2026届高考第一次模拟考试英语练习卷（上海卷）

绝密★考试结束前 2026年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Be Stylish While Protecting the Environment Despite the huge numbers of people who care about the environment and love clothes, there is a basic conflict about being green and being fashionable. This is because the fashion industry depends on a constant stream of ever-changing trends, 1 means you have to keep consuming. However, buying 2 awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. Even so, there are still some measures you can take to achieve 3 of the goals. Firstly, rather than base your choice of clothes on 4 the fashion industry says you should, choose your own look. If you do this, you’ll look a lot more like an individual, and probably 5 (genuinely) stylish. It does not require any sense of style 6 (copy) the looks in fashion magazines but developing your own certainly does. You’ll find that you buy fewer clothes 7 they aren’t going in and out of fashion every week, and this helps the environment. Some people think that another way of achieving this is to buy only natural materials, like cotton. But the production of some plant-based materials involves the use of enormous quantities of pesticides (杀虫剂). In fact, cotton is an especially dirty crop, with methods 8 (use) in its production which can destroy the local environment. If you want to avoid adding to soil and water pollution in this manner, simply 9 (choose) organic materials. In the end, what you wear is your choice and no one would suggest that this should not be a free choice. But we hope that, 10 (read) this, you will be aware of the impact your choices may have on the health of our planet. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access     B．ended     C． exchanged     D．increased     E. mirrored     F. narrow G. non-judgmentally     H. non-productively    I. shame     J. stranger     K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He 11 the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can 12 through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has 13 more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and 14 to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages 15 back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) 16 , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is 17 . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of 18 safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the 19 of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She 20 the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can exercise and develop. Almost anyone can learn to develop their reward sensitivity by 21 themselves to notice and experience their positive emotions. To raise your reward sensitivity, begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of 22 . It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack or reading a few pages of a novel. This will make you less likely to 23 positive experiences. After you’ve enjoyed that 24 moment, close your eyes and recount out loud where and when you experienced the greatest joy. The idea isn’t just to remember how you felt, but to enhance and re-experience it, thus 25 your memory of them, and increasing your motivation to seek them out going forward. Here are some other adjustments you can make to develop a positive mind-set. Expand your joy 26 : Research suggests that finding more words to describe positive emotions can prove and increase them. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be 27 , using words like calm, overjoyed, delighted, inspired beyond fine, good or great. Share your highlight reel (高光时刻): 28 what made you happiest can make you feel better. Spread that happiness to another person — and also strengthen a bond. Find bright sides: With practice, it’s possible to 29 the positives hidden in things that we might first see as negative. For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could easily view that as a (n) 30 . But the bright side would be that you got to know that one person better. Forecast future wins: If you’re tight scheduled, pick an event that’s approaching and think of the best possible 31 . If you’re tired, 32 smiling at your friend across the room, feeling proud. Using imagery can encourage motivation and get you ready for more 33 experiences. Keep in mind, too, that it’s normal to feel 34 with pleasurable feelings sometimes, particularly if you experience depression and anxiety. Worrying can make you feel like you’re ready to respond to threats — but by constantly 35 disaster, we miss the happiness in front of us right now. Sometimes we need to behave like happy people if we actually want to be happy. 21．A．attracting B．demonstrating C．entertaining D．training 22．A．accomplishment B．belonging C．identity D．responsibility 23．A．broaden B．postpone C．provide D．share 24．A．critical B．daily C．rare D．spare 25．A．recalling B．recovering C．searching D．strengthening 26．A．reflection B．selection C．trial D．vocabulary 27．A．brief B．creative C．precise D．secure 28．A．Broadcasting B．Choosing C．Defining D．Wondering 29．A．cover B．divide C．teach D．notice 30．A．failure B．opportunity C．reward D．surprise 31．A．initiative B．outcome C．prize D．solution 32．A．avoid B．imagine C．practice D．try 33．A．direct B．inspiring C．sensory D．shared 34．A．content B．distracted C．easy D．uncomfortable 35．A．ending in B．guarding against C．heading for D．preparing for Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements. Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵). After weeks of fermentation, Brand boiled the urine down to a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture to an extreme temperature. What emerged from this process was a substance that was entirely new to the world of science — a white solid that shone with a soft light in the dark. Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious. The implications of Brand’s discovery were far-reaching. Phosphorus was not only a novelty but also a substance with practical applications. It would later become an essential component in the production of matches, fertilizers, and various chemicals. Hennig Brand’s accidental discovery of phosphorus in 1669 was more than just finding a new element; it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry. Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment. 36．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The fall of ancient alchemists and the rise of modern chemists. B．The accidental discovery of phosphorus and its scientific impact. C．The importance of human urine in scientific experiments. D．The transformation of base metals into gold through magic. 37．What was Hennig Brand’s initial goal when he started his experiments? A．To turn human urine into gold. B．To discover a new element. C．To produce a glowing substance. D．To reform modern chemistry. 38．The underlined word “cornerstone” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A．mystery B．symbol C．obstacle D．foundation 39．What can be inferred about Hennig Brand from the passage? A．He was a serious chemist who followed established scientific methods. B．He was a visionary scientist who predicted the future of chemistry. C．He was a curious individual willing to explore unconventional ideas. D．He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding of chemistry. B Books by Economist writers More. By Philip Coggan. Hachette; 496 pages; $34. Profile Books; ￡25 A history of the global economy by our Bartleby Columnist. Covering the development of key sectors such as manufacturing and energy production, it shows how links between people and countries have allowed individuals to grow not just more prosperous, but taller and stronger, and to live longer and have more choice in how they run their lives. A “brilliant survey”, thought the Times; a “fantastic sweep”, reckoned the Financial Times. Coveted. By Melanie Grant. Phaidon; 208 pages; $89.95 and ￡69.95 When, asks the picture and luxury editor of 1843, does jewelry make the leap from fashion accessory to art? Her richly illustrated profiles of leading designers range from Faberge’s and Cartier’s links to Art Nouveau and Art Deco, to the collaboration between Georg Jensen, a Scandinavian brand, with the architect Zaha Hadid. The New York Times said “the book showed the complexity, power and artistic impact of great design.” Independence Square. By A．D．Miller. Pegasus Books; 228 pages; $25.95. Harvill Secker; ￡14.99 A nation’s future, and a man’s fate, hang in the balance in this novel of revolution and betrayal. Set between an icy unheaval in Kyiv and a London summer, it stars a sly oligarch, an idealistic young activist and a disgraced British diplomat. “Utterly gripping,” said the Observer, “a novel with its finger on the pulse of geopolitics that still manages to move deeply.” The Spectator called it “a searing indictment of our times”. Unconventional Wisdom. Edited by Tom Stand-age. Economist Books; 272 pages; $11.99. Profile Books; ￡8.99 A compendium of our explainer articles and daily charts, which spell out how much a ghost reduces a house’s value, how pregnancy makes people more law-abiding and why friends prefer sloppily wrapped Christmas gifts. Compiled by one of our deputy editors. The Best. By Tim Wig-more and Mark Williams. Moblus; 256 pages; $24.95. Nicholas Brealey; ￡20 A contributor on sport and his co-author cover topics such as why younger siblings have more chance of becoming elite sportsmen, why mid-sized towns produce the most champions and the science of performance. They draw on interviews with Marcus Rash-ford, Pete Sampras and Steph Curry, among others. “Excellent”, said the Australian. The Classical School. By Callum Williams. Hachette; 288 pages; $16.99. Profile Books; ￡20 A high-speed history of Western economic thought, by our senior economics writer, told in the form of 20 biographies. Alongside household names such as Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, there are chapters on lesser-known figures such as Harriet Martineau and Dadabhai Naoroji. The Times called it a “brisk, absorbing and entertaining history lesson” with “an engaging cast of characters” that “leaves you a lot wiser”. The Wake-Up Call. By Adrian Woold-ridge and John Micklethwait. HarperVia; 176 pages; $18. Short Books; ￡9.99 The pandemic, say our political editor and Bloom-berg’s editor-in-chief, proves that government is not just a diversion for politicians but a matter of life and death. The poor performance of Western democracies, particularly America and Britain, shows how far they have fallen behind the Far East, notably China. “A shot in the arm,” said the Financial Times. “Full marks for sounding the alarm,” said the Times Literary Supplement. 40．Which one of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．More is a detailed survey of individual opinions about how global economy has developed through the links between people and countries so far. B．All of the books are originally written by the writer(s) listed after the name of the book. C．Independence Square is a novel, which describes historical issues in different cities such as Kyiv and London through the life of individuals. D．According to The Wake-Up Call, the pandemic serves as an alarm for western democracies to reflect on the role of a government. 41．If you are interested in reading stories of famous people and getting wisdom, the best choice for you is _____. A．Coveted B．Unconventional Wisdom C．The Best D．The Classical School 42．Which one of the following topics is not included in these books? A．economics B．arts C．sports D．geography C The emergence of black holes undoubtedly marks the beginning of a revolution. Black holes have many peculiar properties, such as the alteration of space and time, the radiation of gravitational waves and so on. Scientists are still trying to study the properties and evolution of black holes in order to better understand the origin and evolution of the universe. Recently, a team of astronomers may have found a solo-wandering black hole using a strange trick of gravity called microlensing (微透镜效应), but the results still have to be confirmed. Sometimes it’s tough being an astronomer. Nature likes to hide the most interesting things from easy observation. Take, for example, black holes. Except for the strange quantum (量子) phenomenon of Hawking radiation, black holes are completely black. They don’t emit a single bit of radiation – they only absorb, hence their name. To date, the only way astronomers have been able to spot black holes is through their influence on their environments. For example, if an orbiting star gets a little too close, the black hole can absorb the gas from that star, causing it to heat up as it falls. We can watch as stars dance around the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Even the famed pictures of the black holes in the center of the Milky Way and the M87 galaxy(星系) aren’t photographs of the black holes themselves. Instead, they are radio images of everything around them. But surely not all black holes have other light-emitting objects around them to help us find them. To find these wanderers, astronomers have tried their luck with microlensing. We know that heavy objects can bend the path of light around them. This is a prediction of Einstein’s general theory of relativity, and the slight bending of starlight around our own sun was one of the first successful tests of the theory. Microlensing is pretty much what the name suggests. When astronomers get extremely lucky, a wandering black hole and pass between us and a random distant star. The light from that star bends around the black hole because of its gravity, and from our point of view, the star will appear to temporarily flare in brightness. And when I say “extremely lucky” I mean it. Despite trying this technique for over a decade, it is only now that astronomers have found a candidate black hole through microlensing. Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun. If the true mass of the object is at the lower end of that spectrum (光谱), then the wanderer is probably not a black hole. 43．Why does the author say it is hard to be an astronomer? A．Einstein’s theory is hard to understand. B．Many things in nature are not easy to observe. C．Understanding the evolution of the universe is not easy. D．Whether the black hole has been found remains to be seen. 44．What is the example in Para. 4 trying to prove? A．Stars’ wandering in black holes. B．Black holes’ absorbing the star’s gas. C．The relationship between stars’ heating and black holes. D．Finding black holes by observing environmental changes. 45．What does the author tell us about the discovery of black holes? A．People can often find black holes with glowing objects. B．Research groups can work together to find black holes. C．Glowing objects around black holes help us find them sometimes. D．Understanding the properties of black holes helps find them. 46．What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph? A．To persevere in the end is to win. B．Facts speak louder than words. C．Failure is the mother of success. D．Things are not always what they seem. Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing “Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.” The audience watched in amazement, and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage. No, this wasn’t a scene from a Disney movie. 47 His background helps explain his passion for music. The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October 1949 in Maastricht, Netherlands. He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument! 48 He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra. They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz. 49 Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide. He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing 40 million records. He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet. His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncé and Bruce Springsteen! Many classical concerts are serious events, but Rieu’s are the opposite. He’s been nicknamed “The King of the Waltz” because he loves waltzes. 50 Rieu says, “I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen.” His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises, like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins. As Rieu says, “I only play music that touched my heart. And I know when it touches my heart, it will touch your heart.” During his performances, many audience members are visibly moved. They often clap, sing, dance, laugh, weep or hug one another. Rieu promises his audience, “You will have an evening that you will never forget.”And he is true to his word. A．Afterward, he sold over 200,000 CDs and his popularity rising. B．Rather, it was part of one of André Rieu’s amazing concerts. C．As a result, Rieu became a house-hold name and won great popularity. D．Yet his shows consist of an extensive variety of musical genres and performances. E．Then, Rieu continued his style until he got his nickname. F．From early on, Rieu knew what he wanted - his own orchestra. III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. England Prohibits Phones in Schools, But Will It Help? Recently, England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day, including break times. The guidance offers schools a variety of ways to implement (实施) the ban, ranging from an order to leave all phones at home, to handing them in on arrival or keeping them in inaccessible lockers. England’s response to the growing frustration with students’ cellphone use during school time is not unfounded. The United Nations this past summer published a report issuing a strong warning regarding technology use in schools around the globe. Some countries had already implemented strict “no-cellphone” policies. For example, France prohibited students in elementary and middle schools from using cellphones while on campus. Meanwhile, it is reported that most teens use their phones for an average of 43 minutes during school hours, with some students reaching six hours on the high end. These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety. Worse still, almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’ mobile phones. However, some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children. “We work with children daily. We understand that a phone is a device to pay for a bus, contact your mum, and find information,” Kidron, a secondary school teacher, said. “So the device is not the issue; it is the persistent irresponsible content provided by online tech platforms that is to blame. Companies that engage with children, therefore, should offer content that is suitable for their age and development capacity.” Ghey, a concerned mother, also raised her voice on this matter, but with a different perspective. She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．大多数中国人喜欢在生日的时候吃碗面。(tend) (汉译英) 53．这家软件公司会从技术上保护设计师的创意。(perspective) (汉译英) 54．她原以为没多少人会来体育馆看比赛，结果看台上座无虚席。(it) (汉译英) 55．这位摄影师觉得去热门景点拍照没意思，他已计划好要去沙漠找灵感。(instead) (汉译英) 七、书信写作 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物，购买者能在小程序上看到商家信息、价格和取货时间。英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏欢迎读者来信，就这一做法展开讨论。假定你是高三学生李华，请给专栏编辑写信，表达看法，说明理由。 (食物盲盒: mystery boxes of randomly packed leftover foods ) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 绝密★考试结束前 2026年高考第一次模拟考试（上海卷） 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. How to Be Stylish While Protecting the Environment Despite the huge numbers of people who care about the environment and love clothes, there is a basic conflict about being green and being fashionable. This is because the fashion industry depends on a constant stream of ever-changing trends, 1 means you have to keep consuming. However, buying 2 awful lot of things that you don’t need, in this case new clothes, is harmful to the environment. Even so, there are still some measures you can take to achieve 3 of the goals. Firstly, rather than base your choice of clothes on 4 the fashion industry says you should, choose your own look. If you do this, you’ll look a lot more like an individual, and probably 5 (genuinely) stylish. It does not require any sense of style 6 (copy) the looks in fashion magazines but developing your own certainly does. You’ll find that you buy fewer clothes 7 they aren’t going in and out of fashion every week, and this helps the environment. Some people think that another way of achieving this is to buy only natural materials, like cotton. But the production of some plant-based materials involves the use of enormous quantities of pesticides (杀虫剂). In fact, cotton is an especially dirty crop, with methods 8 (use) in its production which can destroy the local environment. If you want to avoid adding to soil and water pollution in this manner, simply 9 (choose) organic materials. In the end, what you wear is your choice and no one would suggest that this should not be a free choice. But we hope that, 10 (read) this, you will be aware of the impact your choices may have on the health of our planet. 【答案】 1．which 2．an 3．both/either 4．whatever/what 5．more genuinely 6．to copy 7．because/as/since 8．used 9．choose 10．having read/reading 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在追求时尚的同时保护环境，给出了一些具体的建议和措施。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为时尚产业依赖于不断变化的潮流，这意味着你必须不断消费。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 2．考查冠词。句意：然而，买一大堆你不需要的东西，比如新衣服，对环境是有害的。此处是固定搭配：an awful lot of意为“大量”。故填an。 3．考查代词。句意：即便如此，你仍然可以采取一些措施来实现这两个目标。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词或者代词作宾语，根据句意，此处用固定搭配：both of意为“两个都”或者either of意为“任何一个”符合语境。故填both或者either。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：首先，与其根据时尚界的说法选择衣服，不如选择自己的风格。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，可用what引导，也可用whatever（无论什么）引导。故填what或者whatever。 5．考查副词。句意：如果你这样做，你会看起来更有个性，也可能更有型。根据前文more like以及and可知，前后为并列成分，所以也用比较级。故填more genuinely。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：模仿时尚杂志上的造型并不需要任何风格感，但发展自己的风格当然需要。此处是“It+及物动词+宾语+to do”结构，it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。故填to copy。 7．考查状语从句。句意：你会发现你买的衣服少了，因为它们不是每周都在流行和过时，这有助于环境。根据句意，空处引导原因状语从句，可用because，as或者since引导。故填because或者as或者since。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，棉花是一种特别肮脏的作物，它的生产方法会破坏当地的环境。此处是with引导的复合结构，methods和use之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填used。 9．考查祈使句。句意：如果你想避免以这种方式增加土壤和水污染，只需选择有机材料。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，动词用原形。故填choose。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：但我们希望，在读完这篇文章后，你会意识到你的选择可能对我们这个星球的健康产生的影响。本句已有谓语动词，所以read用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，还可理解为动作发生在“意识到”之前，用现在分词的完成式。故填having read或者reading。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access     B．ended     C． exchanged     D．increased     E. mirrored     F. narrow G. non-judgmentally     H. non-productively    I. shame     J. stranger     K. understood For Those in Crisis, a Friend to Text “A 19-year-old woman wrote to me in a text message, saying she was feeling hopeless and beginning to give up on life. . . . ” Aaron, a veteran (老兵) , has himself suffered from the similar stress and depression. He 11 the feeling. For the past year, Aaron has been volunteering with the Crisis Text Line (CTL), a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline can 12 through the number 741741. The line currently has 1, 500 volunteer Crisis Consultants across the country and has 13 more than 19 million texts — 50,000 messages a day. As he had been instructed, Aaron “listened” openly and 14 to the young woman. He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems. Mostly, his messages 15 back what he’d heard from her, occasionally emphasizing a strength that he’d noticed — like the fact that she’d taken this step to help herself even in the middle of her depression. “A lot of people feel extremely lonely,” he says. “Sometimes it takes a(n) 16 , not a close friend, to say, ‘Hey, you’ve been through a lot, but you’ve been helping yourself. If you can do that, you can do more. ’ Many people reply, ‘I’ve never thought about it that way.’” The goal of a crisis line, explains Nancy Lublin, who runs the CTL, is 17 . It’s not treatment; it’s meant to bring people from “a moment of hot to a moment of cool, ” so consultants can suggest ways the texter can move to a place of 18 safety. Researchers are excited about the text line. “Teens have been reluctant to use crisis services,” observes Anthony Pisani. “The CTL offers a layer of protection from the 19 of expressing your weaknesses.” As for the woman with whom Aaron was communicating, the opportunity to share her feelings with a kind stranger appeared to help. “She said she couldn't remember the last time anyone had told her they believed in her,” Aaron recalls. She 20 the conversation the way people often do, by texting, “Thanks for listening.” 【答案】 11．K 12．A 13．C 14．G 15．E 16．J 17．F 18．D 19．I 20．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Crisis Text Line (CTL)是一个帮助人们在情感危机中找到支持的短信服务，通过志愿者提供倾听和陪伴，帮助人们安抚情绪，找到安全的方法。 11．考查动词。句意：他理解这种感觉。空处为句子的谓语动词。此处表示Aaron理解压力和抑郁带来的感受。understand“理解”符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选K。 12．考查动词。句意：在过去的一年里，Aaron一直在危机短信热线（CTL）做志愿者，这是一个24小时免费服务，有需要的人可以通过拨打741741这个号码接入。根据空前的can可知，空处需要动词原形。根据“a free 24-hour service that people in need of a lifeline”可知，需要的人能通过拨打741741这个号码接入危机短信热线。access为动词“进入”，符合语境。故选A。 13．考查动词。句意：该热线目前在全国各地有1500名志愿者危机顾问，每天交换超过1900万条短信，即5万条。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空后的more than 19 million texts可知，这条热线已经交换了超过1900万条短信。exchange为动词“交换”，符合语境。根据空前的has可知，本句话为现在完成时态，空处需要过去分词。故选C。 14．考查副词。句意：按照指示，Aaron以开放和非评判的态度“倾听”这位年轻女士的心声。空处需要副词和空前的openly作并列状语，修饰动词listened。non-judgmentally为副词“不批评地”，符合语境。故选G。 15．考查动词。句意：大多数情况下，他的信息只是反映了从她那里听到的内容，偶尔强调他注意到的一个优点——比如她在抑郁症期间还能采取行动帮助自己这一点。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据空前的“He didn’t offer advice: he didn’t try to help her solve her problems.”可知，Aaron不给建议，他的信息只反映他听到的内容。mirror为动词“反映”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选E。 16．考查名词。句意：“很多人感到非常孤独，”他说。“有时候，需要一个陌生人，而不是亲密的朋友，来说‘嘿，你经历了很多，但你在帮助自己。’根据空前的a (n)可知，空处需要名词。根据not a close friend可知，此处表示一个陌生人。stranger为名词“陌生人”，符合语境。故选J。 17．考查形容词。句意：CTL的负责人Nancy Lublin解释说，危机热线的目标刚刚好。空处需要形容词作表语。narrow为形容词“刚刚好的”，此处指危机热线的目标刚刚好，即他们不是去治疗，而是让人们冷静下来。故选F。 18．考查形容词。句意：它的目的是让人们从“激动时刻”转变为“冷静时刻”，这样顾问就可以建议发件人如何转移到更安全的状态。空处需要形容词作定语。increased为形容词“增强的”，此处指让人们转移到更安全的状态。故选D。 19．考查名词。句意：CTL提供了一层保护，让你在表达自己的弱点时不会感到羞耻。空处需要名词作介词的宾语。根据“expressing your weaknesses”可知，人们在表达自己的弱点时会感到羞愧。shame为名词“羞愧”，符合语境。故选I。 20．考查动词。句意：她像人们通常做的那样，通过发短信结束了对话：“谢谢你倾听。”空处为句子的谓语动词。根据“Thanks for listening.”可知，这位女士结束了对话。end为动词“结束”，符合语境。句子陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。故选B。 II. Reading Comprehension (21 – 35题，每题1分；36 – 50题，每题2分；共45分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can exercise and develop. Almost anyone can learn to develop their reward sensitivity by 21 themselves to notice and experience their positive emotions. To raise your reward sensitivity, begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of 22 . It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack or reading a few pages of a novel. This will make you less likely to 23 positive experiences. After you’ve enjoyed that 24 moment, close your eyes and recount out loud where and when you experienced the greatest joy. The idea isn’t just to remember how you felt, but to enhance and re-experience it, thus 25 your memory of them, and increasing your motivation to seek them out going forward. Here are some other adjustments you can make to develop a positive mind-set. Expand your joy 26 : Research suggests that finding more words to describe positive emotions can prove and increase them. When reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be 27 , using words like calm, overjoyed, delighted, inspired beyond fine, good or great. Share your highlight reel (高光时刻): 28 what made you happiest can make you feel better. Spread that happiness to another person — and also strengthen a bond. Find bright sides: With practice, it’s possible to 29 the positives hidden in things that we might first see as negative. For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could easily view that as a (n) 30 . But the bright side would be that you got to know that one person better. Forecast future wins: If you’re tight scheduled, pick an event that’s approaching and think of the best possible 31 . If you’re tired, 32 smiling at your friend across the room, feeling proud. Using imagery can encourage motivation and get you ready for more 33 experiences. Keep in mind, too, that it’s normal to feel 34 with pleasurable feelings sometimes, particularly if you experience depression and anxiety. Worrying can make you feel like you’re ready to respond to threats — but by constantly 35 disaster, we miss the happiness in front of us right now. Sometimes we need to behave like happy people if we actually want to be happy. 21．A．attracting B．demonstrating C．entertaining D．training 22．A．accomplishment B．belonging C．identity D．responsibility 23．A．broaden B．postpone C．provide D．share 24．A．critical B．daily C．rare D．spare 25．A．recalling B．recovering C．searching D．strengthening 26．A．reflection B．selection C．trial D．vocabulary 27．A．brief B．creative C．precise D．secure 28．A．Broadcasting B．Choosing C．Defining D．Wondering 29．A．cover B．divide C．teach D．notice 30．A．failure B．opportunity C．reward D．surprise 31．A．initiative B．outcome C．prize D．solution 32．A．avoid B．imagine C．practice D．try 33．A．direct B．inspiring C．sensory D．shared 34．A．content B．distracted C．easy D．uncomfortable 35．A．ending in B．guarding against C．heading for D．preparing for 【答案】 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．D 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了如何通过锻炼和发展追求幸福的“肌肉”来提高个人的奖励敏感度，以及如何通过一系列具体的调整来培养积极的心态。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几乎任何人都可以通过训练自己去注意和体验积极情绪，来学习提高自己的奖励敏感度。A. attracting吸引；B. demonstrating展示；C. entertaining娱乐；D. training培训。根据上文“Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can exercise and develop.”可知，我们可以通过训练来获得幸福。故选D。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：要提高你的奖励敏感度，首先从每天计划一项活动开始，这项活动会让你感到快乐或给你一种成就感。A. accomplishment成就；B. belonging归属；C. identity身份；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“make you happy”可推测，空处和幸福相似。由此可知，空处选A，意为“成就感”。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样你就不会轻易推迟去体验那些积极的时刻。A. broaden拓宽；B. postpone推迟；C. provide提供；D. share分享。根据上文“It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack or reading a few pages of a novel.”可知，当我们完成一项活动时，可以适当奖励自己。由此可知，这样我们才不会推迟去做这项活动。故选B。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在你享受了那个日常的快乐时刻后，闭上眼睛，大声地回顾你在哪里、什么时候体验到了最大的快乐。A. critical关键的；B. daily日常的；C. rare罕见的；D. spare空闲的。根据上文“To raise your reward sensitivity, begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a sense of  ____2____ .”可知，作者建议我们每天一项活动，所以这是日常的快乐时刻。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样做的目的不仅仅是记住你的感受，而是要增强并重新体验那种快乐，从而加深你对它们的记忆，并增加你今后去追求它们的动力。A. recalling回忆；B. recovering恢复；C. searching搜索；D. strengthening加强。根据上文“The idea isn’t just to remember how you felt, but to enhance and re-experience it”以及下文的“increasing your motivation to seek them out going forward.”可推测，空处指的是加深记忆，从而有动力去追求快乐。故选D。 26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：扩展你的快乐词汇：研究表明，找到更多描述积极情绪的词可以证实并增加这些情绪。A. reflection反思；B. selection选择；C. trial试验；D. vocabulary词汇。根据下文“Research suggests that finding more words to describe positive emotions can prove and increase them.”可知，作者建议我们扩展关于快乐的词汇。故选D。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你在反思某件事情给你带来的感受时，试着更精确地使用词语，比如“平静”、 “欣喜若狂”、 “高兴”、 “受到鼓舞”，而不仅仅是“不错”、 “好”或“很棒”。A. brief简短的；B. creative有创造力的；C. precise精确的；D. secure安全的。根据下文“using words like calm, overjoyed, delighted, inspired beyond fine, good or great.”可推测，作者建议我们使用更精确的词汇，而不是简单的“不错”、 “好”或“很棒”。故选C。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享你的高光时刻：分享让你最快乐的事情可以让你感觉更好。A. Broadcasting广播、散布；B. Choosing选择；C. Defining定义；D. Wondering想知道。根据上文“Share your highlight reel (高光时刻)”可知，作者建议我们分享自己的高光时刻。由此可知，作者建议我们分享让自己快乐的事情。故选A。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：寻找光明面：通过练习，我们有可能注意到那些我们最初可能视为负面的事情中隐藏的积极因素。A. cover覆盖；B. divide划分；C. teach教；D. notice注意到。根据空后“the positives hidden in things that we might first see as negative.”可推测，我们可以通过练习注意到积极的因素。故选D。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，如果你邀请同事聚会，但只有一个人来了，你可能会很容易把这看作是一种失败。A. failure失败；B. opportunity机会；C. reward奖励；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文“But the bright side would be that you got to know that one person better.”可推测，空处指的是我们可能会将这看作失败，但是其实这件事也有积极的一面。故选A。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：预测未来的胜利：如果你的日程安排很紧，就选择一个即将发生的事件，并想象最好的结果。A. initiative倡议；B. outcome结果；C. prize奖品；D. solution解决方案。根据上文“Forecast future wins: If you’re tight scheduled, pick an event that’s approaching”中的“that’s approaching”可推测，空处指的是想象可能的“结果”。故选B。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你感到疲倦，就想象自己在房间的另一边对朋友微笑，感到自豪。A. avoid避免；B. imagine想象；C. practice练习；D. try尝试。根据下文“Using imagery can encourage motivation and get you ready for more ____13____ experiences.”中的“imagery”可推测，空处指的是想象自己在对着朋友微笑。故选B。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使用想象力可以激发动力，让你为更多鼓舞人心的经历做好准备。A. direct直接的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. sensory感觉的；D. shared共享的。根据本段内容可知，本段建议我们想象未来会有好的结果，由此可推测，空处指的是“鼓舞人心的或好的”经历。故选B。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还要记住，有时候对愉悦的感觉感到不舒服是正常的，特别是如果你患有抑郁症和焦虑症。A. content满足的；B. distracted分心的；C. easy容易的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据下文“particularly if you experience depression and anxiety.”以及“Worrying can make you feel like you’re ready to respond to threats”可推测，作者认为有时候对愉悦的感觉感到不舒服，这很正常。故选D。 35．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：担忧可能会让你觉得自己已经准备好应对威胁——但如果我们总是为灾难做准备，就会错过眼前的幸福。A. ending in以……结束；B. guarding against防范；C. heading for前往；D. preparing for为……做准备。根据上文“Worrying can make you feel like you’re ready to respond to threats”可知，空处指的是为灾难做准备。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements. Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵). After weeks of fermentation, Brand boiled the urine down to a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture to an extreme temperature. What emerged from this process was a substance that was entirely new to the world of science — a white solid that shone with a soft light in the dark. Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious. The implications of Brand’s discovery were far-reaching. Phosphorus was not only a novelty but also a substance with practical applications. It would later become an essential component in the production of matches, fertilizers, and various chemicals. Hennig Brand’s accidental discovery of phosphorus in 1669 was more than just finding a new element; it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry. Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment. 36．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The fall of ancient alchemists and the rise of modern chemists. B．The accidental discovery of phosphorus and its scientific impact. C．The importance of human urine in scientific experiments. D．The transformation of base metals into gold through magic. 37．What was Hennig Brand’s initial goal when he started his experiments? A．To turn human urine into gold. B．To discover a new element. C．To produce a glowing substance. D．To reform modern chemistry. 38．The underlined word “cornerstone” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ________. A．mystery B．symbol C．obstacle D．foundation 39．What can be inferred about Hennig Brand from the passage? A．He was a serious chemist who followed established scientific methods. B．He was a visionary scientist who predicted the future of chemistry. C．He was a curious individual willing to explore unconventional ideas. D．He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding of chemistry. 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了商人亨尼格·布兰德是如何意外发现了磷这种物质的，以及其发现的深远意义。 36．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements.(1669年，一位名叫亨尼格·布兰德的德国商人开始了一项不寻常的探索，这项探索将导致化学史上最令人着迷的发现之一。长久以来，炼金术士梦想着神奇地将贱金属变成黄金，布兰德在这个梦想的驱使下，进行了一系列的实验，这些实验将永远改变我们对元素的理解)”以及第四段“Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious.(布兰德将这种发光材料命名为“磷”，这个词来源于希腊语，意思是“光的承担者”。磷的发现不仅是科学上的突破；它吸引了公众和科学界的想象力。它在黑暗中发光的能力既迷人又神秘)”结合文章主要说明了商人亨尼格·布兰德是如何意外发现了磷这种物质的，以及其发现的深远意义。可知，这篇文章的主旨是磷的偶然发现及其科学影响。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据第二段“Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵).(布兰德的旅程始于一个假设，即创造“黄金”的关键存在于人的尿液中。这个看似奇怪的想法是由于观察到尿液和贵金属有相似的黄色。基于这一信念，布兰德收集了惊人的5000升尿液，并让它静置发酵)”可知，亨尼格·布兰德开始实验时的最初目标是把人尿变成金子。故选A。 38．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry.(它标志着神奇化学时代的结束和现代化学的开始)”以及后文“in the field of science”可知，磷的发现标志着神奇化学时代的结束和现代化学的开始，说明是科学领域的基础。故划线词cornerstone意思是“基础”，与foundation意思相近。故选D。 39．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry.(1669年，一位名叫亨尼格·布兰德的德国商人开始了一项不寻常的探索，这项探索将导致化学史上最令人着迷的发现之一)”以及最后一段“Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment.(布兰德的“磷”曾被视为致富的手段，如今却成为科学领域的基石，清楚地展示了好奇心的力量，以及通往启蒙的意外之路)”可知，亨尼·布兰德是个具有好奇心的人，愿意探索非传统的想法。故选C。 B Books by Economist writers More. By Philip Coggan. Hachette; 496 pages; $34. Profile Books; ￡25 A history of the global economy by our Bartleby Columnist. Covering the development of key sectors such as manufacturing and energy production, it shows how links between people and countries have allowed individuals to grow not just more prosperous, but taller and stronger, and to live longer and have more choice in how they run their lives. A “brilliant survey”, thought the Times; a “fantastic sweep”, reckoned the Financial Times. Coveted. By Melanie Grant. Phaidon; 208 pages; $89.95 and ￡69.95 When, asks the picture and luxury editor of 1843, does jewelry make the leap from fashion accessory to art? Her richly illustrated profiles of leading designers range from Faberge’s and Cartier’s links to Art Nouveau and Art Deco, to the collaboration between Georg Jensen, a Scandinavian brand, with the architect Zaha Hadid. The New York Times said “the book showed the complexity, power and artistic impact of great design.” Independence Square. By A．D．Miller. Pegasus Books; 228 pages; $25.95. Harvill Secker; ￡14.99 A nation’s future, and a man’s fate, hang in the balance in this novel of revolution and betrayal. Set between an icy unheaval in Kyiv and a London summer, it stars a sly oligarch, an idealistic young activist and a disgraced British diplomat. “Utterly gripping,” said the Observer, “a novel with its finger on the pulse of geopolitics that still manages to move deeply.” The Spectator called it “a searing indictment of our times”. Unconventional Wisdom. Edited by Tom Stand-age. Economist Books; 272 pages; $11.99. Profile Books; ￡8.99 A compendium of our explainer articles and daily charts, which spell out how much a ghost reduces a house’s value, how pregnancy makes people more law-abiding and why friends prefer sloppily wrapped Christmas gifts. Compiled by one of our deputy editors. The Best. By Tim Wig-more and Mark Williams. Moblus; 256 pages; $24.95. Nicholas Brealey; ￡20 A contributor on sport and his co-author cover topics such as why younger siblings have more chance of becoming elite sportsmen, why mid-sized towns produce the most champions and the science of performance. They draw on interviews with Marcus Rash-ford, Pete Sampras and Steph Curry, among others. “Excellent”, said the Australian. The Classical School. By Callum Williams. Hachette; 288 pages; $16.99. Profile Books; ￡20 A high-speed history of Western economic thought, by our senior economics writer, told in the form of 20 biographies. Alongside household names such as Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, there are chapters on lesser-known figures such as Harriet Martineau and Dadabhai Naoroji. The Times called it a “brisk, absorbing and entertaining history lesson” with “an engaging cast of characters” that “leaves you a lot wiser”. The Wake-Up Call. By Adrian Woold-ridge and John Micklethwait. HarperVia; 176 pages; $18. Short Books; ￡9.99 The pandemic, say our political editor and Bloom-berg’s editor-in-chief, proves that government is not just a diversion for politicians but a matter of life and death. The poor performance of Western democracies, particularly America and Britain, shows how far they have fallen behind the Far East, notably China. “A shot in the arm,” said the Financial Times. “Full marks for sounding the alarm,” said the Times Literary Supplement. 40．Which one of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．More is a detailed survey of individual opinions about how global economy has developed through the links between people and countries so far. B．All of the books are originally written by the writer(s) listed after the name of the book. C．Independence Square is a novel, which describes historical issues in different cities such as Kyiv and London through the life of individuals. D．According to The Wake-Up Call, the pandemic serves as an alarm for western democracies to reflect on the role of a government. 41．If you are interested in reading stories of famous people and getting wisdom, the best choice for you is _____. A．Coveted B．Unconventional Wisdom C．The Best D．The Classical School 42．Which one of the following topics is not included in these books? A．economics B．arts C．sports D．geography 【答案】40．D 41．D 42．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是经济学家作家写的几本书。 40．细节理解题。根据The Wake-Up Call部分的“The pandemic, say our political editor and Bloom-berg’s editor-in-chief, proves that government is not just a diversion for politicians but a matter of life and death. The poor performance of Western democracies, particularly America and Britain, shows how far they have fallen behind the Far East, notably China.(我们的政治编辑和彭博社的总编说，疫情证明政府不只是政客的消遣，而是一个生死攸关的问题。西方民主国家(尤其是美国和英国)的糟糕表现表明，他们已经远远落后于远东国家，尤其是中国。)”可知，根据The Wake-Up Call这本书所写，大流行给西方民主国家敲响了警钟，让他们反思政府的作用。故选D。 41．细节理解题。根据The Classical School部分的“Alongside household names such as Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, there are chapters on lesser-known figures such as Harriet Martineau and Dadabhai Naoroji.(除了亚当•斯密(Adam Smith)和约翰•斯图亚特•密尔(John Stuart Mill)等家喻户晓的名字外，书中还有一些章节介绍了哈里特•马蒂诺(Harriet Martineau)和达达巴海•娜罗吉(Dadabhai Naoroji)等不太知名的人物。)”可知，如果你对阅读名人故事和获得智慧感兴趣，最好的选择是The Classical School，故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据More部分的“A history of the global economy by our Bartleby Columnist.(我们的专栏作家巴特比所写的全球经济的历史。)”可知，More是关于经济的；根据Coveted部分的“The New York Times said "the book showed “the complexity, power and artistic impact of great design.”(《纽约时报》称，“这本书展示了伟大设计的复杂性、力量和艺术影响力。”)”可知，Coveted这本书是关于艺术的；根据The Best部分的“A contributor on sport and his co-author cover topics such as why younger siblings have more chance of becoming elite sportsmen, why mid-sized towns produce the most champions and the science of performance.(一位体育撰稿人和他的合著者讨论了一些话题，比如为什么弟弟妹妹更有可能成为精英运动员，为什么中等规模的城镇产生了最多的冠军，以及表现的科学。)”可知，The Best这本书是关于体育的，因此这几本书里不包括地理这个话题，故选D。 C The emergence of black holes undoubtedly marks the beginning of a revolution. Black holes have many peculiar properties, such as the alteration of space and time, the radiation of gravitational waves and so on. Scientists are still trying to study the properties and evolution of black holes in order to better understand the origin and evolution of the universe. Recently, a team of astronomers may have found a solo-wandering black hole using a strange trick of gravity called microlensing (微透镜效应), but the results still have to be confirmed. Sometimes it’s tough being an astronomer. Nature likes to hide the most interesting things from easy observation. Take, for example, black holes. Except for the strange quantum (量子) phenomenon of Hawking radiation, black holes are completely black. They don’t emit a single bit of radiation – they only absorb, hence their name. To date, the only way astronomers have been able to spot black holes is through their influence on their environments. For example, if an orbiting star gets a little too close, the black hole can absorb the gas from that star, causing it to heat up as it falls. We can watch as stars dance around the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Even the famed pictures of the black holes in the center of the Milky Way and the M87 galaxy(星系) aren’t photographs of the black holes themselves. Instead, they are radio images of everything around them. But surely not all black holes have other light-emitting objects around them to help us find them. To find these wanderers, astronomers have tried their luck with microlensing. We know that heavy objects can bend the path of light around them. This is a prediction of Einstein’s general theory of relativity, and the slight bending of starlight around our own sun was one of the first successful tests of the theory. Microlensing is pretty much what the name suggests. When astronomers get extremely lucky, a wandering black hole and pass between us and a random distant star. The light from that star bends around the black hole because of its gravity, and from our point of view, the star will appear to temporarily flare in brightness. And when I say “extremely lucky” I mean it. Despite trying this technique for over a decade, it is only now that astronomers have found a candidate black hole through microlensing. Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun. If the true mass of the object is at the lower end of that spectrum (光谱), then the wanderer is probably not a black hole. 43．Why does the author say it is hard to be an astronomer? A．Einstein’s theory is hard to understand. B．Many things in nature are not easy to observe. C．Understanding the evolution of the universe is not easy. D．Whether the black hole has been found remains to be seen. 44．What is the example in Para. 4 trying to prove? A．Stars’ wandering in black holes. B．Black holes’ absorbing the star’s gas. C．The relationship between stars’ heating and black holes. D．Finding black holes by observing environmental changes. 45．What does the author tell us about the discovery of black holes? A．People can often find black holes with glowing objects. B．Research groups can work together to find black holes. C．Glowing objects around black holes help us find them sometimes. D．Understanding the properties of black holes helps find them. 46．What conclusion can we draw from the last paragraph? A．To persevere in the end is to win. B．Facts speak louder than words. C．Failure is the mother of success. D．Things are not always what they seem. 【答案】43．B 44．D 45．C 46．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微引力透镜效应的概念、天文学家通过这一技术寻找黑洞的过程，以及不同团队在估计潜在黑洞质量时产生的差异。 43．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sometimes it’s tough being an astronomer. Nature likes to hide the most interesting things from easy observation.(有时候做天文学家很艰难。大自然喜欢把最有趣的东西隐藏起来，不让人轻易观察。)”可知，作者说天文学家很难是因为大自然喜欢把最有趣的东西隐藏起来，不让人轻易观察。故选B。 44．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To date, the only way astronomers have been able to spot black holes is through their influence on their environments. For example, if an orbiting star gets a little too close, the black hole can absorb the gas from that star, causing it to heat up as it falls. We can watch as stars dance around the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way.(迄今为止，天文学家能够发现黑洞的唯一方法是通过它们对周围环境的影响。例如，如果一颗绕轨道运行的恒星靠得太近，黑洞就会吸收恒星的气体，导致恒星下落时温度升高。我们可以看到恒星在银河系中心的巨大黑洞周围跳舞。)”可知，本段的例子试图证明的是首句的观点，即天文学家能够发现黑洞的唯一方法是通过它们对周围环境的影响。故选D。 45．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“To date, the only way astronomers have been able to spot black holes is through their influence on their environments. For example, if an orbiting star gets a little too close, the black hole can absorb the gas from that star, causing it to heat up as it falls. We can watch as stars dance around the giant black hole at the center of the Milky Way.(迄今为止，天文学家能够发现黑洞的唯一方法是通过它们对周围环境的影响。例如，如果一颗绕轨道运行的恒星靠得太近，黑洞就会吸收恒星的气体，导致恒星下落时温度升高。我们可以看到恒星在银河系中心的巨大黑洞周围跳舞。)”以及第七段“When astronomers get extremely lucky, a wandering black hole and pass between us and a random distant star. The light from that star bends around the black hole because of its gravity, and from our point of view, the star will appear to temporarily flare in brightness. (当天文学家非常幸运的时候，一个游荡的黑洞会从我们和一颗随机的遥远恒星之间经过。由于黑洞的引力，这颗恒星发出的光会在黑洞周围弯曲，从我们的角度来看，这颗恒星的亮度会暂时变亮。)”可知，黑洞周围的发光物体有时可以帮助天文学家找到它们。故选C。 46．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“Two teams used the same data, a microlensing event recorded from both the OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) telescope in Chile and the MOA (Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics) telescope in New Zealand. One team found that the mass was somewhere around seven times the mass of the sun – definitely black hole territory. But the other team estimated a much smaller mass, around 2-4 times the mass of the Sun.(两个团队使用了相同的数据，智利的OGLE(光学引力透镜实验)望远镜和新西兰的MOA(天体物理学中的微透镜观测)望远镜都记录了一个微透镜事件。一个研究小组发现，它的质量大约是太阳质量的7倍——绝对是黑洞的范围。但另一个小组估计的质量要小得多，大约是太阳质量的2-4倍。)”可知，最后一段提到了分析微透镜事件的两个团队在质量估计上的差异。这种差异表明，即使有科学数据和分析，一个物体的真实性质(在这种情况下，无论它是否是黑洞)也可能无法立即显现。不同的结论表明，即使有科学证据，事情也并不总是像它们看起来的那样。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Mary Poppins held on to her famous black umbrella while floating overhead and singing “Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.” The audience watched in amazement, and many sang along! Poppins floated for a bit and eventually landed in the midst of the excited crowd before getting on stage. No, this wasn’t a scene from a Disney movie. 47 His background helps explain his passion for music. The world-renowned violinist and conductor was born into a musical family in October 1949 in Maastricht, Netherlands. He began learning to play the violin at age five and immediately fell in love with the instrument! 48 He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra. They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz. 49 Today Rieu is the best-selling classical artist worldwide. He has sold in the ballpark of an astonishing 40 million records. He is the biggest male solo touring artist on the planet. His concerts sell more tickets than Beyoncé and Bruce Springsteen! Many classical concerts are serious events, but Rieu’s are the opposite. He’s been nicknamed “The King of the Waltz” because he loves waltzes. 50 Rieu says, “I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen.” His shows are attended by people of all ages and always include surprises, like the delightful appearance by Mary Poppins. As Rieu says, “I only play music that touched my heart. And I know when it touches my heart, it will touch your heart.” During his performances, many audience members are visibly moved. They often clap, sing, dance, laugh, weep or hug one another. Rieu promises his audience, “You will have an evening that you will never forget.”And he is true to his word. A．Afterward, he sold over 200,000 CDs and his popularity rising. B．Rather, it was part of one of André Rieu’s amazing concerts. C．As a result, Rieu became a house-hold name and won great popularity. D．Yet his shows consist of an extensive variety of musical genres and performances. E．Then, Rieu continued his style until he got his nickname. F．From early on, Rieu knew what he wanted - his own orchestra. 【答案】47．B 48．F 49．A 50．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐家André Rieu的个人经历以及成就。 47．根据上文“No, this wasn’t a scene from a Disney movie.(不，这不是迪斯尼电影里的场景)”可知，上文否定了不是迪斯尼电影里的场景。由此可知，本句是在解释上述的场景具体是什么。故B选项“相反，它是安德烈·里欧一场精彩音乐会的一部分”符合语境，故选B。 48．根据后文“He started by creating a small ensemble (乐团). Then in 1978, Rieu established the Maastricht Salon Orchestra, from which he later developed the Johann Strauss Orchestra.(他从创建一个小乐团开始。1978年，里欧成立了马斯特里赫特沙龙乐团，并在此基础上发展了约翰·施特劳斯乐团)”可知，本段主要介绍了里欧创建自己乐队的经过，故F选项“从一开始，里欧就知道他想要什么——他自己的管弦乐队”符合语境，故选F。 49．根据上文“They had limited success until 1995 when Rieu was asked to provide entertainment for a soccer game. He got the entire stadium to sing along to a popular waltz.(直到1995年，当Rieu被要求为一场足球比赛提供娱乐时，他们才取得了有限的成功。他让整个体育场的人跟着一首流行的华尔兹合唱)”可知，上文提到了取得了有限的成功、引发合唱，可知本句也是在说明他变得成功的过程。故A选项“之后，他卖出了20多万张CD，他的知名度越来越高”符合语境，故选A。 50．根据后文“Rieu says, “I love Johann Strauss, but I am also fascinated by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Bruce Springsteen.”(Rieu说：“我喜欢约翰·施特劳斯，但我也对安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯和布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀着迷。”)”可知，里欧的音乐包含性高，有各种元素。故D选项“然而他的演出包含了各种各样的音乐流派和表演”符合语境，故选D。 III. Summary Writing (10分) 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. England Prohibits Phones in Schools, But Will It Help? Recently, England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day, including break times. The guidance offers schools a variety of ways to implement (实施) the ban, ranging from an order to leave all phones at home, to handing them in on arrival or keeping them in inaccessible lockers. England’s response to the growing frustration with students’ cellphone use during school time is not unfounded. The United Nations this past summer published a report issuing a strong warning regarding technology use in schools around the globe. Some countries had already implemented strict “no-cellphone” policies. For example, France prohibited students in elementary and middle schools from using cellphones while on campus. Meanwhile, it is reported that most teens use their phones for an average of 43 minutes during school hours, with some students reaching six hours on the high end. These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety. Worse still, almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’ mobile phones. However, some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children. “We work with children daily. We understand that a phone is a device to pay for a bus, contact your mum, and find information,” Kidron, a secondary school teacher, said. “So the device is not the issue; it is the persistent irresponsible content provided by online tech platforms that is to blame. Companies that engage with children, therefore, should offer content that is suitable for their age and development capacity.” Ghey, a concerned mother, also raised her voice on this matter, but with a different perspective. She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools. The ban is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons. However, some argue the real issue is the irresponsible content from tech platforms and ask phone makers to produce phones tailored to minors. (57 words) 【导语】本文的体裁是议论文。文章讨论了英格兰教育部确认计划在校园内禁止学生在上课时间内使用手机的措施，包括课间休息时间。文中提到了不同学校执行禁令的方式，例如要求学生将手机留在家中，或者到校后上交手机，或者将手机锁在无法接触的储物柜中。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Recently, England’s Department of Education has confirmed plans to ban the use of mobile phones in English schools during the school day. ②England’s response to the growing frustration with students’ cellphone use during school time is not unfounded. ③These addictive devices often lead to distraction and social anxiety. Worse still, almost one-third of secondary school teachers said that their lessons were interrupted by students’ mobile phones. ④However, some people don’t believe that banning mobile phones in England’s schools will fundamentally address the harm that mobile phones do to children. She argued for the phone manufacturers to make specific products for under-18s that prevent them from accessing harmful content. 2.缜密构思 将第1、4两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools, which is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons. However, some argue that the real issue is the irresponsible content from tech platforms and ask phone makers to produce phones tailored to minors. 【点睛】[高分句型1] England has decided to ban mobile phone use in schools.使用了动词不定式作宾语。 [高分句型2]：The ban is necessary since it is a trend worldwide and the overuse of phones causes mental problems in teens and disturbs teachers’ lessons. 使用了since连接的原因状语从句。 IV. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52．大多数中国人喜欢在生日的时候吃碗面。(tend) (汉译英) 【答案】Most Chinese people tend to eat a bowl of noodles on their birthdays. 【详解】考查动词短语。“大多数中国人”可翻译为“most Chinese people”，该名词短语在句中作主语。“tend to do sth.”意为“倾向于做……”。tend在句中作谓语动词。本句话描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为复数，所以谓语动词用原形；“在生日的时候吃碗面”可以翻译为“eat a bowl of noodles on their birthdays”，their指代“most Chinese people”。故翻译为Most Chinese people tend to eat a bowl of noodles on their birthdays. 53．这家软件公司会从技术上保护设计师的创意。(perspective) (汉译英) 【答案】The software company will protect designers’ creativity/creative from a technical perspective/from a perspective of technology. 【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语、介词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“这家软件公司”应为名词短语The software company；表示“保护设计师的创意”应为动词短语protect designers’ creativity；表示“从技术上”应为介词短语from a perspective of technology；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述将来发生的事情，为一般将来时。故翻译为The software company will protect designers’ creativity/creative from a technical perspective/from a perspective of technology. 54．她原以为没多少人会来体育馆看比赛，结果看台上座无虚席。(it) (汉译英) 【答案】She (had) supposed that not many people would come to the stadium to watch the game, but it turned out that all the seats on the stand(s) were occupied. 【详解】考查宾语从句和固定句型。第一句主语为she；表示“以为”应用suppose，可用一般过去时或过去完成时；后跟that引导的宾语从句，表示“没多少人”应用not many people作主语；表示“来体育馆看比赛”翻译为come to the stadium to watch the game，为过去将来时；but连接并列句，表示“结果”句型为it turned out that…，为一般过去时；表示“看台上座无虚席”翻译为all the seats on the stand(s) were occupied。故翻译为She (had) supposed that not many people would come to the stadium to watch the game, but it turned out that all the seats on the stand(s) were occupied. 55．这位摄影师觉得去热门景点拍照没意思，他已计划好要去沙漠找灵感。(instead) (汉译英) 【答案】The photographer finds it meaningless/boring to shoot/take pictures in popular tourist destinations, and instead he has planned to look for inspiration/inspiring ideas/things that can inspire him in the desert. 【详解】考查固定句型、名词、形容词、介词短语、动词短语和定语从句。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“摄影师”为名词The photographer；后接find it+adj+to do sth表示“发现做某事是怎样的”的固定句型，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，表示“毫无意义的”为形容词meaningless；表示“拍照”应为动词短语take pictures；表示“在热门旅游目的地”应为介词短语in popular tourist destinations；表示“相反的是”为副词instead；表示“计划做某事”应为动词短语plan to do sth，此处表示已经完成的动作，为现在完成时；表示“寻找灵感”应为动词短语look for inspiration；后接关系代词that引导的定语从句，对先行词inspiration的修饰，在该定语从句中，表示“在沙漠中激励他”可译为that can inspire him in the desert。故翻译为The photographer finds it meaningless/boring to shoot/take pictures in popular tourist destinations, and instead he has planned to look for inspiration/inspiring ideas/things that can inspire him in the desert. 七、书信写作 56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物，购买者能在小程序上看到商家信息、价格和取货时间。英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏欢迎读者来信，就这一做法展开讨论。假定你是高三学生李华，请给专栏编辑写信，表达看法，说明理由。 (食物盲盒: mystery boxes of randomly packed leftover foods ) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editor, Recently, the “bread blind box” has quietly become popular. You can buy bread at 50％ discount of the original price or even lower, which is accompanied by the freshness and excitement of opening a blind box and has attracted many diners. It is true that the emergence of the “bread blind box” not only helps the store to solve the waste and loss caused by the failure to sell the products in time, but also enables consumers to buy good and cheap food. However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. We hope to strengthen market supervision to ensure quality and safety and the consumers’ rights. Yours truly, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英语报“YOUR VOICE”专栏写一封信，就最近上海的某些餐馆和面包房采取了一项新的举措：在微信小程序上以盲盒的形式降价销售当天卖剩的食物现象表达看法，说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 吸引：attract →draw 出现：emergence →appearance 引起：caused by →resulting from 违背：violate →go against 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. 拓展句：However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, which violates the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You can buy bread at 50％ discount of the original price or even lower, which is accompanied by the freshness and excitement of opening a blind box and has attracted many diners.(使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】However, some merchants put expired bread into blind boxes for sale, violating the original intention of selling “bread blind box” to avoid food waste. (使用了现在分词充当结果状语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $