Unit 2 Reading Plus讲练讲义2026–2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

本讲义围绕“Edward Jenner与天花防治”核心阅读主题，系统梳理重点单词（如vaccine, smallpox）、必背短语（used to be, protect...from）及语法点（强调句、定语从句、被动语态），构建从原文理解到语言知识再到写作应用的学习支架。 资料通过单词拓展、长难句结构分析提升语言能力，结合阅读理解判断与简答培养思维品质，配套解析版练习助力学习能力发展。例如强调句结构还原、被动语态句型转换等设计，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识弥补盲点。

Unit 2 Reading Plus讲练2026–2027学年人教版九年级上册 第一部分 课文原文 Edward Jenner and the Battle Against Smallpox Smallpox used to be one of the worst global diseases. It killed millions of people in history. However, we do not hear much about it anymore. Why? Because it is no longer around in nature. This happened mainly because of the work of Edward Jenner (1749–1823), an English doctor and scientist. 【译文】天花曾经是全球最可怕的疾病之一。历史上，它夺去了数百万人的生命。然而，现在我们很少听到天花了。为什么？因为自然界中已经不存在天花了。这一切主要归功于爱德华·詹纳（1749–1823），一位英国医生、科学家。 Jenner did not have an easy childhood. His parents died when he was young, and his elder brother raised him. It was difficult for him to do well in school, but he had a passion for nature. At 13, he became an apprentice to a doctor for eight years. An apprentice is a young person who learns a job by working for someone else. It was hard for doctors to be well-respected at that time because modern medicine had not fully developed. When he was 21, he studied at a hospital in London. 【译文】詹纳的童年十分坎坷。年幼时父母离世，由哥哥抚养长大。他在校成绩并不理想，但热爱大自然。13岁时，他拜师一名医生做了八年学徒。学徒就是通过为他人工作来学习一门手艺的年轻人。在那个年代，医生很难获得尊重，因为现代医学尚未完全发展。21岁时，他前往伦敦一家医院学习。 After he finished his studies, Jenner went back to his home in the countryside because he liked it more. There, he became a family doctor and people started to hear about his good work. In his free time, he continued to do research and study nature. 【译文】完成学业后，詹纳回到乡下的家乡，因为他更喜欢那里。在当地，他成为一名家庭医生，人们渐渐听闻他精湛的医术。闲暇之余，他持续做研究、研究自然。 It was while working as a doctor that Jenner discovered that milkmaids — women who milk cows — rarely got smallpox. They often got cowpox, a disease like smallpox, but these milkmaids did not get very sick and they did not die. He wondered: Do milkmaids get protected from smallpox just because they often get cowpox? 【译文】正是在行医期间，詹纳发现挤奶女工（挤牛奶的女性）很少感染天花。她们常会感染牛痘——一种类似天花的疾病，但挤奶女工不会病得很重，也不会因此死亡。他产生疑问：挤奶女工之所以能抵御天花，是不是因为她们经常感染牛痘？ To test this, Jenner came up with the idea of first giving some people cowpox, then giving them smallpox. These people did not get the smallpox! 【译文】为验证猜想，詹纳想出一个方案：先让一些人感染牛痘，再让他们接触天花。结果这些人并没有得上天花！ After many other tests, he realized that cowpox could actually be used to protect people from getting smallpox. 【译文】经过大量重复实验，他证实牛痘确实可以用来保护人们免受天花感染。 Jenner invented a new word to describe what he had created: “vaccine”. The word comes from the Latin word for “cow”. It was wonderful that, because of Jenner's work, smallpox is not around anymore and people no longer die from it. His pioneering research has been used to create vaccines for other diseases. 【译文】詹纳创造了一个新词命名他的发明：vaccine（疫苗）。这个单词源自拉丁语，本义是“牛”。令人振奋的是，得益于詹纳的研究，天花现已绝迹，不再夺走人类生命。他开创性的研究，也推动了其他疾病疫苗的研发。 第二部分 课文精讲 ✅ 一、重点单词（课内必考，词性+释义+拓展） 1. smallpox /ˈsmɔːlpɒks/ n. 天花 2. global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的 → globe n. 地球，球体 3. mainly /ˈmeɪnli/ adv. 主要地 → main adj. 主要的 4. apprentice /əˈprentɪs/ n. 学徒 5. respect /rɪˈspekt/ v. & n. 尊重 → well-respected adj. 备受尊敬的 6. develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；研制 → development n. 发展 7. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 乡下，农村 8. discover /dɪˈskʌvə(r)/ v. 发现 → discovery n. 发现（中考易混：invent 发明，创造原本没有的事物） 9. milkmaid /ˈmɪlkmeɪd/ n. 挤奶女工 10. rarely /ˈreəli/ adv. 很少，罕有（否定副词，反义：often） 11. cowpox /ˈkaʊpɒks/ n. 牛痘 12. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护 → protection n. 保护 13. realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ v. 意识到；实现 14. vaccine /ˈvæksiːn/ n. 疫苗 15. Latin /ˈlætɪn/ n. & adj. 拉丁语（的） 16. pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ/ adj. 开创性的，先驱的 → pioneer n. 先驱者 ✅ 二、必背短语（默写考点） 1. used to be 过去曾经是（现在不是了） 2. millions of 数百万的 3. not … anymore / no longer 不再 4. in nature 在自然界中 5. because of + 名词/短语 因为（区别 because + 句子） 6. have a passion for 热爱，对……充满热情 7. at the age of 13 = at 13 在13岁时 8. learn a job by doing sth 通过做某事学习一门技艺 9. at that time 在那时 10. finish one’s studies 完成学业 11. go back to 返回 12. in one’s free time 在某人空闲时间 13. do research 做研究 14. come up with 想出（主意、方案） 15. protect sb from (doing) sth 保护某人免受…… 16. come from 来自 17. because of one’s work 得益于某人的研究/工作 ✅ 三、长难句精讲（语法考点：强调句、定语从句、被动语态） 原句1：**It was while working as a doctor that Jenner discovered that milkmaids rarely got smallpox.** ✨ 语法：It was … that … **强调句型**，用来强调时间 while working as a doctor 翻译：正是在行医期间，詹纳发现挤奶女工很少感染天花。 结构还原（普通句）：Jenner discovered that milkmaids rarely got smallpox while working as a doctor. 原句2：An apprentice is a young person who learns a job by working for someone else. ✨ 语法：who 引导**定语从句**，修饰先行词 a young person 翻译：学徒就是通过为他人工作来学习一门手艺的年轻人。 原句3：After many other tests, he realized that cowpox could actually be used to protect people from getting smallpox. ✨ 语法：**情态动词的被动语态 could be used to do** 能够被用来做某事（中考核心考点！） 翻译：经过大量实验，他证实牛痘能够被用来保护人们免受天花感染。 原句4：His pioneering research has been used to create vaccines for other diseases. ✨ 语法：现在完成时被动 has been used 已经被用于…… 翻译：他开创性的研究已经被用于研发其他疾病的疫苗。 ✅ 四、写作主题提炼（书面表达素材：伟大人物） 万能人物写作模板（可直接背诵）： Edward Jenner was a great English doctor and scientist. He invented the vaccine to fight against smallpox. Thanks to his hard work, smallpox disappeared in nature. His pioneering research helps save millions of people. We should learn from his spirit of discovery. 第三部分 精讲精练【原卷版 】 一、单词拼写（根据句意及首字母提示完成单词） 1. S________ used to kill millions of people around the world. 2. We should try our best to p________ children from danger. 3. J________ has a passion for science and he does lots of research. 4. The word “vaccine” c________ from Latin. 5. It is amazing that his p________ study helped people beat smallpox. 二、短语填空（用方框内短语适当形式填空，每词限用一次） used to be; millions of; come up with; because of; protect…from 1. The town ________ very quiet, but now it is busy. 2. ________ visitors come to the museum every year. 3. The scientist ________ a new idea to solve the problem yesterday. 4. Many lives were saved ________ Jenner’s great work. 5. We wear masks to ________ ourselves ________ illness. 三、单项选择（语法+原文理解，中考题型） ( )1. It was ________ he worked in the countryside that he found the special way. A. what B. that C. when D. where ( )2. The vaccine can be used ________ people against smallpox. A. protect B. protecting C. to protect D. protected ( )3. He ________ an apprentice to a doctor when he was 13. A. become B. became C. has become D. will become ( )4. Milkmaids rarely got smallpox, ________? A. did they B. didn’t they C. do they D. don’t they ( )5. —Why is smallpox no longer around? —________ Jenner’s great research. A. Because B. Because of C. Since D. As 四、阅读理解（根据课文内容判断正T误F + 简答） ( )1. Edward Jenner was an American doctor and scientist. ( )2. Jenner’s parents died early and his elder brother raised him. ( )3. Jenner found milkmaids often got smallpox. ( )4. Cowpox helped people stay away from smallpox. ( )5. The word “vaccine” comes from a Latin word meaning “cow”. 简答：Why did Jenner want to do the test about cowpox and smallpox? ____________________________________________________________________ 五、句型转换（必考被动语态、强调句改写） 1. People use cowpox to protect people from smallpox.（改为被动语态） Cowpox ________ ________ to protect people from smallpox. 2. Jenner invented the word “vaccine”.（改为现在完成时被动） The word “vaccine” ________ ________ ________ by Jenner. 3. It was while working as a doctor that Jenner made the discovery.（改为普通陈述句） Jenner made the discovery ________________________________________. 六、短文填空（选词填空） protect, pioneering, millions, rarely, because of, discover, vaccine, come Edward Jenner was a great English doctor. Smallpox killed 1.________ of people long ago. Jenner 2.________ that milkmaids 3.________ had smallpox. It was 4.________ cowpox that they were safe. He found cowpox could 5.________ people from smallpox. He created the word “6.________”, which 7.________ from Latin. His 8.________ research saved lots of lives. 七、书面表达（80词左右：介绍伟人 Edward Jenner） 提示要点： 1. 身份：英国医生、科学家； 2. 发现：牛痘抵御天花； 3. 贡献：发明疫苗，消灭天花； 4. 评价：开创性研究，拯救无数生命。 ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ --- ✅ 第四部分 精讲精练【解析版】 参考答案与解析 一、单词拼写 1. Smallpox 2. protect 3. Jenner（注意人名大写） 4. comes 5. pioneering 二、短语填空 1. used to be 2. Millions of（句首大写） 3. came up with（yesterday 过去式） 4. because of 5. protect; from 三、单项选择 1. B 【解析】It was … that … 强调句型固定搭配 2. C 【解析】be used to do sth 被用来做某事 3. B 【解析】when he was 13 过去时间，用一般过去时 became 4. A 【解析】rarely 否定含义，前否后肯，一般过去时 did they 5. B 【解析】because of + 名词短语；because + 完整句子 四、阅读理解 判断+简答 1. F（English 不是 American） 2. T 3. F（rarely got smallpox 很少得天花） 4. T 5. T 简答答案：Because he wondered if cowpox could protect milkmaids from smallpox and he wanted to test the idea. 五、句型转换 1. is used（一般现在被动：am/is/are + done） 2. has been invented（现在完成时被动） 3. while working as a doctor 六、短文填空 1. millions 2. discovered（全文过去时态） 3. rarely 4. because of 5. protect（情态动词 could + 动词原形） 6. vaccine 7. comes 8. pioneering 七、书面表达【范文参考 82词】 Edward Jenner was a famous English doctor and scientist. Smallpox used to kill millions of people in history. Jenner discovered that milkmaids seldom got smallpox after having cowpox. He did many tests and proved cowpox could protect people from smallpox. He created the word “vaccine”. Thanks to his pioneering research, smallpox disappeared in nature and many lives were saved. We should learn from his spirit of exploring new things. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $