2026-2027学年高一上学期英语初高衔接五种基本句子类型 导学案

五种基本句型 【自主学习】 一：Ｓ＋Ｖ （主＋谓） 此句型的句子谓语动词为不及物动词(vi.)，本身就能表达完整的意思。 例：Time flies(谓语) fast./Finally, the big day arrived(谓语). 不及物动词特性：①可以单独使用②＋介词＋宾语③做非谓语时，无被动语态。 1 Conflicts __________(arise) from misunderstandings can be resolved through mutual respect and timely communication. 2 It __________(happen) that local artists got together to protect traditional handcrafts. 3 This collection of poems belongs __________ the city public library. 二：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子谓语动词本身不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思，这类动词为系动词。 例：They looked(系动词) peaceful and charming(表语). It was(系动词) such a refreshing and unforgettable experience(表语). 常见的五类系动词为： ①be(是):am/is/are was/were ②(似乎)seem, appear ③(保持)keep, remain, stay ④(变得)get, become, turn, go ⑤感官联系动词look(看起来), sound(听起来), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), feel(感觉) 三：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 此句型的句子谓语动词是主语发出的动作，但本身不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(名词、代词、动名词、不定式、从句、“特殊疑问词＋不定式”等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词为及物动词(vt.)。 例：I love cats./I am looking forward to(谓语) hearing from you(宾语). 四：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 此句型的句子谓语动词后必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。通常，直接宾语是“物”，间接宾语是“人”。这种句型可以转化为其它两种句型：动词＋宾语＋for sb；动词＋宾语＋to sb。 例：offer sb sth=offer sth to sb；buy sb sth=buy sth for sb An expert on this field gave us(间宾) a lecture on the knowledge of mental health(直宾). 五：Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 有些及物动词，如果只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，这时必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。常用于这种句型的动词有：appoint, call, find, keep, make等。 例：Studying makes me(宾语) happy(宾补语). I listened to(谓语) him(宾语) talking to someone is a low voice in his room(宾补). 【当堂检测】 一、指出下面各句的句子类型及各成分 1. I think you would have loved this class too. 2. If two students with poor English are paired, the practice may not work well. 3. This activity is to encourage students to explore how cycling can contribute to a sustainable future. 4. Without knowledge, we can never make our country richer and stronger. 5. She taught us how to draw park sceneries and use watercolors to paint them. 二、语法填空 1. The food tastes __________(taste). Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ 2. The manager made the workers __________(work) overtime. Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ 3. He offered me __________ valuable suggestion. Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｏ 4. All the guests __________(arrive) already. Ｓ＋Ｖ 5. We found the movie very __________(interest). Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｏ＋Ｃ 三、用所学五种基本句型翻译下面句子 1. 他保持沉默。 2, 她完成了报告。 3. 爸爸给我买了一台电脑。 4. 我们选他当队长。 5. 局势改变了。 答案 一．①arising arise为不及物动词，arise from由……产生，做非谓语无被动 ②happened 不及物动词可以单独使用 ③belong to 属于，不及物短语，to为介词 【当堂检测】 1. I主 think谓 you would have loved this class too宾. 2. If two students with poor English are paired, the practice主 may not work谓 well. 3. This activity主 is系 to encourage students to explore how cycling can contribute to a sustainable future表. 4. Without knowledge, we主 can never make谓 our country宾 richer and stronger宾补. 5. She主 taught谓 us间宾 how to draw park sceneries and use watercolors to paint them直宾. tasty, work, a, have arrived, interesting He keeps silent. She finished the report. My father bought me a computer. We elected him our captain. The situation changed. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $