Unit 4 Hands-on fun 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作）2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心知识精讲精练（新教材译林版）

该初中英语Unit 4“Hands-on fun”知识清单系统涵盖重点单词（分动词、名词等多词性）、短语、句子、22个核心知识点解析、语法（祈使句、should/had better）及写作串讲，通过分类梳理、考点细化、语法与写作专项指导，搭建从基础积累到综合语言运用的递进式学习支架。 清单以“考点解析+对比表格+实例应用”构建知识体系，如考点16用表格归纳形容词否定前缀规则，考点17详解not only...but also...就近原则，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。写作部分提供制作过程词句模板及实例，语法部分表格化呈现祈使句类型，助力不同水平学生高效复习，教师可据此设计分层教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 4 Hands-on fun 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 动词 1. 折叠fold 2. 使惊奇,使感到意外surprise 3. 扎染（织物）tie-dye 4. 使扭曲,使弯曲twist 5. (用线、绳等)系,拴,绑,捆tie 6. 解开untie 7. 减少reduce 8. 缝制sew 名词 9. 月饼mooncake 10. 架子shelf 11. 玫瑰（花）rose 12. 自己动手DIY 13. 手巧的人handyman 14. 错误mistake 15. 断电,停电power cut 16. 管道,管子pipe 17. 课程course 18. 杂乱,不整洁mess 19. 灯lamp 20. 金属容器,塑料容器can 21. 粉笔chalk 22. 标记;分数mark 23. 刷子;画笔brush 24. 用法说明instructions 25. 方法method 26. 布料,织物cloth 27. 线thread 28. 产品product 29. 作坊workshop 30. 图案;模式pattern 31. 衣服,服装clothing 32. 卷;管roll 33. 浪费;废料waste 34. 乐趣;高兴joy 35. 理由,原因reason 36. 结果,后果result 37. 手套glove 38. 纽扣;按钮button 39.（手套的）指部;手指finger 形容词 40. 完成,结束;全部的complete 41. 狂热的;迷恋的crazy 42. 天生的born 43. 不幸的,不顺利的unlucky 44. 不可能的impossible 45. 危险的dangerous 46. 通常的,寻常的usual 副词 47. 反而instead 48. 几乎,差不多,将近nearly 介词 49. 到……上,向……上onto 多重词性词 50.n.胶带 vt.用胶带粘贴tape 51. n.胶,胶水vt.（用胶水）黏合,粘贴glue 52. adv.& pron. 到处everywhere 53. vt.给……染色,染 n.染料,染液dye 二．重点短语背默 1. 一把剪刀a pair of scissors 2. 热衷于be crazy about 3. 犯一个错误make a mistake 4. 张贴put up 5. 使……充满fill... with 6. 上一个在线DIY课take an online DIY course 7. 乱七八糟in a mess 8. 引起某人注意catch one's eye 9. 确保make sure 10. 混合某物mix sth. up 11. 编写说明make an instruction 12. 有用的书useful books 13. 不仅……而且……not only...but also... 14. 鲜艳的颜色bright colours 三．重点句子背默 1. 他喜欢自己动手制作或修理家里的东西。 He loves to make or repair things around his house by himself. 2. 现在我的房间看起来很棒,并且我很容易找到我的书。 Now my room looks great, and it is easy for me to find my books. 3. 得知那是他自己做的我很惊讶! I was surprised to know that he made it himself! 4. 他认为自己动手是娱乐和省钱的好方法。 He thinks DIY is a good way to have fun and save money. 5. 我喜欢自己做事情。I enjoy doing things by myself. 6. 扎染是一种有1 500多年历史的古老艺术,并且在唐朝最为流行。 Tie-dyeing is an old art with a history of over 1,500 years, and it became most popular in the Tang Dynasty. 7. 扎染不仅是一种艺术形式,也是一种生活方式。 Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art, but also a lifestyle. 8. 这也是一种与好朋友和家人共度时光的有趣方式。 It's also a fun way to spend time with good friends and family. 四．核心知识点解析 考点1： Describe our own experience of making something. 描述我们亲手制作某物的经历。 1.own v. 拥有 owner（n. 物主，所有人） 短语：of one’s own：某人自己的 on one’s own = alone/by oneself：独自地 He did the work on his own.（他独立完成了这项工作。） 2.experience 可数名词：一次经历 不可数名词：经验 动词：体验，经历 派生词：experienced（adj. 有经验的） 1.I have a room of my own.（我有自己的房间。） 2.I had an exciting experience at the camp. 我在营地有一次令人兴奋的经历。 3.He has much experience in teaching. 他在教学方面有丰富的经验。 4.She experienced a lot of difficulties. 她经历了很多困难。 5.My father is an experienced driver. 我爸爸是一位有经验的司机。 考点2：And I’ll cut the flower shapes. 我来剪出花朵的形状。 cut 短语搭配 cut in (on sb.) 插嘴，打断 cut down 砍倒；减少 cut out 剪下；删除 cut off 切断 cut across 抄近路 1.Don’t cut in when others are speaking.（别人说话时不要插嘴。） 2.We must cut down the number of plastic bags.（我们必须减少塑料袋的使用。） 3.Cut out the shapes from the paper.（从纸上剪出形状。） 4.The electricity was cut off.（电被切断了。） 5.He cut across the park to get home faster.（他抄近路穿过公园回家。） 考点3：When our job is complete. 当我们的任务完成时。 complete v. 完成（只能接名词作宾语） complete the homework（完成作业） adj. 完整的，彻底的 a complete failure（彻底的失败） adv. completely 【辨析】finish 可接动词-ing finish doing = 做完某事 1.The room was completely silent.（房间完全安静。） 2.I finished reading the book.（我读完了这本书。） 考点4：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我表哥安德鲁特别痴迷于 DIY。 知识归纳 be crazy about (doing) sth. 表示“痴迷于做某事” = like/enjoy (doing) sth. very much She is crazy about collecting stamps.她非常热衷于集邮。 He is crazy about playing video games.他非常热爱玩电子游戏。 考点5：However, he is not a born handyman! 然而，他并不是天生的能工巧匠！ 1.however 副词，意为“然而”，语气较弱，可放句首/中/末。 → He worked hard. However, he failed. but 是连词，语气更强，通常用于句首连接两个分句。 2.be born 出生；be born + on 表示具体出生日期 → She was born in May. → He was born on New Year’s Day. at birth：在出生时 → The baby was healthy at birth. 1.He is interested in painting. However, he is not a born artist.他对绘画很感兴趣，但并不是天生的艺术家。 2.I love cooking, but I wasn’t born with the talent for it.我喜欢做饭，但并不是天生就有烹饪天赋。 考点6：Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.有一次，他试图在卧室安装一个更亮的灯泡，但他犯了个错误。 1.once ① adv. 曾经，表示过去的一次经历（常用于一般过去时） ② adv. 一次，表示频率 → We have PE once a week. 2.put in：安装（设备、灯具、窗户等） 常见 put 短语：put on（穿上）put out（扑灭）put up（搭建，举起） 3.mistake：n. make a mistake 犯错 make fewer mistakes 少犯错 mistake A for B 把 A 误认为 B 1.I once visited the Great Wall.我曾经去过长城。 2.They put in a new air conditioner last summer.他们去年夏天安装了新的空调。 3.Once, he tried to fix the washing machine, but he made things worse.有一次他试图修洗衣机，但越修越糟。 考点7：Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 又有一次，他想在卧室墙上挂一幅画，却打到了水管，把整个房间灌满了水。 1.another / other / the other / others another：另一个（泛指三个或以上中的任一）→ I want another cup of tea. the other：两者中的另一个 → One student is here, the other is absent. other：其他的（形容词/限定词）→ He has other books. others：其他人/其他事物（代词）→ Some students are playing, others are reading. put up：挂起、张贴、搭建 → We put up a tent in the park. hit：击中，撞到（动词原形/过去式/过去分词均为 hit）→ The car hit the wall. fill...with...：用……填满…… 1.He filled the glass with water. = The glass was filled with water.他将玻璃杯注满水。 2..One day, he put up a painting, but broke the glass by accident.有一天他挂画时不小心打碎了玻璃。 3.She filled the basket with fresh fruit from the garden.她用花园里摘的新鲜水果装满了篮子。 考点8：But his mum told him, “Stop trying to fix things all by yourself, dear.”但他妈妈告诉他说：“亲爱的，别总一个人修东西了。” stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 → Stop playing games.停止玩游戏 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 → He stopped to drink water.他停下来喝了口水。 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 【区别举例】： He tried to fix the chair.（努力修） He tried fixing the chair.（尝试用修理来解决问题） all by yourself = on your own：独自地，单独地→ She made the cake all by herself. 考点9：He didn’t listen. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. 他没有听劝，反而买了很多 DIY 的书，还报了个在线课程。 instead（副词）：作为替代 She didn’t call. She wrote a letter instead.她没有打电话，而是写了一封信。 instead of（介词短语）：不是……而是…… → I stayed at home instead of going to the party.我选择待在家里，而不是参加派对。 【区别总结】： 表达方式 用法 后接内容 instead of 否定替换 名词 / 代词 / 动词 ing instead 肯定替换 通常放句首/中/尾，独立成句 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.→ He bought a book for me. = He bought me a book. take a course in sth. = attend a course in sth.：参加……课程 1.He’s taking a course in computer science.他正在修读计算机科学课程。 2.She didn’t give up. Instead, she worked even harder.她没有放弃，反而更加努力。 3.I took a course in public speaking to overcome my fear.我参加了一个演讲课程来克服我的恐惧。 考点10：One day, he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed.有一天，他发现我的房间一团糟，书本散落在我的床上。 one day vs. some day one day：用于过去或将来的“某一天”→ One day, I met a famous writer.（过去） → I will visit Japan one day.（将来） some day：仅用于将来，语气更模糊→ I hope to become a scientist some day. in a mess：凌乱的状态 → Her desk is always in a mess.（她的桌子总是一团糟） with + n. + 介词短语/形容词 表伴随结构 → He stood there with his arms crossed.（他双臂交叉地站在那里） 考点11：“You’d better have a shelf for them,” he said.“你最好给它们放个书架，”他说。 had better (not) do sth.：表示建议或警告 You’d better take an umbrella.（你最好带把伞） You’d better not be late.（你最好别迟到） 特点：无主语变化，句型固定。 It’s better to do sth.：更通用的建议说法 It’s better to ask first.（最好先问问） 1.You’d better clean your desk, or you won’t find anything.你最好把书桌收拾一下，不然什么都找不到。 2.You’d better put your books in order before Mum sees this mess.你最好在妈妈发现之前把书整理好。 考点12：I was surprised to know that he made it himself.我很惊讶地得知他是自己做的。 surprise（n./v. 惊讶） to one's surprise：令人惊讶的是 → To my surprise, he passed the test. surprise sb.：使某人吃惊 → The news surprised me. surprised（adj. 人的情绪）→ I was surprised at the result. surprising（adj. 令人惊讶的）→ It was a surprising result. make 的用法 make sth. for sb.：为某人做某事 He made a gift for me.他为我准备了一份礼物。 make sb. do sth.：让某人做某事 She made me laugh.她让我笑了起来。 make sb./sth. + adj./n.：使某人/某物变成…… This made me nervous.这让我感到有些紧张。 / We made her monitor.我们让她担任监考员。 考点13：My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY seems impossible to him.我表哥喜欢自己动手，现在没有什么 DIY 事他觉得做不到。 seem（系动词/不及物动词） 1.seem (to be) + adj./n.：看起来是…… She seems happy. 她看起来很开心。 He seems (to be) a teacher./他似乎是一位教师。 2.seem + to do：似乎要做某事 → He seems to like this idea.他似乎很认同这个想法。 3.It seems that...：形式主语句型→ It seems that nobody is at home.似乎家里没人。 possible / impossible possible：可能的 impossible：不可能的（加前缀 im- 构成反义词） decide to do sth.：决定做某事→ I decided to paint the wall.我决定给这面墙刷漆。 make a decision (to do sth.)：下决心（做某事） She decided to fix the lamp by herself, even though it seemed impossible at first.她决定亲自修灯，尽管一开始看起来不可能。 考点14：Please don't give up. Keep trying and you will find you can remember things better.请不要放弃。坚持努力，你会发现记东西变得更容易。 1.give up：放弃 give up sth / doing sth 常用于鼓励句型中：Don’t give up! 2.keep doing sth.：持续做某事 3.祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句： 表示条件结果关系，功能类似于 if 条件句。 祈使句结构 同义条件句 Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus. Work hard, and you will succeed. If you work hard, you will succeed. 1.He gave up smoking last year.（他去年戒烟了。） 2.Keep reading, and you’ll understand it better.（继续读下去，你会更明白。） 3.Don’t be afraid. Try again and you will improve.不要害怕。再试一次，你会进步的。 考点15：You had better not / shouldn’t begin your work without reading them.你最好不要在不读它们的情况下就开始做作业。 1. begin (v.) 开始 begin to do / doing sth = start to do / doing sth She began to cry. / She began crying. beginning (n.) 开始 2.without (prep.) 没有、缺乏 without sb. / sth. / doing sth 3.patient adj. 有耐心的n. 病人 1.In the beginning, I didn’t understand anything.（一开始我什么都不懂。） 2.Her answer was incorrect, so she tried again.她的回答不正确，于是又尝试了一次。 3.That’s an impolite way to talk to your parents.那样和父母说话很不礼貌。 4.Don’t go out without taking your keys.（别不带钥匙就出门。） 5.He solved the problem without any help.（他在没有帮助的情况下解决了问题。） 6.You must be patient with young children.（你必须对小孩子有耐心。） 7.There are many patients in the hospital.（医院里有很多病人。） 8.You shouldn’t answer the question without thinking.你不该不加思考就回答问题。 考点16：形容词的常见否定前缀规则： 规则 前缀 例词 反义词 ① 一般规则 un- necessary unnecessary（不必要的） un- friendly unfriendly（不友好的） ② c / e 开头 in- correct incorrect（不正确的） in- expensive inexpensive（不昂贵的） ③ p 开头 im- proper improper（不合适的） im- polite impolite（不礼貌的） ④ r 开头 ir- regular irregular（不规则的） ir- responsible irresponsible（不负责任的） ⑤ 特殊规则 dis- honest dishonest（不诚实的） dis- satisfied dissatisfied（不满意的） 注意： 否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。 某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。 考点17：Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art, but also a lifestyle.扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，更是一种生活方式。 1.not only... but also... 结构说明： 表示“不但……而且……” 连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”决定谓语动词单复数。 2.form（n./v.） n. 表格，形式 e.g. fill in a form（填表） / an art form（艺术形式） v. 形成；构成 e.g. form a habit of reading（养成阅读的习惯） 1.This project is not only fun but also meaningful.这个项目不仅有趣，而且有意义。 2.Not only my classmates but also our teacher joined the DIY activity.不仅我的同学们，连老师也参加了DIY活动。 3.Mr Yang is not only my teacher but also my friend. = Mr Yang is both my teacher and my friend.杨先生既是我的老师，也是我的朋友。 4.Not only you but also he is crazy about decorating houses. = Both you and he are crazy about decorating houses.你和他都对家居装饰情有独钟。 考点18：If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing?如果你想在家制作新东西时获得乐趣，何不试试扎染呢？ 建议句型 1.Let’s do sth. 2.Shall we...? 3.How / What about doing...? 4.Why not do...? 5.Would you like to...? 6.Would / Will you please...? 1.Let’s try something new.让我们尝试新事物吧！ 2.Shall we paint the wall together?我们一起来粉刷墙壁吧？ 3.How about making a model car?想做个模型车怎么样？ 4.Why not create your own T-shirt?何不亲手设计一件专属T恤呢？ 5.Would you like to join our DIY club?您想加入我们的 DIY 俱乐部吗？ 6.Will you please pass me the scissors?请把剪刀递给我好吗？ 7.Why not make something useful out of waste paper?为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？ 8.Let’s try to decorate the room with handmade items.咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。 考点19：I like making new things out of old ones. It can reduce waste.我喜欢用旧物做新东西。这可以减少浪费。 reduce reduce sth. to...：减少到某个程度 reduce sth. by...：减少了多少百分比 1.Costs will be reduced by as much as 90%.（成本将减少多达90%。） 2.The number of plastic bags has been reduced to a minimum.（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。） 3.Reusing paper can help reduce waste at school.重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。 4.Recycling bottles and cans can reduce pollution.回收瓶子和易拉罐可以减少污染。 考点20：I love DIY because I find I’m good at it.我喜欢DIY，因为我发现自己很擅长它。 be good at sth.：擅长某事 be good for sth.：对……有益 be good to sb.：对某人好 同义表达：do well in = be good at 反义表达：be weak in（不擅长） 1.I’m good at solving problems with my hands.我擅长用双手解决问题。 2.She is good at making creative decorations.她擅长做有创意的装饰品。 考点21：Doing DIY brings me great joy.做DIY让我感到非常快乐。 bring vs. take bring：带来（朝说话人方向） e.g. Please bring me your notebook. take：带走（离开说话人方向） e.g. Take your umbrella with you. 1.Painting brings me a lot of happiness.画画给我带来了很多快乐。 2.Making gifts by hand brings joy to both me and the receiver.手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。 考点22：We felt very proud and happy!我们感到非常自豪和快乐！ be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪 pride（n.）骄傲 e.g. He is the pride of his family. be proud to do sth.：为做某事感到自豪 1.I was proud of my handmade model.我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。 2.They were proud to present their group project.他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。 五．语法串讲 祈使句 　　当我们向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时,常使用祈使句。祈使句一般省略主语you,以动词原形开头。根据句子开头动词的不同,常把祈使句分为以下几种: Do型 肯定式 行为动词原形+其他. Put up your hand, please. 请举手。 否定式 Don't+行为动词原形+其他. Don't play with fire. 不要玩火。 Be型 肯定式 Be+表语+其他. Be careful next time. 下次小心。 否定式 Don't+be+表语+其他. Don't be late next time.下次不要迟到。 Let型 肯定式 Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他. Let me help you carry the heavy box.让我帮你拿这个重箱子吧。 否定式 Don't+let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他. Don't let him do that.不要让他做那件事。 Let+人称代词宾格+not+动词原形+其他. Let him not go there with his father.让他不要和他父亲去那儿。 无动词 祈使句 This way,please!请这边走! No smoking!禁止抽烟! should和had better 词汇 用法 例句 should 意为"应当,应该",表达责任、义务、劝告等,没有人称、数和时态的变化。 We should do what the teacher told us.我们应该按老师说的去做。 had better 常简写为’d better 意为"最好",表示劝告、建议,其否定式为had better not。 You'd better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院(看病)。 You'd better not forget to do your homework.你最好别忘了做家庭作业。 六．写作串讲 本单元的主题是“动手的乐趣”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍手工制作东西。 与此相关的写作维度有: ①制作东西的方法; ②制作东西的工具和材料; ③制作东西的过程。 中考书面表达与此相关的命题形式有很多,如:回信、经验分享和发帖子等。一般要介绍的主要内容有:制作某物的过程、制作某物的经历等。 必备词句: （1）mix...together把……混合在一起　 （2）cut up切碎　 （3）pour...into...把……倒入……　 （4）after a while过一会儿 （5）put...in...把……放入…… （6）Today, let me tell you how to make scrambled eggs with tomatoes—a delicious dish.今天,让我告诉你如何制作西红柿炒鸡蛋。 （7）After a while, put the eggs in the pan, and then the tomatoes.过一会儿,把鸡蛋放进锅里,然后放西红柿。 （8）traditional art forms传统艺术形式　 （9）a long way to go 还有很长的路要走　 （10）be supposed to 应该　 （11）learn some basic living skills学习一些基本的生活技能　 （12）draw attention 引起注意 （13）But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.但当你最终成功时,你会为自己感到骄傲。 （14）Maybe they are so used to working that they aren't very good at having fun.也许他们太习惯于工作,以至于不善于玩乐。 写作实例 假如你是《美食天下》节目的主持人,请你按照下面的图示, 用英语介绍一下西红柿炒鸡蛋的做法。 词数70左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 提示:1.所需原料:西红柿、 鸡蛋各两个,少许食用油、盐和糖;2.烹饪时间:约三分钟。 参考词汇:oil油;salt盐;pan平底锅;mix混合;scrambled eggs炒鸡蛋 Ladies and gentlemen, Glad to meet you here! Ladies and gentlemen, 　　Glad to meet you here! Today, let me tell you how to make scrambled eggs with tomatoes—a delicious dish. You need two eggs, two tomatoes, some oil, sugar and salt. Now, let's practise together. First, you should break the two eggs and mix them together. Next, cut up the tomatoes. Then, pour some oil into the pan. After a while, put the eggs in the pan, and then the tomatoes. Cook them for about three minutes. Finally, add a little salt and sugar. Now the dish is ready! Thanks for joining us. See you next time! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Hands-on fun 知识清单（单词、短语、句子、语法、写作） 一．重点单词背默 动词 1. 折叠 2. 使惊奇,使感到意外 3. 扎染（织物） 4. 使扭曲,使弯曲 5. (用线、绳等)系,拴,绑,捆 6. 解开 7. 减少 8. 缝制 名词 9. 月饼 10. 架子 11. 玫瑰（花） 12. 自己动手 13. 手巧的人 14. 错误 15. 断电,停电 16. 管道,管子 17. 课程 18. 杂乱,不整洁 19. 灯 20. 金属容器,塑料容器 21. 粉笔 22. 标记;分数 23. 刷子;画笔 24. 用法说明 25. 方法 26. 布料,织物 27. 线 28. 产品 29. 作坊 30. 图案;模式 31. 衣服,服装 32. 卷;管 33. 浪费;废料 34. 乐趣;高兴 35. 理由,原因 36. 结果,后果 37. 手套 38. 纽扣;按钮 39.（手套的）指部;手指 形容词 40. 完成,结束;全部的 41. 狂热的;迷恋的 42. 天生的 43. 不幸的,不顺利的 44. 不可能的 45. 危险的 46. 通常的,寻常的 副词 47. 反而 48. 几乎,差不多,将近 介词 49. 到……上,向……上 多重词性词 50.n.胶带 vt.用胶带粘贴 51. n.胶,胶水vt.（用胶水）黏合,粘贴 52. adv.& pron. 到处 53. vt.给……染色,染 n.染料,染液 二．重点短语背默 1. 一把剪刀 2. 热衷于 3. 犯一个错误 4. 张贴 5. 使……充满 6. 上一个在线DIY课 7. 乱七八糟in a mess 8. 引起某人注意 9. 确保 10. 混合某物 11. 编写说明 12. 有用的书 13. 不仅……而且…… 14. 鲜艳的颜色 三．重点句子背默 1. 他喜欢自己动手制作或修理家里的东西。 He loves to things around his house . 2. 现在我的房间看起来很棒,并且我很容易找到我的书。 Now my room looks great, and my books. 3. 得知那是他自己做的我很惊讶! I know that he ! 4. 他认为自己动手是娱乐和省钱的好方法。 He thinks DIY is a good way to . 5. 我喜欢自己做事情。I . 6. 扎染是一种有1 500多年历史的古老艺术,并且在唐朝最为流行。 Tie-dyeing is an old art over 1,500 years, and it became in the Tang Dynasty. 7. 扎染不仅是一种艺术形式,也是一种生活方式。 Tie-dyeing is n a form of art, a lifestyle. 8. 这也是一种与好朋友和家人共度时光的有趣方式。 spend time with good friends and family. 四．核心知识点解析 考点1： Describe our own experience of making something. 描述我们亲手制作某物的经历。 1.own v. 拥有 owner（n. 物主，所有人） 短语：of one’s own：某人自己的 on one’s own = alone/by oneself：独自地 He did the work on his own.（他独立完成了这项工作。） 2.experience 可数名词：一次经历 不可数名词：经验 动词：体验，经历 派生词：experienced（adj. 有经验的） 1.I have a room of my .（我有自己的房间。） 2.I had an exciting at the camp. 我在营地有一次令人兴奋的经历。 3.He has much in teaching. 他在教学方面有丰富的经验。 4.She a lot of difficulties. 她经历了很多困难。 5.My father is an driver. 我爸爸是一位有经验的司机。 考点2：And I’ll cut the flower shapes. 我来剪出花朵的形状。 cut 短语搭配 cut in (on sb.) 插嘴，打断 cut down 砍倒；减少 cut out 剪下；删除 cut off 切断 cut across 抄近路 1.Don’t cut when others are speaking.（别人说话时不要插嘴。） 2.We must cut the number of plastic bags.（我们必须减少塑料袋的使用。） 3.Cut the shapes from the paper.（从纸上剪出形状。） 4.The electricity was cut .（电被切断了。） 5.He cut the park to get home faster.（他抄近路穿过公园回家。） 考点3：When our job is complete. 当我们的任务完成时。 complete v. 完成（只能接名词作宾语） complete the homework（完成作业） adj. 完整的，彻底的 a complete failure（彻底的失败） adv. completely 【辨析】finish 可接动词-ing finish doing = 做完某事 1.The room was silent.（房间完全安静。） 2.I finished the book.（我读完了这本书。） 考点4：My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY. 我表哥安德鲁特别痴迷于 DIY。 知识归纳 be crazy about (doing) sth. 表示“痴迷于做某事” = like/enjoy (doing) sth. very much She is crazy about stamps.她非常热衷于集邮。 He is about playing video games.他非常热爱玩电子游戏。 考点5：However, he is not a born handyman! 然而，他并不是天生的能工巧匠！ 1.however 副词，意为“然而”，语气较弱，可放句首/中/末。 → He worked hard. However, he failed. but 是连词，语气更强，通常用于句首连接两个分句。 2.be born 出生；be born + on 表示具体出生日期 → She was born in May. → He was born on New Year’s Day. at birth：在出生时 → The baby was healthy at birth. 1.He is interested in painting. , he is not a born artist.他对绘画很感兴趣，但并不是天生的艺术家。 2.I love cooking, but I wasn’t the talent for it.我喜欢做饭，但并不是天生就有烹饪天赋。 考点6：Once, he tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.有一次，他试图在卧室安装一个更亮的灯泡，但他犯了个错误。 1.once ① adv. 曾经，表示过去的一次经历（常用于一般过去时） ② adv. 一次，表示频率 → We have PE once a week. 2.put in：安装（设备、灯具、窗户等） 常见 put 短语：put on（穿上）put out（扑灭）put up（搭建，举起） 3.mistake：n. make a mistake 犯错 make fewer mistakes 少犯错 mistake A for B 把 A 误认为 B 1.I visited the Great Wall.我曾经去过长城。 2.They a new air conditioner last summer.他们去年夏天安装了新的空调。 3.Once, he tried to fix the washing machine, but he made things .有一次他试图修洗衣机，但越修越糟。 考点7：Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 又有一次，他想在卧室墙上挂一幅画，却打到了水管，把整个房间灌满了水。 1.another / other / the other / others another：另一个（泛指三个或以上中的任一）→ I want another cup of tea. the other：两者中的另一个 → One student is here, the other is absent. other：其他的（形容词/限定词）→ He has other books. others：其他人/其他事物（代词）→ Some students are playing, others are reading. put up：挂起、张贴、搭建 → We put up a tent in the park. hit：击中，撞到（动词原形/过去式/过去分词均为 hit）→ The car hit the wall. fill...with...：用……填满…… 1.He filled the glass with water. = The glass was filled water.他将玻璃杯注满水。 2..One day, he a painting, but broke the glass by accident.有一天他挂画时不小心打碎了玻璃。 3.She the basket fresh fruit from the garden.她用花园里摘的新鲜水果装满了篮子。 考点8：But his mum told him, “Stop trying to fix things all by yourself, dear.”但他妈妈告诉他说：“亲爱的，别总一个人修东西了。” stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事 → Stop playing games.停止玩游戏 stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 → He stopped to drink water.他停下来喝了口水。 try to do sth. 努力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 【区别举例】： He tried fix the chair.（努力修） He tried the chair.（尝试用修理来解决问题） all by yourself = on your own：独自地，单独地→ She made the cake all by herself. 考点9：He didn’t listen. Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well. 他没有听劝，反而买了很多 DIY 的书，还报了个在线课程。 instead（副词）：作为替代 She didn’t call. She wrote a letter instead.她没有打电话，而是写了一封信。 instead of（介词短语）：不是……而是…… → I stayed at home instead of going to the party.我选择待在家里，而不是参加派对。 【区别总结】： 表达方式 用法 后接内容 instead of 否定替换 名词 / 代词 / 动词 ing instead 肯定替换 通常放句首/中/尾，独立成句 buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth.→ He bought a book for me. = He bought me a book. take a course in sth. = attend a course in sth.：参加……课程 1.He’s taking a in computer science.他正在修读计算机科学课程。 2.She didn’t give up. , she worked even harder.她没有放弃，反而更加努力。 3.I took a in public speaking to overcome my fear.我参加了一个演讲课程来克服我的恐惧。 考点10：One day, he found my room in a mess, with books all over my bed.有一天，他发现我的房间一团糟，书本散落在我的床上。 one day vs. some day one day：用于过去或将来的“某一天”→ One day, I met a famous writer.（过去） → I will visit Japan one day.（将来） some day：仅用于将来，语气更模糊→ I hope to become a scientist some day. in a mess：凌乱的状态 → Her desk is always .（她的桌子总是一团糟） with + n. + 介词短语/形容词 表伴随结构 → He stood there his arms crossed.（他双臂交叉地站在那里） 考点11：“You’d better have a shelf for them,” he said.“你最好给它们放个书架，”他说。 had better (not) do sth.：表示建议或警告 You’d better take an umbrella.（你最好带把伞） You’d better not be late.（你最好别迟到） 特点：无主语变化，句型固定。 It’s better to do sth.：更通用的建议说法 It’s better to ask first.（最好先问问） 1.You’d better your desk, or you won’t find anything.你最好把书桌收拾一下，不然什么都找不到。 2.You put your books in order before Mum sees this mess.你最好在妈妈发现之前把书整理好。 考点12：I was surprised to know that he made it himself.我很惊讶地得知他是自己做的。 surprise（n./v. 惊讶） to one's surprise：令人惊讶的是 → To my surprise, he passed the test. surprise sb.：使某人吃惊 → The news surprised me. surprised（adj. 人的情绪）→ I was surprised at the result. surprising（adj. 令人惊讶的）→ It was a surprising result. make 的用法 make sth. for sb.：为某人做某事 He made a gift me.他为我准备了一份礼物。 make sb. do sth.：让某人做某事 She made me .她让我笑了起来。 make sb./sth. + adj./n.：使某人/某物变成…… This made me .这让我感到有些紧张。 / We made her .我们让她担任监考员。 考点13：My cousin enjoys DIY and now no DIY seems impossible to him.我表哥喜欢自己动手，现在没有什么 DIY 事他觉得做不到。 seem（系动词/不及物动词） 1.seem (to be) + adj./n.：看起来是…… She seems happy. 她看起来很开心。 He seems (to be) a teacher./他似乎是一位教师。 2.seem + to do：似乎要做某事 → He seems to like this idea.他似乎很认同这个想法。 3.It seems that...：形式主语句型→ It seems that nobody is at home.似乎家里没人。 possible / impossible possible：可能的 impossible：不可能的（加前缀 im- 构成反义词） decide to do sth.：决定做某事→ I decided to paint the wall.我决定给这面墙刷漆。 make a decision (to do sth.)：下决心（做某事） She decided fix the lamp by herself, even though it impossible at first.她决定亲自修灯，尽管一开始看起来不可能。 考点14：Please don't give up. Keep trying and you will find you can remember things better.请不要放弃。坚持努力，你会发现记东西变得更容易。 1.give up：放弃 give up sth / doing sth 常用于鼓励句型中：Don’t give up! 2.keep doing sth.：持续做某事 3.祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句： 表示条件结果关系，功能类似于 if 条件句。 祈使句结构 同义条件句 Hurry up, or you will miss the bus. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus. Work hard, and you will succeed. If you work hard, you will succeed. 1.He gave up last year.（他去年戒烟了。） 2.Keep , and you’ll understand it better.（继续读下去，你会更明白。） 3.Don’t be afraid. Try again you will improve.不要害怕。再试一次，你会进步的。 考点15：You had better not / shouldn’t begin your work without reading them.你最好不要在不读它们的情况下就开始做作业。 1. begin (v.) 开始 begin to do / doing sth = start to do / doing sth She began to cry. / She began crying. beginning (n.) 开始 2.without (prep.) 没有、缺乏 without sb. / sth. / doing sth 3.patient adj. 有耐心的n. 病人 1.In the , I didn’t understand anything.（一开始我什么都不懂。） 2.Her answer was incorrect, so she again.她的回答不正确，于是又尝试了一次。 3.That’s an impolite way to talk to your parents.那样和父母说话很不礼貌。 4.Don’t go out taking your keys.（别不带钥匙就出门。） 5.He solved the problem any help.（他在没有帮助的情况下解决了问题。） 6.You must be patient young children.（你必须对小孩子有耐心。） 7.There are many in the hospital.（医院里有很多病人。） 8.You shouldn’t answer the question thinking.你不该不加思考就回答问题。 考点16：形容词的常见否定前缀规则： 规则 前缀 例词 反义词 ① 一般规则 un- necessary unnecessary（不必要的） un- friendly unfriendly（不友好的） ② c / e 开头 in- correct incorrect（不正确的） in- expensive inexpensive（不昂贵的） ③ p 开头 im- proper improper（不合适的） im- polite impolite（不礼貌的） ④ r 开头 ir- regular irregular（不规则的） ir- responsible irresponsible（不负责任的） ⑤ 特殊规则 dis- honest dishonest（不诚实的） dis- satisfied dissatisfied（不满意的） 注意： 否定前缀不能随意添加，要根据形容词首字母判断。 某些前缀还可用于动词（如：agree → disagree）。 考点17：Tie-dyeing is not only a form of art, but also a lifestyle.扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，更是一种生活方式。 1.not only... but also... 结构说明： 表示“不但……而且……” 连接两个主语时，遵循“就近原则”决定谓语动词单复数。 2.form（n./v.） n. 表格，形式 e.g. fill in a form（填表） / an art form（艺术形式） v. 形成；构成 e.g. form a habit of reading（养成阅读的习惯） 1.This project is fun meaningful.这个项目不仅有趣，而且有意义。 2.Not only my classmates but also our teacher the DIY activity.不仅我的同学们，连老师也参加了DIY活动。 3.Mr Yang is not only my teacher but also my friend. = Mr Yang is my teacher and my friend.杨先生既是我的老师，也是我的朋友。 4.Not only you but also he is crazy about decorating houses. = you he are crazy about decorating houses.你和他都对家居装饰情有独钟。 考点18：If you want to have fun making new things at home, why not try tie-dyeing?如果你想在家制作新东西时获得乐趣，何不试试扎染呢？ 建议句型 1.Let’s do sth. 2.Shall we...? 3.How / What about doing...? 4.Why not do...? 5.Would you like to...? 6.Would / Will you please...? 1. try something new.让我们尝试新事物吧！ 2. we paint the wall together?我们一起来粉刷墙壁吧？ 3.How about a model car?想做个模型车怎么样？ 4.Why not your own T-shirt?何不亲手设计一件专属T恤呢？ 5.Would you like join our DIY club?您想加入我们的 DIY 俱乐部吗？ 6.Will you please me the scissors?请把剪刀递给我好吗？ 7.Why not something useful out of waste paper?为什么不试着用废纸做些有用的东西呢？ 8.Let’s to decorate the room with handmade items.咱们用手工物品来装饰房间吧。 考点19：I like making new things out of old ones. It can reduce waste.我喜欢用旧物做新东西。这可以减少浪费。 reduce reduce sth. to...：减少到某个程度 reduce sth. by...：减少了多少百分比 1.Costs will be by as much as 90%.（成本将减少多达90%。） 2.The number of plastic bags has been reduced a minimum.（塑料袋数量已减少到最低。） 3.Reusing paper can help waste at school.重复利用纸张可以帮助学校减少浪费。 4.Recycling bottles and cans can pollution.回收瓶子和易拉罐可以减少污染。 考点20：I love DIY because I find I’m good at it.我喜欢DIY，因为我发现自己很擅长它。 be good at sth.：擅长某事 be good for sth.：对……有益 be good to sb.：对某人好 同义表达：do well in = be good at 反义表达：be weak in（不擅长） 1.I’m good solving problems with my hands.我擅长用双手解决问题。 2.She is good at creative decorations.她擅长做有创意的装饰品。 考点21：Doing DIY brings me great joy.做DIY让我感到非常快乐。 bring vs. take bring：带来（朝说话人方向） e.g. Please bring me your notebook. take：带走（离开说话人方向） e.g. Take your umbrella with you. 1.Painting me a lot of happiness.画画给我带来了很多快乐。 2.Making gifts by hand joy to both me and the receiver.手工制作礼物既让我开心，也让收礼人感到高兴。 考点22：We felt very proud and happy!我们感到非常自豪和快乐！ be proud of = take pride in：为……感到自豪 pride（n.）骄傲 e.g. He is the pride of his family. be proud to do sth.：为做某事感到自豪 1.I my handmade model.我为我自己做的模型感到自豪。 2.They present their group project.他们为展示小组项目而感到骄傲。 五．语法串讲 祈使句 　　当我们向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时,常使用祈使句。祈使句一般省略主语you,以动词原形开头。根据句子开头动词的不同,常把祈使句分为以下几种: Do型 肯定式 行为动词原形+其他. Put up your hand, please. 请举手。 否定式 Don't+行为动词原形+其他. Don't play with fire. 不要玩火。 Be型 肯定式 Be+表语+其他. Be careful next time. 下次小心。 否定式 Don't+be+表语+其他. be late next time.下次不要迟到。 Let型 肯定式 Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他. me help you carry the heavy box.让我帮你拿这个重箱子吧。 否定式 Don't+let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他. Don't him do that.不要让他做那件事。 Let+人称代词宾格+not+动词原形+其他. Let him not there with his father.让他不要和他父亲去那儿。 无动词 祈使句 This way,please!请这边走! No !禁止抽烟! should和had better 词汇 用法 例句 should 意为"应当,应该",表达责任、义务、劝告等,没有人称、数和时态的变化。 We should what the teacher told us.我们应该按老师说的去做。 had better 常简写为’d better 意为"最好",表示劝告、建议,其否定式为had better not。 You'd better to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院(看病)。 You'd better forget to do your homework.你最好别忘了做家庭作业。 六．写作串讲 本单元的主题是“动手的乐趣”,要求学生能用所学的词汇和句型介绍手工制作东西。 与此相关的写作维度有: ①制作东西的方法; ②制作东西的工具和材料; ③制作东西的过程。 中考书面表达与此相关的命题形式有很多,如:回信、经验分享和发帖子等。一般要介绍的主要内容有:制作某物的过程、制作某物的经历等。 必备词句: （1）mix...together把……混合在一起　 （2）cut up切碎　 （3）pour...into...把……倒入……　 （4）after a while过一会儿 （5）put...in...把……放入…… （6）Today, let me tell you how to make scrambled eggs with tomatoes—a delicious dish.今天,让我告诉你如何制作西红柿炒鸡蛋。 （7）After a while, put the eggs in the pan, and then the tomatoes.过一会儿,把鸡蛋放进锅里,然后放西红柿。 （8）traditional art forms传统艺术形式　 （9）a long way to go 还有很长的路要走　 （10）be supposed to 应该　 （11）learn some basic living skills学习一些基本的生活技能　 （12）draw attention 引起注意 （13）But when you finally make it, you will feel proud of yourself.但当你最终成功时,你会为自己感到骄傲。 （14）Maybe they are so used to working that they aren't very good at having fun.也许他们太习惯于工作,以至于不善于玩乐。 写作实例 假如你是《美食天下》节目的主持人,请你按照下面的图示, 用英语介绍一下西红柿炒鸡蛋的做法。 词数70左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 提示:1.所需原料:西红柿、 鸡蛋各两个,少许食用油、盐和糖;2.烹饪时间:约三分钟。 参考词汇:oil油;salt盐;pan平底锅;mix混合;scrambled eggs炒鸡蛋 Ladies and gentlemen, Glad to meet you here! Ladies and gentlemen, 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $