓语，助动词does提前变成一般疑问句，所以此处使用动词原形；“下一轮面试”是the next round of the interview，“to qualify for the next round of the interview” 是真正的主语部分。故翻译为What does it take to qualify for the next round of the interview? 54．旅行的意义不在于朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞，而在于从每日常规中挣脱出来，重新掌控自己生活的节奏。(not...but...) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The significance of travel lies not in how many likes on Moments, but in breaking away from daily routine and regaining control over the rhythm of one’s life. 【详解】考查固定短语，时态，主谓一致和动名词。“旅行的意义”是the significance of travel，“在于”是固定短语lie in，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语significance是不可数名词，因此lie用第三人称单数，“不是……而是……”是固定搭配not...but...，“朋友圈 (Moments) 有多少点赞”是how many likes on Moments，“从……中挣脱出来”是break away from，用动名词breaking作宾语，“每日常规”是daily routine，“重新掌控”是regain control over，用动名词regaining作宾语，“自己生活的节奏”是the rhythm of one’s life，用and连接两个动作。故答案为The significance of travel lies not in how many likes on Moments, but in breaking away from daily routine and regaining control over the rhythm of one’s life. 55．机器人与人类选手肩并肩冲过半程马拉松终点线，在那一瞬间，人们欢呼雀跃，庆祝这一象征科技进步的历史性突破。 (The instant) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The instant a robot and a human athlete crossed the half-marathon finish line side by side, people cheered and celebrated this historic breakthrough symbolizing technological progress. 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。发生在过去用一般过去时；引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”用the instant；表示“机器人与人类选手”用a robot and a human athlete，作主语；表示“冲过半程马拉松终点线”翻译为cross the half-marathon finish line；表示“肩并肩”为side by side；主句主语为people；表示“欢呼雀跃”为cheer；表示“庆祝”用celebrate；表示“历史性突破”为this historic breakthrough，表示“一象征科技进步”用现在分词短语symbolizing technological progress，作定语修饰breakthrough。故翻译为The instant a robot and a human athlete crossed the half-marathon finish line side by side, people cheered and celebrated this historic breakthrough symbolizing technological progress. 七、书信写作 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是风华中学高三学生李华。你所在的学校“创意社团(the Creative Society)”正在策划一项面向大宁社区青年的推广活动(a promotion campaign)，现有三个备选项目： ① 推广一个城市漫步主题路线(a Citywalk theme route)； ② 推广一个“旧物改造”环保工作坊(an “Upcycling” environmental workshop)； ③ 推广一个社区“技能交换”平台(a community “Skill Swap” platform)。 请你给社团委员会(the Society Board)写一封信，提交你的想法。信中必须包含： 1. 你选择推广的一个项目； 2. 你选择该项目的理由； 3. 你的详细推广计划。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Society Board, I’m Li Hua from Class X, Grade 3. I’m writing to share my idea about the promotion campaign. I think the ‌“Upcycling” environmental workshop is a great choice. The reason for choosing this project is that it both protects the environment and encourages creativity. By transforming old items, we reduce waste and save resources, while also bringing people together and fostering a sense of community. Here’s my detailed promotion plan. Firstly, set up a booth in the community center to demonstrate upcycled products and explain the concept. Secondly, organize workshops with professional designers or DIY enthusiasts teaching people to make upcycled products. Thirdly, hold an upcycling competition where people bring old items to transform. The best works will be awarded and exhibited. I believe these activities will attract more people to upcycling and our workshop. Thank you for considering my proposal. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。要求考生从三个备选项目中选择一个并给社团委员会写信提交想法，包括选择的项目、理由及详细推广计划。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 选择：choice → option 培养：foster → cultivate 解释：explain → account for 吸引：attract → appeal to/draw 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Firstly, set up a booth in the community center to demonstrate upcycled products and explain the concept. 拓展句：Firstly, set up a booth in the community center where you can demonstrate upcycled products and explain the concept. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The reason for choosing this project is that it both protects the environment and encourages creativity. (运用了连接词that引导的表语从句) [高分句型2] Thirdly, hold an upcycling competition where people bring old items to transform.(运用了关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $