选择性必修第一册 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（人教版）

**基本信息** 以“人与社会/自然/自我”主题为统领，整合说明文与记叙文阅读及写作，通过题型专项解法与语篇逻辑分析，系统提升语言理解、思维推理及文化感知能力。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读A|4题（机器人除草）|细节定位、词义语境推断、逻辑推理|环保科技主题，衔接“人与社会”，强化信息筛选与推理能力| |阅读B|4题（学校农场）|细节理解、课程整合分析、词义指代|社区农业主题，深化“人与社会”，培养跨文本信息整合| |阅读七选五|5题（杂交物种）|上下文逻辑衔接、观点匹配|生物杂交主题，体现“人与自然”，训练语篇结构思维| |读后续写|1题（勇气之旅）|情节发展、主题升华、情感表达|个人成长主题，聚焦“人与自我”，提升叙事连贯与价值表达|

UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND 学生用书　课时冲关21　P302 Ⅰ.阅读A 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：开发机器人及其促进无化学耕作 What if robots could reduce chemicals and improve soil health? That's what a team of undergraduate engineers from Olin College of Engineering has accomplished with the development of PhoenixBot, a robot that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to autonomously navigate(导航) and weed row­crop fields with minimal soil disturbance, in what is universally a time­consuming and labor­intensive task for small farms. The team cooperated with farmers at The Trustees' Powisset Farm, a working community­supported agriculture farm with over 300 years of agricultural history in Dover, Mass. “We spent about a month interviewing local farmers, and one of the things that arose from those conversations was the difficulty of weeding, especially on small farms，” said Kenechucwu Mbanisi, Assistant Professor of Robotics Engineering and PhoenixBot team advisor. “The conventional approach to weeding is to use chemicals, which can be detrimental to crops and has other environmental impacts.We decided to focus on building a robotic weeding system that minimally disturbs the soil and safely uproots weeds around crop plants without the use of chemicals.” During the year­long contest, the team engaged with growers about their pain points and challenges and then developed creative solutions using the farm­ng Amiga robot platform.They used AI, machine learning, automation, coding and fabrication to advance innovation in agriculture. “Not only does the challenge demonstrate the future of farming with robotics, but it's also encouraging the next generation of engineers to focus their talents on the challenges that exist in growing our food，” said Brendan Dowdle, CEO of farm­ng. Founded just twenty­eight years ago, Olin College of Engineering has made a name for itself in the world of undergraduate engineering education.The course at the College is designed to provide students with hands­on experiences and prepare them to make practical change.Students complete dozens of projects over their four years, which prepares them well for the workforce of today and tomorrow.The world needs more engineers, like Olin students and graduates, who care about the planet and engineering a more sustainable future. 1．What is the main purpose of PhoenixBot? A．To improve the output of crops. B．To promote chemical­free farming. C．To advance robotic engineering. D．To monitor the quality of the soil. 2．What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Harmful.　　　　　　　 B．Resistant. C．Essential. D．Sensitive. 3．What does Brendan Dowdle emphasize about the Olin team's project? A．It proves the necessity for innovation. B．It will replace human labor in farming. C．It shows a trend in future farming. D．It will increase the number of small farms. 4．What does the text say about the College's course? A．It focuses on winning recognition. B．It provides students with marketing skills. C．It equips students for real­world challenges. D．It is specifically targeted at innovative students. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍奥林工程学院团队开发的PhoenixBot机器人及其促进无化学耕作的作用与意义。 1．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The conventional approach to weeding is to use chemicals，...safely uproots weeds around crop plants without the use of chemicals.(传统的除草方法是使用化学药品，这可能对作物有害并产生其他环境影响。我们决定专注于开发一种机器人除草系统，该系统能最小程度地扰动土壤，并在不使用化学药品的情况下安全地将作物周围的杂草连根拔起。)”可知，PhoenixBot的主要目的是推动无化学物质的耕作方式。] 2．A　[词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The conventional approach to weeding is to use chemicals(传统的除草方法是使用化学药剂)”可知，传统除草使用的化学药品会造成环境影响，结合画线单词后的“We decided to focus on building a robotic weeding system that minimally disturbs the soil and safely uproots weeds around crop plants without the use of chemicals.”可知，为应对化学药剂对土壤的影响，而研发一种机器人除草系统，由此推断画线单词“detrimental”意为“有害的”，与“harmful”含义一致。] 3．C　[逻辑推理题。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Not only does the challenge demonstrate the future of farming with robotics, but it's also encouraging the next generation of engineers to focus their talents on the challenges that exist in growing our food，’ said Brendan Dowdle, CEO of farm­ng.”可知，这项挑战激励下一代工程师将自身才华聚焦于粮食种植过程中存在的各项挑战，由此可推断，Brendan Dowdle强调该项目展示了未来农业使用机器人技术的趋势。] 4．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The course at the College is designed to provide students with hands­on experiences and prepare them to make practical change.(学院的课程旨在为学生提供实践经验，并让他们为实际的变革做好准备。)”可知，该学院的课程使学生具备应对现实挑战的能力。] 阅读B 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：“我的学校农场” The best ideas are often so smart, so simple and so clearly needed; it's strange to discover they don't already exist. So it is with Farm My School, a program that's turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities. Cofounded by permaculturist Ben Shaw and regenerative educator James McLennan, Farm My School connects local people and organizations through volunteering that helps establish a school's market garden. Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school's food needs and ultimately pay the farmer's salary. Farm My School has gained the extraordinary enthusiasm of the locals, who answered an online shoutout to buy tickets to the program's launch event at Bell Secondary School last October. Called Build A Farm in a Day Festival, the event featured workshops by Ben and James to share the skills required to build what they say is the world's largest nodig garden. “It was such a powerful event, and I think that comes down to people wanting to act now，” says James. “We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn't even need free drinks to get excited.We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. We've got true community buyin.” Volunteers have since begun beneficial planting throughout the school. Next steps include further discussions with local communities, employing a farmer, and bringing in a teacher to develop courses. “We've seen this huge push towards seeing schools as regenerative spaces, not just for planting but for kids to be more connected to the outside world, and really seeing the school in a whole new light，” James says. “For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it's not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable，” adds Ben. 5．Why was Farm My School founded? A．To raise the income of the local people. B．To advocate a commercial farming plan. C．To provide free food for local communities. D．To turn underused campus land into market gardens. 6．How do schools involve students into the program? A．By developing programbased courses. B．By organizing voluntary work in communities. C．By offering them parttime jobs in the market gardens. D．By encouraging them to produce daily vegetable boxes. 7．What does the underlined word “buyin” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Competition.　　　 B．Investment. C．Support. D．Protection. 8．What is the highlight of the program according to Ben? A．It brings in money to support the school. B．The school farm will be able to last long. C．The local people will take care of the farm. D．Students connect more with the outside world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“我的学校农场”项目将中学未充分利用的土地转化为商业上可实现的可再生市场菜园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。 5．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“So it is with Farm My School, a program that's turning underused land at secondary schools into commercially achievable, regenerative market gardens farmed by and for local communities.(‘我的学校农场’项目也是如此，该项目将中学未充分利用的土地变成商业上可实现的再生市场花园，由当地社区耕种并为当地社区服务。)”可知，“我的学校农场”是为了把未充分利用的校园土地变成市场花园而建立的。] 6．A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Students learn about community networks, healthy eating, ecological responsibility, waste reduction and climate relief while helping with food production. Schools integrate all these into their courses while producing vegetable boxes every week that feed local families, supply the school's food needs and ultimately pay the farmer's salary.(学生们在帮助粮食生产的同时，学习社区网络、健康饮食、生态责任、减少废物和缓解气候。学校将所有这些整合到他们的课程中，同时每周生产蔬菜盒，为当地家庭提供食物，满足学校的食物需求，并最终支付农民的工资。)”可知，学校通过开发基于项目的课程让学生参与到项目中来。] 7．C　[词义猜测题。画线词句前文“We charged for the experience and 600 guys turned up! They didn't even need free drinks to get excited.We were gardening till midnight. It was amazing. (我们收取了体验费，600个人来了！他们甚至不需要免费饮料就能兴奋起来。我们做园艺一直干到半夜。太神奇了。)”说明大家很支持这个项目，从而推知画线词句“We've got true community buyin.(我们得到了真正的社区buyin。)”其中画线词应为“支持，认可”的意思。] 8．B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘For us, the big excitement is that by allowing a professional farmer to take the responsibility of growing food, it's not only on the school to look after that farm anymore, which eventually makes it much more sustainable，’ adds Ben.(Ben补充说：‘对我们来说，最令人兴奋的是，允许专业农民承担种植食物的责任，不再仅仅是学校来照看农场，这最终使它更具可持续性。’)”可知，该项目的亮点是学校农场将能够持续很长时间。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：动植物的杂交条件及结果 You've probably heard of a hybrid(杂交物种)in films or books. The centaurs in the Harry Potter films are hybrids of human and horse. __1__ Hybridization occurs in both plants and animals. __2__ What's more, many plants that people eat, from strawberries to carrots, corn and potatoes, have been created by hybridization. Cross­breeding(杂交) sometimes occurs when animals' normal territory overlaps(部分重叠). __3__ The grolar bear is a hybrid that happens when grizzly and polar bears mate. As the environment warms, grizzlies in Alaska and Canada wander further north, bringing them into contact with polar bears. Artificial mixing often happens in zoos，where different species that don't normally meet in the wild can be introduced to each other. Ligers(lion and tiger hybrids) are unlikely to occur in nature, because the only place that their habitats overlap is the Gir Forest in India. __4__ Mixed species are more likely to be born with health issues than other animals. Most hybrids born in zoos are infertile, which means they are unable to have babies. However, many cross­breeds born in the wild, like the grolar bear, can have their own babies. __5__ “It's part of the evolutionary process，” he says. Fertile hybrids can lead to the creation of a new species and increase the variety of living things. A．Wildlife conservation is of significance. B．Did you know hybridization is a biological process? C．That's due to habitat destruction or changing climate. D．Did you know that hybrids appear in the natural world，too? E．Jimmy believes species hybridization in nature is a good thing. F．Many conservationists think that creating hybrids is a bad thing. G．Living things，especially plants，will naturally hybridize in the wild. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动植物的杂交并且举例说明其发生条件以及结果。 1．D　[根据上文“《哈利·波特》系列电影中的半人马是人和马的杂交物种”以及下文“杂交在动植物界都会发生”可知，空处起着承上启下的作用，D项(你知道自然世界里也有杂交物种吗？)符合语境。] 2．G　[下文提到许多植物都是通过杂交培育出来的，可知本段主要谈论植物的杂交，G项(生物，尤其是植物，会在野外自然杂交。)中“especially plants”与下文有对应关系，符合语境。] 3．C　[根据上文“杂交有时发生在动物的领地重叠的时候”以及下文说到北极灰熊是杂交后代并指出气候变暖可知，C项(这是由于栖息地破坏或气候变化。)中“That's due to”指代上文“Cross­breeding(杂交)sometimes occurs”的发生条件，并引出下文举例说明发生领地重叠的原因，符合语境。] 4．F　[下文指出，混合物种出生时有可能带有健康问题，可推断此处是对杂交的消极看法，可知F项(许多环保主义者认为创造杂交物种是一件坏事。)中“a bad thing”与下文“health issues”有对应关系，符合语境。] 5．E　[下文提到有繁殖能力的杂交物种可以导致新物种的产生，并增加生物的种类，结合“he says”可知，此处是一个人对杂交的积极态度和看法，E项(吉米相信自然界中的物种杂交是一件好事。)中“a good thing”与下文的“lead to the creation”以及“increase the variety”形成对应关系，符合语境。] Ⅲ.读后续写 主题：人与自我 体裁：记叙文 话题：勇气之旅 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Journey of Courage Tom had always dreamed of climbing mountains. As a child, he would spend hours reading adventure books about explorers who scaled the tallest peaks in the world.He admired their bravery and determination, and he promised himself that one day, he would stand on top of a mountain and look out at the world below. When Tom turned 18, he decided that it was time to make his dream a reality.He spent months training, hiking through forests and climbing smaller hills to build up his strength and stamina(耐力)．He read books on mountaineering, learned how to use climbing gear(装备), and practiced tying knots.His goal was to climb Mount Peakstone, a challenging mountain known for its difficult terrain(地形) and unpredictable weather. On the day of the climb, Tom felt both excited and nervous.He packed his gear carefully—warm clothes, food, water, and his climbing equipment.As he stood at the base of the mountain, he looked up at the towering peak.It seemed much taller in person than it did in the pictures he had seen.For a moment, doubt crept into his mind.Could he really do this? But Tom pushed the doubt aside.He had come too far to turn back now.With a deep breath, he began his ascent(攀登)．The first part of the climb was relatively easy.The weather was clear, and the path was well­marked.As he climbed higher, the air grew colder, and the wind picked up, but Tom pressed on, determined to reach the top. About halfway up the mountain, the weather took a sudden turn for the worse.Dark clouds gathered overhead, and snow began to fall heavily.The wind howled, making it difficult to see and even harder to keep his balance.Tom's heart pounded in his chest.He knew he had to make a decision—should he continue climbing, or should he turn back? 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Tom found shelter behind a large rock and took a moment to think.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Step by step, Tom made his way up the mountain, carefully placing his hands and feet on the rock, testing every hold before moving forward.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Tom found shelter behind a large rock and took a moment to think. He had read about this in the mountaineering books: when the weather turns dangerous, it's often best to stop and wait it out.Cold and a little frightened, Tom thought of calling for rescue for a moment.But Tom was so close to the top and his dream.He thought, if he had quitted this time, he would feel regretful in his later life.He didn't want to give up now.After a few minutes, he made up his mind.He would continue, but he would be extra cautious. Step by step, Tom made his way up the mountain, carefully placing his hands and feet on the rock, testing every hold before moving forward. His muscles ached, and the cold cut through his clothes, but he focused on the goal.After what felt like hours, he finally reached the summit.The wind had died down, and the clouds began to clear, revealing a breathtaking view of the world below.Tom stood there, tired and exhausted, but filled with a sense of accomplishment.As he looked out at the vast landscape, he realized that the journey had taught him more than just how to climb a mountain.It had taught him the importance of perseverance, courage, and believing in himself, even when things seemed impossible.The mountain had tested him, but in the end, he proved to himself that he was capable of achieving his dream. [语篇解读]　本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了Tom从小就有着登上高山的梦想，为此他苦练自己的体力和耐力，阅读有关登山的书籍和人物故事，为自己登上高峰做了充足的准备。当他最终去登山时，一开始很顺利，但到达半山腰时天气变得恶劣，迫使他停下来思考是继续攀登还是就此停下来。 [详解] 1．段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“汤姆在一块大岩石后发现了一处躲避处，他躲在那儿思考着。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆的内心活动，到底是继续攀登还是请求救援放弃登山。由第二段的首句可知，在第一段的后面一定是汤姆坚定信心继续登山。 ②由第二段首句内容“汤姆极其谨慎地攀登。”可知，第二段可描写汤姆登山的艰难过程以及他如何克服困难到达山顶，最后要有感而发，呼应文章主题。 2．续写线索： 汤姆向往登山——汤姆为登山做好各方面准备——开始登山——途中遇挫——决定克服困难继续攀登——艰难登上山顶及感悟 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $