Unit 5 Nature's Temper 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自然—自然灾害”主题，通过分级语法填空训练整合基础语法与情境应用，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|9篇|基础语法填空，每篇10空|围绕自然灾害情境（龙卷风/地震等），整合动词时态、代词、形容词等语法点，由浅入深构建“主题-语法”应用链| |培优 提高·挑战攻坚|6篇|进阶语法填空，含复杂语境|深化时态呼应、非谓语动词等考点，通过救援/生存场景提升语法在真实情境中的迁移能力，体现社区互助的文化意识|

Unit 5 Nature’s Temper语法填空题型专练 人与自然—自然灾害 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．was beating 2．While/When 3．When 4．scary 5．closer 6．lucky 7．to help 8．herself 9．an 10．importance Passage 2 1．was beating 2．felt 3．was doing 4．moments 5．Although/Though 6．stay 7．stops 8．more important 9．careful 10．rules Passage 3 1．an 2．deaths 3．preparations 4．candles 5．on 6．silence 7．blowing 8．was beating 9．until 10．were Passage 4 1．was sleeping 2．to wake 3．scared 4．to leave 5．crowded 6．shocking 7．straight 8．covering 9．was spreading 10．showers Passage 5 1．so 2．to protect 3．or 4．from 5．as 6．to 7．system 8．improves 9．but 10．to stay Passage 6 1．suddenly 2．houses 3．were looking 4．have found 5．out 6．harder 7．to help 8．a 9．yourself/yourselves 10．Although/Though Passage 7 1．Receiving 2．speeds 3．but/while 4．is used 5．hit 6．The 7．concerned 8．will analyze 9．from 10．have prepared Passage 8 1．themselves 2．touching 3．bravely 4．were playing 5．earlier 6．So 7．difference 8．a 9．from 10．to prepare Passage 9 1．because 2．Suddenly 3．raining 4．a 5．myself 6．minutes 7．in 8．branches 9．came 10．to clean 培优 提高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．took 2．quickly 3．was 4．worst 5．Firemen 6．to 7．falling 8．Although/Though 9．us 10．careful Passage 2 1．heavily 2．the 3．neighbors 4．Although/Though 5．were 6．bravest 7．brought 8．himself 9．helping 10．to teach Passage 3 1. reported 2. to go 3. preparations 4. their 5. at 6. was closing 7. possibly 8. the 9. until 10. rubbish Passage 4 1. greatest 2. meant 3. with 4. buildings 5. a 6. Scientists 7. kills 8. when/if 9. Lying 10. closed Passage 5 1．was planning 2．lost 3．supplies 4．where 5．calmly 6．useful 7．better 8．would get 9．his 10．but Passage 6 1. found 2. without 3. an 4. better 5. Although/Though 6. was rising 7. death 8. shocked 9. to have 10. easily 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature’s Temper语法填空题型专练 人与自然—自然灾害 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain 1 (beat) against their roof heavily. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. The family ran to the safe room at once. 2 they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they were hiding from an angry lion to calm her down. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. 3 they stepped outside, they found the sun shining brightly. People were asking one another if they were safe while some were starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was 4 (scared), but it also brought everyone 5 (close) together than before. Jenny felt 6 (luck) that her family stayed safe. She promised 7 (help) neighbors with the cleanup work. She even made sure her little sister took care of 8 (she) while working. It was 9 unforgettable day, and Jenny learned the 10 (important) of family and community support. Passage 2 Last Friday, a heavy rainstorm hit our town suddenly. While the rain 1 (beat) against the windows, most people 2 (feel) afraid. At that time, I 3 (do) my homework in the room. I looked outside and saw the water in the river rising. It was one of the scariest 4 (moment) in my life. 5 we cannot stop natural disasters, we can learn how to protect ourselves. First, we should 6 (stay) in a safe place. For example, if there is an earthquake, we should hide under a large and strong desk until the ground 7 (stop) shaking. Second, preparing a safety bag is 8 (important) than anything else. You should put some useful things in it, such as a bottle of water, some biscuits, and a key. In my opinion, being 9 (care) and ready is the best way to face danger. We should also listen to the news on the radio to get more information. If we follow the 10 (rule), we will be safer in the future. Passage 3 The Philippines (菲律宾) covers 1 area of about 299,700 km2. Terrible typhoons often hit the country. They blow lots of trees down and cause many 2 (die) every year. On October 30, 2020, the news on TV reported that Typhoon Goni was going to hit the Philippines. At the news, people in the country began to make 3 (prepare) for the strongest typhoon in 2020.They put pieces of wood over the windows of their houses. They made sure that their flashlights could work. They also got some 4 (candle) and matches ready. At about ten to six 5 the morning of November 1, Typhoon Goni landed in the east of the Philippines. People there stayed at home in 6 (silent). They could hear strong winds 7 (blow) outside their houses. They could also hear that the rain 8 (beat) against the windows heavily. They didn’t go outside 9 the heavy rain stopped. After Typhoon Goni swept across the north of the Philippines, fallen trees and rubbish 10 (be) everywhere. People had to clean up the neighbourhood streets and parks. Passage 4 My mother and I stayed in a town near Pompeii. One night, I 1 (sleep) when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room 2 (wake) me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so 3 (scare) that she didn’t shut her eyes for even one second. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. We decided 4 (leave) the town. The road was 5 (crowd). We were at a place out of town. Just then, 6 (shock) things happened. Our coach couldn’t go 7 (straight) ahead. It began to move from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. We noticed a very dark cloud moving down and 8 (cover) the sea. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. We moved on while the cloud 9 (spread) over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall in heavy 10 (shower). All around us, people were trying to find their families in the dark. Passage 5 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 1 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 2 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 3 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 4 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 5 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 6 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 7 (system). Staying calm 8 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 9 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 10 (stay) safe in an earthquake. Passage 6 It was a quiet night. Most people in the town were sleeping when a strong earthquake (地震) 1 (sudden) hit. The ground shook hard, and many 2 (house) fell down. People ran out of their homes, shouting and crying. When the earthquake stopped, rescue (救援) teams from all over the country hurried to the town. At 6 a.m., soldiers (士兵) 3 (look) for people under the buildings. “We 4 (find) ten people alive (活的) since we arrived,” one soldier told the reporter. At the same time, volunteers there were cleaning up the street, handing 5 the food and putting up tents for the homeless. A young nurse named Lucy worked 6 (hard) than anyone else. She said, “I hope 7 (help) as many people as possible.” In a school in the town, teachers were teaching children some safety skills. “Cover your head with your arms and hide under 8 desk during an earthquake,” Mr. Liu said. “And always remember to protect 9 (you) first.” After three days, most people were safe. “This is the most successful rescue I’ve ever seen,” said a reporter. People from different places worked together, sharing food, water, and love. 10 the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. Passage 7 Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 1 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 2 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 3 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 4 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 5 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 6 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 7 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 8 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 9 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 10 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. Passage 8 I’m walking along a busy beach in Thailand. Many families and friends are enjoying 1 (them). It’s been many years since a tsunami happened here. The tsunami was terrible, but there were lots of 2 (touch) moments. Some people, like Tilly Smith, saved lives 3 (brave) with their knowledge. This clever 10-year-old girl saw the water going farther up the beach. It wasn’t calm. At that time, all the tourists 4 (play) happily on the beach. Only she knew that a tsunami was coming. She learnt about tsunamis at school two weeks 5 (early). Tilly warned people on the beach. 6 they all ran to a hotel. Minutes later, the tsunami hit. That school lesson about tsunamis saved 100 lives. Knowledge can make a big 7 (different) between life and death. And nowadays we can depend on technology, too. For example, a “SAFETY NET” app. It shows you 8 world map with all the active disasters flagged. You can choose your area and it will warn you about the upcoming disasters. It can also tell you how serious it might be and some safe places to go in order to save yourself 9 danger. In a word, useful weather knowledge and modern technology can both help humans a lot. They can send accurate natural disaster warnings, giving people enough time 10 (prepare) and stay away from dangers like floods and typhoons. Passage 9 It was reported that one of last year's most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn’t forget what happened 1 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 2 (sudden), I heard a loud noise. It was 3 (rain) heavily outside. The wind was beating (击打) against the windows. I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 4 tree in my neighbor's garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 5 (I). So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 6 (minute). There was almost silence (寂静) 7 the neighborhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 8 (branch). After a while, some of my neighbors also 9 (come) out to help. Together, we managed 10 (clean) up the mess.It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. 培优 提高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 A very terrible fire happened in a Hong Kong neighborhood. It 1 (take) many lives. A brave fireman also lost his life who was trying to save others at that time. The bamboo scaffolding around the buildings acted as fuel (燃料). It helped the fire grow fast. The buildings had a special arrangement (布局). This arrangement created a powerful “chimney effect”. This effect made the fire move upward 2 (quick) and become extremely hot. It 3 (be) like air flowing through a real chimney. The fire spread faster and spread to more buildings. Strong winds made it the 4 (bad) situation. 5 (fireman) faced great challenges during the rescue. The chimney effect made the fire too hot 6 get close to the building. Burning pieces kept 7 (fall) from above and thick black smoke made it hard to see and breathe. 8 the situation was very dangerous, these brave workers did their best to evacuate people caught inside. Thankfully, no more people lost their lives later. Our thoughts are truly with all the families. These families lost their loved ones. We also remember the heroic firefighter hope those injured people will become better soon. This terrible event greatly reminds 9 (we) how important safety is, because fire dangers are everywhere. Let's all learn from this and be more 10 (care). We pray many tragedies won't happen again and that everyone may live safely. Passage 2 Last Saturday afternoon, the sky turned dark suddenly and strong winds blew 1 (heavy). Black clouds covered 2 whole village, and the rain began to fall hard. Everyone felt scared, but 14-year-old Tom kept calm. He told his family and 3 (neighbor) not to panic. Tom remembered what his teacher had taught him about natural disasters. He knew a flash flood may come soon. 4 he was young, he decided to help everyone escape (逃脱). He ran from door to door, knocking loudly and telling people to move to higher places. An old grandma couldn’t walk fast, so Tom helped her get out of the house. He carried her bag and held her hand tightly. The flood came quickly, but Tom didn’t stop. He kept running until all villagers 5 (be) safe. It was the 6 (brave) thing he did in his life. After the flood, the villagers gathered together and talked about Tom’s story. They 7 (bring) fruits to thank him. Tom said he didn’t do anything special, but the villagers praised him for his courage. He often encourages 8 (he) and his friends to face difficulties bravely, because he believes that 9 (help) others is the most meaningful thing. Tom’s story spread in the village. Many students go to his home to learn from him. He prepares some books 10 (teach) his friends about disaster safety. Every time someone talks about him, they say he is a hero who saves the villagers in danger. Passage 3 On the morning of April 10th, the news on TV 1 (report) that a strong wind was coming to the area. The expert advised that people should stay in houses to keep safe, warning them not 2 (go) outside unless necessary. In the afternoon, the sky turned dark. And the wind was much stronger than it was in the morning. Everyone in the city became busy, making 3 (prepare) for the coming storm. Many people were buying foods for the next three windy days while others were making 4 (they) way to the subway stations or the bus stations. The school finished earlier, so Zhang Wei was at home 5 the time of the big wind. He 6 (close) the windows when he noticed a cat outside. It was so small that the wind 7 (possible) blew it away. Zhang Wei opened the windows again and tried to let 8 cat come in. But it was too scared to move. How to save the cat? After some thought, Zhang Wei had an idea. He put some chicken in his hand and said, “Here, Kitty, dinner time!” Finally, the cat walked over. Zhang Wei picked it up quickly and put it in the house. The strong wind didn’t die down (减弱) 9 the third day. When Zhang Wei went out, he found that some windows broke and 10 (rubbish) was everywhere because of the wind. Zhang Wei joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the wind broke things apart, it brought people closer. Passage 4 In the earliest times, men regarded lightning as one of the 1 (great) mysteries of nature. Some people in old times believed that lightning and thunder 2 (mean) that the gods got angry. Benjamin Franklin was the first to find that electricity has something to do 3 lightning in 1752. In the same year, he built the first lightning rod (避雷针). It can protect 4 (build) from being hit by lightning. Lightning does not always go from the cloud to the ground. Cloud-to-cloud lightning is the most common kind of lightning and can sometimes be seen at great distances at night. Sometimes you may only see 5 flash of light without thunder. 6 (science) judge that there are about 2,000 million flashes of lightning every year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it 7 (kill) about 100 people each year. Lightning is more dangerous than you thought. So 8 you are outside, you should go to low ground and not stay under trees. 9 (lie) flat (平躺地) on the ground in an open area is another way to help you stay safe. And when you are inside a house, you should close the windows and not touch wires (电线) or metal things. The safest place to be in case of (以防) an electrical storm is in a 10 (close) car. So next time you know what you should do when lightning happens. Passage 5 One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, while he 1 (plan) to go home, a snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, Nicholas was 2 (lose), all alone! He didn’t have food, a phone, or other 3 (supply). Nicholas had no idea 4 he was. He tried to think about the situation 5 (calm). He tried to recall all the survival shows he watched on TV and the 6 (use) tips they taught. It was time to put the tips he had learnt to use. He decided to stop skiing. There was a 7 (good) chance of someone finding him if he stayed out. The first thing he did was to find a shelter (庇护所) from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature 8 (get) very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a lot of snow and dug out a hole in the middle to stay warm. By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby river so that 9 (he) body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷缩). The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, 10 he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, or he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved. Passage 6 After a heavy storm in the sea, a man was washed up on a small island in the dark. As the morning came, he 1 (find) himself lying next to a big rock and there were pieces of wood of his ship on the sand. He walked around only to find it was an island 2 anyone else. Because of the terrible situation, he had to make a place to live and protect himself first. He came up with 3 idea. Then he built a little hut (棚屋) with the wood of his ship. The longer he lived on the island, the 4 (good) he could care for himself. 5 it was difficult, he seemed to get used to living alone on the island. But then, one day, when the man came back from looking for food, dark smoke 6 (rise) up to the sky from his hut at that time. There was a fire! To make things worse, the wind helped the fire make everything in a mess. The man couldn’t put out the fire. He cried and just waited for his 7 (die). Early the next day, the man was 8 (shock) to see a ship landing on the island. “How did you know I was here?” asked the man. “As soon as we noticed the smoke, we decided 9 (have) a look,” the sailor (驾船人) answered. In the end, the man was saved. When things are going bad, we may feel like giving up 10 (easy). But we should remember, even our little hut has gone, the smoke may help. For all the bad situations, we should always believe there is still a good answer for it. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature’s Temper语法填空题型专练 人与自然—自然灾害 热点题型概览 ① 题型解读 基本配置：语法填空通常设 10个空。 3~4个 为无提示词填空（盲填，如介词、冠词、连词）。 6~7个 为有提示词填空（如动词变形、词性转换）。 考点分布：十空考点一般不重复，覆盖词汇与语法的多个维度。 ② 解题技巧 (口诀记忆) V (动词)：有词先辨谓与非谓，时态比较级要到位。（重点考察过去时、进行时及形容词比较级/最高级） N (名词/代词)：名看单复代看格，形副修饰别混淆。（注意名词复数变化规则） Ø (无提示词)：无词冠介连引导，两句相连找连词。（考察逻辑关系） Check (检查)：连词成对不同用，通篇通读再校对。（确保上下文连贯） ③ 命题预测 (Nature's Temper) 本单元话题：Nature's Temper (大自然的脾气/自然灾害) ⭐ 可能围绕以下内容命题： 自然灾害描述 (如地震 earthquake、洪水 flood、暴风雨 storm、火山爆发 volcano 等发生时的场景描写) 灾害影响与后果 (房屋倒塌、道路阻断、人们受灾 helpless/dangerous 等状态) 人们的行为与反应 (逃生 escape、救援 rescue、互相帮助 help each other、志愿者 volunteer) 自我保护与安全建议 (应该做什么 should do、不应该做什么 shouldn't do、保持冷静 keep calm) 情感与反思 (害怕 scared、幸运 lucky、敬畏自然 respect nature、重建家园 rebuild) 💡 预测考点： 时态：一般过去时（讲述灾害发生经历）、过去进行时（描述当时正在做的事）。 词性转换：danger → dangerous, luck → luckily/unlucky, sudden → suddenly。 非谓语动词：tell sb. to do sth., stop doing sth.。 连词：when, while, so, because, although。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 When Jenny looked up, thick black clouds were forming in the sky, and the rain 1 (beat) against their roof heavily. “Quick, this way,” said Dad. The family ran to the safe room at once. 2 they were waiting, Jenny’s little sister started to cry. Dad gave her some chocolate and told her that they were hiding from an angry lion to calm her down. Soon, she was laughing again. At last, the storm passed. 3 they stepped outside, they found the sun shining brightly. People were asking one another if they were safe while some were starting to clear the streets. Jenny smiled. The tornado was 4 (scared), but it also brought everyone 5 (close) together than before. Jenny felt 6 (luck) that her family stayed safe. She promised 7 (help) neighbors with the cleanup work. She even made sure her little sister took care of 8 (she) while working. It was 9 unforgettable day, and Jenny learned the 10 (important) of family and community support. 【答案】 1．was beating 2．While/When 3．When 4．scary 5．closer 6．lucky 7．to help 8．herself 9．an 10．importance 【导语】本文讲述了Jenny一家在龙卷风来临时躲进安全屋避难，风暴过后大家互相帮助清理街道的故事，Jenny从中体会到了家庭和社区支持的重要性。 1．句意：大雨正猛烈地敲打着他们的屋顶。此处与“were forming”并列，描述过去正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，beat的过去进行时为was beating。 2．句意：在他们等待的时候，Jenny的小妹妹开始哭了起来。“While/When they were waiting”引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，主句“started to cry”为短暂性动作。While和When均可用于引导时间状语从句，表示“在某一持续动作进行的过程中发生了另一件事”。 3．句意：当他们走到外面时，发现阳光明媚地照耀着。“when”意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，表示步出屋外的瞬间发现天气已放晴。 4．句意：龙卷风是可怕的，但它也让每个人比以往更加紧密地团结在一起。系动词was后需接形容词作表语，scared意为“感到害怕的”，scary意为“令人害怕的”，此处修饰tornado，表示“令人害怕的”，故用scary。 5．句意：龙卷风是可怕的，但它也让每个人比以往更加紧密地团结在一起。标志词than提示用比较级，close的比较级为closer，表示“更紧密地”。 6．句意：Jenny感到幸运，因为她的家人安然无恙。系动词felt后需接形容词作表语，luck的形容词形式为lucky，意为“幸运的”。 7．句意：她承诺帮助邻居们清理善后。“promise to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“承诺做某事”，help的不定式形式为to help。 8．句意：她甚至在工作时确保小妹妹照顾好自己。“take care of oneself”意为“照顾好自己”，she的反身代词为herself。 9．句意：这是令人难忘的一天，Jenny学到了家庭和社区支持的重要性。day为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且unforgettable以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。 10．句意：这是令人难忘的一天，Jenny学到了家庭和社区支持的重要性。定冠词the后需接名词，形容词important的名词形式为importance，意为“重要性”。 Passage 2 Last Friday, a heavy rainstorm hit our town suddenly. While the rain 1 (beat) against the windows, most people 2 (feel) afraid. At that time, I 3 (do) my homework in the room. I looked outside and saw the water in the river rising. It was one of the scariest 4 (moment) in my life. 5 we cannot stop natural disasters, we can learn how to protect ourselves. First, we should 6 (stay) in a safe place. For example, if there is an earthquake, we should hide under a large and strong desk until the ground 7 (stop) shaking. Second, preparing a safety bag is 8 (important) than anything else. You should put some useful things in it, such as a bottle of water, some biscuits, and a key. In my opinion, being 9 (care) and ready is the best way to face danger. We should also listen to the news on the radio to get more information. If we follow the 10 (rule), we will be safer in the future. 【答案】 1．was beating 2．felt 3．was doing 4．moments 5．Although/Though 6．stay 7．stops 8．more important 9．careful 10．rules 【导语】本文讲述了作者经历的一场突发暴雨，由此引出自然灾害无法避免，但我们可以学习自我保护方法，比如保持警惕、准备应急包、遵守规则等，强调了应对灾害的安全意识与准备的重要性。 1．句意：当雨点敲打着窗户时，大多数人感到害怕。while引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，主语the rain是单数，用was beating。 2．句意：当雨点敲打着窗户时，大多数人感到害怕。事情发生在上周五，句子用一般过去时，feel的过去式是felt。 3．句意：那时，我正在房间里做作业。事情发生在过去，强调当时正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，主语I，用was doing。 4．句意：这是我一生中最可怕的时刻之一。one of后接可数名词复数，moment的复数形式是moments。 5．句意：虽然我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以学习如何保护自己。前后为转折让步关系，用连词Although/Though(句首首字母大写)。 6．句意：首先，我们应该待在安全的地方。情态动词should后接动词原形，用stay。 7．句意：例如，如果发生地震，我们应该躲在一张又大又结实的桌子下面，直到地面停止晃动。until引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语the ground是单数，用stops。 8．句意：其次，准备一个安全包比其他任何东西都重要。than是比较级标志，important的比较级是more important。 9．句意：在我看来，保持小心和做好准备是面对危险的最好方式。being后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。 10．句意：如果我们遵守规则，将来我们会更安全。the后接名词，根据语境用复数，rule的复数形式是rules。 Passage 3 The Philippines (菲律宾) covers 1 area of about 299,700 km2. Terrible typhoons often hit the country. They blow lots of trees down and cause many 2 (die) every year. On October 30, 2020, the news on TV reported that Typhoon Goni was going to hit the Philippines. At the news, people in the country began to make 3 (prepare) for the strongest typhoon in 2020.They put pieces of wood over the windows of their houses. They made sure that their flashlights could work. They also got some 4 (candle) and matches ready. At about ten to six 5 the morning of November 1, Typhoon Goni landed in the east of the Philippines. People there stayed at home in 6 (silent). They could hear strong winds 7 (blow) outside their houses. They could also hear that the rain 8 (beat) against the windows heavily. They didn’t go outside 9 the heavy rain stopped. After Typhoon Goni swept across the north of the Philippines, fallen trees and rubbish 10 (be) everywhere. People had to clean up the neighbourhood streets and parks. 【答案】1．an 2．deaths 3．preparations 4．candles 5．on 6．silence 7．blowing 8．was beating 9．until 10．were 【导语】本文主要介绍了菲律宾曾经遭受过的最厉害的风暴。 1．句意：它占地约299,700平方公里。名词area为可数名词单数，其前用不定冠词修饰，area为元音音素开头，用an。 2．句意：它们吹倒了许多树木，造成许多死亡。cause many后应填die的名词复数deaths。 3．句意：听到这个消息，这个国家的人们开始为2020年最强的台风做准备。这里表示为台风做准备，应填prepare的名词preparation，可数名词，因此填复数形式。 4．句意：他们还准备了一些蜡烛和火柴。some后跟可数名词复数。 5．句意：11月1日上午五点五十分左右，台风戈尼登陆菲律宾东部。具体时间前用介词on。 6．句意：那里的人们静静地呆在家里。in silence“沉默地；静静地”为固定词组。 7．句意：他们能听到屋外强风吹过的声音。固定搭配“hear...doing sth”表示“听到……正在做某事”。 8．句意：他们还可以听到雨重重地打在窗户上的声音。此处应用过去进行时，主语为“the rain”，be动词用was，动词beat的ing形式为beating。 9．句意：他们直到大雨停了才出去。此处是固定搭配，not...until“直到……才”。 10．句意：台风“高尼”席卷菲律宾北部后，到处都是倒下的树木和垃圾。主语“fallen trees and rubbish”是复数，时态为一般过去时，因此be动词用were。 Passage 4 My mother and I stayed in a town near Pompeii. One night, I 1 (sleep) when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room 2 (wake) me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so 3 (scare) that she didn’t shut her eyes for even one second. By six o’clock the next morning, many buildings were still shaking. We decided 4 (leave) the town. The road was 5 (crowd). We were at a place out of town. Just then, 6 (shock) things happened. Our coach couldn’t go 7 (straight) ahead. It began to move from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals were left on the sand. We noticed a very dark cloud moving down and 8 (cover) the sea. My mother asked me to continue without her, but I refused to leave her behind. We moved on while the cloud 9 (spread) over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall in heavy 10 (shower). All around us, people were trying to find their families in the dark. 【答案】 1．was sleeping 2．to wake 3．scared 4．to leave 5．crowded 6．shocking 7．straight 8．covering 9．was spreading 10．showers 【导语】本文以第一人称叙述了作者和母亲在庞贝古城附近经历火山喷发的恐怖夜晚，描述了地震、建筑摇晃、人群逃离以及火山灰覆盖天空的景象。 1．句意：一天晚上，地面剧烈震动时我正在睡觉。When引导的时间状语从句表示一个具体时间点，主句描述在该时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时（was/were+现在分词），主语是I，所以填was sleeping。故填was sleeping。 2．句意：我母亲冲进我的房间来叫醒我。动词rushed在句中作谓语，空格处需表示“冲进房间”的目的，应用wake的不定式形式作目的状语。故填to wake。 3．句意：我母亲是如此害怕，以至于她一秒钟都没有合眼。根据“My mother was so... that she didn’t shut her eyes...”可知，此处为“so...that...”结构，空格处需用形容词作表语，scare的形容词形式scared，用来修饰人。故填scared。 4．句意：我们决定离开这个城镇。动词decide后常接不定式作宾语，构成“decide to do sth.”结构，所以用leave的不定式形式。故填to leave。 5．句意：道路很拥挤。空格在was后作表语，需形容词描述道路状态，crowd的形容词为crowded，意为“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 6．句意：就在这时，令人震惊的事情发生了。空格修饰名词things，需用形容词描述事物属性，用shock的形容词shocking，意为“令人震惊的”。故填shocking。 7．句意：我们的客车无法笔直前行。空格修饰动词go，需用副词形式，straight即为副词，意为“笔直地”。故填straight。 8．句意：我们注意到一团非常黑暗的云正在下沉并覆盖海面。空格与moving down由and连接，是并列关系，同为宾语补足语，所以用cover的现在分词covering，意为“覆盖”。故填covering。 9．句意：我们继续前进，而那团云像洪水一样在大地上蔓延。while引导从句，表示主句动作发生时从句动作也在进行，且主语cloud与spread为主动关系，用过去进行时（was/were+现在分词）。主语the cloud为单数，所以用was spreading。故填was spreading。 10．句意：空气中浓烟弥漫，灰烬开始如沉重的阵雨般落下。介词in后接名词，被形容词heavy修饰，且根据语境，灰烬大量落下，应用shower的复数形式showers，意为“阵雨”。故填showers。 Passage 5 Earthquakes can occur anytime without warning, 1 it is important to be prepared and know how to protect yourself. When the earth begins to shake, stay calm. If you are inside, get under a table or bed 2 (protect) yourself from falling objects. Do not stand near walls 3 windows. Stay out of the kitchen and never get into a lift. If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away 4 buildings and trees. If you are in a vehicle, drive to a safe place far from trees or tall buildings. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water 5 possible. After the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors 6 an open area. Keep an eye out for things that can fall on you. Only make necessary phone calls, because too many calls will bring down the phone 7 (system). Staying calm 8 (improve) your chances of survival. It is not easy, 9 it can save your life. Remember these tips and you will know how 10 (stay) safe in an earthquake. 【答案】 1．so 2．to protect 3．or 4．from 5．as 6．to 7．system 8．improves 9．but 10．to stay 【导语】本文介绍了地震发生时的安全防护知识，包括室内、室外、行车中及震后的避险措施，强调保持冷静对生存的重要性。 1．句意：地震可能毫无预兆地随时发生，所以做好准备并知道如何保护自己很重要。前后两句为因果关系，前半句说明原因，后半句引出结果，故填连词so。 2．句意：如果你在室内，躲到桌子或床下以保护自己免受坠落物体的伤害。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示躲到桌子或床下的目的，用to protect。 3．句意：不要站在墙壁或窗户附近。此处表示选择关系，意为“墙壁或窗户”，故填并列连词or。 4．句意：远离建筑物和树木。固定搭配“stay away from”表示 “远离……”，用介词from。 5．句意：如果你在海边，尽量离水越远越好。固定搭配“as...as possible”表示“尽可能……”。 6．句意：如果你看到火灾，迅速到户外的开阔区域去。此处表示方向，意为 “去往开阔区域”，填介词to。 7．句意：只打必要的电话，因为太多电话会使电话系统瘫痪。“phone system” 为固定搭配，意为 “电话系统”，此处用单数形式即可，用system。 8．句意：保持冷静能提高你的生存几率。主语“Staying calm”为动名词短语，作主语时谓语动词用单数；句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时improves。 9．句意：这并不容易，但它能救你的命。前后两句为转折关系，用连词but。 10．句意：记住这些提示，你就会知道如何在地震中保持安全。“how to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“如何做某事”，用to stay。 Passage 6 It was a quiet night. Most people in the town were sleeping when a strong earthquake (地震) 1 (sudden) hit. The ground shook hard, and many 2 (house) fell down. People ran out of their homes, shouting and crying. When the earthquake stopped, rescue (救援) teams from all over the country hurried to the town. At 6 a.m., soldiers (士兵) 3 (look) for people under the buildings. “We 4 (find) ten people alive (活的) since we arrived,” one soldier told the reporter. At the same time, volunteers there were cleaning up the street, handing 5 the food and putting up tents for the homeless. A young nurse named Lucy worked 6 (hard) than anyone else. She said, “I hope 7 (help) as many people as possible.” In a school in the town, teachers were teaching children some safety skills. “Cover your head with your arms and hide under 8 desk during an earthquake,” Mr. Liu said. “And always remember to protect 9 (you) first.” After three days, most people were safe. “This is the most successful rescue I’ve ever seen,” said a reporter. People from different places worked together, sharing food, water, and love. 10 the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 【答案】 1．suddenly 2．houses 3．were looking 4．have found 5．out 6．harder 7．to help 8．a 9．yourself/yourselves 10．Although/Though 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小镇遭遇地震后，救援队伍、志愿者等各方力量展开救援，人们携手互助，地震虽造成破坏却也让家人和邻里关系更紧密的故事。 1．句意：当一场强烈的地震突然袭来时，小镇里的大多数人正在睡觉。此处修饰动词hit，要用副词，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，意为“突然地”，故填suddenly。 2．句意：地面剧烈摇晃，许多房屋倒塌了。many后接可数名词复数，house的复数是houses，故填houses。 3．句意：早上6点，士兵们正在搜寻建筑物下的人。根据“At 6 a.m.”可知，描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构是“was/were + 现在分词”，主语soldiers是复数，be动词用were，look的现在分词是looking，故填were looking。 4．句意：自从我们到达后，我们已经找到了10个活着的人。根据“since we arrived”可知，主句用现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，主语we是复数，用have，find的过去分词是found，故填have found。 5．句意：与此同时，那里的志愿者们正在清理街道，分发食物，并为无家可归的人搭建帐篷。hand out是固定短语，意为“分发”，符合语境，故填out。 6．句意：一位名叫露西的年轻护士比其他任何人工作都更努力。根据“than”可知，要用比较级，hard的比较级是harder，故填harder。 7．句意：我希望尽可能帮助更多的人。hope to do sth.是固定用法，意为“希望做某事”，故填to help。 8．句意：地震时，用手臂护住头部，躲在桌子下面。此处泛指“一张”桌子，desk是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a，故填a。 9．句意：并且永远记住先保护你自己/你们自己。此处可表示“yourself 你自己”或“yourselves 你们自己”，故填yourself/yourselves。 10．句意：虽然地震把很多东西都震碎了，但它让家人和邻居们走得更近了。根据“the earthquake broke many things apart”和“it brought families and neighbors closer together”为转折关系可知，可用Although或Though引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，故填Although/Though。 Passage 7 Earthquakes are among the most destructive natural disasters. Unlike typhoons or floods, they strike without warning. 1 (receive) a three-second warning can save lives—enough time to hide under a strong table. When an earthquake happens, two types of seismic waves (地震波) travel at different 2 (speed). The faster wave causes little damage, 3 the slower wave brings strong shaking that can destroy buildings. This technology 4 (use) in many countries today, including Japan and Mexico. Last year, a big earthquake 5 (hit) Nepal. Thousands of buildings fell down, and over 8,000 people lost their lives. 6 warning system is not perfect, however. People near the epicenter (震中) may get no warning at all because the destructive wave arrives almost immediately. Some people have become less 7 (concern) about alerts after several false alarms, which is dangerous. Scientists believe that AI 8 (analyze) seismic data more quickly in the near future, possibly extending warning times to 30 seconds. If you live in an earthquake-prone (地震多发) area, prepare an emergency kit (应急包) with water, food, and a flashlight. Stay away 9 windows and heavy furniture during shaking. Many people 10 (prepare) their kits already, but others have not. Remember: those few seconds of preparation could save your life. 【答案】 1．Receiving 2．speeds 3．but/while 4．is used 5．hit 6．The 7．concerned 8．will analyze 9．from 10．have prepared 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震的特点和预警技术的现状，并给出了地震多发地区的防灾准备建议。 1．句意：获得三秒钟的预警时间就能够挽救生命——这段时间足以躲到坚固的桌子底下。动名词作主语，receive的动名词形式receiving，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：当地震发生时，两种地震波会以不同的速度传播。“different”后接复数名词，different speeds表示“不同的速度”。 3．句意：速度更快的地震波造成的破坏很小，而速度较慢的地震波会带来剧烈震动，足以摧毁建筑物。前后句是对比关系，but和while均符合逻辑。 4．句意：如今，这项技术在包括日本和墨西哥在内的许多国家被使用。 主语“technology”和“use”是被动关系，“today”表示一般现在时，故填is used。 5．句意：去年，一场大地震袭击了尼泊尔。“last year”为过去的时间，hit的过去式还是hit。 6．句意：这套预警系统却并非完美无缺。这里用定冠词the特指上文提到的地震预警系统，句首首字母大写。 7．句意：多次误报后，一些人对警报变得不那么在意，这是很危险的。become concerned about表示“对什么关心”，为固定搭配。 8．句意：科学家认为，在不久的将来，人工智能将能更快分析地震数据，或许能将预警时间延长至30秒。“in the near future”为将来时，用一般将来时will analyze。 9．句意：地震晃动时，要远离窗户和沉重的家具。固定搭配stay away from表示“远离”。 10．句意：许多人已经准备好了应急包，但还有一些人没有。“already”常与现在完成时连用，主语是“people”，故填have prepared。 Passage 8 I’m walking along a busy beach in Thailand. Many families and friends are enjoying 1 (them). It’s been many years since a tsunami happened here. The tsunami was terrible, but there were lots of 2 (touch) moments. Some people, like Tilly Smith, saved lives 3 (brave) with their knowledge. This clever 10-year-old girl saw the water going farther up the beach. It wasn’t calm. At that time, all the tourists 4 (play) happily on the beach. Only she knew that a tsunami was coming. She learnt about tsunamis at school two weeks 5 (early). Tilly warned people on the beach. 6 they all ran to a hotel. Minutes later, the tsunami hit. That school lesson about tsunamis saved 100 lives. Knowledge can make a big 7 (different) between life and death. And nowadays we can depend on technology, too. For example, a “SAFETY NET” app. It shows you 8 world map with all the active disasters flagged. You can choose your area and it will warn you about the upcoming disasters. It can also tell you how serious it might be and some safe places to go in order to save yourself 9 danger. In a word, useful weather knowledge and modern technology can both help humans a lot. They can send accurate natural disaster warnings, giving people enough time 10 (prepare) and stay away from dangers like floods and typhoons. 【答案】 1．themselves 2．touching 3．bravely 4．were playing 5．earlier 6．So 7．difference 8．a 9．from 10．to prepare 【导语】本文围绕海啸应对及自然灾害防范展开。 1．句意：许多家庭和朋友都玩得很开心。根据“enjoying”可知，此处使用反身代词，enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，them的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。 2．句意：海啸很可怕，但有很多感人的时刻。根据“moments”可知，此处使用形容词作定语，touch的形容词是touching“感人的”。故填touching。 3．句意：有些人，像蒂莉·史密斯，用他们的知识勇敢地拯救了生命。根据“saved lives”可知，此处使用副词修饰动词，brave的副词是bravely“勇敢地”。故填bravely。 4．句意：当时，所有的游客都在海滩上开心地玩耍。根据“At that time”可知，此处使用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语all the tourists是复数，be动词用were，play的现在分词是playing。故填were playing。 5．句意：她两周前在学校学到了关于海啸的知识。根据“learnt about tsunamis at school two weeks”可知，此处表示“两周前”，two weeks earlier“两周前”。故填earlier。 6．句意：所以他们都跑到了一家旅馆。根据“Tilly warned people on the beach.”和“they all ran to a hotel”可知，前后是因果关系，用so“所以”连接。故填So。 7．句意：知识可以在生死之间产生很大的影响。根据“make a big”可知，此处使用名词，different的名词是difference“不同，影响”，make a big difference“产生很大的影响”。故填difference。 8．句意：它向你展示了一张标有所有活跃灾害的世界地图。根据“world map”可知，此处表示泛指，且world以辅音音素开头，使用不定冠词a。故填a。 9．句意：它还可以告诉你它可能有多严重，以及一些安全的地方，以便使自己免于危险。根据“save yourself...danger”可知，此处表示“使自己免于危险”，save...from...“使……免于……”。故填from。 10．句意：它们可以发出准确的自然灾害预警，给人们足够的时间准备，远离洪水、台风等危险。enough time to do sth“足够的时间做某事”。故填to prepare。 Passage 9 It was reported that one of last year's most powerful storms killed at least four people and hurt at least 95 others in southern China. Do you remember what you were doing at that time? I couldn’t forget what happened 1 it was terrible for me. It was a dark and quiet night at first. I was just about to fall asleep. 2 (sudden), I heard a loud noise. It was 3 (rain) heavily outside. The wind was beating (击打) against the windows. I got up and looked out of the window. To my surprise, I could see 4 tree in my neighbor's garden fall. It broke a fence (栅栏) and part of the wall. I realized that I should do something by 5 (I). So I put on my raincoat and went outside. The rain was so heavy that I was completely (完全地) wet in a few 6 (minute). There was almost silence (寂静) 7 the neighborhood except for the sound of the rain and the wind. I tried my best to move some of the 8 (branch). After a while, some of my neighbors also 9 (come) out to help. Together, we managed 10 (clean) up the mess.It was a long and tiring night, but I felt good that I did something to help. It felt great to see the community working together. 【答案】 1．because 2．Suddenly 3．raining 4．a 5．myself 6．minutes 7．in 8．branches 9．came 10．to clean 【导语】本文讲述作者在去年强风暴来袭的夜晚，亲身经历风雨、主动出门帮忙清理树枝杂物，感受到邻里互助、社区同心的温暖。 1．句意：我无法忘记所发生的事情，因为它对我来说太可怕了。前后两句为因果关系，后半句是前半句的原因，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 2．句意：突然，我听到一声巨响。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，sudden的副词是suddenly，句首字母大写。 3．句意：外面正下着大雨。由语境可知当时正在下雨，用过去进行时was/were + 现在分词，rain的现在分词是raining。 4．句意：令我惊讶的是，我看到邻居花园里的一棵树倒了。tree为可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表泛指。 5．句意：我意识到我应该独自做点什么。by oneself为固定搭配，意为“独自、自己”，主语是I，对应的反身代词是myself。 6．句意：雨下得太大，几分钟后我就全身湿透了。minute为可数名词，a few后接可数名词复数形式，故变复数minutes。 7．句意：除了风雨声，街区里几乎一片寂静。in the neighbourhood为固定搭配，意为“在街区里、在社区内”。 8．句意：我尽力挪动一些树枝。branch为可数名词，some of后接可数名词复数，branch的复数形式是branches。 9．句意：过了一会儿，我的一些邻居也出来帮忙了。全文叙述过去发生的事情，时态以一般过去时为主，come的过去式是came。 10．句意：我们一起设法清理了这片狼藉。manage to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，后接动词不定式，故填to clean。 培优 提高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 A very terrible fire happened in a Hong Kong neighborhood. It 1 (take) many lives. A brave fireman also lost his life who was trying to save others at that time. The bamboo scaffolding around the buildings acted as fuel (燃料). It helped the fire grow fast. The buildings had a special arrangement (布局). This arrangement created a powerful “chimney effect”. This effect made the fire move upward 2 (quick) and become extremely hot. It 3 (be) like air flowing through a real chimney. The fire spread faster and spread to more buildings. Strong winds made it the 4 (bad) situation. 5 (fireman) faced great challenges during the rescue. The chimney effect made the fire too hot 6 get close to the building. Burning pieces kept 7 (fall) from above and thick black smoke made it hard to see and breathe. 8 the situation was very dangerous, these brave workers did their best to evacuate people caught inside. Thankfully, no more people lost their lives later. Our thoughts are truly with all the families. These families lost their loved ones. We also remember the heroic firefighter hope those injured people will become better soon. This terrible event greatly reminds 9 (we) how important safety is, because fire dangers are everywhere. Let's all learn from this and be more 10 (care). We pray many tragedies won't happen again and that everyone may live safely. 【答案】 1．took 2．quickly 3．was 4．worst 5．Firemen 6．to 7．falling 8．Although/Though 9．us 10．careful 【导语】本文讲述了香港一场严重火灾的起以及消防员在极端危险条件下勇敢救援的事迹，提醒人们注意防火安全。 1．句意：它夺走了许多人的生命。句子描述的是过去发生的火灾事件，应用一般过去时。“take”的过去式为“took”，表示“夺走”。 2．句意：这种效应使火势迅速向上移动并变得极其炽热。此处修饰动词“move upward”，应用副词形式。“quick”的副词为“quickly”，表示“迅速地”。 3．句意：它就像空气流过真正的烟囱一样。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语“It”为第三人称单数，be动词用“was”。 4．句意：强风使情况变得最糟糕。此处表示在强风影响下火势达到最严重的程度，空前有the，应用形容词“bad”的最高级“worst”，表示“最糟糕的”。 5．句意：消防员们在救援过程中面临着巨大的挑战。根据后文“faced great challenges”可知主语应为复数；结合上下文指消防员，应用“fireman”的复数形式“firemen”，且首字母大写。 6．句意：烟囱效应使火势太热，无法靠近建筑物。此处为“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”，因此应填不定式符号“to”。 7．句意：燃烧的碎片不断从上方掉落。“keep doing sth.”表示“持续做某事”，因此应用“fall”的现在分词形式“falling”，表示“掉落”。 8．句意：尽管情况非常危险，但这些勇敢的工人们尽力营救被困在里面的人。前后句为让步关系，表示“虽然……但是……”，应用“Although”或“Though”引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。 9．句意：这一可怕的事件极大地提醒了我们安全的重要性。动词“reminds”后应接人称代词的宾格形式，“we”的宾格为“us”，表示“我们”。 10．句意：让我们都从中吸取教训，更加小心。此处作“be”的表语，应用形容词形式；“care”的形容词为“careful”，表示“小心的”。 Passage 2 Last Saturday afternoon, the sky turned dark suddenly and strong winds blew 1 (heavy). Black clouds covered 2 whole village, and the rain began to fall hard. Everyone felt scared, but 14-year-old Tom kept calm. He told his family and 3 (neighbor) not to panic. Tom remembered what his teacher had taught him about natural disasters. He knew a flash flood may come soon. 4 he was young, he decided to help everyone escape (逃脱). He ran from door to door, knocking loudly and telling people to move to higher places. An old grandma couldn’t walk fast, so Tom helped her get out of the house. He carried her bag and held her hand tightly. The flood came quickly, but Tom didn’t stop. He kept running until all villagers 5 (be) safe. It was the 6 (brave) thing he did in his life. After the flood, the villagers gathered together and talked about Tom’s story. They 7 (bring) fruits to thank him. Tom said he didn’t do anything special, but the villagers praised him for his courage. He often encourages 8 (he) and his friends to face difficulties bravely, because he believes that 9 (help) others is the most meaningful thing. Tom’s story spread in the village. Many students go to his home to learn from him. He prepares some books 10 (teach) his friends about disaster safety. Every time someone talks about him, they say he is a hero who saves the villagers in danger. 【答案】 1．heavily 2．the 3．neighbors 4．Although/Though 5．were 6．bravest 7．brought 8．himself 9．helping 10．to teach 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了14岁男孩Tom在山洪暴发时冷静应对、帮助全村人安全转移的故事。文章通过描述Tom的行动和村民们的反应，赞扬了Tom的勇气和助人为乐的精神。 1．句意：上周六下午，天空突然变暗，强风猛烈地吹着。空格处修饰动词“blew”，需用副词形式。heavy的副词为heavily，意为“猛烈地”。故填heavily。 2．句意：黑云覆盖了整个村庄。空格后“whole village”为特指，需用定冠词“the”。“the whole village”意为“整个村庄”。故填the。 3．句意：他告诉他的家人和邻居不要恐慌。空前“his family and”提示空格处需填名词复数形式，与“family”并列。neighbor的复数形式为neighbors。故填neighbors。 4．句意：虽然他年纪小，但他决定帮助大家逃生。前句“he was young”与后句“he decided to help”构成让步关系，需用让步状语从句连词。Although/Though意为“虽然”，符合逻辑。故填Although/Though。 5．句意：他一直跑直到所有村民都安全了。主语“all villagers”为复数，且文章为一般过去时，be动词需用过去式were。故填were。 6．句意：这是他一生中做过的最勇敢的事。空前有定冠词“the”，空后为名词“thing”，提示此处需用形容词最高级。brave的最高级为bravest。故填bravest。 7．句意：他们带来水果感谢他。文章为一般过去时，需用动词过去式。bring的过去式为brought。故填brought。 8．句意：他经常鼓励他自己和他的朋友勇敢面对困难。空格处作动词“encourages”的宾语，且与主语“He”为同一人，需用反身代词。he的反身代词为himself。故填himself。 9．句意：因为他相信帮助别人是最有意义的事情。空格处作主语从句的主语，需用动名词形式。help的动名词为helping。故填helping。 10．句意：他准备了一些书来教他的朋友们关于灾害安全的知识。空格处表目的，需用不定式作目的状语。to teach意为“为了教”。故填to teach。 Passage 3 On the morning of April 10th, the news on TV 1 (report) that a strong wind was coming to the area. The expert advised that people should stay in houses to keep safe, warning them not 2 (go) outside unless necessary. In the afternoon, the sky turned dark. And the wind was much stronger than it was in the morning. Everyone in the city became busy, making 3 (prepare) for the coming storm. Many people were buying foods for the next three windy days while others were making 4 (they) way to the subway stations or the bus stations. The school finished earlier, so Zhang Wei was at home 5 the time of the big wind. He 6 (close) the windows when he noticed a cat outside. It was so small that the wind 7 (possible) blew it away. Zhang Wei opened the windows again and tried to let 8 cat come in. But it was too scared to move. How to save the cat? After some thought, Zhang Wei had an idea. He put some chicken in his hand and said, “Here, Kitty, dinner time!” Finally, the cat walked over. Zhang Wei picked it up quickly and put it in the house. The strong wind didn’t die down (减弱) 9 the third day. When Zhang Wei went out, he found that some windows broke and 10 (rubbish) was everywhere because of the wind. Zhang Wei joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the wind broke things apart, it brought people closer. 【答案】 1. reported 2. to go 3. preparations 4. their 5. at 6. was closing 7. possibly 8. the 9. until 10. rubbish 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了大风来临前人们的准备、大风期间张伟救助一只小猫以及大风过后人们一起清理社区的故事，展现了人们在面对自然灾害时的行为和互助精神。 1. 句意：4月10日早上，电视上的新闻报道一场强风即将席卷该地区。根据“On the morning of April 10th”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时。故填reported。 2. 句意：专家建议人们应该待在房子里以保证安全，警告他们除非必要，否则不要外出。“warn sb. not to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“警告某人不要做某事”，所以这里应填“to go”。故填to go。 3. 句意：城市里的每个人都忙碌起来，为即将到来的暴风雨做准备。“make preparations for...”是固定短语，意为“为……做准备”，所以这里应填“prepare”的名词复数形式。故填preparations。 4. 句意：许多人正在为接下来的三个大风天购买食物，而其他人则正前往地铁站或公交车站。“make one’s way to...”是固定短语，意为“前往……”，这里的主语是“others”，所以应填形容词性物主代词“their”。故填their。 5. 句意：学校提前放学了，所以大风来的时候张伟在家。“at the time of...”是固定短语，意为“在……的时候”。故填at。 6. 句意：当他注意到外面有一只猫时，他正在关窗户。根据“when he noticed a cat outside”可知，此处表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行，应该用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were + 动词的现在分词”，主语“He”是第三人称单数，所以用“was”，“close”的现在分词是“closing”。故填was closing。 7. 句意：它太小了，风可能会把它吹走。这里修饰动词“blew”应该用副词，“possible”的副词形式是“possibly”。故填possibly。 8. 句意：张伟再次打开窗户，试图让那只猫进来。这里特指前面提到的那只猫，所以用定冠词“the”。故填the。 9. 句意：强风直到第三天才减弱。“not...until...”是固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。故填until。 10. 句意：当张伟出去时，他发现一些窗户破了，到处都是垃圾。“rubbish”是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故填rubbish。 Passage 4 In the earliest times, men regarded lightning as one of the 1 (great) mysteries of nature. Some people in old times believed that lightning and thunder 2 (mean) that the gods got angry. Benjamin Franklin was the first to find that electricity has something to do 3 lightning in 1752. In the same year, he built the first lightning rod (避雷针). It can protect 4 (build) from being hit by lightning. Lightning does not always go from the cloud to the ground. Cloud-to-cloud lightning is the most common kind of lightning and can sometimes be seen at great distances at night. Sometimes you may only see 5 flash of light without thunder. 6 (science) judge that there are about 2,000 million flashes of lightning every year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it 7 (kill) about 100 people each year. Lightning is more dangerous than you thought. So 8 you are outside, you should go to low ground and not stay under trees. 9 (lie) flat (平躺地) on the ground in an open area is another way to help you stay safe. And when you are inside a house, you should close the windows and not touch wires (电线) or metal things. The safest place to be in case of (以防) an electrical storm is in a 10 (close) car. So next time you know what you should do when lightning happens. 【答案】 1. greatest 2. meant 3. with 4. buildings 5. a 6. Scientists 7. kills 8. when/if 9. Lying 10. closed 【导语】本文主要介绍了闪电这种自然现象的相关信息，包括古人对闪电的看法、本杰明·富兰克林对闪电的研究、闪电的种类、闪电的危害以及应对闪电的方法等。 1. 句意：在最早的时候，人们把闪电视为自然界最神秘的谜团之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，所以此处用great的最高级greatest。故填greatest。 2. 句意：古代有些人认为闪电和雷声意味着众神发怒了。根据“Some people in old times believed”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，所以此处用mean的过去式meant。故填meant。 3. 句意：1752年，本杰明·富兰克林第一个发现电与闪电有关。have something to do with“与……有关”，固定搭配。故填with。 4. 句意：它可以保护建筑物免受雷击。此处泛指建筑物，用名词复数形式buildings。故填buildings。 5. 句意：有时你可能只看到一道闪光而没有雷声。flash是可数名词单数，此处表示“一道闪光”，且flash是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a表示“一道”。故填a。 6. 句意：科学家们估计每年大约有20亿次闪电。此处泛指科学家，用名词复数形式scientists，句首首字母大写。故填Scientists。 7. 句意：仅在美国，每年就有大约100人死于闪电。根据“each year”可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时；主语“it”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，kill的第三人称单数形式是kills。故填kills。 8. 句意：所以当/如果你在外面，你应该去低地，不要待在树下。根据语境可知，此处表示假设，可以用if引导条件状语从句，或用when引导时间状语从句。故填when/if。 9. 句意：平躺在空旷的地面上是另一种帮助你保持安全的方法。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，用动名词lying作主语，句首首字母大写。故填Lying。 10. 句意：在暴风雨天气，最安全的地方是在封闭的汽车里。修饰名词“car”应用形容词closed“封闭的”。故填closed。 Passage 5 One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, while he 1 (plan) to go home, a snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, Nicholas was 2 (lose), all alone! He didn’t have food, a phone, or other 3 (supply). Nicholas had no idea 4 he was. He tried to think about the situation 5 (calm). He tried to recall all the survival shows he watched on TV and the 6 (use) tips they taught. It was time to put the tips he had learnt to use. He decided to stop skiing. There was a 7 (good) chance of someone finding him if he stayed out. The first thing he did was to find a shelter (庇护所) from the freezing wind and snow. If he didn’t, his body temperature 8 (get) very low, which could quickly kill him. Using his skis, Nicholas built a snow cave. He gathered a lot of snow and dug out a hole in the middle to stay warm. By that evening, Nicholas was really hungry. He ate snow and drank water from a nearby river so that 9 (he) body wouldn’t lose too much water. Not knowing how much longer he could last, Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled (蜷缩). The next day, Nicholas went out to look for help, 10 he couldn’t find anyone. He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave, or he could die that night. On Tuesday, Nicholas went out again to find help. He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. After two days stuck in the snow, Nicholas was saved. 【答案】 1．was planning 2．lost 3．supplies 4．where 5．calmly 6．useful 7．better 8．would get 9．his 10．but 【导语】本文讲述了一位少年滑雪时遭遇暴风雪迷路，通过运用从电视上学到的生存技巧搭建雪洞、保持水分，最终在两天后获救的故事。 1．句意：在下午早些时候，当他正计划回家时，一场暴风雪袭击了该地区。while引导时间状语从句，强调在某个动作发生的过程中另一动作发生，主句“a snowstorm swept”为一般过去时，从句需用过去进行时，表示“正在计划”，应填was planning。 2．句意：由于看不清远处，Nicholas迷路了，孤身一人！was后需接形容词作表语，表示状态。lose的形容词形式lost意为“迷路的”，符合语境。 3．句意：他没有食物、电话或其他补给品。other后需接名词复数形式，表示“其他的补给品”。supply作“补给品”讲时为可数名词，结合语境应用复数supplies。 4．句意：Nicholas不知道他在哪里。空格处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作地点状语，表示“在哪里”，故用where。 5．句意：他试图冷静地思考这个情况。修饰动词短语think about，需用副词形式。calm的副词为calmly，意为“冷静地” 6．句意：他努力回想他在电视上看过的所有生存节目以及它们教授的有用技巧。此处需形容词修饰名词tips。use的形容词形式useful意为“有用的”，符合语境。 7．句意：如果他待在户外，有人发现他的机会更大。根据语境，此处暗含与“继续滑雪”相比，留在户外被发现的机会“更大”，需用比较级。 8．句意：如果不这样做，他的体温会变得非常低，这可能很快导致他死亡。根据语境可知，此处是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般过去时，主句用“would+动词原形”，所以用would get。 9．句意：他吃雪、喝附近河里的水，这样他的身体就不会流失太多水分。空格处需形容词性物主代词修饰名词body。he的形容词性物主代词为his。 10．句意：第二天，Nicholas出去寻求帮助，但他找不到任何人。前后两个分句为转折关系，表示“出去找人，但是没找到”，故用but连接。 Passage 6 After a heavy storm in the sea, a man was washed up on a small island in the dark. As the morning came, he 1 (find) himself lying next to a big rock and there were pieces of wood of his ship on the sand. He walked around only to find it was an island 2 anyone else. Because of the terrible situation, he had to make a place to live and protect himself first. He came up with 3 idea. Then he built a little hut (棚屋) with the wood of his ship. The longer he lived on the island, the 4 (good) he could care for himself. 5 it was difficult, he seemed to get used to living alone on the island. But then, one day, when the man came back from looking for food, dark smoke 6 (rise) up to the sky from his hut at that time. There was a fire! To make things worse, the wind helped the fire make everything in a mess. The man couldn’t put out the fire. He cried and just waited for his 7 (die). Early the next day, the man was 8 (shock) to see a ship landing on the island. “How did you know I was here?” asked the man. “As soon as we noticed the smoke, we decided 9 (have) a look,” the sailor (驾船人) answered. In the end, the man was saved. When things are going bad, we may feel like giving up 10 (easy). But we should remember, even our little hut has gone, the smoke may help. For all the bad situations, we should always believe there is still a good answer for it. 【答案】 1. found 2. without 3. an 4. better 5. Although/Though 6. was rising 7. death 8. shocked 9. to have 10. easily 【导语】本文主要讲述了一名男子流落荒岛，在岛上独自生活了一段时间后，最后获救的故事。 1. 句意：第二天早上，他发现自己躺在一块大石头旁边，沙滩上有他的船的木块。find“发现”，动词；根据“As the morning came”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用find的过去式found。故填found。 2. 句意：他四处走动，却发现那是一个没有其他人的岛屿。根据“he seemed to get used to living alone on the island.”可知，岛上没有任何人。without“没有”，介词。故填without。 3. 句意：他想出了一个主意。根据“came up with … idea”可知，想出了一个主意。idea为元音音素开头的单词，此处表示“一个”，用不定冠词an。故填an。 4. 句意：他在岛上住的时间越长，就越能照顾好自己。good“好的”，形容词，结合“The longer he lived on the island, the”可知，在岛上住的时间越长，就越能照顾好自己。the+比较级，the+比较级“越……，越……”，此处用good的比较级better。故填better。 5. 句意：虽然很难，但他似乎已经习惯了独自住在岛上。“很难”和“他似乎已经习惯了独自住在岛上”是让步关系，此处用although/though“虽然；尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 6. 句意：但后来，有一天，当那人找食物回来时，他的小屋里冒出了黑烟。根据“But then, one day, when the man came back from looking for food”可知，当那人找食物回来时，他的小屋里冒出了黑烟。表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事，时态为过去进行时“was/were+现在分词”，主语为“dark smoke”，be动词用was，rise“上升”的现在分词形式为rising。故填was rising。 7. 句意：他哭了，只能等待死亡。die“死；死亡”，动词，根据“waited for his”可知，此处作宾语，用其名词形式death“死亡”。故填death。 8. 句意：第二天一早，这名男子震惊地看到一艘船着陆在岛上。shock“使震惊”，动词，此处作表语，且主语“the man”为人，用其形容词形式shocked“感到震惊的”。故填shocked。 9. 句意：“我们一注意到烟，就决定去看看，”水手回答。have a look“看一看”，动词短语；decide to do sth“决定做某事”，此处用have的不定式形式。故填to have。 10. 句意：当事情变得糟糕时，我们可能会想轻易放弃。easy“容易的”，形容词，此处修饰动词短语give up，用其副词形式easily“容易地；轻易地”。故填easily。 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $