UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS 突破疑难（PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版）

该高中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了高频词汇、核心语法及写作应用，通过词性、释义、短语、例句及用法归纳串联humour、grateful等词汇，结合过去完成时、虚拟语气等语法点，融入读后续写、申请信等场景，构建完整的语言知识网络。 其亮点在于采用“真题实例-易混辨析-分层练习”模式，如词汇辨析表格对比lack、shortage等用法，语法题结合2024新课标真题，培养学生语言运用和逻辑思维能力。分层设计满足不同水平学生需求，助力教师精准把握学情，提升复习效率。

1 　humour n.幽默感;心情 has the same sense of humour as me和我有同样的幽默感         　　Our English teacher has a sense of humour.我们的英语老师很有幽默感。 写作　人物 介绍 　　After they won the competition, they were in a good humour.他们赢得比赛后心情很好。 用法归纳 ①a sense 　　　　    humour幽默感 高频词汇精讲 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②in a(n) 　　　　    /ill humour=in a good/bad mood心情好/坏   　　humour是英式英语写法,humor是美式英语写法。   ①humorous adj.幽默的,诙谐的 humorous stories诙谐的故事 ②humourless adj.缺乏幽默感的,一本正经的   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2024新课标Ⅰ)Johnson is famous for his 　　　　    (humour)writing. ②The mother was 　　　　    a good humour for her son returned from the hospital with his health greatly improved.   答案 1.用法归纳:①of　②good 即时巩固:①humorous　②in 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2 grateful adj.感激的,感谢的 I’m extremely grateful to him.我特别感谢他。    　　I’m grateful that you have rescued me from the difficult situation.我很感激你把我从困境 中解救了出来。 　　He started to feel grateful to that man for offering him something so sweet.他开始感激那个 人给了他这么甜的东西。 读后续写　心理描写 I would be grateful if you could give me the chance.如果你能给我这个机会,我将不胜感激。  写作　申请信 ①be/feel grateful 　　　　    sb. 　　　　    sth.因某事而感激某人 ②be grateful that感谢…… ③　　　　　　　　　　　　     if you could/would do...如果你能做……我将感激不尽。 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①gratitude n.感激之情;感谢 express one's gratitude to sb. for sth.因某事向某人表示感谢 ②gratefully adv.感激地   ①(2021全国乙)She was grateful 　　　　    everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. ②如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。 I 　　　　　　　　    if you could take my application into consideration. ③我想因你的帮助向你表示感谢。 I want to 　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　    for your help. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①to;for　③I would be grateful 即时巩固:①for　②would be grateful　③express my gratiude to you 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3 for the first time初次,第一次 But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class, I really became interested in a subject for the first time.但当我15岁走进詹金斯先生的课堂时,我第一次对一门学科真正感兴趣。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool.我平生第一次真的觉得很酷。  For the first time in weeks I felt something like happiness in my heart.几周来,我内心第一次感 觉到快乐。 读后续写　心理描写 for the first time表示“初次,第一次”,是介词短语,一般在句中作　　　　　    。   the first time意为“第一次”,是名词短语,用法如下: ①可引导时间状语从句。 •I fell in love with the library the first time I saw it.第一次看到这个图书馆时,我就喜欢上了它。 ②可用于This/That/It is/was the first time that...句型中,that从句多用完成时态。主句为一般现 在时,that从句用现在完成时;主句为一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时。 ③还可接that或when引导的定语从句,that、when可省略。 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①(2024新课标Ⅰ改编)By the ancient Silk Road silk as well as many plant species came to Britain 　　　　    the first time. ②This is the first time that they 　　　　    (come) to England. ③(2023全国甲)我们第一次在那儿住的时候听到一辆摩托车一路下山向我们而来的声音。 　　　　     　　　　 　　　     　　　　   　　　　 　　　    ,we heard the chug- chug-chug of a motorbike making its way down the hill toward us. 答案 用法归纳:状语 即时巩固:①for　②have come　③The first time we stayed there 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4 practical adj.有用的;切实可行的;实际的;实践的 He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.他过去常常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释看似困难的事情。   ①practice n.实践,实际行动;通常的做法;习惯,习俗;训练 in practice实际上;事实上 put...into practice将……付诸实践 be/get out of practice生疏;荒疏;疏于练习 •The following weekend, we put our plan into practice.接下来的周末,我们把我们的计划付诸 实践。 ②practise(=practice) v.练习;实习;训练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 practise/practice doing sth.练习做某事 •Today we practice reading the article.今天我们练习读文章。 ③practically adv.实际地;实事求是地;几乎   ①(2023新课标Ⅰ)Each chapter concludes with a collection of 　　　　    (practice), which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. ②(2024新课标Ⅱ)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a 　　    (practice) roadmap. 答案 即时巩固:①practices　②practical 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5 　pour v.灌,注,倒;下大雨;不断涌向;涌流 I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket...我记得他让我把一些燃料倒入火箭 中…… 　　The students poured into the hall for the meeting.学生们涌进大厅开会。 The rain poured down continuously, with waist-high flood soon on the road.雨不停地倾下,齐腰 高的洪水很快涌上道路。 读后续写　环境描写 He poured out his feelings to his teacher.他向老师倾诉了自己的感受。      第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①pour sth. into sth.把……倒入/投入…… ②pour sb. sth.给某人倒某物 ③pour into...涌进…… ④pour 　　　　    (雨)倾盆而下 ⑤pour out sth. to sb.畅所欲言;(尤指因非常不开心而)向某人倾诉……   用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     ①(2022全国甲)He poured water from a bottle 　　　　    his hand and offered it to my dogs. ②(2021全国乙)People have been pouring 　　　　    stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③我一坐下,就把天使树的故事详细地讲给他们听。 As soon as I sat down, I 　　　  the story of Angel Tree to them in detail. 答案 用法归纳:④down 即时巩固:①into　②into　③poured out 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6 　fuel n.燃料;刺激性言行 v.给(交通工具)加油;给……提供燃料;增加;加强;刺激 I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket...我记得他让我把一些燃料倒入火箭中……    　　Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. 生产没人吃的食物会浪费用来种植它的水、燃料和其他资源。 (2022新高考Ⅰ) His words simply added fuel to the fire/flames of his friend's anger.他的话只是给他朋友的愤 怒火上浇油。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 It's amazing that some planes can be fuelled up in mid-air.有些飞机能在半空中加油,这真令人 吃惊。 The crowd was growing wild with excitement, fuelling our confidence.人群兴奋得越来越疯狂, 这加强我们的信心。 读后续写　心理描写   ①add fuel　　　　     the fire/flames火上浇油 用法归纳 ②fuel shortage/supply燃料短缺/供应  ③fuel 　　　　    给……加油 ④fuel one's confidence加强某人的信心 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①Lastly, the proliferation(激增) of new energy vehicles underscores China's dedication to envi- ronmental sustainability, reducing reliance on fossil 　　　　    (fuel). ②老板很生气,他的发言只是给她的愤怒火上浇油。 The boss was very angry and his remarks simply 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 .   答案 用法归纳:①to　③up 即时巩固:①fuel(s)　②added fuel to the fire/flames of her anger 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 7 　lack vt.缺乏 n.缺乏,短缺 The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.问题是我对自己缺乏信心。  　　He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence.他不再是那个缺乏自信的男孩了。  写作　人物介绍 Jim's parents made sure that he lacked for nothing.吉姆的父母确保他应有尽有。 There was no lack of willing helpers.不缺少自愿帮忙的人。 Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treat- ment.后来,他在非洲工作,那里许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。  ①lack sth.缺乏某物 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②lack (for) nothing应有尽有  ③a/　　　　     lack of...缺乏/不缺乏…… ④　　　　    /through lack of...因缺乏……   lacking adj.缺乏的 be lacking in...缺乏(某种品质或技能)   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 lack 缺乏,不足。普通用词,指完全没有或不够充 足,多用于指缺少信心、毅力或客观条件 shortage 缺少,短缺。指供小于求,即达不到需要或规 定的数量 absence 缺乏;缺席。指某物根本不存在或完全短缺, 也指某人未到现场 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2023北京)The lack 　　    agreement among ALifers doesn't help either. ②The book is completely lacking 　　　　    originality. ③(2022全国乙写作)因为缺乏自律,他们更容易沉溺于在线聊天或者玩游戏。 　　　　     　　　　     　　　　     self-discipline, they're more easily addicted to chatting on- line or playing games. 答案 用法归纳:③no　④for 即时巩固: ①of 　②in　③For/Through lack of 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8 　presentation n.报告;陈述,说明;讲座;颁发;演出 I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class.我对研究恒星和行星感兴趣,他让我给全班做一个介绍。     The presentation of prizes will begin at two o'clock.将在两点开始颁奖。 The teacher asked us to make a presentation about the topic.老师让我们做有关这个话题的报 告。 I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste.我在学校举办讲座,教孩子们有 关塑料垃圾的知识。 (2021新高考Ⅱ) 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①hold/　　　　    /give a presentation about...做关于……的报告 ②the/a presentation 　　　　    sth.关于……的演出/颁发   ①present vt.(尤指在正式场合)颁发,授予;赠送;提交 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.给某人颁发某物;把某物颁发给某人 ②present adj.现在的,当前的;出席的,在场的 be present at到场,出席 the present situation当前的形势 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③present n.现在;礼物 at present目前,现在 for the present暂时 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①The headmaster presented the winner 　　　　    the award. ②(2023新课标Ⅰ)I went to my teacher's office after the award 　　　　    (present). 一词多义 ③(2024北京)For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. 词性:　　　　    　词义:　　　　     ④(2023北京)One of them is about how the most accessible information in the present affects de- cisions about the future. 词性:　　　　    　词义:　　　　     ⑤He was not present at the meeting yesterday because he was ill. 词性:　　　　    　词义:　     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     用法归纳:①make　②of 即时巩固:①with　②presentation　③动词;提交　④名词;现在,目前　⑤形容词;出席的,在场的 答案 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 9 　 　access n.进入;接触的机会;通道,通路 v.到达;进入,使用;访问,存取(计算机文件) The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.做教师意味着,你有机会在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候,走进他们的 心灵。   The lift provides access to the upper floors.这部电梯通到上面的楼层。 Students must have access to good resources.学生必须有机会使用好的资源。 Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.散步是接近大自然的最佳方式。 (2023新课 标Ⅱ) A lot of people already have a device which can access the Internet.很多人已经有了可以上网的 设备。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念  ①access 　　　　    ...去……的通路/通道 ②have/gain access 　　　　    ...拥有/获得使用/进入……的机会/权利  ③access the Internet访问因特网   accessible adj.可到达的;可进入的;可见到的;易于理解的 be accessible to...对……来说是易于理解的/可见到的 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2024新课标Ⅱ)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an aca- demic, making for a guide which is highly 　　　　    (access) and informative.　 ②(2023新课标Ⅱ)As cities balloon with growth, access 　　　　    nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. ③(2024全国甲)中国的交通发生了显著的变化,让中国人有了不同的旅行方式。(make) Chinese transport has undergone remarkable transformations, 　　      　　　 　　　 　 　 　            　 　　　 　　　    of travelling. 答案 用法归纳:①to　②to 即时巩固:①accessible　②to ③making Chinese people have access to different ways 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 10 worthwhile adj.值得做的;重要的;有益的 If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult, then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.如果我作为老师所做的工作能够帮助将一个像格雷厄姆 这样的孩子变成一个如此成功的成年人,那么我知道我所做的工作是值得的。   It is worthwhile continuing with the project.继续执行此方案是值得的。 Seeing their happy faces, I thought it was worthwhile to join Peter's group.看到他们幸福的面 容,我觉得加入彼得的小组是值得的。 读后续写　心理描写 ①It is worthwhile 　　　　　　　　　　    sth.做某事是值得的。 ②a worthwhile cause/job有益的/重要的事业/工作 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 worth “值……钱,值得……的”,具有介词性质的表语形容词,其后应接名词、代词(宾格)、数词或动词-ing形式的主动形式。常构成be (well) worth sth./doing worthwhile “值得的,值得做的;值得花时间/金钱/精力的”,可作表语、定语或宾补,后接动词不定式和动词-ing形式均可。作表语时,句首常用It作形式主语,构成It is worthwhile to do/do-ing sth. worthy 作定语时表示“值得尊敬的;值得敬仰的”,主要用于修饰人或事业、生活等抽象名词; 作表语时意为“值得……的;应得……的”,常构成be worthy of sth.;be worthy of being done/to be done 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①(2021北京)Thus, it may be worth 　　　　    (bring) up issues with your friends, family members, or classmates rather than holding them back. ②It is worthwhile 　　　　    (talk) with your children when they are upset. ③(2026浙江名校联考)Integrity(正直) is not achieved overnight, but through constant practice, you can become a person truly worthy 　　    trust and respect. 一句多译 ③这部电影值得一看。 　　　　　　　　 答案 用法归纳:①doing/to do 即时巩固:①bringing　②to talk/talking　③of　 ④ It is worthwhile seeing/to see the movie/film./The movie/film is worth seeing./The movie/film is worthy to be seen/of being seen. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 11 　preference n.偏爱,偏好 to depend on personal preference 取决于个人的偏好   The interviewers gave preference to the graduates of this university.面试官优先考虑这所大 学的毕业生。 Job preference has changed with economic development.工作偏好随着经济发展而变化。(Chi- na Daily) I have a preference for serious novels to popular fiction.比起通俗小说我更喜欢读严肃小说。 She chose to learn the violin in preference to the piano.她选择学小提琴而不学钢琴。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①have/show a preference 　　　　    ...偏爱/更喜欢…… ②job/personal preference工作/个人偏好 ③give (a) preference 　　　　    sb./sth.给……以优惠;优待 ④in preference to而不是   用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 prefer v.较喜欢;喜欢……多于…… prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer A to B比起B更喜欢A prefer sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事 prefer doing A to doing B=prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不愿做B   ①(2026山西长治开学考试)When foreigners come to China, they may be surprised at Chinese's special fondness and 　　    (prefer) for seals(印章). ②比起那条绿色的连衣裙,我更喜欢那条红色的,因为它更适合我。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 because it suits me better. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③在空闲时间,我宁愿读书也不愿看电视。 I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 rather than watch TV in my spare time.       答案 用法归纳:①for　③to 即时巩固:①preference ②prefer the red dress to the green one　③prefer to read books 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 12 intention n.意图,目的;打算 But I do understand my teacher's intention.但我确实理解我的老师的意图。  I always brought food to feed him but had no intention of adopting him.我经常带食物来喂 它,但我没打算收养它。 读后续写　动作描写 Our Chinese teacher has announced his intention to retire.我们语文老师已经宣布他打算退休。 Our school organized the activity with the intention of improving our awareness of environmental protection.我们学校组织了这次活动,目的是提高我们的环保意识。 写作　环保意识 ①have no/every intention 　　　　    doing sth.不打算做某事/一心想做某事 ②(the) intention 　　　　    sth.做某事的打算/意图 ③　　　　     the intention of doing sth.打算/目的是做某事 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①intend v.想要,打算,计划 intend to do sth.打算做某事 intend sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事 intend+that从句 打算…… ②intended adj.打算的;计划的;为……打算(或设计)的 be intended for.../as.../to be.../to do...为……打算的/设计的;旨在…… ③intentional adj.故意的;有意的;存心的 ④intentionally adv.故意地;有意地;存心地   ①(2025全国一)She has every 　　    (intend) of staying and continuing doing what she loves. ②(2022北京)Fearful that he might have an intention 　　　　    (harm) her, Helen started to run. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③她的一些艺术作品旨在震惊观赏者。 Some of her art 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 . ④他离开英格兰,打算去非洲旅行。 He left England 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 in Africa.   答案 用法归纳:①of　②to do　③with 即时巩固:①for　②to harm　③is intended to shock the viewers　④with the intention of travel(l)ing 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 13 　manner n.方式,方法,举止;[pl.]礼貌 ...if we need to give negative feedback, we should do it in a less direct manner, especially to those who are shy or sensitive.……如果我们需要给出负面反馈,我们应该以不那么直接的方式,尤 其是对那些害羞或敏感的人。   I plan to make it in an admirable manner.我打算以一种令人钦佩的方式去做。 (2020天 津) This seems a rather odd manner of deciding things.这似乎是一种十分古怪的决定事情的方 式。 It is bad manners to talk loudly.大声说话是不礼貌的。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 If invited to a meal, be especially careful about your table manners.如果被邀请吃饭,要特别注意 餐桌礼仪。写作　餐桌礼仪 ①　　　　     a(n)/the/this...manner用一种/这种……的方式 ②a manner 　　　　    doing sth.做某事的方法 ③It's good/bad manners 　　　　    sth.做某事是有礼貌的/没礼貌的。 ④table manners餐桌礼仪 ⑤mind one's manner注意自己的举止   mannered adj.态度……的;举止……的 well-mannered/ill-mannered/mild-mannered有礼貌的/不礼貌的/随和的 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①I think you can carry out this activity 　　　　    an interactive manner. ②这不是科技第一次改变我们问候人的方式。 This isn't the first time technology 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 　　　　 . ③按照西方国家的规则,避免发表针对个人的言论是有礼貌的。 According to the rules in Western countries, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　 　　 　　　 making personal remarks. 答案 用法归纳:①in　②of　③to do 即时巩固:①in　②has changed our manner(s) of greeting people　③it's good manners to avoid 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 14 　desperate adj.拼命的;绝望的;非常需要 My friends try to drag me away from my phone, but as soon as I'm alone again, I'm desperate to get back to the online world and the intense activity that it provides.我的朋友试图将我拖离手 机,但我一再次独处,就极想回到网络世界和它提供的激烈的活动中去。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   The young man was desperate for a job.这个年轻人非常想要一份工作。 Jack was desperate to tell someone else his good news.杰克非常想把他的好消息告诉别人。 With desperate tears, she suddenly spotted a boat with a figure walking on it.她流着绝望的眼泪, 突然看到一艘船,船上有一个人影在上面行走。 读后续写　神态描写 ①be desperate 　　　　    sth.非常需要某物,极其需要某物 ②be desperate 　　　　    sth.非常想做某事   用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①desperately adv.拼命地;绝望地 ②desperation n.绝望;拼命;铤而走险 in desperation绝望中;在走投无路的情况下 ①(2023新课标Ⅱ)They could not afford to pay for transportation for their dog, Tiffy, and 　         (desperate) wanted to take her with them. ②绝望之际,他们从窗户跳了出去,以逃出大火。 　　　　     　　　　    , they jumped out of the window to escape from the fire. ③在你的上一封信中,你说你在考试前总是很焦虑,现在你迫切想知道你应该做什么。 In your last letter, you said you were always anxious before exams and now you 　　 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 　　　　 what you should do. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①for　②to do 即时巩固: ①desperately　②In desperation　③are desperate to know 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 15 　delay vi.&vt.推迟,延期 n.延误,耽搁;延迟的时间 Since I spend so much time socialising online,I keep delaying things that are important in my real life...因为我花太多时间在网上社交,所以我一直在拖延现实生活中重要的事情……     We must delay conducting our experiment until the weather improves.我们必须推迟做实 验,直到天气好转。 Several projects have been delayed by poor organisation.几个项目都因组织不力而被推迟。 Then, without delay, he returned to save my sister.然后,他立刻就回来救了我妹妹。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念  ①delay 　　　　    sth.推迟做某事 ②be delayed by 因……而延期  ③　　　　     delay立即;毫不耽搁   ①Don't delay 　　    (give) your response when someone approaches you with a request. ②(2024新课标Ⅰ)由于大暴雨,我的航班被推迟了一个半小时。 Due to a big storm, 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 by an hour and a half. 用法归纳 答案 用法归纳:①doing　③without 即时巩固:①giving　②my flight had been delayed 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 16 　complain vi.&vt.抱怨;不满;发牢骚 On a family holiday last summer, my sister spent all her time complaining that she needed to charge her phone.在去年夏天的一次家庭度假中,我姐姐花了她所有的时间抱怨她需要给手 机充电。  第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   My son complained to me about/of the food.我儿子向我抱怨这种食物。 As we complained in front of a local's home, a black SUV pulled up.当我们在当地人屋前抱怨 时,一辆黑色的SUV停了下来。 读后续写　动作描写 ①complain 　　　　    sb. 　　　　　　　    sth.向某人抱怨某事 ②complain (to sb.) that...(向某人)抱怨/投诉……   complaint n.抱怨,埋怨;投诉 a/the complaint about/against...对……的抱怨 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 make a complaint提出投诉 have a complaint有不满意见   ①I'd often complained 　　　　    my husband 　　　　    the smart-phone in which I was trapped. ②我要就污染问题提出投诉。 I'd like to 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 　　　　 pollution. 答案 用法归纳:①to;about/of 即时巩固:①to;about/of　②make a complaint about 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 17 　appointment n.约定;约会;预约;任命,委任 ...think of all the important appointments, invitations and news updates you would miss!……想 想你会错过的所有重要约会、邀请和最新新闻报道!   You must make an appointment to see the doctor.你必须约个时间看医生。 I have an appointment with our headmaster tomorrow.我明天和我们的校长有个约会。 For the third time, she failed to keep an appointment.她第三次没有守约了。 His appointment as head of sales has caused a heated debate.他获任销售主管的职位引起了激 烈的争论。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　 ①make/have an appointment 　　　　    sb.与某人有约 ②make an appointment 　　　　    sth.约个时间做某事 ③　　　　    /break an appointment守约/失约 ④one's appointment 　　　　    ...某人获任……的职位;某人担任……的任命 ⑤by appointment预约 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①appoint vt.委派,任命;约定,确定(时间、地点) appoint sb. (as)...任命某人为…… appoint sb. to do sth./to sth.委派某人做某事/去某机构任职 appoint a time/date/place for...为……确定时间/日期/地点 ②appointed adj.指定的;事先约定好的   ①(2024新课标Ⅱ)Shortly after Mr. Rochester bought the hotel, he made an appointment 　　     　    (see) the hotel manager. ②A new engineer was appointed 　　　　    (deal) with the products returned by customers. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③Your 　　    will be canceled immediately if you fail to arrive at the scene at the 　　    time. (appoint) ④他去年被委任为联合国大使。 He 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 ambassador of the United Nations last year.   答案 用法归纳:①with　②to do　③keep　④as 即时巩固:①to see　②to deal　 ③appointment;appointed ④was appointed as 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 18 　invitation n.邀请 What type of information will you include in your invitation email?你会把什么类型的信息包含 在邀请邮件内?   I hope you'll accept my invitation, and your timely reply would be highly appreciated.我希 望你能接受我的邀请,并将非常感激你的及时回复。 写作　邀请信 The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.就在第二天,维妮收到 了总统的邀请。  She wanted to issue an invitation to Bob, inviting him to attend the party.她想给鲍勃发出邀请, 请他参加聚会。 I have an open invitation to visit my friend in Beijing.我收到一个公开的邀请,去北京看我的朋友。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①　　　　    /extend an invitation发出/致送邀请 ②　　　　    /have an invitation收到邀请 ③　　　　    /turn down/decline sb.'s invitation接受/拒绝/婉拒某人的邀请 ④an invitation to.../　　　　     sth.参加……/做某事的邀请   ①invite vt.邀请 invite sb. to do sth./to...邀请某人做某事/参加…… ②inviting adj.吸引人的;诱人的 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①(2024全国甲)We invite you 　　　　    (join) us for the coming ARTS FIRST. ②(2023全国甲)It is not an explanation, but an 　　　　    (invite) to think and experience phi- losophy. ③(2022浙江1月)当答案是否定的时,她婉拒了邀请。 When the answer was no, she 　　　　 　　　　  　　　　 . 答案 用法归纳:①issue　②receive　③accept　④to do 即时巩固:①to join　②invitation　③declined the invitation 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 19 　competitor n.选手,参赛者;竞争对手 Competitors should be judged on their pronunciation, clarity and fluency, and also progression of ideas and audience engagement.应该根据参赛者的发音、清晰度和流利度,还有想法的进展和 观众的参与度去评判他们。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①compete vi.竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛) compete for...为……而竞争 compete with/against...与……竞争 compete in...在……方面竞争;参加……比赛 •I like dancing and I began to compete in dance competitions when I was five.我喜欢跳舞,我五 岁时就开始参加舞蹈比赛。 ②competition n.竞争;角逐;比赛 fair competition公平竞争 ③competitive adj.竞争的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2023全国甲改编)Now as a judge of the contest, I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the 　　　　    (compete). ②More than 10,000 　　    from different countries came to Beijing for medals in the 　　     games. (compete) 答案 即时巩固:①competition　②competitors;competitive 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 occasionally adv.偶尔;偶然 occasion n.特别的事情(或仪 式、庆典);适当的机会;某次 on occasion(s)偶尔,有时 on no occasion决不(位于句首 时,句子用部分倒装) occasional adj.偶尔的,偶然的 高频词汇积累 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 drag vt.拖,拉 drag by(时间)过得很慢;拖沓地进行 drag sb./sth. into sth.把毫不相干的事插入谈论;毫无必要地扯到;硬让毫无关系的人卷入 drag sth. out of sb.强迫某人说出; 套某人的话drag sb./sth. to...拖动某人/某物到…… handle vt.处理(难题),应付(局面) n.(门的)把手,拉手 Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were handled.大多数顾客对他们的投诉被处理的方式感 到满意。 He turned the handle and went in.他转动了一下把手,走了进去。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 upset adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的 v.使生气,使心烦意乱;打乱; 打翻 be upset about/by/at sth.为某事而苦恼 be upset that...对……苦恼 upset sb./oneself使某人/自己感到不安 raise vt.提出,提起 raise sb.'s spirits使振奋;使鼓起勇气 raise money集资,筹资,筹钱 associate with 与某人交往 I could never bring myself to associate with such a woman. 我从来不敢与这样的女人交往。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的 feel/be depressed about sth.对 ……感到沮丧 depress v.使沮丧,使消沉 depressing adj.令人沮丧的 depression n.沮丧,抑郁;抑郁症;(经济)萧条期 fall into a depression变得意志消沉 behalf n.代表 on behalf of sb.=on sb.'s be-half 代表某人 in behalf of sb.=in sb.'s behalf 为帮助某人 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 take up 占用(时间),占据(空间);学着 做;开始从事;继续;接受 take up my suggestion接受我的建议　　　　　take up much time占用太多时间 take up Japanese as a second foreign language把日语作为第二外语学习 belong to 是……的成员;属于 The students feel that they be-long to a particular group.学生们觉得他们属于一个特定的群体。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 approval n.赞许;同意 approve v.赞成;同意;认可;通过,批准 approve of...赞成……,同意…… approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth. 同意/赞成某人做某事 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1 经典结构情景破 　do/does/did强调谓语动词 But I do understand my teacher's intention.不过我确实明白我的老师的意图。   I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep smiling.我确 实知道店员会有多难过,但是我尽力劝他们保持微笑。 He does like music.他确实喜欢音乐。 My teacher did help me a lot when I failed the exam.在我考试不及格的时候,我的老师确实帮 了我很多。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 强调谓语动词时要用do、does、did,意为“确实,真的”,且只能用于一般现在时和一般 过去时的肯定句中。 ①一般过去时强调谓语动词时,用“　　　　    +动词原形”。 ②一般现在时强调谓语动词时,用“　　　　    +动词原形”,如果主语是第三人称单数,则 用“　　　　    +动词原形”。 　　强调句的基本句型:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分。 被强调的部分可以是宾语、主语、状语,一般不能是谓语、表语、补足语等。当被强调的部 分指人时,引导词既可用that,也可用who。强调句中的时态要依据原句的时态而定,即原句为 过去的某种时态时,强调句中的be就用was;原句为现在的某种时态时,强调句中的be就用is。 •It was Tom that/who told me the exciting news yesterday.昨天是汤姆告诉了我这个令人兴奋的消息。(强调主语) 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①我真的希望你能加入我们。 I 　　　 　　    you can join us. ②我们昨天用过那些桌子后,确实把它们还了。 We 　　　　  　　　　 those tables after using them yesterday. ③我妈妈确实喜欢购物,每周六都去购物中心。 My mother 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  and goes to the shopping mall every Saturday. ④正是在那家电影院,我第一次遇到我的丈夫。 It 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　 I first met my husband. ⑤是我的英语老师给了我很多支持和帮助。 It 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　 gives me a lot of support and help. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①did　②do;does 即时巩固: ①do hope 　②did return　③does like/love shopping　④was in that cinema that     ⑤is my English teacher that/who 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2 　 if only句型中的虚拟语气 Sometimes I think, if only I could call him and ask for his opinion!有时我想,如果我能给他打电 话征求他的意见就好了!    If only I had another chance (now).要是(现在)我还有机会就好了。(与现在情况相反) If only I had gone by taxi.要是我坐出租车去就好了。(与过去情况相反) “If only I could get that good feeling back,” she thought, sighing.“要是我能找回那种好心情 就好了。”她叹口气想。(与将来情况相反) 读后续写　心理描写 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　if only表示“要是……就好了”,该句式中谓语动词用虚拟语气,有以下三种形式: ①用　　　　　　　　    表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 ②用　　　　　    (be通常用were)表示与现在事实相反的愿望。 ③用　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　    表示与将来事实相反的愿望(一般不用should)。 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　①wish后接宾语从句时常用虚拟语气表示一种愿望或假想,其谓语动词的用法和if only 后的谓语动词用法相同。 •You lucky dog! I wish I were you!你这个幸运儿!我真希望我是你! •The party was awful, and we all wish we had never been there.那场聚会糟糕透了,我们都希 望自己从来没有去过那里。 •He is right, but I can't help wishing they would keep those old ferries.他是对的,但我还是忍 不住希望他们能保留那些旧渡船。(2022全国甲) ②wish sb.+名词(success/a good journey)/动词(succeed/have a good time)祝福某人(成功/旅途 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 愉快)/(成功/过得愉快) •We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.我们真诚地祝你快速康 复,早日返回中国。 写作　祝福 ③wish (sb.) to do sth.希望(某人)做某事 •The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week.语言交换项目允许学生结对,每周以两种不 同的他们希望分享和学习的语言进行交流。 (2024北京) ④would rather后的宾语从句中常用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反的情况,用过去 完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。 •I would rather you didn't eat junk food.我希望你不吃垃圾食品。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①他上周测试没过。要是我当时帮他把错误纠正过来就好了。(if only) He failed the test last week. 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　 matters right. ②我不知道接下来该怎么办。要是有谁能帮助我就好了!(if only) I don't know what to do next. 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  ! ③我妈妈总是对我说:“我希望有一天你能重返学校。” My mom would always say to me, “I wish you 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  one day.” 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ④(2023北京写作)希望你能从我的建议中得到一些启发。祝你成功。(wish) Hopefully, you will get some inspiration from my suggestions. 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  . ⑤他考试不及格。他希望自己当初更努力些。 He failed the exam. He wished 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  .   答案 用法归纳:①had done　②did　③would/could/might do 即时巩固:①If only I had helped him put　②If only someone could help me　③would go back to school　④Wish you success/succeed ⑤he had worked/studied harder 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3 　名词短语引导时间状语从句 The first day he walked into my class, he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored...第一天他走进我的课堂时,身后拖着书包,看上去很无聊……    I will cheer for you the moment you reach your goals.你一达到目标,我就为你欢呼。 The instant our mum saw the breakfast made by us, tears welled up in her eyes.妈妈一看到我们 做的早饭,就热泪盈眶。 读后续写　心理描写 　　①常见的作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语有the 　　　　　　　    /the minute/the instant 一……就……;the first time/the last time第一次/最后一次;next time下次;every/each time每次;any time任何时候;the day/week/month/year那天/那周/那个月/那年等。 ②用作连词的名词短语前不能加　　　　　    ,且其后不能再用连词。 用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　①副词immediately、instantly、directly(一……就……)可引导时间状语从句。 •Along the way, we encountered a snake that crawled away immediately it saw us.在途中,我们 遇到了一条蛇,它一看到我们就爬走了。 读后续写　情节描写 　　②介词短语by the time(到……时候)可引导时间状语从句,主句常用完成时态。by the time从句的时态为一般过去时,主句常用过去完成时;by the time从句的时态为一般现在时,主 句常用将来完成时。   ①一看到他我就给了他一个大大的拥抱。 I gave him a big hug 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  . 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②下次你拜访鲍勃时,记得提前给他打个电话。 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  Bob, remember to give him a call in advance. ③(2022新高考Ⅰ)每次他要放弃的时候,我就疯狂地喊:“加油,戴维!” 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　 , I shouted crazily, “Come on, David!” ④(2021天津)到他毕业时,已有十几家计算机公司为他提供了工作。 By the time he graduated, he　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  by a dozen com- puter companies.   答案 用法归纳:①moment　②介词 即时巩固:①the moment/instant/minute I saw him ②Next time you visit　③Every time he was about to quit　④had been offered jobs 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①定语从句　②表语从句　③时间状语从句 ④时间状语从句　⑤宾语从句　⑥方式状语 ⑦表语从句　⑧时间状语从句　⑨条件状语从句　⑩主语从句     主语从句     时间状语 从句     定语从句     主语从句     表语从句     定语从句 答案 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 过去完成时 一　过去完成时的定义与构成 He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.他犹豫了一下,然后说他已经决定不跑 了。 (2022新高考Ⅰ) The class had begun when I got to the school.当我到达学校时,课已经开始了。 He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.他在四天前送 我去的公交车站接我。 By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars.到去年年底,我们已经生产了20,000辆车 了。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 We hadn't seen each other before I left my hometown.在我离开家乡之前,我们没见过彼此。 Before the train left the station, all the things had been packed into it.在火车离开车站之前,所有 的东西都被装了进去。 Had they recorded seven albums before they visited India?他们在访问印度之前录制了七张专 辑吗? (1)过去完成时表示在过去的某一时间/动作①　　　　    发生的事件或存在的状态,即过去 的过去。过去的时刻常用before、until、when、by等引导的时间状语(从句)来表示,也可以 用一个表示过去的动作或上下文语境来表示。 (2)过去完成时的构成:②　　　　     过去完成时的否定形式:③　　　　     用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 过去完成时的被动语态:had been done 过去完成时的一般疑问句形式:④　　　　    +主语+　　　　    ...? 二　过去完成时的用法 We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.我们本希望你能来,但是你没有来。 I had thought we might travel as far as Oak Valley, but we only managed the first lap of the jour- ney.我原以为我们可以到达橡树谷,但我们仅仅完成了行程的第一段。 I had wished festival activities could attract her, but they didn't work.我本希望节日活动能吸引 她,但它们没有奏效。 If you had helped me, I would have got a high score.如果你帮助了我的话,我就会得高分了。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (1)表示过去未曾实现的⑤　　　　    、打算、意图、诺言等时常用had hoped/wanted/ wished/expected/planned/meant/intended/promised/thought等。 (2)在条件状语从句中,表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句要用⑥　　　　　　　    。   Hardly had she had time to sit and have a rest when the phone rang again.她刚有时间坐下来休 息一下,这时电话又一次响起来。 No sooner had I arrived home than the bell rang.我刚到家门铃就响了起来。 It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.这是他那一年第三次失业了。 　　过去完成时的常用句型: (1)表示“某人第几次做某事”:在It/This/That was the first/second/third/...time that...句型中,主 用法归纳2 用法归纳1 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 句用一般过去时,从句用⑦　　　　　　　    。 (2)表示“一……就……”:在hardly/scarcely...when...、no sooner...than...句型中,主句用过去 完成时,而when、than引导的从句用一般过去时。   　　当hardly、scarcely、no sooner位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。 三　过去完成时和一般过去时的区别   He went to Wuhan last week.上周他去武汉了。 The bus had already left by the time she arrived.她到达的时候公共汽车已经离开了。 They had arrived home by ten yesterday.他们昨天10点之前到家。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 They arrived home at ten yesterday.他们昨天10点到家。 When Tom arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off.汤姆到达机场时,飞机已经起飞了。 (1)第3句中动作发生在10点之前,所以用过去完成时;第4句中动作发生在10点,所以用一般过 去时。 (2)过去完成时表示动作在过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成,即过去的过去。一般过去时 表示动作在过去的某个时间发生,也表示在过去经常性或习惯性的动作。 (3)使用过去完成时是以⑧　　　　    的某个时间为参照点,而一般过去时是以现在的时间 为参照点。过去完成时和一般过去时在同一个句子或者上下文中体现过去事件发生的先后 顺序。   用法归纳 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①(2024全国甲)They were part of a 15-member exploring party that 　　　　　　    (spend) almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. ②(2024全国甲改编)I 　　　　　　    (finish)reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot just now, and I was heartbroken with the ending. ③(2024新课标Ⅱ)Susan 　　　　　　    (promote) to receptionist, but he recognized her im- mediately and addressed(称呼) her by name. ④(2023北京)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 　     　　　　    (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. ⑤It was the first time that she　　　　　　    (chat) online in English. ⑥Mrs. Brown　　　　　　    (work) in a high school for three years in the past, but she works in a bank now. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ⑦当我最终完成时,赢的想法已经让位于写作的乐趣。 When I finally finished it, the thought of winning 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  . ⑧(2022新高考Ⅱ)我快速在人群中搜寻学校的教练,并问他发生了什么事。 I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　 . ⑨杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。 By the time Jack returned home from England, his son 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  . ⑩(2024新课标Ⅰ)我本打算乘飞机到维也纳,然后乘公共汽车去布拉格参加一个会议。 I　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念  莫言刚走上舞台观众就响起了雷鸣般的掌声。 No sooner 　　　　　    Mo Yan 　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  　　　　  than the audience broke into thunderous applause. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 用法归纳:①之前　②had done 　③hadn't done　④Had;done　⑤愿望　⑥过去完成时　 ⑦过去完成时　⑧过去 即时巩固:①had spent　②had finished　③had been promoted　④arrived/had arrived　⑤had chatted ⑥worked　⑦had given way to the enjoyment of writing　⑧what had happened　⑨had graduated from college/university　⑩had intended/planned/meant to fly    had;stepped on the stage 答案 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $