Unit 2 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word同步练习）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础过关练”与“能力提升练”分层设计，构建从词汇语法基础到语篇综合应用的知识巩固路径，适配高中英语新授课教学，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础过关练|核心词汇（如classics, debts）、基础语法（介词搭配、词性转换）及基础句型应用|通过单词拼写、单句语法填空等题型夯实基础，如“inform sb. of/about sth.”介词搭配题强化语言知识准确性| |能力提升练|语篇语法（如课文语法填空）、综合阅读（如人物经历类语篇）及高阶思维（推理判断）|依托课文主题设计语法填空，结合真实语境阅读理解题（如作者写作经历），提升语篇分析与逻辑推理能力|

Unit 2　Onwards and upwards Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Journey to the West, one of the four great 　　　　(名著)in the history of Chinese literature, is very popular among children.  2.(2026山东临沂期中)Even for those who don't like the 　　　　(结果), there is little we can do to change it.  3.She was in a great mood today because she finally managed to pay off all her 　　　　(债务) and felt a huge weight lifted off her shoulders.  4.The project was undoubtedly complicated; n　　　　, the team managed to complete it ahead of schedule.  5.(2026河北邢台月考)“Eyes forward, keep a steady p　　　　,” he reminded me, running beside me.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.It is essential for the employer to inform his employees 　　　　　 any change in work schedules or shifts.  2.The 　　　　　(reject) from the publishing house left him in a bad mood, he doubting his writing ability.  3.We are 　　　　　(delight) to see that, in this way, younger generations have been motivated to further rediscover Chinese-style music during the past few years.  4.(2023新课标Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 　　　　　 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left wanting more next time.  5.(2026浙江名校期中联考)Over time, moving more step by step and at gradually higher intensities can improve your balance, muscle strength and 　　　　　(endure).   6.Young people are found willing to take even the most severe 　　　　　(criticise) if the feedback is motivated by appreciation of their potential.   7.The architect designed a beautiful house for the large family, a structure which has been proven to withstand even the most severe and unpredictable weather conditions, 　　　　　(guarantee) their safety and comfort for decades to come.  Ⅲ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) have something in common; turn down; survive on; along with; dream of; all too often There are many ambitious individuals who 1.　　　　　　 making a significant impact on their chosen fields. They often 2.　　　　　　 in terms of their passion and determination. However, on their journey, their proposals or applications may be 3.　　　　　　by various institutions or companies. Despite having to 4.　　　　　　limited money sometimes, they seldom give up. 5.　　　　　　, it's precisely this unwavering spirit that finally leads them to achieve their dreams.  Ⅳ.完成句子 1.我很抱歉地通知你,我不得不取消明天上午和你的预约。(regret,inform) I 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 I have to cancel the appointment with you tomorrow morning.  2.直到我哥哥轻轻拍着它的头,托比才停止吠叫。(not...until) Toby 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 my brother patted his head.  3.He tried to start the car repeatedly, and his heart sank when the engine just wouldn't start.(句式升级:独立主格结构) →He tried to start the car repeatedly, 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 when the engine just wouldn't start.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Everyone knows that success 　1　 (rare) happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have faced rejection before.   When J.K. Rowling received her first rejection letter from a publisher, she 　2　(stick) it on her kitchen wall. After 　3　 total of twelve rejections, she made it. As we know, Harry Potter became a 　4　(globe) success. The second example is J.D. Salinger. He started writing short stories in high school, but later struggled to get his works 　5　(publish). Despite rejections from several publishers, he refused to give up. Even when 　6　(serve) in the US Army during the Second World War, he carried a novel 　7　 him and worked on it throughout his war service. His perseverance brought him success. The third example is three sisters, Charlotte Brontё, Emily Brontё, and Anne Brontё. There was a time 　8　 women were not encouraged to become writers, so they had to write a book of poems under male names. Even when the book sold only two 　9　(copy), the sisters still didn't give up. They also succeeded depending on perseverance.  In a word, talent alone isn't enough 　10　 (guarantee) success. Perseverance is the key to success.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 (2026湖南长沙市长郡中学期中) Born in Hungary in 1847, in his teens Joseph Pulitzer moved to America, 　1　 he regularly visited the library and studied English and law. While in the library one day, he began chatting to 　2　(editor) of a German-language newspaper and they offered him a job.  Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and at the age of 25, he became 　3　 publisher. In 1878, he founded the newspaper the St Louis Post-Dispatch and worked 　4　(tireless), from early in the morning until midnight. He published articles about politics and social issues in his paper, 　5　(criticize) government officials for dishonesty and wealthy people for not paying their taxes. His journey was far 　6　 easy—he faced constant criticism from powerful figures. Nevertheless, he refused to back down—his 　7　(persevere) in his goal of speaking up for the voiceless never shook. In 1883, he bought the New York World and used the same business strategy he 　8　(employ) at the St Louis Post-Dispatch and sales of the newspaper mounted up overnight, making it become the bestselling newspaper in the country.  Pulitzer was the first 　9　(advocate) the training of journalists at university level. In 1892, he offered Columbia University money to start a school of journalism. Pulitzer died in 1911. One year after his death, the Columbia School of Journalism 　10　(establish). Six years after his death, the first Pulitzer Prizes were awarded.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2026河南名校联考) My story starts like so many writers': I started making stories as soon as I could hold a pencil. By seven, I was making up “novels” weekly and forcing them upon my long-suffering aunts. While other kids dreamed of being astronauts, I hesitated between “author” and “veterinarian”. Then, at fifteen, I saw the first Lord of the Rings film in the cinema. It struck me like lightning. When I discovered it was adapted from a book and that entire worlds could be built with words, my path was set—to be a writer in the future. I immediately dug out my glitter gel pens and got back to writing. But growing up meant growing doubtful. “Be practical,” everyone said. So I became the cliché: the writer who studied psychology instead. Academic work in university occupied every minute of my life, leaving my stories untouched and coated in dust. After graduation, the floodgates opened. Characters flooded back, whispering I forgot how much I needed that. Over a period of time, I wrote crazily until my new job got even busier and my personal life broke down. Then I found myself pulling boxes of half-finished manuscripts into my childhood bedroom at twenty-six. This time, the fall was severe. That slump went on for years. Then came the babies. When I held my first child in my arms, tired for lack of sleep and aching all over, I got up the courage to ask myself, “Why haven't I become a writer yet?” How absurd(荒唐的) that was! Here I was, busy changing diapers(尿布), yet the old hunger rushed back louder than the baby. So I fought for it—writing down outlines with a purple pen while feeding babies, reading books during naptimes, and stealing twenty bleary-eyed minutes at midnight. I was delighted to find that the love for writing still burned within me. Now, I'm more tired than ever. More frightened too. Nevertheless, the words are here to stay. It turns out that my greatest mistake wasn't in stopping writing, but in believing I could ever stop writing. 1.What made the author decide to become a writer? A.Her interest in novels.　　B.A film. C.Her curiosity about surroundings.　　D.A habit. 2.Why did the author stop writing during university? A.She preferred psychology to writing.　　 B.Her classmates doubted her ability. C.She was too busy with studies to write.　　 D.She found she wanted to be an astronaut. 3.What does the underlined word “slump” in paragraph 4 mean? A.A period of great productivity.　　B.A time of strong determination. C.A state of inactivity in performance.　　D.A sudden increase in creative energy. 4.What can we learn from the author's experience? A.Never give up on your true passion. B.Don't put all your eggs in one basket. C.A good book can change people's lives unexpectedly. D.It is possible to balance writing with life responsibilities. B (2026山东德州九校联考)价值引领 Failure is a big part of everyone's life. The problem many of us face, however, is that we automatically equate (使等同) experiencing failure with being a failure. We view it as something to be ashamed of, or something we often dread encountering. In fact, failure gives us an opportunity to learn, adapt and grow. It should be expected on the way to achieving life goals and used as a feedback mechanism to get it right next time. I recently saw a woman who had to give up studying for her university degree. She had bipolar disorder and was unable to cope with the pressure of studying. She had hoped to find a teaching job. However, she failed her exams and job interviews, and overall felt like she was failing to achieve anything. One of the things she enjoyed doing was singing in a band. In order to earn a bit of money, she began giving singing lessons to children in her community. 18 months later, she now has her own growing business of teaching singing full-time. She hasn't achieved this goal in the way she imagined, and she wouldn't have embarked on this path without the setbacks she encountered. What was it about this woman that made her succeed? Yes, failure had a big part to play, but the ability to bounce back and be flexible was an important factor. An important part of developing flexibility lies in having a supportive network. Having relationships with people who can support us helps us get through tough times. Our attitudes toward ourselves are also crucially important—including the sense that we are in control of our actions, realizing our strengths and setting ourselves achievable and realistic goals. The secret to flexibility lies in accepting that there are things in life we cannot change. Rather than thinking of ourselves as victims, we need to realize we have the ability to change the way we think and behave. Ultimately, it will dawn on us that life may shower us with hardships, but we are capable of fostering blossoms amid them. 5.What do people usually think of failure? A.Shameful.　　B.Unavoidable.　　C.Changeable.　　D.Rewarding. 6.Why did the woman give up studying for her university degree? A.She had no interest in studying in university. B.She failed all her exams. C.She was eager to start a singing business to make money. D.She suffered from some disturbance and couldn't handle study pressure. 7.What can be inferred about the woman's success? A.It had nothing to do with failure. B.She succeeded easily without any difficulties. C.Failure and the ability to recover and be flexible both mattered. D.Only the ability to bounce back and be flexible led to her success. 8.What is the main idea of the text? A.Failure should be avoided at all costs in tough conditions. B.Singing is a better career than teaching in the case of the woman. C.Flexibility and accepting unchangeable things are key to dealing with failure. D.People with bipolar disorder can't achieve success whatever their efforts are. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.classics　2.outcome　3.debts　4.nevertheless 5.pace Ⅱ.1.of/about　考查介词。inform sb. of/about sth.意为“通知/告知某人某事”,故本空应用介词of或about。 2.rejection　考查名词。根据空前定冠词The可知,本空应用名词rejection作句子主语,意为“拒绝”。 3.delighted 　考查形容词。句意:我们非常高兴地看到,在过去几年里,通过这种方式,年轻一代受到了激励,从而进一步重新发现了具有中国特色的音乐。本空在句中作表语,且We作主语,故本空应用形容词delighted,意为“愉快的,高兴的”。be delighted to do sth.意为“很高兴做某事”。 4.rarely　考查副词。句意:不过,无论我在哪里买小笼包,一蒸笼很少会够,但两蒸笼就显得贪心,所以我总是想下次再买更多。本空修饰enough,作状语,故应用副词rarely,意为“很少,罕有”。 5.endurance　考查名词。句意:随着时间的推移,循序渐进地增加运动量和强度,能改善你的平衡能力、肌肉力量和耐力。设空处与and前的名词balance及muscle strength并列,应用名词endurance,意为“耐力”。 类比启发 　　动词+-ance变名词(以e结尾的动词去掉e加-ance)的还有guide→guidance;appear→appearance;perform→performance;accept→acceptance;assist→assistance等。 6.criticism　考查名词。句意:人们发现,年轻人愿意接受即使是最严厉的批评,只要这种反馈是出于对他们潜力的欣赏。本空作动词take的宾语,根据空前形容词severe可知,本空应用名词criticism,意为“批评”。 7.guaranteeing　考查动词的-ing形式。句意:这位建筑师为这个大家庭设计了一座漂亮的房子,该建筑物已被证实连最恶劣和难以预测的天气状况都能够承受,从而确保了他们未来几十年的安全与舒适。本句句子结构拆解:主句(The architect designed a beautiful house for the large family)+同位语(a structure)+which引导的定语从句+状语。“　　　...come”在句中作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,应用动词的-ing形式,故填guaranteeing。  Ⅲ.1.dream of　2.have something in common　3.turned down　4.survive on　5.All too often Ⅳ.1.regret to inform you that　2.didn't stop barking until 3.his heart sinking 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.rarely　考查副词。本空修饰动词happens,应用副词形式。故填rarely。 2.stuck　考查时态。根据语境可知,本句描述的事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填stuck。 3.a　考查冠词。a total of意为“总共”。 4.global　考查形容词。本空修饰名词success,故应用形容词global。 5.published　考查过去分词。本句中“get his works 　5　(publish)”为“get+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,动词publish和宾语his works之间为被动关系,本空应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填published。   6.serving　考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子可知,设空处所在的部分为when引导的时间状语从句的省略,serve与he之间是主动关系, 此处应用动词的-ing形式。故填serving。 7.with　考查介词。carry sth. with sb.意为“某人随身携带某物”。 8.when　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空前为名词time,此处表示“曾经有一段时间,女性不被鼓励成为作家”,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词time,且关系词在从句中作时间状语,故应用关系副词when。 9.copies　考查名词复数。copy意为“(书、报纸等的)一本”时为可数名词,根据空前数词two可知,本空应用名词复数形式。故填copies。 10.to guarantee　考查不定式。be enough to do sth.意为“足以做某事”。故填to guarantee。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国报业巨头约瑟夫·普利策的一生。 【高频词汇】　1.journalist n.新闻记者　2.constant adj.持续的,不断的　3.figure n.人物　4.back down退让,让步　5.mount up增长,上升　6.advocate v.主张,倡导 【熟词生义】　employ熟义:v.雇用　生义:v.运用,采用(策略、方法等) 1.where　考查定语从句。句意:1847年出生于匈牙利的约瑟夫·普利策,在十几岁的时候移居美国,在那里他经常去图书馆学习英语和法律。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是America,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。 方法归纳 　　当先行词是表示地点的名词,且关系词在从句中作地点状语时,常用关系副词where 引导定语从句;若先行词为地点名词,但关系词在从句中作主语或宾语,则用关系代词that 或 which。 2.editors　考查名词复数。根据后文“they offered him a job”中的复数代词they可知,此处指多名编辑,应用editor的复数形式,故填editors。 3.a　考查冠词。publisher为可数名词,此处泛指“一名出版商”,且publisher的发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a 修饰。 4.tirelessly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词worked,应用副词形式,tireless的副词形式为tirelessly,意为“不知疲倦地”。 5.criticizing　考查动词的-ing形式。句意:他在他的报纸中发表有关政治和社会问题的文章,抨击政府官员的不诚实以及富人逃税的行为。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词published,设空处应用非谓语动词。criticize与其逻辑主语He之间是主动关系,应用动词的-ing形式作伴随状语,故填criticizing。 6.from　考查固定搭配。句意:他的创业之路绝非易事——他不断遭到有权势的人物的指责。be far from为固定搭配,意为“绝非;远非”,故填from。 7.perseverance　考查名词。设空处作主语,且其前有形容词性物主代词his 修饰,需用名词形式。persevere的名词形式为perseverance,且为不可数名词,意为“毅力;坚持不懈”。 8.had employed　考查时态。句意:1883年,他买下了《纽约世界报》,并沿用了在《圣路易快邮报》时采用的相同的经营策略,该报的销量一夜之间激增,使其成为全国最畅销的报纸。“采用经营策略”发生在“买下《纽约世界报》”之前,“买下”发生在过去(1883年),则“采用”是发生在过去之前的动作,应用过去完成时,故填had employed。 9.to advocate　考查不定式。句意:普利策是首个倡导在大学层面培养记者的人。the first后常接不定式作后置定语,即“the first+to do sth.”,故填to advocate。 10.was established　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,主语 the Columbia School of Journalism 与establish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。结合时间状语“One year after his death”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,且主语为专有名词,故填was established。 Ⅲ. A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小热爱写作,因现实压力多次暂停写作,最终在成为母亲后重拾写作热情的经历,展现了对梦想的执着追求。 【高频词汇】　1.make up编造(故事、谎言等)　2.be adapted from改编自……　3.occupy v.使用,占用(空间、面积、时间等)　4.break down崩溃,出问题　5.for lack of由于缺乏　6.get up the courage to do sth.鼓起勇气做某事 【熟词生义】　1.coat熟义:n.外套　生义:v.覆盖,涂上 2.hunger熟义:n.饥饿 　生义:n.渴望,渴求 【差距词汇】　bleary-eyed adj.视线模糊的 1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Then, at fifteen, I saw the first Lord of the Rings film in the cinema...my path was set—to be a writer in the future.”可知,15 岁时观看的第一部《指环王》电影让作者下定决心成为一名作家。故选B。 2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Academic work in university occupied every minute of my life, leaving my stories untouched and coated in dust.”可知,大学期间学业占据了作者全部时间,让她没有时间写作。故选C。 3.C　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“my new job got even busier and my personal life broke down”和“half-finished manuscripts”可知,作者因工作繁忙和生活变故再次停止写作,未完成的手稿被搁置。结合“That slump went on for years.”可推测,“slump”指写作方面的停滞状态。故选 C。 4.A　推理判断题。 Para. 1 作者童年时热爱写作,在“作家”与“兽医”间犹豫。 Para. 2 作者15岁时受《指环王》电影启发,坚定了当作家的决心。 Para. 3 作者遵从“务实”建议学心理学,大学因学业搁置写作。 Para. 4 作者毕业后短暂创作,后因工作、生活变故陷入长期停笔状态。 Para. 5 作者成为母亲后,挤碎片化时间重启写作,唤醒初心。 Para. 6 作者虽疲惫胆怯,但写作无法割舍,从而领悟到不可放弃热爱的事物的道理。 通读全文可知,本文讲述了作者从小热爱写作,虽因学业、工作、生活变故多次暂停,但始终未放弃内心对写作的渴望,最终重新坚持写作。由此可推断,文章传递的核心是“不要放弃真正的热爱”。故选 A。 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“失败”展开论述,通过一位女性的真实经历,阐述了从失败中恢复、保持灵活性的重要意义,并强调了内在心态和构建支持网络在应对挫折中的作用。 【高频词汇】　1.automatically adv.自动地　2.cope with处理,应对　3.setback n.挫折,阻碍　4.bounce back恢复健康(或信心等),重整旗鼓　5.flexible adj.灵活的→flexibility n.灵活性　6.victim n.受害者　7.be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事 【熟词生义】　shower 熟义:n.淋浴　生义:v.大量地给 【差距词汇】　1.mechanism n.方法,机制　2.embark on开始,从事　3.ultimately adv.最终　4.foster v.培养,抚育 长难句 译文:她并没有以当初想象的方式实现这一目标;若非遭遇那些挫折,她根本就不会踏上这条道路。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“We view it as something to be ashamed of, or something we often dread encountering.”可知,人们通常认为失败是令人羞耻的,或是惧怕遇到的事情。shameful可耻的;unavoidable无法避免的;changeable易变的;rewarding有益的。故选 A。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“She had bipolar disorder and was unable to cope with the pressure of studying.”可知,这位女性放弃大学学位学习是因为她患有双相型障碍,无法应对学习压力。D项中“some disturbance”指的是原文中“bipolar disorder”;D项中“couldn't handle study pressure”对应原文中“was unable to cope with the pressure of studying”。故选 D。 7.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中“Yes, failure had a big part to play, but the ability to bounce back and be flexible was an important factor.”可知,失败对她的成功起到了重要作用,但恢复和保持灵活的能力也是一个重要因素,即两者都很重要。故选 C。 8.C　主旨大意题。 Para. 1 提出普遍认知:人们常将“经历失败”等同于“成为失败者”,视失败为羞耻、畏惧之事。 Para. 2 点明核心观点:失败具有学习、适应和成长的价值,应被合理利用。 Para. 3— Para. 4 举例论证:通过一名女性的经历说明挫折可推动人走向不同的成功之路。 Para. 5— Para. 7 分析总结:恢复能力、灵活性是成功的关键,而培养灵活性需要支持网络和正确的自我认知,核心是接受无法改变的事。 综上可知,文章核心是说明应对失败的关键在于保持灵活性和接受生活中无法改变的事物。故选 C。 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $