Unit 1 Great people 测验A卷（广州专用）2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

沪教版九年级英语上册 Unit 1 Great people测验A卷（广州专用） 沪教版九年级英语上册 Unit 1 Great people测验A卷（广州专用）【新教材】 本卷共四大题，14页，满分110分。考试用时100分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、语言知识及运用（共两节；满分 25 分） 第一节 语法选择（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 1～10 各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。 Helen Keller is one of the most inspiring figures in history. Born in 1880 in Alabama, she was a healthy baby and remained so  1  a severe illness struck her at 19 months old, leaving her both deaf and blind. For several years, she lived in darkness and silence, often feeling frustrated because she could not communicate. Her parents were desperate（绝望的）and finally found Anne Sullivan, a young teacher  2  had recently graduated from a school for the blind. Anne arrived in 1887 and began teaching Helen by spelling words into her hand. At first, Helen did not understand that these movements stood for objects. But one day, Anne poured water over one of Helen’s hands and spelled “w-a-t-e-r” into the other. Suddenly, Helen grasped the meaning. This breakthrough opened a new world for her. From that moment, Helen learned  3 . She learned to read Braille（盲文）, write with a typewriter, and even speak,  4  her speech was difficult to understand. Anne showed great patience, teaching Helen 5 letting her touch real objects. Within months, Helen had learned hundreds of words and developed a love for reading. Helen went on to attend college and became the first deaf-blind person  6  a Bachelor of Arts degree. She wrote several books and travelled widely, giving speeches and  7  funds for disabled people. Her courage inspired millions. She proved that physical limitations  8  stop anyone from achieving greatness. As she once said, “Life is either a daring adventure  9  nothing.” Today, her story continues to encourage people  10  all ages to face difficulties bravely and never give up. 1. A. when B. until C. because D. although 2. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose 3. A. quickly B. quick C. quicker D. quickest 4. A. though B. because C. so D. if 5. A. at B. with C. for D. by 6. A. earn B. earning C. to earn D. earned 7. A. raise B. raised C. to raise D. raising 8. A. can B. must C. can’t D. mustn’t 9. A. and B. or C. but D. so 10. A. from B. for C. with D. of 第二节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 11～20 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 项中，选出最佳选项。 Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor. He is most  11  for inventing dynamite, a powerful explosive that changed construction and mining. However, his life was full of contradictions.（矛盾）  12  his brother Ludwig died in 1888, a French newspaper mistakenly published Alfred’s obituary（讣告）, calling him “the merchant of death.” The article criticized him for making profits  13  explosives that could kill. Shocked, Nobel realized that this was the  14  the world would remember him unless he changed his legacy（遗产）. Determined to improve his reputation, Nobel wrote his will in 1895. He decided that most of his fortune should be used to  15  a series of prizes. These prizes would be awarded annually to those who made outstanding contributions in physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. He specified that the prizes should be awarded  16  of nationality, race, or gender, believing that science and culture could unite people. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, five years after his death. Since then, they have become the most prestigious（有声望的）international awards. Many great minds, from Curie to Einstein, have been  17  with this prize. Nobel’s decision transformed his public image from a symbol of destruction（毁灭）to one of achievement. His story reminds us that it is  18  too late to change how we are seen. One person’s  19  act can shape the future. We should all  20  his courage and rethink our own legacies. 11. A. curious B. famous C. worried D. particular 12. A. When B. Though C. Unless D. If 13. A. for B. with C. from D. about 14. A. sign B. way C. reason D. result 15. A. write B. discover C. establish D. read 16. A. regardless B. because C. instead D. ahead 17. A. replaced B. forgotten C. compared D. honored 18. A. ever B. never C. already D. yet 19. A. wrong B. right C. public D. selfless 20. A. afford B. prove C. imagine D. admire 二、阅读（共两节；满分 35 分） 第一节 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 21～35 各题所给的 A、B、C、D 项中，选出最佳选项。 (A) Yuan Longping, known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”, devoted his life to solving hunger in China and beyond. Born in 1930 in Beijing, he witnessed severe food shortages during his childhood. This painful experience planted a deep desire in his heart. He wanted to ensure that no one would ever go to bed hungry again. After graduating from agricultural college, Yuan began his research on rice. At that time, many scientists believed that hybrid rice was impossible because rice was a self-pollinating plant. However, Yuan refused to accept this limitation. He spent over a decade searching for a naturally occurring male-sterile（雄性不育的）rice plant in the fields. In 1970, he finally found one in Hainan. This discovery marked a turning point. Through cross-breeding, he successfully developed the first high-yield hybrid rice varieties, which produced 20% more grain per unit area than traditional ones. Yuan’s breakthrough did not remain in the laboratory. He travelled to countless villages, teaching farmers new planting techniques. His hybrid rice was soon planted across China, massively increasing the country’s total rice output. This achievement not only fed nearly one-fifth of the world’s population but also provided solutions to developing nations in Africa and Southeast Asia. For his contributions, Yuan received the World Food Prize in 2004 and the Medal of the Republic in 2019. He once said, “I have two dreams. One is to enjoy the shade beneath rice plants taller than men, and the other is to see hybrid rice planted all over the world.” Yuan Longping passed away in 2021, but his legacy lives on in a world with less hunger. 21. What inspired Yuan Longping to work on hybrid rice? A. His teacher’s encouragement at college. B. The lack of food he saw as a young boy. C. A book about agricultural technology. D. His wish to win the World Food Prize. 22. What was the major challenge Yuan Longping faced at the beginning of his research? A. Other scientists thought hybrid rice was not achievable. B. He could not afford farming equipment. C. He had no support from the government. D. The rice plants kept dying in the fields. 23. What does the underlined phrase “a turning point” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. The year Yuan Longping was born. B. The time when Yuan Longping graduated. C. The moment Yuan Longping discovered the key rice plant. D. The day Yuan Longping received the Medal of the Republic. 24. According to the passage, what is Yuan Longping’s lasting contribution to the world? A. He created a new type of seawater. B. He reduced global hunger significantly. C. He built rice fields in African countries. D. He wrote many books about farming. (B) Florence Nightingale is widely regarded as the founder of modern nursing. Born into a wealthy British family in 1820, she had every opportunity to live a comfortable, privileged（有特权的） life. However, she felt a calling to care for the sick, which was considered an unsuitable profession for a lady of her status at the time. Despite strong opposition（反对） from her family, she chose to pursue nursing training in Germany. In 1854, when the Crimean War broke out, Nightingale received a letter from the British government asking her to lead a team of nurses to treat wounded soldiers in Turkey. Upon arrival, she was shocked by the terrible conditions. The hospital was filthy, overcrowded, and short of basic supplies. Soldiers were dying not only from their wounds but also from infectious diseases. Nightingale immediately took action. She cleaned the wards, improved ventilation（通风）, and ensured that every patient received nutritious food and clean water. She also established a system for keeping medical records, which allowed her to analyse the main causes of death and take preventive measures. Her nightly rounds（查房）, in which she walked through the dark wards carrying a lamp to check on the soldiers, earned her the nickname “The Lady with the Lamp.” The soldiers adored her and saw her as a symbol of hope. After the war, Nightingale returned to England and continued her reform work. She used her statistical skills to demonstrate（证明）that poor sanitation was the primary cause of high death rates in hospitals. Her efforts drove widespread improvements in hospital hygiene and the professional training of nurses. In 1860, she founded the first official nursing school in London. Her influence spread across the globe, transforming nursing from a low-paid domestic service（家政服务）into a respected medical profession. 25. What can we infer about Florence Nightingale’s family’s attitude towards her career choice? A. They fully supported her decision. B. They were indifferent about her future. C. They disagreed with her becoming a nurse. D. They encouraged her to work in Germany. 26. Why did many soldiers die in the hospital during the Crimean War? A. The hospital lacked enough doctors. B. There were not enough lamps at night. C. The soldiers’ wounds were too serious. D. The hospital environment was very poor. 27. What does the underlined word “sanitation” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A. Medical equipment. B. Food quality. C. Cleanliness and waste management. D. Patient records. 28. How did Nightingale change the status of nursing? A. She made nursing a high-income job. B. She turned it into a respected career through education. C. She allowed only wealthy women to become nurses. D. She reduced the number of nurses in hospitals. (C) Mother Teresa, born in 1910 in Skopje, was an Albanian-Indian Catholic nun who dedicated her life to serving the poorest of the poor. At the age of 18, she left her home to join a convent in Ireland and later travelled to India, where she spent most of her life. She was deeply moved by the suffering she saw on the streets of Kolkata, where people were dying from hunger and disease, abandoned by society. In 1948, she received permission from the Vatican to start her own order, the Missionaries of Charity. Her mission, to care for those whom nobody else would care for, was simple but incredibly challenging. She set up open-air clinics and a home for the dying, where she and her fellow nuns washed the dying’s wounds, fed the starving, and comforted them with kindness and dignity（尊严）. She believed that every human being, no matter how poor or sick, deserved to be loved and respected. Her work soon attracted international attention. She never sought fame or wealth, but her selfless deeds（行为）touched millions. In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, not for political achievements, but for her compassionate（富有同情心的）service to humanity. She accepted the prize on behalf of the poor and donated all the prize money to her charity. However, Mother Teresa also faced criticism. Some accused her of focusing only on palliative care（姑息治疗）rather than curing diseases. Others argued that her religious views overshadowed her medical work. Despite these controversies（争议）, she remained undeterred. Her life is a testament to the power of compassion and the belief that even the smallest act of kindness can make a huge difference. After her death in 1997, she was canonised（被册封为圣徒的）as Saint Teresa by the Catholic Church, solidifying her place as one of the most influential figures of the 20th century. 29. What was Mother Teresa’s main purpose in starting the Missionaries of Charity? A. To build churches in India. B. To look after the most neglected people. C. To teach English to poor children. D. To win the Nobel Peace Prize. 30. Why did Mother Teresa donate the Nobel Prize money? A. She wanted to support her family. B. She preferred to remain poor. C. She used it to continue her charitable work. D. She gave it to the government of India. 31. What does the author mean by “she remained undeterred” in the last paragraph? A. She stopped her work. B. She became angry with critics. C. She continued her mission despite criticism. D. She changed her religious beliefs. 32. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Nobel Peace Prize Winners B. The History of Kolkata, India C. How to Start a Charity Organisation D. Mother Teresa: A Life of Compassion (D) We often think of great people as historical giants like scientists or national heroes. However, greatness does not always require a global stage. Every day, ordinary individuals perform extraordinary acts of courage and kindness that change the lives of those around them. These unsung heroes work quietly in our communities, rarely drawing public attention. Take, for example, the efforts of community volunteers during natural disasters. When a flood or an earthquake strikes, it is not just official rescue teams that save lives. Local residents often rush to help their neighbours, carrying elderly people to safety, sharing food and water, and offering shelter to those who have lost their homes. Their quick actions, rooted in a sense of shared humanity, often make all the difference between life and death. Another form of everyday greatness is seen in teachers who go beyond their duties. Teachers in remote mountain villages might walk for hours to reach school every day because they believe education can break the cycle of poverty for their students. They do not appear on television, but they shape the future by inspiring young minds. Similarly, medical workers in understaffed hospitals often work double shifts to ensure every patient receives care, driven not by fame but by a deep sense of duty. What makes these people great is not their power or wealth, but their unwavering commitment to helping others. They remind us that greatness is not about being famous, but about being useful. Their stories may never be written in history books, but in the hearts of those they have helped, they are heroes. Recognising this kind of greatness encourages all of us to act with kindness in our daily lives, because anyone can make a difference. 33. What does the author think about everyday greatness? A. It is less important than the deeds of famous figures. B. It requires special training and qualifications. C. It can only be found in remote mountain villages. D. It is often performed by ordinary people without recognition. 34. Why does the author mention teachers and medical workers in Paragraph 3? A. To compare their salaries with other jobs. B. To give examples of people who are well-known. C. To prove that only teachers and doctors are great. D. To show that greatness exists in many common professions. 35. What is the main message of the passage? A. Fame is the true measure of greatness. B. Greatness can be found in everyday acts of kindness. C. Only natural disasters can reveal a person’s character. D. Volunteers are more important than professionals. 第二节 阅读填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读短文及文后选项，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 Throughout history, great people have shared certain qualities that set them apart from others. While their achievements differ greatly, the inner strengths that drive them are remarkably similar.  36  This inner force keeps them moving forward even when the road seems impossible. Another common quality is a strong sense of purpose. Great individuals are not easily distracted by short-term pleasure or temporary difficulties.  37  This clarity（清晰）of vision allows them to make sacrifices（牺牲）that ordinary people might find unbearable. 38  They do not blindly follow traditions or accept “that’s just the way it is.” Instead, they ask “why not?” and explore new possibilities. This ability to see beyond what exists is what leads to breakthroughs and progress. Perhaps most importantly, great people possess deep empathy for others.  39  This connection to humanity fuels their desire to serve, heal, or inspire. They are not motivated by personal glory, but by a genuine wish to make the world better for everyone. Finally, greatness is not about perfection. Many great figures experienced repeated failures before their successes. What matters is that they never gave up. They learned from mistakes and grew stronger.  40  As long as we keep striving, we all have the potential（潜力）to achieve something great. 选项： A. They remain focused on their long-term goals despite obstacles（障碍）. B. They understand the struggles and suffering of other people. C. A strong will is one of the most important traits they share. D. Creative thinking is another key characteristic of great minds. E. Their determination inspires us to follow our own dreams. 三、项目情境（读写综合）（共两节；满分 20 分） 第一节 项目情境（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读以下关于学校“名人精神”主题展览的展区介绍，请根据同学们的兴趣匹配对应的展区活动，并将活动内容所对应的 A、B、C、D、E、F 选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. This section is about a leader who used non-violent protests（抗议）to fight for racial equality. His famous speech inspired millions. B. Here you can learn about a scientist who developed many useful inventions, including the electric light bulb. He never stopped experimenting. C. This area introduces a young activist who survived an assassination attempt（暗杀企图）and continues to advocate（倡导）for girls’ education worldwide. D. Visitors can learn about a naturalist who lived among wild chimpanzees and transformed our understanding of animal behavior and conservation. E. This exhibit features an astronaut who was the first person to walk on the moon. His words marked a giant leap for mankind. F. This zone tells the story of a revolutionary（革命者）who ended a long dynasty and established a republic in his country. He is remembered as a national hero. 41. Li Wei is interested in space exploration and wants to know about the people who first set foot on other worlds. 42. Zhao Min cares about wild animals and natural protection. She wants to learn how researchers study animals in their natural environments. 43. Sun Yang is concerned about education inequality. He admires brave individuals who fight for the right to learn, especially for girls. 44. Wu Qiang enjoys history and is curious about leaders who changed their countries through political movements. 45. Huang Mei likes science and technology. She wants to learn about inventors whose creations transformed daily life. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 第二节 读写综合（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读短文，掌握大意，并回答以下问题。 Alan Turing was a brilliant British mathematician whose work laid the foundations（基础）for modern computer science. Born in 1912, he showed exceptional（非凡的）talent in mathematics from an early age. During the Second World War, Turing played a crucial role in breaking the German Enigma code. He designed a machine capable of decoding encrypted（加密的） messages, an innovation that helped the Allies（盟军）win the war and saved countless lives. After the war, Turing continued his research and developed the concept of a universal machine, now called the Turing machine. This theoretical model became the basis for all digital computers. He also proposed a test, known as the Turing Test, to determine whether a machine could think like a human. His ideas were far ahead of his time and are still widely discussed in the field of artificial intelligence. However, Turing faced great prejudice（偏见）because of his personal life. In 1952, he was convicted of homosexuality, which was then illegal in Britain. He was forced to undergo（经历） chemical treatment to suppress（抑制）his identity. Two years later, he died tragically（悲惨地）at the age of 41. For decades, his contributions were overlooked because of discrimination（歧视）. In 2009, the British government issued an official apology. In 2013, Queen Elizabeth II granted him a posthumous pardon（死后赦免）. Turing’s story shows that true greatness does not always bring recognition during one’s lifetime. His work changed the world, but he suffered injustice. Today, he is celebrated as a hero of science and a symbol of the fight against prejudice. His legacy reminds us that society must value every individual, regardless of their differences. 46. What was Alan Turing’s major contribution to the Allies in World War II? 47. What is the Turing Test? 48. What happened to Turing in 1952? 49. When did the British government officially apologize to Turing? 50. According to the author, what lesson can we learn from Turing’s life? 四、写作（共三节；满分 30 分） 第一节 语篇填词（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。（每空只写一词） Pablo Picasso was one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. Born in Spain in 1881, he showed o (51) artistic talent from a very young age. His father, an art teacher, quickly recognised that his son had surpassed（超越）him. By the time he was a teenager, Picasso had already mastered classical painting techniques. However, he refused to follow traditional styles. He held a strong b (52) that art should express modern life in a new way. Together with his friend Georges Braque, Picasso created a revolutionary art movement called Cubism（立体主义）. Instead of painting objects from a single angle, they broke them into geometric（几何的）shapes and showed multiple viewpoints at once. This style shocked the art world. Many critics（评论家）considered his works strange and ugly. Yet Picasso did not care about their j (53). He continued to experiment throughout his long career. Over his lifetime, Picasso produced thousands of paintings, sculptures, and ceramics（陶瓷）. His work had an i (54) on modern art. Even today, artists around the world still learn from his techniques. Though he became famous and wealthy, he never forgot his humble（卑微的）beginnings. He once said, “Every child is an artist, but the challenge is to remain one after growing up.” Picasso’s contribution to culture is truly s (55). He proved that creativity has no limits and that great people are those who dare to see the world differently. 第二节 语法填空（共 5 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people assume that greatness comes from natural talent or good fortune. However, a closer examination of history’s most celebrated figures reveals a different truth. What truly sets them apart is not innate talent but their response to failure. They treat every setback as a lesson rather than a defeat. This mindset（心态）allows them to recover quickly and keep (56) (move) forward with renewed energy. Consider the case of a famous inventor who failed thousands of times before succeeding. When asked about his repeated failures, he replied that he had not failed at all. Instead, he had (57) (successful) found thousands of ways that did not work. Such an attitude requires extraordinary mental strength. Without this kind of resilience（韧性）, many breakthroughs would never have been achieved. History shows that the most respected individuals are those who (58) (drive) by an inner passion rather than external rewards. Their motivation comes from a deep sense of purpose, which stays strong even when recognition is absent. Moreover, great people are never satisfied with their current level of knowledge. They are constantly seeking new challenges and viewing problems as opportunities. They stop growing the moment they stop learning. Therefore, they tend to be much (59) (curious) than ordinary people and are always asking “what if” questions. This habit of lifelong learning is perhaps (60) (they) most valuable asset, because it guarantees（保证）continuous improvement regardless of age or circumstances. 第三节 书面表达（共 1 题，满分 20 分） 假定你是李华，你校英文报正在举办“What Makes a Person Great?”主题征文活动。请你根据以下提示写一篇短文投稿： 1. 你认为成就伟大的最关键品质是什么。 2. 结合一位你了解的人物或生活中的事例说明该品质的重要性。 3. 你打算如何培养这种品质。 要求： 1. 短文词数在80词左右。 2. 行文条理清晰，语句通顺连贯，语法规范无误。 3. 书写工整，卷面整洁，文中不得出现真实的人名、班级及学校名称。 What Makes a Person Great? 参考答案 一、语言知识及运用 第一节 语法选择 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D 1. 解析：句意为 “她一直是个健康的宝宝，直到 19 个月时一场重病袭来”。until 表示 “直到……”，符合语境；when（当……时）、because（因为）、although（尽管）均不符合逻辑。 2. 解析：先行词是 a young teacher（人），且关系词在从句中作主语，因此用 who。which 指代物；whom 在从句中作宾语；whose 作定语，均不符合。 3. 解析：空格处修饰动词 learned，需用副词形式。quickly 是副词，意为 “快速地”；quick 是形容词，quicker、quickest 是形容词比较级和最高级，均不能修饰动词。 4. 解析：句意为 “她甚至学会了说话，尽管她的发音很难让人听懂”。though 引导让步状语从句，符合逻辑；because（因为）、so（所以）、if（如果）均不符合语境。 5. 解析：by doing sth. 是固定结构，表示 “通过做某事的方式”，此处指 “通过让海伦触摸真实物体来教她”。at（在）、with（用工具）、for（为了）均不符合用法。 6. 解析：“the first + 名词 + to do sth.” 是固定结构，不定式作后置定语，意为 “第一个做某事的人”，因此用 to earn。 7. 解析：and 连接并列的伴随状语，形式需与前面的 giving 一致，因此用现在分词 raising。 8. 解析：句意为 “她证明了身体上的局限不能阻止任何人实现伟大成就”。can’t 表示 “不能”，符合句意；can（能够）、must（必须）、mustn’t（禁止）均不符合。 9. 解析：either...or... 是固定并列结构，意为 “要么…… 要么……”，符合句中 “人生要么是一场大胆的冒险，要么什么都不是” 的语义。 10. 解析：people of all ages 是固定表达，意为 “所有年龄段的人”。 第二节 完形填空 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. D 11. 解析：be famous for 意为 “因……而闻名”，句意为 “他因发明炸药而最为人熟知”。curious（好奇的）、worried（担忧的）、particular（特别的）均不符合语境。 12. 解析：句意为 “当他的兄弟 1888 年去世时，一家法国报纸误发了他的讣告”。when 引导时间状语从句，符合逻辑；though（尽管）、unless（除非）、if（如果）均不符合。 13. 解析：make profits from sth. 意为 “从某物中获利”，是固定搭配。 14. 解析：句意为 “诺贝尔意识到，如果不改变自己的遗产，这将是世人记住他的方式”。way 表示 “方式、方法”，符合语境；sign（标志）、reason（原因）、result（结果）均不符合。 15. 解析：句意为 “他决定用自己的大部分财产设立一系列奖项”。establish 意为 “设立、建立”，符合 “设立诺贝尔奖” 的语境；write（写）、discover（发现）、read（阅读）均不符合。 16. 解析：regardless of 意为 “不管、不顾”，句意为 “奖项的颁发不分国籍、种族和性别”。because of（因为）、instead of（代替）、ahead of（在……之前）均不符合。 17. 解析：be honored with 意为 “被授予、荣获”，句意为 “从居里夫人到爱因斯坦，许多伟人都获此殊荣”。replaced（代替）、forgotten（忘记）、compared（比较）均不符合。 18. 解析：It is never too late to do sth. 是固定句型，意为 “做某事永远不嫌晚”。 19. 解析：句意为 “一个人的无私之举可以塑造未来”。selfless 意为 “无私的”，契合诺贝尔捐出财产设立奖项的行为；wrong（错误的）、right（正确的）、public（公众的）均不符合语境。 20. 解析：句意为 “我们都应该钦佩他的勇气，重新思考自己的人生价值”。admire 意为 “钦佩、欣赏”；afford（负担得起）、prove（证明）、imagine（想象）均不符合。 二、阅读 第一节 阅读理解 21. B  22. A  23. C  24. B  21. 解析：定位第一段 “he witnessed severe food shortages during his childhood. This painful experience planted a deep desire in his heart”，可知童年目睹的粮食短缺激励他研究杂交水稻。 22. 解析：定位第二段 “At that time, many scientists believed that hybrid rice was impossible”，可知研究初期的主要挑战是其他科学家认为杂交水稻不可能实现。 23. 解析：定位第二段 “In 1970, he finally found one in Hainan. This discovery marked a turning point”，可知转折点指的是 “找到关键的雄性不育水稻植株”。 24. 解析：根据第三段 “fed nearly one-fifth of the world’s population”“provided solutions to developing nations”，可知他最深远的贡献是大幅缓解了全球饥饿问题。 25. C  26. D  27. C  28. B  25. 解析：定位第一段 “Despite strong opposition from her family”，可知她的家人反对她成为护士。 26. 解析：定位第二段 “The hospital was filthy, overcrowded, and short of basic supplies. Soldiers were dying not only from their wounds but also from infectious diseases”，可知恶劣的医院环境是士兵死亡的重要原因。 27. 解析：结合前文她清洁病房、改善卫生条件的行为，以及 sanitation 的词根语义，可知该词意为 “卫生、清洁与污物管理”。 28. 解析：定位最后一段 “she founded the first official nursing school... transforming nursing from a low-paid domestic service into a respected medical profession”，可知她通过建立专业教育体系，让护理成为受尊敬的职业。 29. B  30. C  31. C  32. D  29. 解析：定位第二段 “Her mission, to care for those whom nobody else would care for”，可知她创办仁爱传教会的目的是照顾最被社会忽视的群体。 30. 解析：定位第三段 “She accepted the prize on behalf of the poor and donated all the prize money to her charity”，可知她将奖金全部用于慈善事业。 31. 解析：undeterred 意为 “未被吓退的”，结合前文 “尽管面临批评” 的语境，可知含义是 “不顾批评，继续自己的使命”。 32. 解析：全文围绕特蕾莎修女的慈善一生展开，核心是她的 compassion（同情与悲悯），因此 D 项最适合作为标题。 33. D  34. D  35. B 33. 解析：定位第一段 “ordinary individuals perform extraordinary acts... These unsung heroes work quietly in our communities, rarely drawing public attention”，可知作者认为日常的伟大往往由普通人践行，且不被公众熟知。 34. 解析：第三段列举教师和医护人员的例子，是为了证明 “伟大存在于许多普通职业中”，呼应全文 “平凡人也能成就伟大” 的主旨。 35. 解析：全文核心观点是：伟大不一定来自名人，日常的善意与坚守同样是伟大，B 项最贴合主旨。 第二节 阅读填空 36. C  37. A  38. D  39. B  40. E 36. 解析：后文 “This inner force keeps them moving forward” 中的 inner force 对应 C 项的 A strong will（坚强的意志），总起第一个共同特质。 37. 解析：前文 “not easily distracted by short-term pleasure” 与 A 项 “remain focused on their long-term goals” 形成对应，说明目标感强的特质。 38. 解析：后文 “explore new possibilities”“see beyond what exists” 对应 D 项的 Creative thinking（创新思维），引出第三个特质。 39. 解析：前文 “deep empathy for others” 与 B 项 “understand the struggles and suffering of other people” 语义一致，解释共情的内涵。 40. 解析：前文 “they never gave up” 与 E 项 “Their determination inspires us” 承接，同时引出后文 “我们也有潜力实现伟大” 的结语。 三、项目情境（读写综合） 第一节 项目情境 41. E 42. D 43. C 44. F 45. B 41. 解析：李伟对太空探索感兴趣，E 项介绍首位登月宇航员，与 “太空、踏上其他星球” 的需求匹配。 42. 解析：赵敏关注野生动物保护，D 项介绍研究野生黑猩猩的自然学家，与 “动物研究、自然保护” 匹配。 43. 解析：孙杨关注教育平等，C 项介绍为女童教育发声的年轻活动家，与 “教育权利、女童” 匹配。 44. 解析：吴强喜欢历史政治领袖，F 项介绍结束王朝、建立共和国的革命者，与 “政治运动、国家领袖” 匹配。 45. 解析：黄梅喜欢科技发明，B 项介绍发明电灯的科学家，与 “发明、改变生活的科技” 匹配。 第二节 读写综合 46. He broke the German Enigma code by designing a decoding machine. 47. It is a test to determine whether a machine can think like a human. 48. He was convicted of homosexuality and forced to undergo chemical treatment. 49. In 2009. 50. We learn that greatness may not be recognized during one’s lifetime and society must treat everyone fairly regardless of differences. 四、写作 第一节 语篇填词 51. outstanding 52. belief 53. judgment / judgement 54. impact / influence 55. significant 51. 解析：outstanding：形容词，意为 “杰出的”，修饰 artistic talent，指 “展现出杰出的艺术天赋”。 52. 解析：belief：名词，hold a strong belief that... 是固定结构，意为 “坚信……”。 53. 解析：judgment / judgement：名词，意为 “评价、评判”，指 “毕加索不在意评论家的评价”。两种拼写均可。 54. 解析：impact / influence：名词，have an impact / influence on 是固定搭配，意为 “对……产生影响”。 55. 解析：significant：形容词，意为 “意义重大的、影响深远的”，修饰 contribution，指 “毕加索的文化贡献意义非凡”。 第二节 语法填空 56. moving 57. successfully 58. are driven 59. more curious 60. their 56. 解析：keep doing sth.，意为 “持续做某事”，因此用动名词形式。 57. 解析：修饰动词 found，需用副词形式。 58. 解析：先行词 those（指代人）与 drive 是被动关系，意为 “被内在热情驱使”，且全文为一般现在时，因此用 are driven。 59. 解析：空格后有 than，需用比较级形式。 60. 解析：修饰名词 asset，需用形容词性物主代词，指代 “这些伟人的”。 第三节 书面表达 What Makes a Person Great? In my opinion, the most critical quality that makes a person great is perseverance. It is the quality of persisting through difficulties and setbacks. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before successfully inventing the light bulb. If he had given up after his first few attempts, the world would have remained in darkness far longer. His perseverance not only led to a great invention but also inspired generations. To cultivate this quality, I will set clear goals for my studies and life. When facing challenges, I will remind myself to stay focused and learn from my mistakes instead of being discouraged. I believe that with perseverance, I can overcome any obstacle. 1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $