Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 单元话题阅读理解10篇2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以环境保护为核心话题，按基础巩固与重难提升梯度设计10篇语篇阅读，系统覆盖环保现象、成因、措施等主题，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇巩固练|5篇（如雪山清洁工、新能源、科技治污等）|细节理解、词义猜测、主旨题为主|从具体环保案例（现象）到原因分析，构建"现象-影响"认知链条| |重难语篇提升练|5篇（如塑料污染、全球环保案例等）|推理判断、结构分析题占比增加|深化至跨区域环保措施、问题解决策略，形成"问题-措施-展望"逻辑闭环|

Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：环境保护 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 As the winds blow across Yulong Snow Mountain in Yunnan Province, Lyu Haowei starts his work at an altitude (海拔) of around 4,500 metres. His job is to clean a beautiful tourist area that many people visit. Carrying a 150-metre rope to keep safe, a clamp (夹钳) and a rubbish bag, Lyu carefully makes his way up the mountain. He uses the rope to reach some dangerous areas where rubbish has been left behind. While he collects the waste, his workmates help him by holding the rope and telling him the directions. As he deals with challenges like thin air and heavy rain, Lyu also must be careful about the ice below him and the sheer cliffs (陡峭的悬崖) around. Yulong Snow Mountain is famous for its amazing natural beauty. Lots of people from across the country and around the world come to visit it every year. However, this brings a big problem—lots of rubbish. During busy tourist times, like the National Day holiday, cleaners can fill nearly 200 rubbish bags a day. After it has been picked up, the rubbish will be packed (打包) and moved down the mountain. Their long working day starts early at 5:30 a. m. to welcome the first visitors wanting to see the sunrise and ends late at 7:30 p. m. after a day of tiring work. This is the ninth year that Lyu has worked at the mountain. He is proud of what he has done to protect the environment. At the same time, he is also glad to see that more and more tourists are beginning to care about environmental protection. "Rubbish is getting less," Lyu said. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does Lyu Haowei do? A．A player. B．A cleaner. C．A reporter. D．A climber. 2．Which words can best describe Lyu’s work? A．Creative but hard. B．Secret but creative. C．Hard and dangerous. D．Dangerous and secret. 3．What do the underlined words “deals with” mean? A．Forms. B．Develops. C．Manages. D．Protects. 4．Which question does the third paragraph answer? A．What can people do in Yulong Snow Mountain? B．When is the best time to visit Yulong Snow Mountain? C．Why is there lots of rubbish in Yulong Snow Mountain? D．How many tourists visit Yulong Snow Mountain every year? 5．What makes Lyu proud of his work? A．His short working hours. B．His love for natural beauty. C．His rich working experience. D．His help in protecting the environment. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了吕皓葳在玉龙雪山4500米高处清理游客遗留垃圾的艰苦工作及其对环保的贡献。 1．第一段“His job is to clean a beautiful tourist area”和第二段“collects the waste”表明，吕皓葳是一名清洁工。 2．第二段提到“challenges like thin air and heavy rain”、“ice below him and the sheer cliffs around”表明，工作“困难且危险”。 3．第二段“challenges like thin air and heavy rain”表明应是“应对”挑战，因此“Manages.”为正确答案。 4．第三段提到“lots of rubbish”、“fill nearly 200 rubbish bags a day”，说明游客多导致垃圾多，回答了“为什么会有大量垃圾”的问题。 5．第四段“He is proud of what he has done to protect the environment.”表明，他为保护环境所做的贡献感到自豪。 Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas (沼气) is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels. 1．What is biogas made from? A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae. D．Animals and food. 2．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel? A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen. D．Oil. 3．What is the attitude (态度) of the writer to the new fuels? A．Uninterested. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 4．Where could the passage be from? A．Travel guidebook. B．Environment magazine. C．A movie poster. D．A history book. 5．Which is the best structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沼气、生物燃料和氢能等新型燃料的来源、特点及应用，并表达了作者对未来清洁能源发展的积极态度。 1．根据第二段第一句“Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria.”可知，沼气由植物或天然废物制成。 2．根据第四段第一句“The cleanest fuel is hydrogen.”可知，最清洁的燃料是氢。 3．根据最后一段“But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels.”可知，作者对新型燃料持支持态度。 4．全文围绕新型环保燃料展开，属于环境科学类话题，最可能来自环境杂志。 5．文章结构为：第一段总起（①），第二至四段分别介绍三种燃料（②③④），第五段总结展望（⑤），故选C（①/②③④/⑤）。 Pollution has caused too many problems for our planet. But luckily, science and technology offer powerful tools to reduce its harm. Let’s explore how modern science and technology help deal with pollution. Finding Pollution Some advanced sensors (高级传感器) can tell people where there is pollution in real time. Small machines in cities check air quality, detecting harmful gases like CO and SO2. Satellites from space show plastic waste in oceans and chemical leaks (泄漏) in rivers. These tools help scientists find pollution sources quickly. For example, when a factory leaks dirty water, alarms make loud sounds to tell environmental agencies (环保机构) within minutes. Cleaning Tools For Air Smog Towers: Big machines clean dirty air (about 1,000 classrooms of air every day). Electric Buses: No smoke! Quiet and clean. For Water Water Filters: Special nets in factories catch chemicals. Boat Robots: Boat robots collect plastic bottles. For Waste Recycling AI-powered machines sort waste automatically (自动地). Plastic bottles are turned into clothing or 3D-printer materials. Future Helpers Scientists are trying to test some new ideas. They are making different helpers for solving the problems such as tiny robots, Hungry Bacteria Eat and CO Catcher. Tiny robots are smaller than sand! They “eat” oil in oceans. Hungry Bacteria Eat “eats” harmful things in soil. CO Catcher can suck bad gases in the air. What can Students Do? Students can use apps like “EcoTracker” to report dirty places. They can also join school recycling clubs. Besides, they can take simple water filters to science class. Remember: Small actions + big technology = clean Earth! Let’s work together to help protect our environment and be greener people! 1．How do satellites help fight pollution? A．They help build smog towers. B．They make electric buses run. C．They catch chemicals in factories. D．They show plastic waste in oceans. 2．What is the main purpose of “Smog Towers”? A．To sort rubbish for recycling. B．To measure air quality in cities. C．To clean a large amount of dirty air. D．To collect plastic bottles in rivers. 3．What does the underlined word “suck” mean? A．take in B．cut down C．put away D．care for 4．How many measures are mentioned about fighting pollution for students in the last paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Where We can Find Pollution B．Some Tools for Reducing Pollution C．The Future of Science and Technology D．How Science and Technology Help Fight Pollution 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了现代科学技术从污染排查、污染清理、未来技术探索等维度助力应对污染问题，同时也提及了学生可结合相关工具参与环保的方式，点明科技能为打造清洁地球提供强大助力。 1．根据“Finding Pollution”中“Satellites from space show plastic waste in oceans and chemical leaks (泄漏) in rivers.”可知，卫星的作用是显示海洋中的塑料废物。 2．根据“Cleaning Tools”表格中“For Air”一栏的内容“Smog Towers: Big machines clean dirty air”可知，雾霾塔的主要目的是清洁大量脏空气。 3．根据“Future Helpers”中“CO Catcher can suck bad gases in the air.”结合语境，捕捉器的作用应该是“吸入”或“吸收”有害气体，“suck”意为“吸入，吸收”，与take in意思一致。 4．根据最后一段“What can Students Do?”的内容，提到的措施有：use apps like “EcoTracker” to report dirty places；join school recycling clubs；take simple water filters to science class，共三项措施。 5．文章第一段开篇点题“science and technology offer powerful tools to reduce its harm. Let’s explore how modern science and technology help deal with pollution.”，全文围绕科技如何帮助发现、清理污染以及学生如何利用科技保护环境展开。选项D“How Science and Technology Help Fight Pollution”最能概括全文主旨。 Overfishing (过度捕捞) happens when fish are caught faster than they can grow back. This causes fish populations to fall and harms the ocean environment. It’s not just the fish that suffer (遭受……苦处)—other sea animals like turtles (海龟), dolphins, and even whales can get caught by accident. This is called bycatch. Overfishing is mostly caused by poor fishing practices and a lack (缺乏) of rules. Some fishing companies catch more fish to meet the growing need, but this leads to a rapid drop in fish numbers. As fish numbers decrease, other sea animals that depend on fish for food face problems. For example, if small fish disappear, larger fish and sea birds will lose their food. One of the biggest dangers of overfishing is that some fish could disappear forever. Bluefin tuna, monkfish, and even sharks are at risk. When these fish disappear, it harms the whole ocean environment, causing more problems. To protect our oceans, we need better fishing rules to limit (限制) catches and protect fish during some seasons. We should also reduce bycatch by using special fishing equipment, like Turtle Exclusion Devices (TED), which allow turtles to escape from nets. It’s time for everyone to take action and help protect our oceans! We can all help by choosing seafood that is caught. Tell your family and friends about overfishing and why it matters. Together, we can make a difference and keep our oceans full of life for the future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1．When does bycatch happen? A．When fish populations fall rapidly. B．When the ocean environment becomes very bad. C．When the fish are caught faster than they can grow back. D．When people catch the sea animals they don’t mean to catch. 2．What does the underlined (划线的) word “decrease” mean? A．Appear. B．Disappear. C．Fall. D．Grow. 3．What happens if small fish disappear from the ocean? A．Sea plants grow faster. B．Water becomes dirtier. C．Sharks produce more babies. D．Some fish and birds lose their food. 4．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Effects of overfishing. B．Causes of overfishing. C．The importance of fishing rules. D．The measures to protect the oceans. 5．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell the meaning of overfishing. B．To explain how to choose seafood. C．To encourage people to protect oceans. D．To describe different kinds of fishes in oceans. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文为环保科普说明文，主要介绍过度捕捞的定义、附带捕捞现象、产生原因、带来的危害，同时列举保护海洋的相关举措，呼吁人们行动起来守护海洋生态。 1．根据第1段“other sea animals like turtles, dolphins, and even whales can get caught by accident. This is called bycatch.”可知，海龟、海豚等非目标海洋动物被意外捕捞时，这种情况被称为副渔获，也就是人们无意捕捞目标外的海洋动物时就会发生副渔获，只有D项符合描述。 2．根据第2段“Some fishing companies catch more fish to meet the growing need, but this leads to a rapid drop in fish numbers. As fish numbers decrease...”，过度捕捞导致鱼类数量快速下降，承接上文可知此处decrease含义对应前文的drop，意为“减少、下降”，与fall词义相近。 3．根据第2段“For example, if small fish disappear, larger fish and sea birds will lose their food.”可知，小型鱼类消失后，部分大鱼和海鸟会失去食物来源。 4．根据第4段“To protect our oceans, we need better fishing rules to limit catches... We should also reduce bycatch by using special fishing equipment”可知，本段主要讲述保护海洋的各类措施。 5．根据文章结尾段“It’s time for everyone to take action and help protect our oceans!... Together, we can make a difference and keep our oceans full of life for the future.”可知，作者写作目的是号召、鼓励人们保护海洋。 Good environment is important for us. Things that are doing harm to the environment such as working in factories and using air-conditioners have become a part of our lives. We should be fully aware of the importance of protecting the environment. Overpopulation: There are too many people in many parts of our planet. Overpopulation means more goods or services and less supply ( 供应). This creates an imbalance, which results in lots of problems. Pollution: Increased population leads to increased waste. The level of this waste leads to air and water pollution. The condition of pollution is so bad that many people do not have clean, drinkable water. There is not only air, water and soil pollution, but also noise, radiation, and light pollution. Global Warming: The major cause for this is the increased level of CO2, and that is because of burning of fossil fuels. And this has led to an increase in the earth’s temperature. Deforestation (砍伐森林): Deforestation is required for creating land space for making roads and homes for humans. This makes wild animals and birds lose their home. Since there are no trees to absorb CO2, it also leads to the increase in the level of this gas. So, we know how humans are the ones responsible for the environment. It’s time to understand the importance of protecting our environment and work in that direction. 1．Which leads to more demand for goods and services but less supply? A．The human population is too big. B．We wear shoes made from the skin of animals. C．There are too many cars burning fossil fuels. D．Most people have a diet of meat. 2．The underlined word “radiation” in the passage probably is “________”. A．some waste we throw into bins B．clean and drinkable water C．heat, energy, etc, in the form of rays D．the increased level of CO2 3．We can infer that deforestation can cause ________. A．less human population B．the number of wild animals to increase C．global warming D．the worse public transportation 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．World’s Population Problems B．Trees Are Important for the Environment C．Importance of Protecting the Environment D．How Humans Influence the Earth 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了保护环境的重要性，接着从人口过多、污染、全球变暖、砍伐森林四个方面介绍了人类活动对环境造成的破坏，最后呼吁人们重视并行动起来保护我们的环境。 1．第二段明确指出“Overpopulation means more goods or services and less supply (供应).”，这直接说明了人口过多意味着对商品和服务的需求更多，而供应不足。 2．第三段指出“There is not only air, water and soil pollution, but also noise, radiation, and light pollution”，指出不仅有大气、水、和土壤污染，还有噪音、射线和光形式存在的污染，因此radiation译为“辐射”。 3．第五段指出“Since there are no trees to absorb CO2 , it also leads to the increase in the level of this gas”，树木减少会导致二氧化碳浓度升高，而二氧化碳正是全球变暖的主要成因，因此砍伐森林会间接导致全球变暖。 4．文章结构是总分总。开头段“Good environment is important for us”点明环境的重要性，第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了人口过多、污染、全球变暖、砍伐森林这4个环境问题，最后一段呼吁人们重视环保。 5．第一段“Good environment is important for us”和最后一段“It’s time to understand the importance of protecting our environment”都在强调保护环境的重要性。 Air pollution, such as smog (雾霾), has become a serious problem around the world. Besides wearing a mask, what else can we do to protect ourselves from the dirty air? Scientists have developed a new inhaler (吸入剂) that can reduce the effect that air pollution has on people. This inhaler is developed by German company Bitop and contains a molecule (分子) named Ectoine. The molecule creates a layer (涂层) that protects lungs(肺部) from polluted air. Air pollution kills more than three million people a year worldwide and leads to health problems like lung and heart disease and strokes (中风), according to a 2015 research project in the journal Nature. It is also linked to brain disease, mental illness and diabetes (糖尿病). Andreas Bilstein at Bitop believes that the inhaler could be useful around the world, because air pollution is not just a European problem. For example, although China has made great efforts to deal with air pollution, some Chinese cities still suffer from smog from time to time. However, such inhalers should never be an excuse for not trying to stop air pollution, said Professor Jean Krutmann. “The best thing is that we have clean air, and we don’t need any prophylactic (预防性的) treatment,” he said. The Inhaler offers a way to protect our lungs from polluted air, but it is important to remember that the best solution is to reduce air pollution itself. We should all work together to keep our air clean and healthy for everyone. 1．What is the main purpose of the new inhaler? A．To help protect the environment. B．To make the dirty air clean again. C．To make masks work better in smog. D．To help reduce the harm of air pollution. 2．How does the inhaler work? A．By creating a layer in the nose and mouth. B．By breaking air pollutants into molecules. C．By forming a protective layer in the lungs with Ectoine. D．By covering mouths and noses. 3．What does Paragraph 3 show about air pollution? A．Mental illnesses are mainly caused by it. B．It affects just a small group of people. C．It can lead to many health problems. D．It is more serious than it was in 2015. 4．Why does Andreas Bilstein think the inhaler is useful all over the world? A．The inhaler can be easily produced worldwide. B．Air pollution is more serious in European countries. C．There is hardly a way to deal with air pollution. D．Air pollution happens in many parts of the world. 5．What is Professor Jean Krutmann’s opinion? A．The new inhalers don’t mean much to people. B．We should take measures to control air pollution. C．We can depend on inhalers to solve air pollution problems. D．We’d better invent more medicines to improve treatment. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了一款德国研发的新型吸入剂，它能在肺部形成保护膜，减轻空气污染对人体的伤害；同时文章也指出，这类防护产品不能替代治污，减少污染本身才是最好的办法。 1．根据第二段第一句“Scientists have developed a new inhaler that can reduce the effect that air pollution has on people.” 可知，这种吸入剂的主要目的是减轻空气污染对人的伤害。 2．根据第二段最后一句“The molecule creates a layer that protects lungs from polluted air. ”以及前文，可知，吸入剂通过 Ectoine 分子在肺部形成一层保护层来抵御污染空气，与C表述完全一致。 3．“Air pollution...leads to health problems like lung and heart disease and strokes. It is also linked to brain disease, mental illness and diabetes. ”，第三段列举了多种由空气污染引发的疾病，说明它会导致多种健康问题。 4．根据第四段“Andreas Bilstein at Bitop believes that …because air pollution is not just a European problem.”可知，Andreas 认为吸入剂在全球都有用，是因为空气污染在世界很多地方都存在。 5．最后一段Professor Jean Krutmann说“The best thing is that we have clean air, and we don’t need any prophylactic treatment”，说明他认为我们应该采取措施控制空气污染。 Traditionally, the seasons are divided into spring, summer, autumn and winter. In many tropical areas (热带地区), there are only two seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. However, human activity is greatly changing these traditional seasons. A recent study shows that new seasons are appearing. For example, “haze seasons (雾季)” are common in parts of Southeast Asia. During these seasons, the sky is full of smoke. This is caused by burning plants to clear forests in dry months. This activity has become more frequent in recent years because of the increasing need for palm oil (棕榈油). Another new season is the “trash season”. From November to March every year, beaches in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand are covered with rubbish. This is not because of local littering, but because of changing ocean currents (洋流). While new seasons are appearing, some old ones are disappearing. The breeding periods (繁殖期) for some seabirds in northern England have failed. In some places, winters are too warm for ski seasons to go on. Researchers have created new terms for these changes. “synoptic seasons (季风季节)” mean things still follow a cycle but in unusual ways, like hotter summers and warmer winters. “arrhythmic seasons (非节律性季节)” are even worse—they either come at the wrong time or almost disappear. These changes put people and nature in danger. It’s time to act, or we will only make things worse. ______. 1．What does the underlined part “this activity” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Planting more palm trees. B．Burning plants to clear forests. C．Creating new words for seasons. D．Changing the cycle of the seasons. 2．Which of the following is an example of a “synoptic season”? A．Ski centers have to close because there is no snow. B．The breeding periods of seabirds completely disappear. C．Beaches are covered with trash from November to March. D．Summer temperatures are much higher than they used to be. 3．What will the writer probably talk about in ______? A．Why many seabirds fail to breed. B．Other results of man-made seasons. C．How people use palm oil in daily life. D．Ways to deal with man-made seasons. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Traditional seasons will disappear soon. B．Researchers have solved the seasonal problems. C．The situation may get worse if no action is taken. D．Human activities will continue to change traditional seasons. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To list the traditional seasons in different parts of the world. B．To show that human activity has destroyed all traditional seasons. C．To introduce man-made seasons and encourage people to take action. D．To explain the difference between two kinds of man-made seasons. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了人类活动正极大地改变传统季节，新的季节如“雾季”“垃圾季”出现，一些旧季节逐渐消失，研究人员为此创造了新术语，并指出这些变化给人类和自然带来危险，呼吁人们采取行动。 1．第二段指出相关指代：“This is caused by burning plants to clear forests in dry months. This activity has become more frequent...”，“this activity”指代前文提到的“燃烧植物清理森林”这一行为。 2．第五段定义：“Synoptic seasons mean things still follow a cycle but in unusual ways, like hotter summers and warmer winters”，说明“季风季节”是仍遵循周期但形式异常的季节，夏季气温比以往高符合这一定义。 3．最后一段前文提到：“These changes put people and nature in danger. It’s time to act, or we will only make things worse”，前文已介绍新季节、旧季节的变化及相关术语，接下来很可能会探讨应对这些人为造成的季节变化的方法。 4．最后一段明确说明：“It’s time to act, or we will only make things worse”，由此可推断如果不采取行动，情况可能会变得更糟。 5．全文开篇点明人类活动改变传统季节，接着介绍新出现的季节、消失的旧季节、相关术语，最后强调变化带来的危险并呼吁行动，核心目的是介绍人为造成的季节变化并鼓励人们采取行动。 The Hexi Corridor (河西走廊), a historical trade route in Gansu Province, stretches between the Qilian Mountains and the Heihe River. Known as the “Golden Section of the Silk Road,” it once connected ancient China to Central Asia. However, over the past 50 years, rapid desertification (沙漠化) has threatened this region. Much land has turned into desert, forcing many villages to relocate (搬迁). To solve this problem, scientists and locals have worked together. Step 1: Fixing the sand. They lay straw checkerboards (草方格) across the desert. These grids, made of wheat straw, can greatly reduce wind speed and trap moving sand. Step 2: Planting trees. Drought-resistant plants like saxaul (梭梭树) are grown in the grids. Their roots can reach 10 meters deep to find water. Step 3: Saving water. Farmers now use drip irrigation systems, which can save 60% more water than traditional methods. The government has also taken action. Since 2020, a large amount of desert has been turned into green land. Drones and AI are used to monitor plant growth. In Minqin County, once called “the place swallowed by desert,” most of the desert is now under control. Local people even develop eco-tourism (生态旅游) — visitors plant trees and ride camels through restored grasslands. Future challenges: Climate change and limited water resources remain problems. But as Mr. Wang, a farmer, said, “My grandchildren will see a greener corridor!” 阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。 1．What is the main problem of the Hexi Corridor? A．Floods. B．Desertification. C．Air pollution. D．Overpopulation. 2．How do straw checkerboards help? A．By cleaning rivers. B．By stopping sand movement. C．By growing crops. D．By building roads. 3．Why are saxaul trees special? A．Their roots grow very deep. B．They produce delicious fruit. C．They need lots of rainwater. D．They attract tourists. 4．What technology is used to watch plant growth? A．Robots. B．Drones and AI. C．Satellites. D．Underwater cameras. 5．What do Mr. Wang’s words show? A．Anger. B．Hope. C．Disappointment. D．Boredom. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了河西走廊面临的沙漠化问题，以及科学家、当地居民和政府为治理沙漠化采取的一系列措施，同时提及了未来仍存在的挑战与人们的美好期许。 1．根据第一段中的“over the past 50 years, rapid desertification (沙漠化) has threatened this region”可知，直接说明河西走廊的主要问题是沙漠化，对应选项B。 2．根据第二段中的“These grids, made of wheat straw, can greatly reduce wind speed and trap moving sand”可知，即草方格可以阻挡流沙移动，对应选项B。 3．根据第二段中的“Their roots can reach 10 meters deep to find water”可知，说明梭梭树的特殊之处在于根系扎得很深，对应选项A。 4．根据第三段中的“Drones and AI are used to monitor plant growth”可知，直接说明用于监测植物生长的技术是无人机和人工智能，对应选项B。 5．根据最后一段王先生的话：“My grandchildren will see a greener corridor!”可知，表达了他对河西走廊未来变得更绿的期待，传递出希望，对应选项B。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Plastic pollution is one of the biggest problems that our planet is facing today. How many plastic bottles do you think you buy every year? How many plastic bags does your family use when going to the supermarket? How often do you use a plastic straw (吸管) to drink your juice? If you know the plastic ends up in the ocean and kills the sea animals there, will you continue to use so many plastic products in the future? As the population of our world is increasing, the amount (数量) of rubbish we produce, especially plastic waste, is increasing too. Plastic is an amazing, man-made material used to make all kinds of important things. Because it is so cheap and easily available, we use it to make almost everything! Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people, and plastic straws can help people drink. However, this useful, highly popular material has many disadvantages — some are having terrible influences on our planet! The problem is that most of us use more plastic than we need to, and half of the plastic we produce is designed (被设计) to be used just once and then thrown away. This is what we call “one-off plastic”. The list of this kind of products is endless. Over eight million pieces of plastic end up in the ocean every day. There is now about 269,000 tons of plastic in our oceans. This is very harmful to the sea animals that live there. Some try to eat large pieces of plastic. Sometimes sea animals get into it and can’t free themselves. What’s more, plastic decomposes (分解) very, very slowly. When it breaks down into very tiny pieces called microplastics (微塑料), it enters the ocean food chain and gets into our bodies. All in all, to create a safer living environment for us, we must take responsibility together for reducing (减少) plastic waste! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By sharing advice. B．By telling stories. C．By raising questions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．What does Paragraph 2 show us about plastic? A．It is useful. B．It is light and easy to carry. C．It costs much. D．It causes lots of problems. 3．What does the writer want to tell us through the fourth paragraph? A．We should use less plastic than we do now. B．Plastic is not so important in our daily lives. C．Most plastic products can be used only once. D．Today fewer and fewer people use plastic products. 4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．The product. B．The ocean. C．The sea animal. D．Plastic. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③/④⑤⑥ D．①/②③④⑤⑥ 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是环保科普说明文，以连续提问引出塑料污染问题，先介绍塑料的实用价值，再分析一次性塑料的弊端、海洋塑料污染的严重危害，最后呼吁人类共同承担责任减少塑料垃圾。 1．根据第一段连续抛出多个问句“How many plastic bottles do you think you buy every year? How many plastic bags… How often do you use a plastic straw…”可知，作者通过提出一系列问题开启全文。 2．根据第二段原文“Plastic is an amazing, man-made material used to make all kinds of important things… Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people, and plastic straws can help people drink.”可知，第二段主要介绍塑料十分有用、用途广泛。 3．第四段指出“The problem is that most of us use more plastic than we need to”，前文铺垫塑料泛滥、一次性塑料大量丢弃，本段核心是指出人们过度使用塑料、一次性塑料带来麻烦，侧面传达作者观点：我们应当减少塑料使用量。 4．第五段主要讲述塑料垃圾对海洋动物的危害。划线词所在句前文提到“Some try to eat large pieces of plastic”，紧接着说“Sometimes sea animals get into it”。根据语境，“it”指代的是前文提到的塑料垃圾（Plastic）。 5．分析文章结构可知：①段通过提问引出话题；②段介绍塑料的用途及普及原因（背景）；③段过渡指出塑料有缺点，④⑤段具体阐述塑料浪费及对环境的危害（主体部分，讨论问题）；⑥段总结全文并提出减少塑料浪费的呼吁（结论）。因此，③④⑤段共同构成了关于塑料危害的论述部分，结构划分为①/②/③④⑤/⑥最为合理。 Around the world, many countries are trying simple but useful ways to protect the environment and build a better home for all living things. Here are three great green examples from different parts of the world. In the Netherlands (荷兰), the city of Groningen once had serious traffic jams and air pollution because there were more and more cars. The city government replaced old motorways with beautiful green areas, wide bike lanes (小路) and relaxing public squares. Cars were strictly stopped from entering the city centre. At first, local shop owners worried they would lose customers, but their business soon became even better. Today, 61% of trips here are by bike, and Groningen has the cleanest air among all big Dutch cities. ▲ Many families used open fires for cooking and heating. The thick smoke made people ill and wasted precious wood. As the wood is not easy to get, a special clean stove (火炉) was invented. It uses much less wood and keeps indoor air fresh. Health studies show it can cut lung infections (传染) by 30% and eye infections by 50%. In Ecuador, the Yaguas River nature park is home to many lovely animals. But human activities put some species in danger. The Sumac Muyu Foundation set up camera traps (陷阱) to record and study animal behavior. These smart tools help protect the park from harmful projects. These small actions play a big role in saving wild animals and their living environment. 1．Why did Groningen have serious traffic jams and air pollution? A．Because the number of cars was increasing. B．Because people there chose to ride bikes. C．Because there were no green areas in the city centre. D．Because public squares took up too much road space. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 3? A．In Ecuador, people use cameras to study different kinds of animals. B．In Mexico, people solve smoke and wood problems in green ways. C．In the Netherlands, cars are not allowed into the city centre at all. D．In China, more people take buses to work instead of driving cars. 3．What does the underlined word “precious” probably mean in English? A．Harmful. B．Common. C．Valuable. D．Terrible. 4．How does the Sumac Muyu Foundation help protect animals in Ecuador? A．By building wide bike lanes for local people to use. B．By inventing clean stoves to cut down wood use greatly. C．By stopping all cars from entering the city centre area. D．By setting up camera traps to protect wild animals. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Green Ways to Protect the Earth B．Air Pollution in Netherlands C．Clean Stoves Help a Lot D．Bike Lanes Make Clean Air 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文介绍世界各地三种简单实用的环保办法，分别列举荷兰、墨西哥、厄瓜多尔的环保举措，展现各国保护地球、守护生物家园的绿色方案。 1．原文“In the Netherlands (荷兰), the city of Groningen once had serious traffic jams and air pollution because there were more and more cars.”，格罗宁根拥堵和空气污染的原因是汽车数量不断增加。 2．第二段讲荷兰、第四段讲厄瓜多尔，第三段围绕炉灶、烟雾、木材短缺展开，需要全新国家案例衔接，原文第三段讲家庭明火产生浓烟、浪费木材，对应句子“In Mexico, people solve smoke and wood problems in green ways.”，墨西哥人用环保方式解决烟尘和木材短缺问题，契合本段内容。 3．原文“As the wood is not easy to get, a special clean stove (火炉) was invented.”，木材很难获取，说明木材十分珍贵，单词precious意为“珍贵的”，和Valuable同义。 4．原文“The Sumac Muyu Foundation set up camera traps (陷阱) to record and study animal behavior. These smart tools help protect the park from harmful projects.”，该基金会架设相机陷阱记录、观测动物，以此保护野生动物。 5．原文首段“many countries are trying simple but useful ways to protect the environment and build a better home for all living things. Here are three great green examples from different parts of the world.”，后文依次介绍三个国家不同的环保措施，因此文章最佳标题为Green Ways to Protect the Earth（保护地球的环保方式）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Greener Planet,Better Home 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：环境保护 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 As the winds blow across Yulong Snow Mountain in Yunnan Province, Lyu Haowei starts his work at an altitude (海拔) of around 4,500 metres. His job is to clean a beautiful tourist area that many people visit. Carrying a 150-metre rope to keep safe, a clamp (夹钳) and a rubbish bag, Lyu carefully makes his way up the mountain. He uses the rope to reach some dangerous areas where rubbish has been left behind. While he collects the waste, his workmates help him by holding the rope and telling him the directions. As he deals with challenges like thin air and heavy rain, Lyu also must be careful about the ice below him and the sheer cliffs (陡峭的悬崖) around. Yulong Snow Mountain is famous for its amazing natural beauty. Lots of people from across the country and around the world come to visit it every year. However, this brings a big problem—lots of rubbish. During busy tourist times, like the National Day holiday, cleaners can fill nearly 200 rubbish bags a day. After it has been picked up, the rubbish will be packed (打包) and moved down the mountain. Their long working day starts early at 5:30 a. m. to welcome the first visitors wanting to see the sunrise and ends late at 7:30 p. m. after a day of tiring work. This is the ninth year that Lyu has worked at the mountain. He is proud of what he has done to protect the environment. At the same time, he is also glad to see that more and more tourists are beginning to care about environmental protection. "Rubbish is getting less," Lyu said. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does Lyu Haowei do? A．A player. B．A cleaner. C．A reporter. D．A climber. 2．Which words can best describe Lyu’s work? A．Creative but hard. B．Secret but creative. C．Hard and dangerous. D．Dangerous and secret. 3．What do the underlined words “deals with” mean? A．Forms. B．Develops. C．Manages. D．Protects. 4．Which question does the third paragraph answer? A．What can people do in Yulong Snow Mountain? B．When is the best time to visit Yulong Snow Mountain? C．Why is there lots of rubbish in Yulong Snow Mountain? D．How many tourists visit Yulong Snow Mountain every year? 5．What makes Lyu proud of his work? A．His short working hours. B．His love for natural beauty. C．His rich working experience. D．His help in protecting the environment. Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas (沼气) is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from fuels that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels. 1．What is biogas made from? A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae. D．Animals and food. 2．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel? A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen. D．Oil. 3．What is the attitude (态度) of the writer to the new fuels? A．Uninterested. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 4．Where could the passage be from? A．Travel guidebook. B．Environment magazine. C．A movie poster. D．A history book. 5．Which is the best structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． Pollution has caused too many problems for our planet. But luckily, science and technology offer powerful tools to reduce its harm. Let’s explore how modern science and technology help deal with pollution. Finding Pollution Some advanced sensors (高级传感器) can tell people where there is pollution in real time. Small machines in cities check air quality, detecting harmful gases like CO and SO2. Satellites from space show plastic waste in oceans and chemical leaks (泄漏) in rivers. These tools help scientists find pollution sources quickly. For example, when a factory leaks dirty water, alarms make loud sounds to tell environmental agencies (环保机构) within minutes. Cleaning Tools For Air Smog Towers: Big machines clean dirty air (about 1,000 classrooms of air every day). Electric Buses: No smoke! Quiet and clean. For Water Water Filters: Special nets in factories catch chemicals. Boat Robots: Boat robots collect plastic bottles. For Waste Recycling AI-powered machines sort waste automatically (自动地). Plastic bottles are turned into clothing or 3D-printer materials. Future Helpers Scientists are trying to test some new ideas. They are making different helpers for solving the problems such as tiny robots, Hungry Bacteria Eat and CO Catcher. Tiny robots are smaller than sand! They “eat” oil in oceans. Hungry Bacteria Eat “eats” harmful things in soil. CO Catcher can suck bad gases in the air. What can Students Do? Students can use apps like “EcoTracker” to report dirty places. They can also join school recycling clubs. Besides, they can take simple water filters to science class. Remember: Small actions + big technology = clean Earth! Let’s work together to help protect our environment and be greener people! 1．How do satellites help fight pollution? A．They help build smog towers. B．They make electric buses run. C．They catch chemicals in factories. D．They show plastic waste in oceans. 2．What is the main purpose of “Smog Towers”? A．To sort rubbish for recycling. B．To measure air quality in cities. C．To clean a large amount of dirty air. D．To collect plastic bottles in rivers. 3．What does the underlined word “suck” mean? A．take in B．cut down C．put away D．care for 4．How many measures are mentioned about fighting pollution for students in the last paragraph? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Where We can Find Pollution B．Some Tools for Reducing Pollution C．The Future of Science and Technology D．How Science and Technology Help Fight Pollution Overfishing (过度捕捞) happens when fish are caught faster than they can grow back. This causes fish populations to fall and harms the ocean environment. It’s not just the fish that suffer (遭受……苦处)—other sea animals like turtles (海龟), dolphins, and even whales can get caught by accident. This is called bycatch. Overfishing is mostly caused by poor fishing practices and a lack (缺乏) of rules. Some fishing companies catch more fish to meet the growing need, but this leads to a rapid drop in fish numbers. As fish numbers decrease, other sea animals that depend on fish for food face problems. For example, if small fish disappear, larger fish and sea birds will lose their food. One of the biggest dangers of overfishing is that some fish could disappear forever. Bluefin tuna, monkfish, and even sharks are at risk. When these fish disappear, it harms the whole ocean environment, causing more problems. To protect our oceans, we need better fishing rules to limit (限制) catches and protect fish during some seasons. We should also reduce bycatch by using special fishing equipment, like Turtle Exclusion Devices (TED), which allow turtles to escape from nets. It’s time for everyone to take action and help protect our oceans! We can all help by choosing seafood that is caught. Tell your family and friends about overfishing and why it matters. Together, we can make a difference and keep our oceans full of life for the future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1．When does bycatch happen? A．When fish populations fall rapidly. B．When the ocean environment becomes very bad. C．When the fish are caught faster than they can grow back. D．When people catch the sea animals they don’t mean to catch. 2．What does the underlined (划线的) word “decrease” mean? A．Appear. B．Disappear. C．Fall. D．Grow. 3．What happens if small fish disappear from the ocean? A．Sea plants grow faster. B．Water becomes dirtier. C．Sharks produce more babies. D．Some fish and birds lose their food. 4．What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Effects of overfishing. B．Causes of overfishing. C．The importance of fishing rules. D．The measures to protect the oceans. 5．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To tell the meaning of overfishing. B．To explain how to choose seafood. C．To encourage people to protect oceans. D．To describe different kinds of fishes in oceans. Good environment is important for us. Things that are doing harm to the environment such as working in factories and using air-conditioners have become a part of our lives. We should be fully aware of the importance of protecting the environment. Overpopulation: There are too many people in many parts of our planet. Overpopulation means more goods or services and less supply ( 供应). This creates an imbalance, which results in lots of problems. Pollution: Increased population leads to increased waste. The level of this waste leads to air and water pollution. The condition of pollution is so bad that many people do not have clean, drinkable water. There is not only air, water and soil pollution, but also noise, radiation, and light pollution. Global Warming: The major cause for this is the increased level of CO2, and that is because of burning of fossil fuels. And this has led to an increase in the earth’s temperature. Deforestation (砍伐森林): Deforestation is required for creating land space for making roads and homes for humans. This makes wild animals and birds lose their home. Since there are no trees to absorb CO2, it also leads to the increase in the level of this gas. So, we know how humans are the ones responsible for the environment. It’s time to understand the importance of protecting our environment and work in that direction. 1．Which leads to more demand for goods and services but less supply? A．The human population is too big. B．We wear shoes made from the skin of animals. C．There are too many cars burning fossil fuels. D．Most people have a diet of meat. 2．The underlined word “radiation” in the passage probably is “________”. A．some waste we throw into bins B．clean and drinkable water C．heat, energy, etc, in the form of rays D．the increased level of CO2 3．We can infer that deforestation can cause ________. A．less human population B．the number of wild animals to increase C．global warming D．the worse public transportation 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．World’s Population Problems B．Trees Are Important for the Environment C．Importance of Protecting the Environment D．How Humans Influence the Earth Air pollution, such as smog (雾霾), has become a serious problem around the world. Besides wearing a mask, what else can we do to protect ourselves from the dirty air? Scientists have developed a new inhaler (吸入剂) that can reduce the effect that air pollution has on people. This inhaler is developed by German company Bitop and contains a molecule (分子) named Ectoine. The molecule creates a layer (涂层) that protects lungs(肺部) from polluted air. Air pollution kills more than three million people a year worldwide and leads to health problems like lung and heart disease and strokes (中风), according to a 2015 research project in the journal Nature. It is also linked to brain disease, mental illness and diabetes (糖尿病). Andreas Bilstein at Bitop believes that the inhaler could be useful around the world, because air pollution is not just a European problem. For example, although China has made great efforts to deal with air pollution, some Chinese cities still suffer from smog from time to time. However, such inhalers should never be an excuse for not trying to stop air pollution, said Professor Jean Krutmann. “The best thing is that we have clean air, and we don’t need any prophylactic (预防性的) treatment,” he said. The Inhaler offers a way to protect our lungs from polluted air, but it is important to remember that the best solution is to reduce air pollution itself. We should all work together to keep our air clean and healthy for everyone. 1．What is the main purpose of the new inhaler? A．To help protect the environment. B．To make the dirty air clean again. C．To make masks work better in smog. D．To help reduce the harm of air pollution. 2．How does the inhaler work? A．By creating a layer in the nose and mouth. B．By breaking air pollutants into molecules. C．By forming a protective layer in the lungs with Ectoine. D．By covering mouths and noses. 3．What does Paragraph 3 show about air pollution? A．Mental illnesses are mainly caused by it. B．It affects just a small group of people. C．It can lead to many health problems. D．It is more serious than it was in 2015. 4．Why does Andreas Bilstein think the inhaler is useful all over the world? A．The inhaler can be easily produced worldwide. B．Air pollution is more serious in European countries. C．There is hardly a way to deal with air pollution. D．Air pollution happens in many parts of the world. 5．What is Professor Jean Krutmann’s opinion? A．The new inhalers don’t mean much to people. B．We should take measures to control air pollution. C．We can depend on inhalers to solve air pollution problems. D．We’d better invent more medicines to improve treatment. Traditionally, the seasons are divided into spring, summer, autumn and winter. In many tropical areas (热带地区), there are only two seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. However, human activity is greatly changing these traditional seasons. A recent study shows that new seasons are appearing. For example, “haze seasons (雾季)” are common in parts of Southeast Asia. During these seasons, the sky is full of smoke. This is caused by burning plants to clear forests in dry months. This activity has become more frequent in recent years because of the increasing need for palm oil (棕榈油). Another new season is the “trash season”. From November to March every year, beaches in Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand are covered with rubbish. This is not because of local littering, but because of changing ocean currents (洋流). While new seasons are appearing, some old ones are disappearing. The breeding periods (繁殖期) for some seabirds in northern England have failed. In some places, winters are too warm for ski seasons to go on. Researchers have created new terms for these changes. “synoptic seasons (季风季节)” mean things still follow a cycle but in unusual ways, like hotter summers and warmer winters. “arrhythmic seasons (非节律性季节)” are even worse—they either come at the wrong time or almost disappear. These changes put people and nature in danger. It’s time to act, or we will only make things worse. ______. 1．What does the underlined part “this activity” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Planting more palm trees. B．Burning plants to clear forests. C．Creating new words for seasons. D．Changing the cycle of the seasons. 2．Which of the following is an example of a “synoptic season”? A．Ski centers have to close because there is no snow. B．The breeding periods of seabirds completely disappear. C．Beaches are covered with trash from November to March. D．Summer temperatures are much higher than they used to be. 3．What will the writer probably talk about in ______? A．Why many seabirds fail to breed. B．Other results of man-made seasons. C．How people use palm oil in daily life. D．Ways to deal with man-made seasons. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Traditional seasons will disappear soon. B．Researchers have solved the seasonal problems. C．The situation may get worse if no action is taken. D．Human activities will continue to change traditional seasons. 5．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To list the traditional seasons in different parts of the world. B．To show that human activity has destroyed all traditional seasons. C．To introduce man-made seasons and encourage people to take action. D．To explain the difference between two kinds of man-made seasons. The Hexi Corridor (河西走廊), a historical trade route in Gansu Province, stretches between the Qilian Mountains and the Heihe River. Known as the “Golden Section of the Silk Road,” it once connected ancient China to Central Asia. However, over the past 50 years, rapid desertification (沙漠化) has threatened this region. Much land has turned into desert, forcing many villages to relocate (搬迁). To solve this problem, scientists and locals have worked together. Step 1: Fixing the sand. They lay straw checkerboards (草方格) across the desert. These grids, made of wheat straw, can greatly reduce wind speed and trap moving sand. Step 2: Planting trees. Drought-resistant plants like saxaul (梭梭树) are grown in the grids. Their roots can reach 10 meters deep to find water. Step 3: Saving water. Farmers now use drip irrigation systems, which can save 60% more water than traditional methods. The government has also taken action. Since 2020, a large amount of desert has been turned into green land. Drones and AI are used to monitor plant growth. In Minqin County, once called “the place swallowed by desert,” most of the desert is now under control. Local people even develop eco-tourism (生态旅游) — visitors plant trees and ride camels through restored grasslands. Future challenges: Climate change and limited water resources remain problems. But as Mr. Wang, a farmer, said, “My grandchildren will see a greener corridor!” 阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。 1．What is the main problem of the Hexi Corridor? A．Floods. B．Desertification. C．Air pollution. D．Overpopulation. 2．How do straw checkerboards help? A．By cleaning rivers. B．By stopping sand movement. C．By growing crops. D．By building roads. 3．Why are saxaul trees special? A．Their roots grow very deep. B．They produce delicious fruit. C．They need lots of rainwater. D．They attract tourists. 4．What technology is used to watch plant growth? A．Robots. B．Drones and AI. C．Satellites. D．Underwater cameras. 5．What do Mr. Wang’s words show? A．Anger. B．Hope. C．Disappointment. D．Boredom. ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Plastic pollution is one of the biggest problems that our planet is facing today. How many plastic bottles do you think you buy every year? How many plastic bags does your family use when going to the supermarket? How often do you use a plastic straw (吸管) to drink your juice? If you know the plastic ends up in the ocean and kills the sea animals there, will you continue to use so many plastic products in the future? As the population of our world is increasing, the amount (数量) of rubbish we produce, especially plastic waste, is increasing too. Plastic is an amazing, man-made material used to make all kinds of important things. Because it is so cheap and easily available, we use it to make almost everything! Plastic water bottles can bring clean drinking water to people, and plastic straws can help people drink. However, this useful, highly popular material has many disadvantages — some are having terrible influences on our planet! The problem is that most of us use more plastic than we need to, and half of the plastic we produce is designed (被设计) to be used just once and then thrown away. This is what we call “one-off plastic”. The list of this kind of products is endless. Over eight million pieces of plastic end up in the ocean every day. There is now about 269,000 tons of plastic in our oceans. This is very harmful to the sea animals that live there. Some try to eat large pieces of plastic. Sometimes sea animals get into it and can’t free themselves. What’s more, plastic decomposes (分解) very, very slowly. When it breaks down into very tiny pieces called microplastics (微塑料), it enters the ocean food chain and gets into our bodies. All in all, to create a safer living environment for us, we must take responsibility together for reducing (减少) plastic waste! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By sharing advice. B．By telling stories. C．By raising questions. D．By explaining reasons. 2．What does Paragraph 2 show us about plastic? A．It is useful. B．It is light and easy to carry. C．It costs much. D．It causes lots of problems. 3．What does the writer want to tell us through the fourth paragraph? A．We should use less plastic than we do now. B．Plastic is not so important in our daily lives. C．Most plastic products can be used only once. D．Today fewer and fewer people use plastic products. 4．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．The product. B．The ocean. C．The sea animal. D．Plastic. 5．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤⑥ B．①/②/③④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③/④⑤⑥ D．①/②③④⑤⑥ Around the world, many countries are trying simple but useful ways to protect the environment and build a better home for all living things. Here are three great green examples from different parts of the world. In the Netherlands (荷兰), the city of Groningen once had serious traffic jams and air pollution because there were more and more cars. The city government replaced old motorways with beautiful green areas, wide bike lanes (小路) and relaxing public squares. Cars were strictly stopped from entering the city centre. At first, local shop owners worried they would lose customers, but their business soon became even better. Today, 61% of trips here are by bike, and Groningen has the cleanest air among all big Dutch cities. ▲ Many families used open fires for cooking and heating. The thick smoke made people ill and wasted precious wood. As the wood is not easy to get, a special clean stove (火炉) was invented. It uses much less wood and keeps indoor air fresh. Health studies show it can cut lung infections (传染) by 30% and eye infections by 50%. In Ecuador, the Yaguas River nature park is home to many lovely animals. But human activities put some species in danger. The Sumac Muyu Foundation set up camera traps (陷阱) to record and study animal behavior. These smart tools help protect the park from harmful projects. These small actions play a big role in saving wild animals and their living environment. 1．Why did Groningen have serious traffic jams and air pollution? A．Because the number of cars was increasing. B．Because people there chose to ride bikes. C．Because there were no green areas in the city centre. D．Because public squares took up too much road space. 2．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ in Paragraph 3? A．In Ecuador, people use cameras to study different kinds of animals. B．In Mexico, people solve smoke and wood problems in green ways. C．In the Netherlands, cars are not allowed into the city centre at all. D．In China, more people take buses to work instead of driving cars. 3．What does the underlined word “precious” probably mean in English? A．Harmful. B．Common. C．Valuable. D．Terrible. 4．How does the Sumac Muyu Foundation help protect animals in Ecuador? A．By building wide bike lanes for local people to use. B．By inventing clean stoves to cut down wood use greatly. C．By stopping all cars from entering the city centre area. D．By setting up camera traps to protect wild animals. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Green Ways to Protect the Earth B．Air Pollution in Netherlands C．Clean Stoves Help a Lot D．Bike Lanes Make Clean Air 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $