内容正文:
Unit 1 Water
主
题
词
汇
1. _______________ n. 升
2. _______________ n. 工厂
3. _______________ adj. 含盐的;咸的
4. _______________ adj. 稀少的;珍贵的
5. _______________ n. 废水
6. _______________ n.(净化或防治)处理;加工
7. _______________ v. 研究;探讨;调查
8. _______________ n. 沙漠
9. _______________ v. 使(液体)连续流出;倒出
10. _______________ adj. 宝贵的;珍贵的
11. _______________ adj. 口渴的
12. _______________ adj. 有限的
13. _______________ v. 传播
14. _______________ n. 清理;清扫;整顿
15. _______________ v. 提升
16. _______________ n. 意识
短
语
一、动词短语
1. turn off (关掉;关闭) Remember to turn off the tap after you wash your hands so that we can save fresh water.(洗完手记得关掉水龙头,这样我们就可以节约淡水。)
2. pour…into…(把……倒入……) Some factories used to pour waste water into the river and pollute the clean water.(一些工厂过去常常把废水排入河中,污染洁净水源。)
3. run out (用完;耗尽) Fresh water will run out one day if we keep wasting it in our daily life.(如果我们在日常生活中一直浪费淡水,总有一天它会被耗尽。)
4. clean up (清理;打扫干净) Many students volunteered to clean up the river near their community last weekend.(上周末许多学生自愿清理社区附近的河道。)
5. depend on (依靠;取决于) All plants and animals on the earth depend on water to stay alive.(地球上所有动植物都依靠水来生存。)
6. use up (用光;耗尽) We should not use up all the clean water before we find new ways to save it.(在找到新的节水办法之前,我们不应该用光所有干净的水。)
7. play a part in(在……起作用) Everyone can play an important part in protecting our limited water resources.(每个人都可以在保护有限水资源这件事上发挥重要作用。)
二、介词短语
1. in one’s daily life(在某人的日常生活中) We can form many good habits to reduce water waste in our daily life.(在日常生活中,我们可以养成许多好习惯来减少水资源浪费。)
2. in danger(处于危险之中) Some rivers in the city are in danger because of water pollution.(因为水污染,城市里的一些河流正处于危险之中。)
3. in the form of(以……的形式) Water can appear in the form of ice when the temperature is low enough.(当温度足够低的时候,水会以冰的形式出现。)
4. on the Earth(在地球上) Only a little water on the Earth is fresh water that we can drink.(地球上只有一小部分水是我们可以饮用的淡水。)
5. without water(没有水) Human beings and other living things cannot live for very long without water.(人类以及其他生物离开水就无法存活很长时间。)
6. around the world(全世界) Lots of young people around the world take action to protect water resources.(全世界许多年轻人都行动起来保护水资源。)
7. instead of(代替;而不是) You can reuse water to water flowers instead of pouring it away.(你可以将废水二次利用浇花,而不是直接倒掉。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、谈论水的重要性
1. Do you know why clean fresh‑water is so important for all living things?(你知道为什么洁净的淡水对于所有生物如此重要吗?)
2. What will happen if there is no clean water on the Earth one day?(如果有一天地球上没有干净的水,将会发生什么?)
3. How does water help plants, animals and human beings stay alive?(水是如何帮助植物、动物和人类生存下去的?)
4. Have you ever thought about how much water you use every single day?(你有没有思考过自己每天会使用多少水?)
5. In what ways do people make use of water in their daily life?(人们在日常生活中会在哪些方面用到水?)
二、讨论水污染带来的问题
1. What do you think are the main causes of water pollution in our city?(你认为造成我们城市水污染的主要原因是什么?)
2. Which kinds of living animals will be hurt seriously if rivers become polluted?(如果河流被污染,哪些生物将会受到严重伤害?)
3. Have you noticed any changes to the rivers or lakes near your community?(你有没有留意过家附近河湖发生的变化?)
4. Why is it difficult for some places to get enough clean drinking water?(为什么有些地区很难获得充足的饮用水?)
5. What bad influence will polluted water bring to our health?(被污染的水会给我们的健康带来哪些不良影响?)
三、交流节水措施与行动
1. What simple things can we do at home to save fresh water?(在家里我们可以做哪些小事来节约淡水?)
2. Will you remind your family members to turn off the tap in time?(你会提醒家人及时关掉水龙头吗?)
3. How can we reuse waste water to cut down water waste?(我们该怎样二次利用废水,减少水资源浪费?)
4. Would you like to take part in activities to protect the local rivers?(你愿意参加保护本地河流的相关活动吗?)
5. What advice would you give to people who always waste water?(对于经常浪费水的人,你会给出什么建议?)
四、表达感悟与倡议
1. The biggest problem is that many people still do not realize water is limited.(最大的问题是许多人仍然没有意识到水资源是有限的。)
2. Every small action we take can make a difference to water protection.(我们每一个微小的行动,都能对水资源保护产生影响。)
3. It is high time for us to take action and stop wasting fresh water right now.(我们是时候行动起来,立刻停止浪费淡水资源。)
4. If everyone saves a little water, we will protect lots of water resources together.(如果每个人节约一点水,我们一起就能保护大量水资源。)
5. Clean water is a valuable treasure that we should try our best to guard forever.(洁净的水是宝贵的财富,我们应当尽全力永远守护它。)
语法
时间状语从句(Ⅰ)复合不定代词
写作
水
一、知识点精讲
1. limited adj. 有限的
【详解】
① limit v. 限制
② limit n. 限度;极限
③ be limited to… 局限于……
【写作佳句】
The fresh‑water resources on the Earth are limited.
地球上的淡水资源是有限的。
2. awareness n. 意识;认识
【详解】
① aware adj. 意识到的;知道的
② raise one’s awareness of… 提升某人……的意识
【写作佳句】
We should raise people’s awareness of protecting water.
我们应当提升人们的护水意识。
3. treatment n.(净化或防治)处理;加工
【详解】
① treat v. 处理;对待
② water treatment 水处理
③ wastewater treatment 废水处理
【写作佳句】
The wastewater treatment costs the town much money every year.
废水处理每年花费这个城镇很多钱。
4. research v. & n. 研究;探讨;调查
【详解】
① researcher n. 研究者;调查员
② do some research on… 做关于……的研究
③ research 作名词时为不可数名词,无复数形式
【写作佳句】
Scientists are doing research on new ways to save water.
科学家们正在研究节水的新方法。
5. pour v. 使(液体)连续流出;倒出
【详解】
① pour…into… 把……倒入……
【写作佳句】
Don’t pour wastewater into rivers or lakes.
不要把废水倒进河流或者湖泊。
6. spread v. 传播;扩散
【详解】
① 过去式:spread
② 过去分词:spread
【写作佳句】
The news about water pollution spread quickly in the city.
有关水污染的消息在城里迅速传开。
7. raise v. 提升;提高;举起
【详解】
① raise awareness 提高意识
② raise money 筹钱
【写作佳句】
Schools help raise students’ awareness of water‑saving.
学校帮助提高学生的节水意识。
8. thirsty adj. 口渴的
【详解】
① thirst n. 口渴
② be thirsty for sth. 渴望某物
【写作佳句】
After a long walk in the desert, we felt very thirsty.
在沙漠长途步行之后,我们感到非常口渴。
9. include v. 使成为……的一部分;包括
【详解】
① including prep. 包括
【易混辨析】
include:动词,在句中作谓语
including:介词,后面直接接名词
【写作佳句】
The plan includes three simple ways to cut down water waste.
这份方案包含三种减少水资源浪费的简单办法。
二、核心语法精讲
1. 含有时间状语从句的主从复合句(I)
(1)基本概念
主从复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
主句:能独立表达完整意思的句子。
从句:不能独立成句,修饰或解释主句,此处为时间状语从句(表示主句动作发生的时间)。
(2)常见引导词及用法
引导词
含义
用法及例句
when
当…… 时
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:I'll talk to you later when I have more time. 我晚点有时间再跟你聊。可引导从句加祈使句。如:When you see Jane, give her my best regards. 见到简时,替我问候她。
as
当…… 时;随着;一边…… 一边……
强调动作同时发生。如:As the teacher was explaining the text, the students were taking notes. 老师一边讲解课文,学生一边记笔记。As the Sun rose, the fog slowly disappeared. 随着太阳升起,雾渐渐散去。
before
在…… 之前
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:You must finish your homework before you can play video games. 你必须先完成作业才能玩电子游戏。
after
在…… 之后
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:She will call you after she arrives in New York. 她到达纽约后会给你打电话。
until
直到…… 为止
肯定句中,主句动词为延续性动词。如:I will wait until you come back. 我会等你回来。否定句中,主句动词为瞬间动词。如:She didn't leave until the meeting was over. 她直到会议结束才离开。
2. 不定代词
(1)定义
some-, any-, no-, every - 开头的词,指代不确定的人或事物,称为不定代词。
(2)分类及用法
类别
指人(-body/-one)
指物(-thing)
用法说明
some-
somebody/someone(某人)
something(某物)
多用于肯定句,表 “某个”。如:Somebody has broken the window. 有人打破了窗户。
any-
anybody/anyone(任何人)
anything(任何事物)
多用于否定句、疑问句。如:Is there anybody in the room? 房间里有人吗?
no-
nobody/no one(没有人)
nothing(没有东西)
表否定。如:There is nobody in the garden. 花园里没有人。
every-
everybody/everyone(每个人)
everything(一切事物)
表 “全体”。如:Everybody enjoys the party. 每个人都喜欢这个派对。
(3)注意事项
形容词修饰不定代词时,位于其后。如:Did you meet anybody famous? 你见到名人了吗?
后可接动词不定式补充说明。如:I want something to eat. 我想要点吃的。
作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:Everyone has a chance to win. 每个人都有机会赢。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元话题 Water(水),属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍水的重要性、谈论水污染、给出节水建议、发出节水倡议。
写作核心:熟练使用水资源相关词汇;多用一般现在时、情态动词提建议;清晰表达节水观点。
写作体裁:说明文、倡议书,词数 60词左右。
2.写作框架
开头:总起,点明水十分重要。
中间:简单点出水危机,列举1‑2条可行的节水做法。
结尾:发出呼吁,号召大家节约用水。
逻辑句式参考:
开头:Water is very important to all living things.
中间:However, fresh water is limited. We can save water by…
结尾:Let’s take action to protect our water resources.
3.写作素材
核心词汇(10个)
1. water n. 水
2. fresh‑water n. 淡水
3. save v. 节约;拯救
4. protect v. 保护
5. pollute v. 污染
6. pollution n. 污染
7. reuse v. 再利用
8. limited adj. 有限的
9. valuable adj. 宝贵的
10. waste v.& n. 浪费
核心短语(10个)
1. turn off the tap 关掉水龙头
2. in daily life 在日常生活中
3. water pollution 水污染
4. play a part in 参与;起作用
5. be in danger 处于危险之中
6. fresh‑water resources 淡水资源
7. cut down water waste 减少水资源浪费
8. take action 采取行动
9. all living things 所有生物
10. instead of 代替;而不是
高分句型(5个)
1. Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water.
没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。
2. It is necessary for us to save every drop of fresh water.
节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。
3. We can reuse waste‑water to water flowers instead of pouring it away.
我们可以废水浇花而不是直接倒掉。
4. More and more rivers are in danger because of serious water pollution.
因为严重的污染,越来越多河流正处在危险之中。
5. Small actions can make a big difference to water protection.
微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。
4. 范文背诵
Water is one of the most important resources on Earth. We should save water.
If we waste water carelessly, future generations will face serious problems. People may not have enough water to drink or grow food. We can save water in many simple ways. For example, we should turn off the tap while brushing our teeth. We can also take short showers instead of baths.
Every drop of water counts. Let’s take action now to save water for our future.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Water is one of the most __________ (value) natural resources on the Earth.
2. The local government pays much money for water __________ (treat).
3. We did some __________ (researcher) on water pollution in our neighbourhood.
4. After walking in the sun for hours, we felt very __________ (thirst).
5. Many people have realized the __________ (important) of saving fresh water.
6. Earth’s natural resources are __________ (limit), so we cannot waste them.
7. We should raise students’ __________ (aware) of water‑protection.
8. It was __________ (care) of him to leave the tap running all night.
9. The __________ (pollute) river is no longer safe for fish to live in.
10. The speaker gave a __________ (present) about how to protect our rivers.
二、单词拼写(15题)
1. The big bottle can hold one __________ (升) of clean water.
2. A large __________ (工厂) once caused serious pollution to the river.
3. The water in the sea is __________ (含盐的;咸的).
4. Clean fresh water is a __________ (宝贵的) treasure for all living things.
5. Running for thirty minutes will make you feel __________ (口渴的).
6. There is very little fresh water in the __________ (沙漠).
7. You can __________ (倒) some warm water into your cup.
8. The __________ (处理) of wastewater takes plenty of time and money.
9. Our group will do some __________ (研究) on water waste in daily life.
10. The students took part in a river __________ (清理) activity last Saturday.
11. Schools should __________ (提升) children’s awareness of saving water.
12. Only a small __________ (剩余部分) of the lake remains clean now.
13. Fresh water is __________ (稀少的) in some dry areas around the world.
14. Bad news about river pollution can __________ (传播) very fast online.
15. This report __________ (包括) several simple ways to cut down water waste.
三、完成句子
1. 没有水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。
________________________________________________________________
2. 我们应该意识到淡水资源是有限的。
________________________________________________________________
3. 请记得用完水之后关掉水龙头。
________________________________________________________________
4. 这家工厂过去常常把废水排入这条小河。
________________________________________________________________
5. 我们可以用浇过花的水来打扫房间。
________________________________________________________________
6. 每个人都可以在节水方面发挥作用。
________________________________________________________________
7. 科学家们正在研究解决水污染的新办法。
________________________________________________________________
8. 大量的河水因为工厂污染而变得不干净。
________________________________________________________________
9. 我们必须采取行动来保护我们身边的河流。
________________________________________________________________
10. 小小的行动能够给我们的环境带来巨大的改变。
________________________________________________________________
四、语法选择
The Importance of Protecting Water Resources
Water is essential to all living things, and we should raise 1 of water protection. In our daily life, clean drinking water doesn’t come easily— it goes 2 a complex water cycle first.
First, rainwater and groundwater are collected in reservoirs (蓄水池). These water sources 3 up in special areas to avoid pollution. Then, the water is sent to water 4 plants, where it is 5 managed by workers. They use professional technology to filter (过滤) impurities 6 kill harmful bacteria to make sure the water is safe for us to use. 7 treatment, the water is delivered to our homes, and we can enjoy clean drinking water every day.
It’s important to keep the water 8 use clean. We should not 9 waste water or garbage into rivers. Only in this way can we have a continuous supply of clean water. When we turn on the tap and see clear water flowing out, it’s really a 10 feeling. Let’s all take action to protect water resources together!
1.A.aware B.unaware C.awareness
2.A.into B.through C.across
3.A.are locked B.are locking C.lock
4.A.treat B.treating C.treatment
5.A.safe B.safely C.safety
6.A.but B.or C.and
7.A.After B.Before C.When
8.A.us B.we C.our
9.A.pour B.put C.throw
10.A.satisfied B.satisfy C.satisfying
World Water Day is on March 22 every year. It is 1 important global event that reminds 2 of the value of fresh water. People around the world 3 this day since 1993. The theme for 2025 is “Water for Our Future.”
Many organizations hold activities 4 this day. They encourage people 5 part in water-saving projects. In some countries, children learn about water protection when they are at school. Teachers often teach students 6 posters about saving water.
However, many people still face water problems. In dry areas, people sometimes wait 7 the rain comes. We must take action when we see water 8 . Some people waste water when they 9 their teeth. We should stop this bad habit immediately.
We 10 work together. Remember, every drop counts for our future.
1.A.a B.an C.the
2.A.we B.our C.us
3.A.celebrated B.celebrate C.have celebrated
4.A.at B.on C.in
5.A.to take B.take C.taking
6.A.design B.designing C.to design
7.A.unless B.if C.until
8.A.wasting B.wastes C.being wasted
9.A.are brushing B.brush C.brushed
10.A.have to B.would rather C.need to
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Unit 1 Water
主
题
词
汇
1. litre (AmE liter) n. 升
2. factory n. 工厂
3. salty adj. 含盐的;咸的
4. rare adj. 稀少的;珍贵的
5. wastewater n. 废水
6. treatment n.(净化或防治)处理;加工
7. research v. 研究;探讨;调查
8. desert n. 沙漠
9. pour v. 使(液体)连续流出;倒出
10. precious adj. 宝贵的;珍贵的
11. thirsty adj. 口渴的
12. limited adj. 有限的
13. spread v. 传播
14. clean‑up n. 清理;清扫;整顿
15. raise v. 提升
16. awareness n. 意识
短
语
一、动词短语
1. turn off (关掉;关闭) Remember to turn off the tap after you wash your hands so that we can save fresh water.(洗完手记得关掉水龙头,这样我们就可以节约淡水。)
2. pour…into…(把……倒入……) Some factories used to pour waste water into the river and pollute the clean water.(一些工厂过去常常把废水排入河中,污染洁净水源。)
3. run out (用完;耗尽) Fresh water will run out one day if we keep wasting it in our daily life.(如果我们在日常生活中一直浪费淡水,总有一天它会被耗尽。)
4. clean up (清理;打扫干净) Many students volunteered to clean up the river near their community last weekend.(上周末许多学生自愿清理社区附近的河道。)
5. depend on (依靠;取决于) All plants and animals on the earth depend on water to stay alive.(地球上所有动植物都依靠水来生存。)
6. use up (用光;耗尽) We should not use up all the clean water before we find new ways to save it.(在找到新的节水办法之前,我们不应该用光所有干净的水。)
7. play a part in(在……起作用) Everyone can play an important part in protecting our limited water resources.(每个人都可以在保护有限水资源这件事上发挥重要作用。)
二、介词短语
1. in one’s daily life(在某人的日常生活中) We can form many good habits to reduce water waste in our daily life.(在日常生活中,我们可以养成许多好习惯来减少水资源浪费。)
2. in danger(处于危险之中) Some rivers in the city are in danger because of water pollution.(因为水污染,城市里的一些河流正处于危险之中。)
3. in the form of(以……的形式) Water can appear in the form of ice when the temperature is low enough.(当温度足够低的时候,水会以冰的形式出现。)
4. on the Earth(在地球上) Only a little water on the Earth is fresh water that we can drink.(地球上只有一小部分水是我们可以饮用的淡水。)
5. without water(没有水) Human beings and other living things cannot live for very long without water.(人类以及其他生物离开水就无法存活很长时间。)
6. around the world(全世界) Lots of young people around the world take action to protect water resources.(全世界许多年轻人都行动起来保护水资源。)
7. instead of(代替;而不是) You can reuse water to water flowers instead of pouring it away.(你可以将废水二次利用浇花,而不是直接倒掉。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、谈论水的重要性
1. Do you know why clean fresh‑water is so important for all living things?(你知道为什么洁净的淡水对于所有生物如此重要吗?)
2. What will happen if there is no clean water on the Earth one day?(如果有一天地球上没有干净的水,将会发生什么?)
3. How does water help plants, animals and human beings stay alive?(水是如何帮助植物、动物和人类生存下去的?)
4. Have you ever thought about how much water you use every single day?(你有没有思考过自己每天会使用多少水?)
5. In what ways do people make use of water in their daily life?(人们在日常生活中会在哪些方面用到水?)
二、讨论水污染带来的问题
1. What do you think are the main causes of water pollution in our city?(你认为造成我们城市水污染的主要原因是什么?)
2. Which kinds of living animals will be hurt seriously if rivers become polluted?(如果河流被污染,哪些生物将会受到严重伤害?)
3. Have you noticed any changes to the rivers or lakes near your community?(你有没有留意过家附近河湖发生的变化?)
4. Why is it difficult for some places to get enough clean drinking water?(为什么有些地区很难获得充足的饮用水?)
5. What bad influence will polluted water bring to our health?(被污染的水会给我们的健康带来哪些不良影响?)
三、交流节水措施与行动
1. What simple things can we do at home to save fresh water?(在家里我们可以做哪些小事来节约淡水?)
2. Will you remind your family members to turn off the tap in time?(你会提醒家人及时关掉水龙头吗?)
3. How can we reuse waste water to cut down water waste?(我们该怎样二次利用废水,减少水资源浪费?)
4. Would you like to take part in activities to protect the local rivers?(你愿意参加保护本地河流的相关活动吗?)
5. What advice would you give to people who always waste water?(对于经常浪费水的人,你会给出什么建议?)
四、表达感悟与倡议
1. The biggest problem is that many people still do not realize water is limited.(最大的问题是许多人仍然没有意识到水资源是有限的。)
2. Every small action we take can make a difference to water protection.(我们每一个微小的行动,都能对水资源保护产生影响。)
3. It is high time for us to take action and stop wasting fresh water right now.(我们是时候行动起来,立刻停止浪费淡水资源。)
4. If everyone saves a little water, we will protect lots of water resources together.(如果每个人节约一点水,我们一起就能保护大量水资源。)
5. Clean water is a valuable treasure that we should try our best to guard forever.(洁净的水是宝贵的财富,我们应当尽全力永远守护它。)
语法
时间状语从句(Ⅰ)复合不定代词
写作
水
一、知识点精讲
1. limited adj. 有限的
【详解】
① limit v. 限制
② limit n. 限度;极限
③ be limited to… 局限于……
【写作佳句】
The fresh‑water resources on the Earth are limited.
地球上的淡水资源是有限的。
2. awareness n. 意识;认识
【详解】
① aware adj. 意识到的;知道的
② raise one’s awareness of… 提升某人……的意识
【写作佳句】
We should raise people’s awareness of protecting water.
我们应当提升人们的护水意识。
3. treatment n.(净化或防治)处理;加工
【详解】
① treat v. 处理;对待
② water treatment 水处理
③ wastewater treatment 废水处理
【写作佳句】
The wastewater treatment costs the town much money every year.
废水处理每年花费这个城镇很多钱。
4. research v. & n. 研究;探讨;调查
【详解】
① researcher n. 研究者;调查员
② do some research on… 做关于……的研究
③ research 作名词时为不可数名词,无复数形式
【写作佳句】
Scientists are doing research on new ways to save water.
科学家们正在研究节水的新方法。
5. pour v. 使(液体)连续流出;倒出
【详解】
① pour…into… 把……倒入……
【写作佳句】
Don’t pour wastewater into rivers or lakes.
不要把废水倒进河流或者湖泊。
6. spread v. 传播;扩散
【详解】
① 过去式:spread
② 过去分词:spread
【写作佳句】
The news about water pollution spread quickly in the city.
有关水污染的消息在城里迅速传开。
7. raise v. 提升;提高;举起
【详解】
① raise awareness 提高意识
② raise money 筹钱
【写作佳句】
Schools help raise students’ awareness of water‑saving.
学校帮助提高学生的节水意识。
8. thirsty adj. 口渴的
【详解】
① thirst n. 口渴
② be thirsty for sth. 渴望某物
【写作佳句】
After a long walk in the desert, we felt very thirsty.
在沙漠长途步行之后,我们感到非常口渴。
9. include v. 使成为……的一部分;包括
【详解】
① including prep. 包括
【易混辨析】
include:动词,在句中作谓语
including:介词,后面直接接名词
【写作佳句】
The plan includes three simple ways to cut down water waste.
这份方案包含三种减少水资源浪费的简单办法。
二、核心语法精讲
1. 含有时间状语从句的主从复合句(I)
(1)基本概念
主从复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
主句:能独立表达完整意思的句子。
从句:不能独立成句,修饰或解释主句,此处为时间状语从句(表示主句动作发生的时间)。
(2)常见引导词及用法
引导词
含义
用法及例句
when
当…… 时
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:I'll talk to you later when I have more time. 我晚点有时间再跟你聊。可引导从句加祈使句。如:When you see Jane, give her my best regards. 见到简时,替我问候她。
as
当…… 时;随着;一边…… 一边……
强调动作同时发生。如:As the teacher was explaining the text, the students were taking notes. 老师一边讲解课文,学生一边记笔记。As the Sun rose, the fog slowly disappeared. 随着太阳升起,雾渐渐散去。
before
在…… 之前
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:You must finish your homework before you can play video games. 你必须先完成作业才能玩电子游戏。
after
在…… 之后
主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:She will call you after she arrives in New York. 她到达纽约后会给你打电话。
until
直到…… 为止
肯定句中,主句动词为延续性动词。如:I will wait until you come back. 我会等你回来。否定句中,主句动词为瞬间动词。如:She didn't leave until the meeting was over. 她直到会议结束才离开。
2. 不定代词
(1)定义
some-, any-, no-, every - 开头的词,指代不确定的人或事物,称为不定代词。
(2)分类及用法
类别
指人(-body/-one)
指物(-thing)
用法说明
some-
somebody/someone(某人)
something(某物)
多用于肯定句,表 “某个”。如:Somebody has broken the window. 有人打破了窗户。
any-
anybody/anyone(任何人)
anything(任何事物)
多用于否定句、疑问句。如:Is there anybody in the room? 房间里有人吗?
no-
nobody/no one(没有人)
nothing(没有东西)
表否定。如:There is nobody in the garden. 花园里没有人。
every-
everybody/everyone(每个人)
everything(一切事物)
表 “全体”。如:Everybody enjoys the party. 每个人都喜欢这个派对。
(3)注意事项
形容词修饰不定代词时,位于其后。如:Did you meet anybody famous? 你见到名人了吗?
后可接动词不定式补充说明。如:I want something to eat. 我想要点吃的。
作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:Everyone has a chance to win. 每个人都有机会赢。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
本单元话题 Water(水),属于人与自然主题语境。常考写作任务:介绍水的重要性、谈论水污染、给出节水建议、发出节水倡议。
写作核心:熟练使用水资源相关词汇;多用一般现在时、情态动词提建议;清晰表达节水观点。
写作体裁:说明文、倡议书,词数 60词左右。
2.写作框架
开头:总起,点明水十分重要。
中间:简单点出水危机,列举1‑2条可行的节水做法。
结尾:发出呼吁,号召大家节约用水。
逻辑句式参考:
开头:Water is very important to all living things.
中间:However, fresh water is limited. We can save water by…
结尾:Let’s take action to protect our water resources.
3.写作素材
核心词汇(10个)
1. water n. 水
2. fresh‑water n. 淡水
3. save v. 节约;拯救
4. protect v. 保护
5. pollute v. 污染
6. pollution n. 污染
7. reuse v. 再利用
8. limited adj. 有限的
9. valuable adj. 宝贵的
10. waste v.& n. 浪费
核心短语(10个)
1. turn off the tap 关掉水龙头
2. in daily life 在日常生活中
3. water pollution 水污染
4. play a part in 参与;起作用
5. be in danger 处于危险之中
6. fresh‑water resources 淡水资源
7. cut down water waste 减少水资源浪费
8. take action 采取行动
9. all living things 所有生物
10. instead of 代替;而不是
高分句型(5个)
1. Nothing can live on the Earth without clean water.
没有干净的水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。
2. It is necessary for us to save every drop of fresh water.
节约每一滴淡水对我们来说十分必要。
3. We can reuse waste‑water to water flowers instead of pouring it away.
我们可以废水浇花而不是直接倒掉。
4. More and more rivers are in danger because of serious water pollution.
因为严重的污染,越来越多河流正处在危险之中。
5. Small actions can make a big difference to water protection.
微小的行动可以在护水方面产生巨大影响。
4. 范文背诵
Water is one of the most important resources on Earth. We should save water.
If we waste water carelessly, future generations will face serious problems. People may not have enough water to drink or grow food. We can save water in many simple ways. For example, we should turn off the tap while brushing our teeth. We can also take short showers instead of baths.
Every drop of water counts. Let’s take action now to save water for our future.
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1. Water is one of the most __________ (value) natural resources on the Earth.
2. The local government pays much money for water __________ (treat).
3. We did some __________ (researcher) on water pollution in our neighbourhood.
4. After walking in the sun for hours, we felt very __________ (thirst).
5. Many people have realized the __________ (important) of saving fresh water.
6. Earth’s natural resources are __________ (limit), so we cannot waste them.
7. We should raise students’ __________ (aware) of water‑protection.
8. It was __________ (care) of him to leave the tap running all night.
9. The __________ (pollute) river is no longer safe for fish to live in.
10. The speaker gave a __________ (present) about how to protect our rivers.
二、单词拼写(15题)
1. The big bottle can hold one __________ (升) of clean water.
2. A large __________ (工厂) once caused serious pollution to the river.
3. The water in the sea is __________ (含盐的;咸的).
4. Clean fresh water is a __________ (宝贵的) treasure for all living things.
5. Running for thirty minutes will make you feel __________ (口渴的).
6. There is very little fresh water in the __________ (沙漠).
7. You can __________ (倒) some warm water into your cup.
8. The __________ (处理) of wastewater takes plenty of time and money.
9. Our group will do some __________ (研究) on water waste in daily life.
10. The students took part in a river __________ (清理) activity last Saturday.
11. Schools should __________ (提升) children’s awareness of saving water.
12. Only a small __________ (剩余部分) of the lake remains clean now.
13. Fresh water is __________ (稀少的) in some dry areas around the world.
14. Bad news about river pollution can __________ (传播) very fast online.
15. This report __________ (包括) several simple ways to cut down water waste.
三、完成句子
1. 没有水,地球上就没有生物可以生存。
________________________________________________________________
2. 我们应该意识到淡水资源是有限的。
________________________________________________________________
3. 请记得用完水之后关掉水龙头。
________________________________________________________________
4. 这家工厂过去常常把废水排入这条小河。
________________________________________________________________
5. 我们可以用浇过花的水来打扫房间。
________________________________________________________________
6. 每个人都可以在节水方面发挥作用。
________________________________________________________________
7. 科学家们正在研究解决水污染的新办法。
________________________________________________________________
8. 大量的河水因为工厂污染而变得不干净。
________________________________________________________________
9. 我们必须采取行动来保护我们身边的河流。
________________________________________________________________
10. 小小的行动能够给我们的环境带来巨大的改变。
________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、1. valuable 2. treatment 3. research 4. thirsty 5. importance 6. limited 7. awareness 8. careless 9. polluted 10. presentation
二、1. litre / liter 2. factory 3. salty 4. precious 5. thirsty 6. desert 7. pour 8. treatment 9. research 10. clean‑up 11. raise 12. rest 13. rare 14. spread 15. includes
三、1. No living things can live on the Earth without water. 2. We should realize that fresh‑water resources are limited. 3. Please remember to turn off the tap after you use water. 4. The factory used to pour wastewater into this small river. 5. We can reuse the water for flowers to clean our rooms. 6. Everyone can play a part in saving water. 7. Scientists are doing research on new ways to solve water pollution. 8. Lots of river water has become dirty because of factory pollution. 9. We must take action to protect the rivers around us. 10. Small actions can make a big difference to our environment.
四、语法选择
The Importance of Protecting Water Resources
Water is essential to all living things, and we should raise 1 of water protection. In our daily life, clean drinking water doesn’t come easily— it goes 2 a complex water cycle first.
First, rainwater and groundwater are collected in reservoirs (蓄水池). These water sources 3 up in special areas to avoid pollution. Then, the water is sent to water 4 plants, where it is 5 managed by workers. They use professional technology to filter (过滤) impurities 6 kill harmful bacteria to make sure the water is safe for us to use. 7 treatment, the water is delivered to our homes, and we can enjoy clean drinking water every day.
It’s important to keep the water 8 use clean. We should not 9 waste water or garbage into rivers. Only in this way can we have a continuous supply of clean water. When we turn on the tap and see clear water flowing out, it’s really a 10 feeling. Let’s all take action to protect water resources together!
1.A.aware B.unaware C.awareness
2.A.into B.through C.across
3.A.are locked B.are locking C.lock
4.A.treat B.treating C.treatment
5.A.safe B.safely C.safety
6.A.but B.or C.and
7.A.After B.Before C.When
8.A.us B.we C.our
9.A.pour B.put C.throw
10.A.satisfied B.satisfy C.satisfying
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,阐述了保护水资源的重要性,介绍了饮用水的处理流程,并呼吁大家采取行动保护水资源。
1.句意:水对所有生物都是必不可少的,我们应该提高水资源保护意识。
aware意识到的(形容词);unaware未意识到的(形容词);awareness意识(名词)。“raise awareness of...”是固定短语,意为“提高……的意识”,此处需用名词“awareness”。故选C。
2.句意:在日常生活中,干净的饮用水来之不易——它首先要经过复杂的水循环。
into进入;through通过(强调从内部穿过);across穿过(强调从表面穿过)。“go through”是固定短语,意为 “经历;经过”,符合“水循环过程 的语境。故选B。
3.句意:这些水源被封锁在特殊区域以避免污染。
are locked被锁(一般现在时的被动语态);are locking正在锁(现在进行时);lock锁(动词原形)。主语“These water sources”与“lock”是被动关系,需用被动语态“are locked”。故选A。
4.句意:然后,水被送往水处理厂。
treat处理(动词);treating处理(动名词 / 现在分词);treatment处理(名词)。“water treatment plants”是固定短语,意为“水处理厂”,此处需用名词“treatment”。故选C。
5.句意:在那里,工人对它进行安全管理。
safe安全的(形容词);safely安全地(副词);safety安全(名词)。“safely”是副词,修饰动词“managed”,表示“安全地管理”。故选B。
6.句意:他们使用专业技术过滤杂质并杀死有害细菌,以确保水对我们来说是安全的。
but但是(表转折);or或者(表选择);and和(表并列)。“filter impurities”和“kill harmful bacteria”是并列动作,需用“and”连接。故选C。
7.句意:经过处理后,水被输送到我们家中,我们每天都可以享用干净的饮用水。
After在……之后;Before在……之前;When当……时。根据逻辑,水是“经过处理后”才输送到家中,“After”符合语境。故选A。
8.句意:保持我们使用干净的水是很重要的。
us我们(宾格);we我们(主格);our我们的(形容词性物主代词)。“we”作“use”的主语,表示“我们使用”。故选B。
9.句意:我们不应该把废水或垃圾倒入河流。
pour倒,倾倒;put放;throw扔。“pour...into...”是固定短语,意为“把……倒入……”。故选A。
10.句意:当我们打开水龙头,看到清澈的水流出时,这真是一种令人满意的感觉。
satisfied满意的(修饰人);satisfy使满意(动词);satisfying令人满意的(修饰物)。“satisfying”修饰物 “feeling”,表示“令人满意的感觉”。故选C。
World Water Day is on March 22 every year. It is 1 important global event that reminds 2 of the value of fresh water. People around the world 3 this day since 1993. The theme for 2025 is “Water for Our Future.”
Many organizations hold activities 4 this day. They encourage people 5 part in water-saving projects. In some countries, children learn about water protection when they are at school. Teachers often teach students 6 posters about saving water.
However, many people still face water problems. In dry areas, people sometimes wait 7 the rain comes. We must take action when we see water 8 . Some people waste water when they 9 their teeth. We should stop this bad habit immediately.
We 10 work together. Remember, every drop counts for our future.
1.A.a B.an C.the
2.A.we B.our C.us
3.A.celebrated B.celebrate C.have celebrated
4.A.at B.on C.in
5.A.to take B.take C.taking
6.A.design B.designing C.to design
7.A.unless B.if C.until
8.A.wasting B.wastes C.being wasted
9.A.are brushing B.brush C.brushed
10.A.have to B.would rather C.need to
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界水日,包括其时间、主题、相关活动以及人们面临的水问题,呼吁大家节约用水,共同为未来努力。
1.句意:它是一个重要的全球性活动,提醒我们淡水的价值。
a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。由“important global event”可知,此处表示泛指“一个重要的全球性活动”,且important以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故选B。
2.句意:它是一个重要的全球性活动,提醒我们淡水的价值。
we我们,主格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;us我们,宾格。remind sb of sth表示“提醒某人某事”,动词remind后接宾格作宾语。故选C。
3.句意:自1993年以来,全世界的人们都在庆祝这一天。
celebrated庆祝,过去式;celebrate庆祝,动词原形;have celebrated庆祝,现在完成时。根据“since 1993”可知,句子应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+过去分词”,主语People为复数,助动词用have。故选C。
4.句意:许多组织在这一天举行活动。
at在,用于具体时刻前;on在,用于具体某一天前;in在,用于年、月、季节等前。根据“this day”可知,此处指具体某一天,应用介词on。故选B。
5.句意:他们鼓励人们参加节水项目。
to take参加,动词不定式;take参加,动词原形;taking参加,动名词。由“encourage”可知,encourage sb to do sth表示“鼓励某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。
6.句意:老师经常教学生设计关于节约用水的海报。
design设计,动词原形;designing设计,动名词;to design设计,动词不定式。由“teach”可知,teach sb to do sth表示“教某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
7.句意:在干旱地区,人们有时要等到下雨。
unless除非;if如果;until直到。根据“people sometimes wait...the rain comes”可知,此处指等待直到下雨,应用until引导时间状语从句。故选C。
8.句意:当我们看到水被浪费时,我们必须采取行动。
wasting浪费,动名词;wastes浪费,动词第三人称单数形式;being wasted被浪费,动名词的被动形式。根据“see water...”可知,此处指看到水被浪费,应用被动形式,且see sb/sth doing sth表示“看到某人/某物正在做某事”,应用being wasted。故选C。
9.句意:有些人在刷牙时浪费水。
are brushing正在刷,现在进行时;brush刷,动词原形;brushed刷,过去式。根据“Some people waste water when they...their teeth.”可知,此处描述一般情况,应用一般现在时,主语they为复数,动词用原形。故选B。
10.句意:我们需要共同努力。
have to不得不;would rather宁愿;need to需要。根据“work together”可知,此处指需要共同努力,应用need to。故选C。
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