Unit4 Natural Disasters单词表默写清单与练习-2026-2027学年人教版高中英语必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦“自然灾害”主题词汇与语法应用，构建“词汇记忆-语法巩固-语篇综合”渐进式训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇默写|55单词+7短语|基础词汇记忆|按“灾害类型-救援行动-影响结果”主题分类，构建语义网络| |词形填空|30题|词形转换与语法应用|覆盖名词复数、动词时态、词性转换等，衔接词汇与语法| |汉译英翻译|15题|短语与句型综合运用|每题嵌入核心短语（如in ruins, as if），强化语境表达| |语法填空|10空|语篇语境语法填空|以灾害事件为语篇载体，综合考查时态、介词、非谓语等|

Unit4 Natural Disasters单词表默写清单与练习 第一部分 词汇默写清单 单词 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.灾难；灾害 n. ____________ 2.龙卷风；旋风 n. ____________ 3.旱灾；久旱 n. ____________ 4.崩塌；滑坡 n. ____________ 5.（使）滑行；滑动 vi.& vt. ____________ 6.海啸 n. ____________ 7.洪水;大量n.;淹没vi.;使灌满水vt. ________ 8.火山喷发 (短语) ____________ 9.震级；重大 n. ____________ 10.营救；救援 n.& vt. ____________ 11.损害；破坏 vt.；损坏；损失 n. ________ 12.摧毁；毁灭 vt. ____________ 13.疏散；撤出 vt.；撤离 vi. ____________ 14.直升机 n. ____________ 15.死；死亡 n. ____________ 16.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动 vt. ____________ 17.避难处；居所；庇护 n.； 保护 vt.；躲避 vi. ____________ 18.裂纹;裂缝 n.；(使)破裂 vi.& vt. _________ 19.气体；燃气；汽油 n. ____________ 20.破坏；毁坏 n.& vt. ____________ 21.百分之…… n.；每一百中 adj.&adv. ______ 22.砖；砖块 n. ____________ 23.金属 n. ____________ 24.震惊；休克 n.；（使）震惊 vt. ________ 25.电；电能 n. ____________ 26.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 vt.；险境；陷阱 n. ____________ 27.埋葬；安葬 vt. ____________ 28.呼吸 vi.& vt. ____________ 29.复活;（使）苏醒 vt.& vi. ___________ 30.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 n. ____________ 31.统一；（使）成一体 vi.& vt. ____________ 32.智慧；才智 n. ____________ 33.上下文；语境；背景 n. ____________ 34.遭受;蒙受 vt.；（因疾病、痛苦等） 受苦 vi. ____________ 35.（火山）爆发 vi.&vt. ____________ 36.供应(量)；补给 n.;供应;供给 vt. _______;_ 37.台风 n. ____________ 38.飓风 n. ____________ 39.生存;存活 vi.;幸存;艰难度过 vt. _________ 40.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力 n. ________ 41.轻叩；轻敲 vi.&vt.；水龙头 n. ________ 42.管子；管道 n. ____________ 43.吹口哨;发出笛声 vi.;吹口哨 vt.;哨子 n. ___ 44.突发事件；紧急情况 n. ____________ 45.镇静的；沉着的 adj.；使平静 vt.； 使镇静 vi. ____________ 46.援助；帮助 n.；帮助； 援助 vi.&vt. ____________ 47.成套工具；成套设备 n. ____________ 48.碰撞；撞击 vt.&vi.；撞车 n. ____________ 49.打扫；清扫 vt.&vi. ____________ 50.海浪；波浪 n.；挥手 vi.&vt. ____________ 51.侵袭;突击;击打 vi.&vt.;袭击 n. _______ 52.递送；传达 vt.&vi.；发表 vt. ____________ 53.总结；概括；概要 n. ____________ 54.影响；结果；效果 n. ____________ 55.长；长度 n. ____________ 短语 1.似乎；好像；仿佛 ____________ 2.严重受损；破败不堪 ____________ 3.露天；在户外 ____________ 4.急救箱 ____________ 5.现有（尤指帮助） ____________ 6.消灭；彻底消除 ____________ 7.震惊；吃惊 ____________ 第二部分 配套练习 大题一 用所给词的正确形式填空 1.Natural ________ (disaster) happen from time to time around the world. 2.Many people needed ________ (rescue) after the big flood. 3.The big storm ________ (damage) a large number of houses last night. 4.The fire ________ (destroy) the whole village in several hours. 5.Several ________ (helicopter) arrived to help evacuate local people. 6.The terrible earthquake caused many ________ (die). 7.The bad weather greatly ________ (affect) people’s daily life. 8.People built ________ (shelter) for the homeless after the disaster. 9.You can see many ________ (crack) on the old wall. 10.The whole city lay in ________ (ruin) after the volcanic eruption. 11.Thirty ________ (percent) of the buildings were damaged in the earthquake. 12.He stood there in ________ (shock) when he saw the terrible scene. 13.Thousands of people were ________ (trap) in the fallen buildings. 14.The dead were ________ (bury) on the hill far away from the town. 15.Take a deep ________ (breathe) when you feel nervous in emergency. 16.They made every ________ (effort) to save the injured people. 17.He showed great ________ (wise) when facing the natural disaster. 18.Many local people ________ (suffer) a lot from the drought last year. 19.The ________ (supply) of food and water are very important for survivors. 20.Only a few people ________ (survive) the terrible tsunami. 21.The town lost its electric ________ (power) after the hurricane. 22.Keep ________ (calm) when you meet an emergency. 23.We should prepare a firstaid ________ (kit) at home. 24.The strong wind ________ (sweep) away many trees last week. 25.The earthquake ________ (strike) the small town at midnight. 26.The reporter ________ (deliver) the latest news about the disaster yesterday. 27.What ________ (effect) will the flood have on local crops? 28.We measured the ________ (long) of the fallen wall. 29.The ________ (revive) of the town took a long time. 30.They offered much ________ (aid) to the homeless villagers. 大题二 汉译英句子翻译 1.这座小镇地震过后破败不堪。(in ruins) ________________________________________________________ 2.他看起来好像刚刚经历了一场灾难。(as if) ________________________________________________________ 3.难民们露天过夜，缺少物资。(in the open air) ________________________________________________________ 4.家里最好准备一个急救箱应对紧急情况。(first aid kit) ________________________________________________________ 5.幸运的是，我们有足够的食物现有。(on hand) ________________________________________________________ 6.政府希望彻底消除这场洪水带来的隐患。(sweep away) ________________________________________________________ 7.看到被毁坏的家园，人们震惊不已。(in shock) ________________________________________________________ 8.似乎台风将要袭击这座沿海城市。(as if) ________________________________________________________ 9.暴风雨过后，整个村庄破败不堪。(in ruins) ________________________________________________________ 10.救援人员在户外开展营救工作。(in the open air) ________________________________________________________ 11.遇到地震，急救箱能帮上大忙。(first aid kit) ________________________________________________________ 12.我们手上现有一些药品送给受灾群众。(on hand) ________________________________________________________ 13.巨浪把岸边的房屋彻底消除了。(sweep away) ________________________________________________________ 14.许多人站在那里，吃惊地看着这片废墟。(in shock) ________________________________________________________ 15.好像火山喷发马上就要到来。(as if) ________________________________________________________ 大题三 语法填空 Natural disasters can bring great pain to human beings. A big flood 1.___________ (strike) a small town last summer. Many houses lay 2.___________ ruins. Some people were trapped and needed 3.___________(rescue). Several helicopters came to evacuate the survivors. Some people were 4.___________(shock) at the terrible scene, standing 5.___________ shock in the open air. People made every 6.___________(effort) to offer food and medicine. There was a firstaid kit 7. ___________hand for the injured. The disaster greatly 8.___________(affect) local life. Luckily, most people 9.___________(survive). With much aid, the town began 10._______(revive) little by little. Keys 第一部分 默写清单 单词 1.disaster n. 2.tornado n. 3.drought n. 4.landslide n. 5.slide vi.& vt. 6.tsunami n. 7.flood n./vi./vt. 8.volcanic eruption 9.magnitude n. 10.rescue n.& vt. 11.damage vt./n. 12.destroy vt. 13.evacuate vt./vi. 14.helicopter n. 15.death n. 16.affect vt. 17.shelter n./vt./vi. 18.crack n./vi.& vt. 19.gas n. 20.ruin n.& vt. 21.percent n./adj.&adv. 22.brick n. 23.metal n. 24.shock n./vt. 25.electricity n. 26.trap vt./n. 27.bury vt. 28.breathe vi.& vt. 29.revive vt.& vi. 30.effort n. 31.unify vi.& vt. 32.wisdom n. 33.context n. 34.suffer vt./vi. 35.erupt vi.& vt. 36.supply n./vt. 37.typhoon n. 38.hurricane n. 39.survive vi./vt. 40.power n. 41.tap vi.& vt./n. 42.pipe n. 43.whistle vi./vt./n. 44.emergency n. 45.calm adj./vt./vi. 46.aid n./vi.& vt. 47.kit n. 48.crash vt.& vi./n. 49.sweep vt.& vi. 50.wave n./vi.& vt. 51.strike vi.& vt./n. 52.deliver vt.& vi./vt. 53.summary n. 54.effect n. 55.length n. 短语 1.as if 2.in ruins 3.in the open air 4.first aid kit 5.on hand 6.sweep away 7.in shock 第二部分 配套练习 一、词形填空 1.disasters 2.rescuing / to be rescued 3.damaged 4.destroyed 5.helicopters 6.deaths 7.affected 8.shelters 9.cracks 10.ruins 11.percent 12.shock 13.trapped 14.buried 15.breath 16.effort 17.wisdom 18.suffered 19.supplies 20.survived 21.power 22.calm 23.kit 24.swept 25.struck 26.delivered 27.effect 28.length 29.revival 30.aid 二、汉译英参考 1.The small town lay in ruins after the earthquake. 2.He looks as if he has just experienced a disaster. 3.Refugees spent the night in the open air and were short of supplies. 4.We had better prepare a firstaid kit at home for emergencies. 5.Luckily, we have enough food on hand. 6.The government hopes to sweep away hidden troubles brought by the flood. 7.Seeing their destroyed homes, people were in shock. 8.It looks as if the typhoon will strike this coastal city. 9.After the storm, the whole village was in ruins. 10.Rescue workers carried out rescue work in the open air. 11.A firstaid kit can be very helpful when an earthquake happens. 12.We have some medicine on hand for disasterstricken people. 13.Huge waves swept away the houses along the bank. 14.Many people stood there in shock, looking at the ruins. 15.It looks as if the volcanic eruption will come soon. 三、语法填空 1.struck 2.in 3.rescuing / to be rescued 4.shocked 5.in 6.effort 7.on 8.affected 9.survived 10.to revive $