选择性必修第一册 课时冲关21 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND（教用版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（人教版）

高考总复习 英语 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND 学生用书课时冲关21P302 .阅读A 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：开发机器人及其促进无化学耕作 What if robots could reduce chemicals and 2.What does the underlined word "detrimental" improve soil health?That's what a team of un- in Paragraph 4 mean? dergraduate engineers from Olin College of Engi- A.Harmful. B.Resistant. neering has accomplished with the development C.Essential. D.Sensitive. of PhoenixBot,a robot that uses artificial intelli- 3.What does Brendan Dowdle emphasize about gence(AI)to autonomously navigate(导航)and the Olin team's project? weed row-crop fields with minimal soil disturb- A.It proves the necessity for innovation. ance,in what is universally a time-consuming and la- B.It will replace human labor in farming. bor-intensive task for small farms. C.It shows a trend in future farming. The team cooperated with farmers at The D.It will increase the number of small farms. Trustees'Powisset Farm,a working community- 4.What does the text say about the College's course? supported agriculture farm with over 300 years of A.It focuses on winning recognition. agricultural history in Dover,Mass. B.It provides students with marketing skills. "We spent about a month interviewing local C.It equips students for real-world challenges. farmers,and one of the things that arose from D.It is specifically targeted at innovative students. those conversations was the difficulty of wee- [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍奥林 ding,especially on small farms,"said Kenechuc- 工程学院团队开发的PhoenixBot机器人及其促 wu Mbanisi,Assistant Professor of Robotics En 进无化学耕作的作用与意义。 gineering and PhoenixBot team advisor. l.B[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The con "The conventional approach to weeding is to ventional approach to weeding is to use chemi- use chemicals,which can be detrimental to crops cals,...safely uproots weeds around crop and has other environmental impacts.We decided plants without the use of chemicals.(传统的除 to focus on building a robotic weeding system 草方法是使用化学药品，这可能对作物有害并 that minimally disturbs the soil and safely up- 产生其他环境影响。我们决定专注于开发一种 roots weeds around crop plants without the use of 机器人除草系统，该系统能最小程度地扰动土 chemicals.” 壤，并在不使用化学药品的情况下安全地将作 During the year-long contest,the team en- 物周围的杂草连根拔起。)”可知，PhoenixBot的 gaged with growers about their pain points and 主要目的是推动无化学物质的耕作方式。] 2.A[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The con challenges and then developed creative solutions ventional approach to weeding is to use chemi- using the farm-ng Amiga robot platform.They cals(传统的除草方法是使用化学药剂)”可知， used Al,machine learning,automation,coding and 传统除草使用的化学药品会造成环境影响，结 fabrication to advance innovation in agriculture. "Not only does the challenge demonstrate 合画线单词后的“We decided to focus on build the future of farming with robotics,but it's also ing a robotic weeding system that minimally disturbs the soil and safely uproots weeds encouraging the next generation of engineers to around crop plants without the use of chemi- focus their talents on the challenges that exist in growing our food,"said Brendan Dowdle,CEO cals.”可知，为应对化学药剂对土壤的影响，而 研发一种机器人除草系统，由此推断画线单词“det of farm-ng. rimental”意为“有害的”，与“harmful"”含义一致。] Founded just twenty-eight years ago,Olin 3.C[逻辑推理题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Not College of Engineering has made a name for itself only does the challenge demonstrate the future in the world of undergraduate engineering educa- of farming with robotics,but it's also encoura- tion.The course at the College is designed to pro- ging the next generation of engineers to focus vide students with hands-on experiences and pre- their talents on the challenges that exist in pare them to make practical change.Students growing our food,'said Brendan Dowdle, complete dozens of projects over their four years, CEO of farm-ng.”可知，这项挑战激励下一代 which prepares them well for the workforce of to- 工程师将自身才华聚焦于粮食种植过程中存在 day and tomorrow.The world needs more engi- 的各项挑战，由此可推断，Brendan Dowdle强调该 neers,like Olin students and graduates,who care 项目展示了未来农业使用机器人技术的趋势。] about the planet and engineering a more sustain- 4.C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The able future. course at the College is designed to provide 1.What is the main purpose of PhoenixBot? students with hands-on experiences and pre A.To improve the output of crops. pare them to make practical change..(学院的课 B.To promote chemical-free farming. 程旨在为学生提供实践经验，并让他们为实际 C.To advance robotic engineering. 的变革做好准备。)”可知，该学院的课程使学生 D.To monitor the quality of the soil. 具备应对现实挑战的能力。] ·396· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 阅读B 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：“我的学校农场” The best ideas are often so smart,so simple 5.Why was Farm My School founded? and so clearly needed;it's strange to discover A.To raise the income of the local people. they don't already exist.So it is with Farm My B.To advocate a commercial farming plan. School,a program that's turning underused land C.To provide free food for local communities. at secondary schools into commercially achieva- D.To turn underused campus land into market ble,regenerative market gardens farmed by and gardens for local communities. 6.How do schools involve students into the pro- Co-founded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and gram? A.By developing program-based courses. regenerative educator James McLennan,Farm B.By organizing voluntary work in communi- My School connects local people and organiza- ties. tions through volunteering that helps establish a C.By offering them part-time jobs in the mar- school's market garden.Students learn about ket gardens. community networks,healthy eating,ecological D.By encouraging them to produce daily vege- responsibility,waste reduction and climate relief table boxes. while helping with food production.Schools in- 7.What does the underlined word“buy-in”mean tegrate all these into their courses while produ- in Paragraph 3? cing vegetable boxes every week that feed local A.Competition. B.Investment. families,supply the school's food needs and ulti- C.Support. D.Protection. mately pay the farmer's salary. 8.What is the highlight of the program according Farm My School has gained the extraordina- to Ben? ry enthusiasm of the locals,who answered an on- A.It brings in money to support the school. line shout-out to buy tickets to the program's B.The school farm will be able to last long. launch event at Bell Secondary School last Octo- C.The local people will take care of the farm. ber.Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival,the D.Students connect more with the outside world. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述 event featured workshops by Ben and James to 了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地 share the skills required to build what they say is 转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地 the world's largest no-dig garden."It was such a 社区耕种并为当地社区服务。 powerful event,and I think that comes down to 5.D[细节理解题。根据第一段中“So it is with people wanting to act now,”says James.“We Farm My School,a program that's turning un- charged for the experience and 600 guys turned derused land at secondary schools into commer- up!They didn't even need free drinks to get ex- cially achievable,regenerative market gardens cited.We were gardening till midnight.It was farmed by and for local communities.(‘我的学 amazing.We've got true community buy-in. 校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利 Volunteers have since begun beneficial plant- 用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园， ing throughout the school.Next steps include 由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。)”可知， further discussions with local communities,em- “我的学校农场”是为了把未充分利用的校园土 ploying a farmer,and bringing in a teacher to de- 地变成市场花园而建立的。] velop courses."We've seen this huge push to- 6.A[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students learn about community networks,healthy eat- wards seeing schools as regenerative spaces,not ing,ecological responsibility,waste reduction just for planting but for kids to be more connect- and climate relief while helping with food pro ed to the outside world,and really seeing the duction.Schools integrate all these into their school in a whole new light,”James says.“For courses while producing vegetable boxes every us,the big excitement is that by allowing a pro- week that feed local families,supply the fessional farmer to take the responsibility of school's food needs and ultimately pay the growing food,it's not only on the school to look farmer's salary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同 after that farm anymore,which eventually makes 时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废 it much more sustainable,adds Ben. 物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的 397· 高考总复习英语 课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供 区buy-in。)”其中画线词应为“支持，认可”的 食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的 意思。] 工资。)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让 8.B[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘For us, 学生参与到项目中来。] the big excitement is that by allowing a profes- 7.C[词义猜测题。画线词句前文“We charged sional farmer to take the responsibility of for the experience and 600 guys turned up! growing food,it's not only on the school to They didn't even need free drinks to get excit- look after that farm anymore,which eventually ed.We were gardening till midnight.It was makes it much more sustainable,'adds Ben. amazing.(我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！ (Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是， 他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们 允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅 做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了。)”说明大家 是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续 很支持这个项目，从而推知画线词句“We've got 性。)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够 true community buy-in.（我们得到了真正的社 持续很长时间。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五主题：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：动植物的杂交条件及结果 You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物 E.Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature )in films or books.The centaurs in the Harry Pot- is a good thing. ter films are hybrids of human and horse.1 F.Many conservationists think that creating hy Hybridization occurs in both plants and ani- brids is a bad thing. mals.2 What's more,many plants that peo- G.Living things,especially plants,will naturally ple eat,from strawberries to carrots,corn and hybridize in the wild. potatoes,have been created by hybridization. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍 Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs 了动植物的杂交并且举例说明其发生条件以及 when animals'normal territory overlaps(部分重 结果。 )3 The grolar bear is a hybrid that hap- 1.D[根据上文“《哈利·波特》系列电影中的半 pens when grizzly and polar bears mate.As the 人马是人和马的杂交物种”以及下文“杂交在动 environment warms,grizzlies in Alaska and Can- 植物界都会发生”可知，空处起着承上启下的作 ada wander further north,bringing them into 用，D项（你知道自然世界里也有杂交物种吗？） contact with polar bears. 符合语境。] Artificial mixing often happens in zoos, 2.G[下文提到许多植物都是通过杂交培育出来 where different species that don't normally meet 的，可知本段主要谈论植物的杂交，G项（生物， in the wild can be introduced to each other.Li- 尤其是植物，会在野外自然杂交。)中“especially plants'”与下文有对应关系，符合语境。] gers(lion and tiger hybrids)are unlikely to occur 3.C[根据上文“杂交有时发生在动物的领地重 in nature,because the only place that their habi- 叠的时候”以及下文说到北极灰熊是杂交后代 tats overlap is the Gir Forest in India.4 并指出气候变暖可知，C项（这是由于栖息地破 Mixed species are more likely to be born with 坏或气候变化。)中“That's due to”指代上文 health issues than other animals.Most hybrids “Cross-breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs”的发 born in zoos are infertile,which means they are 生条件，并引出下文举例说明发生领地重叠的 unable to have babies.However,many cross- 原因，符合语境。] breeds born in the wild,like the grolar bear,can 4.F[下文指出，混合物种出生时有可能带有健 have their own babies. 康问题，可推断此处是对杂交的消极看法，可知 5_“It's part of the evolutionary process,”he F项（许多环保主义者认为创造杂交物种是一 says.Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a 件坏事。)中“a bad thing”与下文“health issues” new species and increase the variety of living 有对应关系，符合语境。] things. 5.E[下文提到有繁殖能力的杂交物种可以导致 A.Wildlife conservation is of significance. 新物种的产生，并增加生物的种类，结合“he B.Did you know hybridization is a biological process? says”可知，此处是一个人对杂交的积极态度和 C.That's due to habitat destruction or changing 看法，E项（吉米相信自然界中的物种杂交是一 climate. 件好事。)中“a good thing'”与下文的“lead to the D.Did you know that hybrids appear in the natu- creation”以及“increase the variety”形成对应关 ral world,too? 系，符合语境。] ·398· 基础必备选择性必修第一册 Ⅲ.读后续写 主题：人与自我 体裁：记叙文 话题：勇气之旅 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续 [参考范文] 写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Tom found shelter behind a large rock and A Journey of Courage took a moment to think.He had read about this in Tom had always dreamed of climbing mountains. the mountaineering books:when the weather As a child,he would spend hours reading adven- turns dangerous,it's often best to stop and wait ture books about explorers who scaled the tallest peaks in the world.He admired their bravery and it out.Cold and a little frightened,Tom thought determination,and he promised himself that one of calling for rescue for a moment.But Tom was day,he would stand on top of a mountain and so close to the top and his dream.He thought,if look out at the world below. he had quitted this time,he would feel regretful When Tom turned 18,he decided that it was in his later life.He didn't want to give up now. time to make his dream a reality.He spent After a few minutes,he made up his mind.He months training,hiking through forests and would continue,but he would be extra cautious. climbing smaller hills to build up his strength and Step by step,Tom made his way up the stamina(耐力).He read books on mountaineer mountain,carefully placing his hands and feet ing,learned how to use climbing gear(装备)， and practiced tying knots.His goal was to climb on the rock,testing every hold be fore moving Mount Peakstone,a challenging mountain known forward.His muscles ached,and the cold cut for its difficult terrain and unpredictable through his clothes,but he focused on the goal. weather. After what felt like hours,he finally reached the On the day of the climb,Tom felt both ex- summit.The wind had died down,and the clouds cited and nervous.He packed his gear carefully- began to clear,revealing a breathtaking view of warm clothes,food,water,and his climbing the world below.Tom stood there,tired and ex- equipment.As he stood at the base of the moun- hausted,but filled with a sense of accomplish- tain,he looked up at the towering peak.It ment.As he looked out at the vast landscape,he seemed much taller in person than it did in the realized that the journey had taught him more pictures he had seen.For a moment,doubt crept than just how to climb a mountain.It had taught into his mind.Could he really do this? But Tom pushed the doubt aside.He had him the importance of perseverance,courage, come too far to turn back now.With a deep and believing in himself,even when things breath,he began his ascent().The first part seemed impossible.The mountain had tested of the climb was relatively easy.The weather was him,but in the end,he proved to himself that he clear,and the path was well-marked.As he was capable of achieving his dream. climbed higher,the air grew colder,and the [语篇解读]本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了 wind picked up,but Tom pressed on,determined Tom从小就有着登上高山的梦想，为此他苦练自 to reach the top. 己的体力和耐力，阅读有关登山的书籍和人物故 About halfway up the mountain,the weath- 事，为自己登上高峰做了充足的准备。当他最终 er took a sudden turn for the worse.Dark clouds gathered overhead,and snow began to fall heavi- 去登山时，一开始很顺利，但到达半山腰时天气变 ly.The wind howled,making it difficult to see 得恶劣，迫使他停下来思考是继续攀登还是就此 and even harder to keep his balance.Tom's heart 停下来。 pounded in his chest.He knew he had to make a [详解] decision-should he continue climbing,or should 1.段落续写： he turn back? ①由第一段首句内容“汤姆在一块大岩石后发 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 现了一处躲避处，他躲在那儿思考着。”可知，第 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 一段可描写汤姆的内心活动，到底是继续攀登 Tom found shelter behind a large rock and 还是请求救援放弃登山。由第二段的首句可 took a moment to think. 知，在第一段的后面一定是汤姆坚定信心继续 登山。 ②由第二段首句内容“汤姆极其谨慎地攀登。” Step by step,Tom made his way up the 可知，第二段可描写汤姆登山的艰难过程以及 mountain,carefully placing his hands and feet on 他如何克服困难到达山顶，最后要有感而发，呼 the rock,testing every hold before moving for- 应文章主题。 ward. 2.续写线索： 汤姆向往登山一汤姆为登山做好各方面准备 开始登山一途中遇挫一决定克服困难继续攀 登一艰难登上山顶及感悟 ·399·