Unit 5 Working the land 一轮复习专项训练 -2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 本专项以农业科技为主题，构建"词汇语法-阅读技能-写作应用"三维训练体系，融合高考真题与方法指导，系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇语法|10词转+5词块+5句型+5翻译+1语篇|词性转换规则、复合句结构法|从单词到语篇，构建语法应用链| |阅读技能|1真题阅读+1七选五+1完形+6词义猜测|构词法猜词、语篇结构分析法|从微观词义到宏观语篇，培养逻辑思维| |写作应用|5单句+1语篇|新闻报道"标题-导语-主体-结尾"四步结构|从单句写作到语篇组织，提升表达能力|

Book4 Unit 5 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练 一、根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. Scientists measure the ________ of topsoil to assess fertility, and warn that over-farming may ________ soil degradation（衰退） issues. (deep) 2. Without evidence, our ________ about the outcome may still be wrong. (assume) 3. Despite advanced technology, modern agriculture is not ________ dependent on machinery. (entire) 4. He quickly assessed what ________ were open to him. (alternative) 5. Many arid（干旱的） regions are facing a serious water ________, which severely limits agricultural production. (short). 6. The rapid ________ of farmland into forests threatens biodiversity, demanding an ________ strategy that balances food production with conservation. (expand) 7. Brown rice is ________ due to its high fiber content and its ________ value surpasses white rice. (nutrition) 8. His scientific ________ was admirable; as a ________ researcher, he continued to devote himself to genetic crop improvement. (devote) 9. Rising meat ________ strains resources, urging the modern ________ to consciously consume plant-based alternatives for sustainability. (consume) 10. The ________ evidence ________ even skeptics, making them ________ supporters of bio-technology. (convince) ( devote... to make use of... in turn be far from keep... free from/ of be ready for )二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式填空。 1. Farmers use natural methods ______ crops ______ harmful chemicals. 2. Deep down, she knew her plan __________ practical, but she still decided to try it out. 3. By the end of last year, the charity organization ____________ large sums of money ______ poverty relief. 4. The new policy will first be tested in rural areas and __________ applied to cities, as officials are convinced of its positive effects. 5. Though they understood the risks involved, the researchers __________ the experiment, which would inspire more innovations in the field. 三、请按要求完成句子。 1. 他拒绝这个提议的原因是该提议不够合理。 The reason ________ he refused the offer was ________ it was not reasonable enough. 2. 这是第一次科学家们成功地在水稻中植入了抗虫基因。(succeed) It is the first time that scientists __________ in implanting an insect-resistant gene into rice. 3. Climate change poses the greatest threat to agriculture in many developing countries. (强调地点状语) __________________________________________ climate change poses the greatest threat to agriculture. 4. 令我们担忧的事情是气候变化对全球粮食生产的影响越来越大。(主语从句+表语从句) __________________________ the impact of climate change on global food production is increasing. 5. How farmers adapt to climate change is a critical issue. (改成it作形式主语) ___________________________________________________________________________ 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1. 袁隆平最伟大的成就是他研发的杂交水稻养活了全球数百万人。 (that引导表语从句) 2. 如何平衡粮食产量与环境保护是现代农业面临的关键问题。 (how 引导主语从句) 3. 某些化学肥料对环境危害太大而不能长期使用。 (too...to... 结构) 4. 鉴于全球人口持续增长，提高农作物产量至关重要。 (given that… 引导原因状语从句) 5. 据广泛报道，有机耕作对土壤有长期益处。 (It be + 过去分词 + that…) 五、阅读下面的语篇，根据首字母、中文提示，或用括号里单词的正确形式填空。 Organic Farming: A Sustainable Solution ​ In the face of global food 1. ________ (crisis), scientists are working 2. ________ (intense) to boost crop yields. Dr. Lin, 3. ________ (devote) to organic farming for decades, 4. _________ (convince短语) its power to 5. o_______ ecological challenges. She is firmly convinced that organic farming, which avoids 6. ________ (fertilizer) and pesticides, can yield more 7. ________ (nutrition) produce while protecting the ecosystem. Her research project 8. _________ (由…组成) three key phases. 9. _________ (例如), she is exploring ways to keep soil free from toxic 10. ________ (chemical). The soil in experimental plots 11. _________ (富含…) natural minerals, which has notably raised grain output. She also studies how to 12. t________ bacterial growth in organic crops, ensuring better quality. Deep down, Dr. Lin aims to alleviate rural 13. ________ (poor). She has even made donations to local schools, helping farmers 14. a________ sustainable techniques. Initially far from accepted, her 15. ________ (convince) data changed minds. “16. ________ (convention) farming can't meet future needs,” she insists, noting that domestic food demand requires 17. a________ solutions. Looking ahead, Dr. Lin envisions a balanced urban-rural development. She holds the 18. ________ (想象，展望)that collective efforts will 19. f________ the dream of global food security with organic agriculture playing an 20. e________ role in meeting consumption demands. Book 4 Unit 5 课时二 阅读技能训练 一、阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2024年新高考Ⅱ卷C】 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store has gone through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmers’ markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 1. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees a variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmers’ markets. 2. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 3. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 4. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 5. Get the Chinese meaning of the underlined words. 为了练习用构词法猜测词义的能力，请回答下列句子中划线单词的意思。 (1) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. ; (2) After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. (3) BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. (4) Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. ; (5) However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. (6) Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. 训练后反思： Look at Q5 in your original exercise. How does using word information to guess the meaning help you get the meaning of the new or unfamiliar words? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 二、语篇结构。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【2024南昌市三模】 As I was standing in a long line to get into the grocery store waiting to buy fruits and vegetables, I realized I could turn my backyard into a garden. 6 Here are several expert tips to help you break ground on your garden. Before you start your work, think about the space you're changing. Is your space a yard? A rooftop? How much sunlight does it get? Watch out for the temperature and find out which plants adapt well in your region. 7 Set the stage with healthy soil, It's full of billions of bacteria and helps plant roots grow. Then consider the structure of the soil. Different plants require different soil. 8 Tomatoes want more clay for keeping water. 9 The decision depends on your preferences, space, what you're growing and your budget. Stay away from containers that have been used for poisonous materials. They can bring chemicals into the soil as they break down from sunlight. Should I plant seeds or transplants? In general, a seed is like a baby. It needs tons of care, but not everyone knows how to get it to survive. Transplants are for starters. 10 They still need your love but they're not going to fall down and kill themselves. With a little planning, I was able to watch three adorable baby trees take root in my yard. One of them recently had its first fruit—sweet little peaches. The yard has totally transformed too. A. It used to be a junkyard. B. Just create a vision based on your location. C. You can start a garden in pots or containers. D. You can buy your garden soil at a hardware (五金) store. E. It enables me to grow my own food and save waiting time. F. Carrots want sandier soil, so their roots can more easily grow. G. They are plants that are a few inches high grown in small pots. 三、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 【2023年四省联考阅读理解B篇改编】 As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader to make the world better. Her passion to help others 11 when, from the age of nine, she 12 her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country. There she 13 homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the 14 effects of desertification（沙漠化）. “Within 10 years rich farmers became 15 , and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to 16 the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in rainfall and an increase in drought severity led to an estimated 75% of Tunisia’s 17 being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized farming 18 needed to change. Small land areas can bring large returns if farmers plant sustainable crops, use new water treatment technologies and 19 natural products and fertilizers. In 2012, Toumi moved to Tunisia and set up a(n) 20 “Acacias for All” to put her sustainable farming 21 into action. “I want to 22 rural youth that they can create opportunities locally. Nobody can better 23 the impact of desertification and climate change than them.” By September 2016, more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with a 60 % 24 rate. Toumi estimates 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland, 25 to plant 1 million by 2018. Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 11. A. was awakened B. was raised C. was found D. was built 12. A. left B. accompanied C. joined D. followed 13. A. expanded B. managed C. organized D. prepared 14. A. constructive B. destructive C. uncertain D. so-called 15. A. better off B. further behind C. closer together D. worse off 16. A.plan B.stop C.observe D.ignore 17. A.farmland B. grassland C.wetland D.forest 18. A. tools B.systems C. practices D. traditions 19. A. carry on B. insist on C. act on D. focus on 20. A. basement B. ambition C. programme D. exhibition 21. A. wisdom B. philosophy C. secret D. decision 22. A. reach B. ask C. show D. warn 23. A. remind B.create C.highlight D. understand 24. A. survival B.death C.growth D. development 25 .A. expecting B.asking C. struggling D. complaining Book4 Unit 5 课时三 写作技能训练 单元话题写作：校园活动报道（科技周科技活动） （一）写作指导 校园活动报道（科技周科技活动）写作的核心结构是： 1. 标题 (Title) ：简洁醒目，突出主题（如：“Science and Technology Festival of Guangming Middle School”）。 2. 导语 (Lead) ：用1-2句话概括活动主要信息（时间、地点、核心事件）。 3. 主体 (Body) ： - 按逻辑顺序描述活动内容（如：展览区、竞赛区、互动体验区）。 - 引用师生采访，增强真实感。 4. 结尾 (Conclusion) ：总结活动意义或展望未来。 （二）写作训练 假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，你校上周举办了校园科技周活动。请你写一篇新闻稿，向学校英文报投稿，对本次活动进行报道。具体内容包括： 1. 活动的时间地点； 2. 活动的亮点内容； 3. 活动的意义和影响。 第一步：写单句 1. 上周，光明中学在校园内成功举办了科技节。(Science and Technology Festival) 2. 最吸引人的是机器人足球赛，学生们操控自制的机器人进行角逐。(主语从句，定语从句) , where __________________________________________________. 3. 在3D打印展台，我们目睹了一座小房子如何在10分钟内被打印出来。（宾语从句） At the 3D printing stand， . 4. 科技社社长王明表示：“这次活动的意义在于它点燃了我们的科学热情。” (表语从句） Wang Ming, the leader of the Science Club, said: “ ”. 5. 这场活动不仅有趣，更让我们看到科技如何改变未来。（not only, but also） . 第二步：组语篇 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Book4 Unit5 单元过关 （一）阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Japan faces a severe agricultural labor shortage due to its aging population and low birthrate. The number of key agricultural workers in private farming enterprises decreased by 22.4% from 2015 to 2020, from about 1.76 million to 1.36 million. This trend threatens Japan's food production and export competitiveness. As such, establishing efficient and highly productive agricultural systems and reducing labor needs for agricultural work are the most important in Japan. Across Japan, innovative smart agriculture projects are emerging. One notable example in Tokyo uses private 5G technology. Private 5G offers more stable communication than public 5G, crucial for constant crop monitoring and immediate problem-solving. Initiated in 2020 by NTT AgriTechnology, the Tokyo Development Foundation for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, and NTT East, this three-year project established advanced greenhouses in Tokyo's Chofu City. Equipped with private 5G, ultra-high-resolution cameras, smart glasses, and sensors, the greenhouses automatically managed temperature and CO₂ levels to optimize(优化) crop growth, specifically tomatoes. The project is now in its third year. Workers with no farming experience were able to grow high- quality tomatoes with remote instruction, achieving even better yields from the second year forward, so results have been great.The project has also managed to establish a local production for local consumption model, with the tomatoes produced in these greenhouses sold within Chofu City or given to local elementary schools. The project drew inspiration from countries like the Netherlands, which excels in large-scale greenhouse horticulture despite its small size. However, adapting such models to Japan's diverse climate – featuring summer heatwaves, typhoons, and winter snows – and its lack of large-scale greenhouse expertise was challenging. The Tokyo team developed adaptable facilities, combining overseas insights with digitalization and labor management systems. This Tokyo-based model has attracted global attention, with agriculture professionals and researchers visiting from abroad. NTT AgriTechnology is now considering exporting these technologies, potentially offering solutions not only for Japan's agricultural issues but also for the global food crisis. 1. What risk does agricultural labor shortage pose in Japan according to paragraph 1? A. Its population. B. Its birthrate. C. Its food yields. D. Its import competitiveness. 2. What technology is emphasized for its stability in the Tokyo project? A. Public 5G networks. B. Smart glasses and sensors. C. Private 5G communication systems. D. Ultra-high-resolution cameras. 3. What does the “local production for local consumption model” in paragraph 4 reflect about the project? A. Its contribution to community development. B. Its focus on reducing transportation costs. C. Its lack of ability to expand to other regions. D. Its dependence on government financial support. 4. Why did the Tokyo team combine overseas insights with digitalization? A. To reduce the cost of greenhouse construction. B. To meet the high demand for tomatoes in Tokyo. C. To adapt to Japan's specific climate and technical conditions. D. To compete with Dutch large-scale greenhouse enterprises. 5. What is the author's attitude toward the Tokyo smart agriculture project? A. Neutral with no clear evaluation. B. Positive about its achievements and potential. C. Skeptical about its long-term effectiveness. D. Critical of its high implementation costs. B Airdropping(空投) food is the last-resort method in humanitarian(人道主义) crises, especially in urban areas. Dropping failures, though rare, can turn aid packages into deadly weapons. Moreover, it risks teaching children that food falls like military bombs, some unexploded and destructive. In Gaza(加沙), 2.2 million face food insecurity, with 576,600 nearing starvation. Daily, 1,870 tons of food are needed—equivalent to 850-gram rations for all. A single U.S. C-130 airdrop delivered just 38,000 meals (about 19 tons), feeding under 2% of Gazans. This is grossly insufficient. Some may think that something is better than nothing, but I think airdrops are a distraction from a more meaningful solution. Trucks are the obvious way to do it. Delivery by boat is also a possibility, but there are established road routes. However, Israel's(以色列) border restrictions have reduced the vital supply of aid to a small amount. While airdrops cannot solve Gaza's food crisis, they could be used to get urgently needed medical equipment to a hospital, or a generator part to a water pump. However, roads are still the best way to deliver these things, with lower cost and much less risk of theft or damage. International humanitarian law demands warring parties distinguish civilians from soldiers and prevent unnecessary suffering. Israel must stop its near-total aid blockade. The U.S. and Canada should use diplomacy(外交) to enforce UN calls for humanitarian access. Airdrops create headlines but distract from root causes: closed aid corridors. The choice between ineffective airdrops and the pressing need for open aid corridors in Gaza is clear. The international community must prioritize direct, safe, sufficient and dignified aid delivery to Gazans. We must match our actions with our humanitarian principles to truly serve those in desperate need. 6. What does the “military bombs” analogy(比喻) in paragraph 1 imply? A. Airdrops are efficient. B. They are weapons. C. Packages often explode. D. Kids may normalize danger. 7. Why does the author mention “medical equipment” and “generator parts” in paragraph 4? A. To prove airdrops are completely useless in Gaza. B. To emphasize the urgency of medical aid in Gaza. C. To suggest limited scenes where airdrops might be used. D. To compare the efficiency of airdrops and road transport. 8. What does “near-total aid blockade” mean in paragraph 5 ? A. Israel blocks aid almost entirely. B. Israel supports airdrops obviously. C. Israel prevents theft totally. D. Israel sends more aid voluntarily. 9. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Israel’s Aid Policies B. Trucks vs. Boats in Aid C. Airdrop Success in Gaza D. Gaza: Stop Airdrops, Open Roads （二）完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Dear editor,​ I'm a student in an ordinary agricultural university. As you know, few people think 10 of an agricultural university, especially one that is not 11 . It is far more difficult for a graduate from our university to 12 a satisfactory job than for those who 13 more respected subjects at a famous university with strong reputations. Most students from our university can 14 being treated coldly in competitive job markets.​ Last year a(n) 15 from our university attended a talent fair 16 in Guangzhou, a bustling（熙熙攘攘的）focus for career opportunities. He joined a queue to 17 his recommendation form for an interview, eager to showcase his practical expertise. When his 18 came, the interviewer, with a dismissive glance, asked, "Which university did you graduate from?"​ When the graduate told him the 19 of our university, the interviewer sneered（嘲笑）, “Never heard of it. Go! Next!” He waved his hand 20 even looking at the form, ignoring the graduate’s earnest request to show his skills and 21 in agricultural research.​ How 22 he was! I wondered what employers truly valued: blind preference to a famous university's name or genuine professional ability? It is true that ordinary university students may truly 23 key ones in some aspects, but that doesn't mean we're all incompetent. We're determined to prove ourselves through diligent efforts. With solid skills, we'll 24 our potential to the employers. Give us a fair chance!​ Yours,​ Li Hua​ 10. A. highly B. slightly C. lowly D. fully ​ 11. A. sustainable B. innovative C. practical D. distinguished ​ 12. A. accept B. cultivate C. obtain  D. quit 13. A. abandon B. pursue C. avoid D. drop ​ 14. A. regret B. anticipate  C. overcome D. advocate ​ 15. A. teacher B. graduate C. freshman D. expert ​ 16. A. made B. handed C. held D. given 17. A. submit B. share C. divide D. keep ​ 18. A. period B. time C. moment D. turn ​ 19. A. address B. code C. name D. sign 20. A. via B. besides C. through D. without​ 21. A. competence B. yields C. degrees D. papers 22. A. unfortunate B. normal C. clear D. exact 23. A. get ahead B. keep up C. fall behind D. catch up 24. A. demonstrate B. output C. assume D. remind （三）语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Loess Plateau (黄土高原), an area spanning more than 245,000 sq miles, supports about 100 million people. By the end of the 20th century, however, this land, once fertile and productive, was considered the most worn-down place on Earth. 25 (give) that centuries of farming broke down the soil, it in turn caused dust storms that choked cities and filled the Yellow River with silt. In 1999, China launched 26 pilot project named Grain to Green to regreen the plateau. Authorities devoted resources 27 banning tree-cutting and uncontrolled grazing (放牧) while promoting 28 (sustain) alternatives. The government provided subsidies (补贴) for converting farmland to grassland or forests and tried to convince farmers to participate. 29 the project achieved was significant: by 2016, vegetation cover increased by 25% in a decade. Soil erosion（侵蚀） sharply decreased, and wildlife returned as ecosystems recovered. 30 , challenges emerged. Some farmers resisted planting trees on cropland, arguing “future generations can't eat trees.” Early grain yields 31 (temporary) dropped, raising food security concerns. The 32 (assume) that mass planting of single species would work proved full of problems. Later, diverse species were introduced, but this in turn led to water issues as 33 (grow) forests reduced river water flow, potentially affecting human water supply. Despite 34 (difficulty), this large-scale environmental effort transformed the degraded land through strong government action and community cooperation. （四）应用文写作 假设你是交换生李华，现就读于英国某高中。该校新开辟了一块学生实践菜园（student practice garden），拟采用有机耕种方式。现面向全校征集具体的实施建议，请你给负责老师Mr. Green写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达参与意愿； 2. 提出两条具体种植建议（如：土壤改良、病虫害防治等）； 3. 说明建议的环保意义。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Green, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Book4 Unit 5 课时一 词汇、语法考点化训练（答案） 一、单元重点词汇练习：根据提示，写出单词的正确形式。 1. depth; deepen 2. assumptions 3. entirely 4. alternatives 5. shortage 6. expansion; expansive 7. nutritious; nutritional; 8. devotion; devoted; 9. consumption; consumers 10. convincing; convinced; convinced 二、选择适当的词块，并用其正确形式填空。 1. to keep; free from/of 2. was far from 3. had devoted; to 4. in turn 5. were ready for 三、请按要求完成句子 1. why; that. 2. have succeeded 3. It is in many developing countries that 4. What worries us is that 5. It is a critical issue how farmers adapt to climate change. 四、用括号中的句式把下列句子翻译成英文。 1. Yuan Longping’s greatest achievement is that he developed hybrid rice which feeds millions worldwide. 2. How we balance crop yields and environmental protection is a key challenge for modern agriculture. 3. Some chemical fertilizers are too harmful to the environment to be used long term. 4. Given that the global population keeps growing, increasing crop yields is essential. / Given that the global population keeps growing, it is essential to increase crop yields. 5. It is widely reported that organic farming has long-term benefits to/for soil. 五、阅读下面的语篇，在空白处填写正确的单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. crises 2. intensely 3. devoted 4. is convinced of 5. overcome 6. fertilizers 7. nutritious 8. is comprised of 9. For instance 10. chemicals 11. is rich in 12. tackle 13. poverty 14. attain 15. convincing 16. Conventional 17. alternative 18. vision 19. fulfill 20. essential Book4 Unit 5 课时二 阅读技能训练（答案） 一、阅读理解 体裁：说明文 题材：社会与科学 主题： BMF缩短食物到餐桌的距离 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一家旨在为人们提供新鲜食材的BMF公司，它不仅能为家庭和大型机构提供新鲜蔬菜，还能利用云技术远程监控和自动化操作，促进了可持续性和环保。 1. C 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】根据第一段中的最后一句While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.”可知，巴比伦微农场进一步缩短了运输路程。C项中的 cuts ... distance是文中shortens的同义替换。 2. B 【命题意图】考查具体信息。 【答案分析】根据convenient app 定位到第三段，由该段第三句 Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了实时的生长数据。B 项中的current是文中 real time的同义替换。 3. D 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】根据 BMF employees 定位到文章最后一段，由该段第一句BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.及最后一句 “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment, ” said a BMF employee.可知，BMF 的员工在日常生活中践行 可持续行为，并热衷于减少环境中的废弃物、碳排放和化学制品，由此推测，他们具有强烈的环保意识。故选D项。 4. A 【命题意图】考查主旨大意。 【答案分析】文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程，接着第二至第四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。综上所述，文章从各方面凸显了BMF的优势。故选A。 5.（1）创新的；可靠的 （2）预先播种了的 （3） 可持续性 （4） 减少；一次性的 （5）行走一段路程（熟词生义） （6）给..浇水（熟词生义） 【解题思路】 （1）根据innovate v.创新，革新—— innovative adj.创新的，革新的 （2）pre-是预先，seed n.种; v.播种 -ed done 是已完成的；pre-seeded adj.预先播种了的 （3）sustain v.维持，保持; ---bility:名词后缀，表示能力、性质、状态；故sustainability n.可持续性 （4）reduce v.减少 -tion 名词后缀；reduction n.减少; single adj.单一的，use使用----single-use adj.一次性的 二、语篇结构。 【导语】 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了将空地改造成菜园的一些建议。 6. E 【考点】因果关系 【详解】前文“As I was standing in a long line...into a garden”提到作者在杂货店排队买果蔬时想到把后院变成菜园，E项“它让我能够种植自己的食物并节省等待时间”解释了这样做的好处，与上文衔接紧密，同时引出下文关于改造菜园的建议，故选E项。 7.B 【考点】总结上文 【详解】前文“Before you start your work... which plants adapt well in your region”提到在动工前要考虑空间、阳光和温度，B项是对前文所要考虑因素的总结，即根据你的位置创造一个憧憬，故选B项。 8.F 【考点】总分关系（总结——具体实例） 【详解】前文“Set the stage with healthy soil... Different plants require different soil”提到不同植物需要不同的土壤，后文“Tomatoes want more clay for keeping water”以西红柿为例进行具体说明，因此F项“胡萝卜需要沙质土壤，因此它们的根能更容易生长”与后文一起具体说明不同植物对土壤有不同的需求，故选F项。 9. C 【考点】总结下文 【详解】后文“The decision depends on your preferences...They can bring chemicals into the soil as they break down from sunlight”讲述了选择容器的依据以及要远离装过有毒物质的容器，C项概括了本段主要内容，故选C项。 10.G 【考点】代词指代、首尾呼应 【详解】前文“In general, a seed is like a baby...Transplanting plants is for starters”提到种子需要大量呵护，新手可从移植植物开始，G项“它们是生长在小罐子里的几英寸高的植物”是对移植的植物的具体解释，与后文“They still need your love but they're not going to fall down and kill themselves”相呼应，故选G项。 三、完形填空。 11-15：ABCBD  16-20： BACDC    21-25：BCDAA 【导语】这篇文章介绍了法国女孩Sarah Toumi在突尼斯开展的反沙漠化项目，通过种植金合欢树和可持续农业实践来保护农田。 11. A。句意为从九岁起，她就陪同突尼斯籍的父亲回到该国东部的故乡，也就是在那时，她帮助他人的热情被唤醒了。A 选项 “was awakened”（被唤醒），“passion（热情）” 是内在情感，需要外界经历激发，“唤醒” 准确体现了她在回乡经历中，帮助他人的热情从潜在状态被激活的过程，符合语境。故选A。 12. B。句意同上。其他选项:A 选项 “left”（离开）不符合逻辑。C 选项 “joined”（加入）与句意无关。D 选项 “followed”（跟随）：强调 “跟在后面”，此处“accompanied” 更贴切。 13. C 句意为 “在那里，她为孩子们组织了作业俱乐部和活动”。C “organized”（组织)，“组织俱乐部和活动”符合 “帮助他人” 的热情。其他选项：A “expanded”（扩大）与B “managed”（管理）不符合语境。D “prepared”（准备）不符合逻辑。 14. B 句意为“Toumi亲眼目睹了沙漠化的破坏性影响”。根据下文沙漠化带来的危害是破坏性的。其他选项A “constructive”（建设性的）不符合逻辑。C “uncertain”（用不确定的）不符合语境。D“so-called”(所谓的）不符合句意。 15. D 句意为 “10年内，富裕的农民变得境况更糟，而从现在起 10年后，他们将一贫如洗”。D “worse off”（境况更糟的）与前文“rich”及后文“poor”形成递进，体现了“从富到穷” 的中间阶段，逻辑连贯。 16. B 句意为 “我想阻止撒哈拉沙漠继续蔓延”。“in its tracks” 意为 “在原地，阻止前进”，与 “stop” 搭配，表达了她想遏制沙漠化扩张的意图。其他选项：A“plan”（计划）不符合逻辑。C “observe”（观察）不符合句意，D “ignore”（忽视）不符合语境。 17. A 句意为 “降雨量减少和干旱加剧，导致突尼斯约 75% 的农田受到沙漠化威胁”。A “farmland”与后文明确提到 “protect Tunisia’s farmland（保护突尼斯的农田）”，前后呼应。 18. C 句意为“Toumi意识到农耕方式需要改变”。C “practices”（做法；方式）与后文 “种植可持续作物、使用新技术” 等具体做法相互连贯，语境一致。 19. D 句意为 “如果农民种植可持续作物、使用新的水处理技术，并专注于天然产品和肥料，小块土地也能带来丰厚回报”。其他选项：A“carry on”(执行）与 B “insist on”（坚持）不符合逻辑。C “act on”（按照…… 行动）不符合句意。 20. C. 句意为 “2012 年，Toumi搬到突尼斯，发起了‘全民金合欢’项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸实践”。文末明确提到 “extend the programme”，前后词汇呼应，语境一致。其他选项：A “basement”(地下室）不符合语篇；B“ambition”(雄心，抱负）不符合句意；D“exhibition”(展览）不符合逻辑。 21. B. 句意为 “2012年，Toumi搬到突尼斯，发起了‘全民金合欢’项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸实践”。“philosophy”（个人的理念、信条）熟词生义。其他选项：A “wisdom”(智慧）不符合句意，C“secret”(秘密）不符合逻辑；D“decision”（决定）不符合语境。 22. C 句意为 “我想向农村青年展示，他们可以在当地创造机会”。C “show”（展示）：通过实际行动（项目实施）让青年“看到”。其他选项：A “reach”（联系；到达）不符合句意。B “ask”（询问）及D “warn”（警告）与语境不符。 23. D 句意为 “没有人比他们更了解沙漠化和气候变化的影响”。其他选项：A “remind”（提醒）不符合逻辑。B “create”（创造）不符合语境。C “highlight”（强调）不符合句意。 24. A 句意为 “截至2016年9月，20个试验农场已种植超过13万棵金合欢树，存活率达 60%”。其他选项：B “death”（死亡）不符合逻辑。C “growth”（生长；成长）不符合语境。D “development”（发展）不符合句意。 25. A. 句意为 “Toumi估计，需要300万棵金合欢树来保护突尼斯的农田，她期望到 2018 年能种植100万棵。”其他选项：B “asking”（要求）不符合句意。C“struggling”（挣扎）不符合语境。D“complaining”（抱怨）不符合逻辑。 Book 4 Unit 5 课时三 写作技能训练（答案） （一）写作指导。（略） （二）写作训练。 第一步：写单句 1. Last week, Guangming Middle School successfully held the Science and Technology Festival on campus. 2. What attracted everyone most was the robot soccer match, where students controlled self-made robots to compete. 3. we watched how a small house was printed in just 10 minutes. 4. The meaning of this event is that it lights our passion for science. 5. This activity not only brought fun but also showed us how technology can shape tomorrow. 第二步：组语篇 Science and Technology Festival of Guangming Middle School Last week, Guangming Middle School successfully held the Science and Technology Festival on campus. What attracted everyone most was the robot soccer match, where students controlled self-made robots to compete. At the 3D printing stand, we watched how a small house was printed in just 10 minutes. Wang Ming, the leader of the Science Club, said: "The meaning of this event is that it ignites our passion for science." The festival ended with a speech by our principal. His belief is that science can change our future. This activity not only brought fun but also showed us how technology can shape tomorrow. Book4 Unit5 单元过关（答案） （一）阅读理解 A篇： 体裁：说明文 题材：农业科技 主题：日本通过私用5G技术发展智能农业应对劳动力短缺 【文章大意】日本因人口老龄化面临农业劳动力危机，东京千岁市通过私用5G温室项目实现高效番茄种植，建立“地产地销”模式，并计划推广技术至全球。 1. C 【命题意图】考查细节理解。 【答案分析】首段末句明确提到劳动力短缺“threatens Japan's food production and export competitiveness”，其中“food production”直接对应选项C的“food yields”（粮食产量）。选项A/B是劳动力短缺的原因而非后果，选项D的“import”（进口）与原文“export”（出口）相悖。 2. C 【命题意图】考查细节理解。 【答案分析】第二段指出私用5G“offers more stable communication than public 5G”，并强调稳定性对农作物监控至关重要。其他选项（智能眼镜、传感器、摄像机）虽被提及，但未突出“稳定性”这一核心优势，且选项A的“公网5G”被明确对比为稳定性较低的技术。 3. A 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】第三段说明番茄“在千岁市内销售或供给当地小学”，体现项目与社区的紧密联系（本地生产→本地消费）。选项B未提及运输成本；选项C与末段“吸引全球关注”矛盾；选项D的政府资助无文本依据。 4. C 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】 第四段明确解释荷兰模式需适配日本的“diverse climate”（夏季热浪/台风/冬季降雪）和“lack of large-scale greenhouse expertise”，故团队结合海外经验与数字化进行本土化改造。选项A/B/D均未在文中体现。 5. B 【命题意图】考查观点态度。 【答案分析】作者多次使用积极表述： 成果层面：“results have been great”（成果显著）、“better yields”（更高产量） 影响层面：“attracted global attention”（全球关注）、“offering solutions for global food crisis”（解决全球粮食危机），选项A未体现评价，选项C/D的负面态度与积极描述矛盾。 B篇： 体裁：议论文 题材：国际人道主义援助 主题：批判空投援助的低效性，呼吁开放加沙陆路援助通道。 【文章大意】空投是危机中的最后手段，但效率低下且存在安全风险。加沙需每日1,870吨食物，而一次美国空投仅19吨，远不足需求。作者强调卡车陆运是核心解决方案，但以色列的封锁导致援助锐减。国际社会应通过外交施压以色列开放边境，而非用空投转移对根本问题（援助走廊关闭）的关注。 6. D 【命题意图】考查推理判断。 【答案分析】第一段提到 “it risks teaching children that food falls like military bombs”，类比 “军事炸弹” 是为了说明儿童可能将食物空投与危险（炸弹）联系并习以为常，故 D 正确。A（高效）、B（是武器）、C（常爆炸）均与原文 “rare” “risk of teaching” 不符。 7. C 【命题意图】考查细节推理。 【答案分析】作者在第四段先否定空投解决食物危机的可行性，转而提出“可能用于紧急医疗设备或水泵零件”，但立即强调陆运仍是更优选择。此举旨在说明空投仅适用于极少数特定场景（C）。选项A（完全无用）过于绝对；B（强调医疗紧迫性）偏离段落重点；D（对比运输效率）非该例子核心目的。 8. A 【命题意图】考查词义理解。 【答案分析】结合上下文 “Israel's border restrictions have reduced the vital supply of aid” 和 “closed aid corridors”，“near-total aid blockade” 指以色列几乎全面封锁了陆路援助，故 A. “以色列几乎完全封锁援助。”正确。 B. 以色列明显支持空投。C. 以色列彻底防止盗窃。 D. 以色列自愿提供更多援助。均不符合文意。 9. D 【命题意图】考查主旨归纳。 【答案分析】全文批判空投、呼吁开放陆路，D 准确概括主旨。A（以色列援助政策）范围过宽，B（卡车 vs 船只）非重点，C（空投成功）与原文态度矛盾，故排除。 （二）完形填空 10-14 ADCBB 15-19 BCADC 20-24 DAACA 【导语】本文以学生李华的视角，通过真实案例揭露普通农业院校毕业生在求职中遭遇的 “名校偏好” 歧视，表达对雇主 “重院校名气、轻专业能力” 的质疑，同时强调普通院校学生的努力与潜力，呼吁就业市场给予公平竞争机会。 【解析】： 10. A。结合后文 “普通农业大学毕业生找满意工作更难” 可知，人们对农业大学评价不高。“think highly of” 是固定搭配，意为 “高度评价”，此处用其否定形式 “few people think highly of”（没人高度评价）符合语境；“slightly”（轻微地）、“lowly”（地位低地，不与 think 搭配表 “评价”）、“fully”（完全地）均不符合语义，故选 A。 11. D。前文提到 “没人高度评价农业大学”，此处 “especially” 进一步强调 “尤其是那些不著名的（农业大学）”。“distinguished” 意为 “著名的、卓越的”，符合语境；“sustainable”（可持续的）、“innovative”（创新的）、“practical”（实用的）均未体现 “学校名气” 这一核心关联点，故选 D。 12. C。根据语境，此处指 “毕业生获得（obtain）一份满意的工作”。“accept”（接受，侧重 “收到 offer 后选择接受”，而非 “找到工作” 的动作）、“cultivate”（培养，搭配 “技能、习惯” 等，不搭配 “job”）、“quit”（辞职，与 “找工作” 语义相反）均不符合，故选 C。 13. B。结合语境，句意为 “那些在知名大学攻读（pursue）更受尊重学科的学生”。“abandon”（放弃）、“avoid”（避免）、“drop”（放弃、停止，如 drop a subject “辍学某科目”）均与 “获得满意工作更容易” 的逻辑相悖，故选 B。 14. B。根据前文 “普通农业大学毕业生找工作难” 可知，他们能预料到（anticipate）在竞争激烈的就业市场中被冷遇。“regret”（后悔，侧重 “事后懊悔”，而非 “事前预料”）、“overcome”（克服，此处 “被冷遇” 是客观处境，无法 “克服”）、“advocate”（提倡，与 “被冷遇” 搭配语义不通），故选 B。 15. B。后文明确提到 “the graduate told him...”，可知此处指 “一名毕业生（graduate）参加招聘会”。“teacher”（老师，招聘会主要面向求职者，非教师）、“freshman”（大一新生，尚未毕业，不涉及求职）、“expert”（专家，语境未提及 “专家求职”，且与后文 “graduate” 身份冲突），故选 B。 16. C。“a talent fair held in Guangzhou” 中，“held” 是过去分词作后置定语，意为 “在广州举办的招聘会”，“hold a talent fair” 是固定搭配，表 “举办招聘会”；“made”（制作）、“handed”（传递）、“given”（给予）均无法与 “talent fair” 搭配表 “举办”，故选 C。 17. A。结合语境，“join a queue”（排队）是为了提交（submit）面试推荐表。“share”（分享）、“divide”（划分）、“keep”（保留）均不符合 “排队提交材料以获取面试机会” 的逻辑，故选 A。 18. D。前文提到 “joined a queue”（排队），此处指 “轮到他（的顺序）”，“one's turn” 是固定表达，意为 “某人的轮次”；“period”（时期，侧重一段时间）、“time”（时间，泛指 “时间”，不强调 “排队的轮次”）、“moment”（时刻，侧重 “某个瞬间”，而非 “排队到自己的顺序”），故选 D。 19. C。根据前文面试官问 “Which university did you graduate from?”（你从哪所大学毕业？），可知毕业生应回答学校的名字（name）。“address”（地址，面试官未问 “学校地址”）、“code”（代码，与 “大学” 搭配无意义）、“sign”（标志，不用于表达 “学校名称”），故选 C。 20. D。结合前文 “interviewer sneered”（面试官冷笑）、“Never heard of it. Go! Next!”（没听过，走开！下一个！）可知，面试官甚至没看（without looking at）推荐表就挥手让毕业生离开，体现其轻视态度。“via”（通过，表方式）、“besides”（除…… 之外）、“through”（穿过，表方位或方式）均不符合 “未看表” 的语义，故选 D。 21. A。结合前文 “eager to showcase his practical expertise”（渴望展示实用技能）可知，此处指 “毕业生展示农业研究方面的能力（competence）”。“yields”（产量，与 “展示技能” 无关）、“degrees”（学位，前文未提及 “学位” 相关话题）、“papers”（论文，语境侧重 “技能” 而非 “论文”），故选 A。 22. A。前文描述毕业生被面试官无礼对待、能力未被认可，可知作者认为毕业生很不幸（unfortunate）。“normal”（正常的，与作者同情毕业生的态度不符）、“clear”（清晰的，无法形容 “人” 的处境）、“exact”（精确的，不用于描述 “人” 的状态），故选 A。 23. C。结合后文 “but that doesn't mean we're all incompetent”（但不代表我们都无能）可知，此处表转折前的让步 —— 普通大学学生可能在某些方面落后于（fall behind）名牌大学学生。“get ahead”（领先，与后文转折逻辑相悖）、“keep up”（跟上，不符合 “让步” 语义）、“catch up”（赶上，侧重 “从落后到追上”，此处无 “追赶” 动作），故选 C。 24. A。根据前文 “We're determined to prove ourselves through diligent efforts”（我们决心通过努力证明自己）可知，此处指 “用扎实技能向雇主展示（demonstrate）潜力”。“output”（输出，侧重 “生产出某物”，不搭配 “potential”）、“assume”（假设，与 “证明自己” 的语境不符）、“remind”（提醒，语义不通），故选 A。 （三）语法填空 25.Given 26.a 27.to 28.sustainable 29.What 30.However 31.temporarily 32.assumption 33.growing 34.difficulties 【导语】 本文为说明文，主题为中国黄土高原生态修复工程的辩证成果（成就与挑战并存）。 25. Given 考点类型：非谓语动词（分词作状语）。句意：考虑到几个世纪的农耕破坏了土壤，这反过来引发了沙尘暴，淹没了城市并使黄河充满泥沙。解析：空格后为从句“that centuries of farming...”，需填分词引出原因状语。被动含义“被给出条件”符合“鉴于/考虑到”的语境，故用 Given（Given that = 考虑到/鉴于）。 26. a 考点类型：冠词（定冠词表特指）。句意：1999年，中国启动了一项名为“退耕还林”的试点工程。解析：“pilot project”（试点项目）是一个可数名词单数形式，首次在文章中被提及，需用不定冠词 a。 27. to 考点类型：固定搭配（devote... to...）。句意：当局投入资源禁止伐木和无节制放牧，同时推广可持续的替代做法。解析：“devote resources to”为固定搭配，表“将资源投入...”。 28. sustainable 考点类型：词性转换（动词→形容词）。句意：当局投入资源禁止伐木和无节制放牧，同时推广可持续的替代做法。解析：空格修饰名词“alternatives”，需形容词。sustain（动词）→ sustainable（形容词，“可持续的”）。 29. What 考点类型：名词性从句（主语从句引导词）。句意：该工程取得的成就是显著的... 解析：空格后为完整句子“the project achieved was significant”，缺主语从句引导词，且“achieved”缺宾语，故填 What（= the thing that）。 30. However 考点类型：逻辑衔接（转折关系）。句意：然而，挑战出现了。解析：前段描述成果，本段转向问题“challenges emerged”，需转折副词 However（位于句首，后接逗号）。 31. temporarily 考点类型：词性转换（形容词→副词）。句意：早期的粮食产量暂时下降，引发粮食安全担忧。解析：空格修饰动词“dropped”，需副词。temporary（形容词）→ temporarily（副词，“暂时地”）。 32. assumption 考点类型：词性转换（动词→名词）。句意：认为大规模种植单一物种会有效的假设被证明是有问题的。解析：定冠词“The”后需名词，且后接同位语从句“that mass planting...”。assume（动词）→ assumption（名词，"假设"）。 33. growing 考点类型：非谓语动词（现在分词作定语）。句意：因为生长的森林减少了河川径流... 解析：空格修饰“forests”，表主动进行（森林持续生长导致水资源减少），用现在分词 growing。 34. difficulties 考点类型：名词复数形式。句意：尽管存在困难，这项大规模环境工程... 解析：介词“Despite”后接名词，且前文提及多种挑战（农民抵制、粮食减产、水资源问题），需用复数 difficulties。 （四）应用文写作 One possible version: Dear Mr. Green, As an exchange student passionate about sustainable agriculture, I'm eager to participate in our new organic garden project. Here are two suggestions. Firstly, it is highly recommended to use kitchen waste from the cafeteria to make fertilizer, which enriches soil naturally without chemicals. Secondly, planting marigolds alongside vegetables can drive insects away organically, reducing the need for pesticides. Not only do these methods ensure healthy produce but also minimize environmental harm by recycling resources and protecting biodiversity. I'd love to help implement them. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $