Unit 4 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing（阅读课分层作业）英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 分层清晰，从基础语法到语篇思维递进，适配新授课巩固与能力提升，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|基础词汇、语法（如death/dead/death词性转换、非谓语动词）|单句语法填空、完成句子，聚焦单一知识点应用| |B组能力进阶|语篇语法（如时态、连词）、信息获取（细节理解、词义猜测）|语篇语法填空（唐山地震等主题）、多题材阅读理解，强化语篇层面语言能力| |C组思维拔高|篇章结构、逻辑推理（如七选五衔接、完形上下文理解）|七选五（家庭预算等话题）、完形填空（地震求生情境），提升思维品质与问题解决能力|

分层作业 Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 单句语法填空 1．The bird has been for two days. (death) 2．His father three years ago. (death) 3．The flood had a bad on the local people. (affect) 4．With so many people (bury) in ruins, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 5．I like to live in the countryside where the air is good to (breath) . 6．I’m happy to say there seems to be a (revive) and growing interest in kitemaking. 7．They were able to get this pipe through and talk to the (trap) miners. 8．Women who eat plenty of fresh vegetables are far less likely (suffer) anxiety or depression. 9．I was shocked (hear) the news that he had been fired. 10．Several cars (damage) in the crash. 11．Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it (be) going to rain. 12．Scientists have made a tiny battery as thin as a human hair. Because it’s so small, it could help tiny robots enter the body (deliver) medicine. 13．The man spoke loudly to make himself (hear). 14．In severe cases, your body isn’t able to sweat, (cause) your body temperature to skyrocket (急升). 15．She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make hard for them to calm down and sleep. 2、 完成句子 1．一个错误就可以毁掉你的未来。 One mistake can ________. 2．一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂，电力中断。 One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and _______________________. 3．在某些地方，污染非常严重，使得人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。 In some places, the pollution is very serious, _________________________________. 4．Many people ______________ the film Wolf Warrior II. 很多人都被电影《战狼II》打动了。 5．Very few artists ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the world of music as he does. 极少艺术家对音乐有和他同样的影响。 3、 语法填空 （一） Strange things were happening in Tangshan. For a few days, the water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks in the well walls, some smelly gas came out. Mice, chickens and pigs became nervous. 1 people didn't realize that one of the deadly earthquakes was on the way. The earthquake which destroyed the city 2 (shock) the people. At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 3 end. In less than one minute, the city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or were 4 (injure). Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. However, hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent 5 (rescue) the people. They dug out those who 6 (trap) and buried the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors 7 homes had been destroyed. 8 (slow), the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The city has proved 9 China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the 10 (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. （二） Located at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, the ancient city of Pompeii met its tragic end in 79 AD．The sudden eruption of the volcano buried the city under thick ash, 11 (leave) its inhabitants trapped in time. Buried for nearly 1,700 years, the city was accidentally rediscovered, 12 offered a unique window into the Roman Empire. Today, Pompeii stands as a clear reminder of the 13 (predict) power of nature. Walking through the ruined streets, visitors can see perfectly preserved houses and even the casts of the victims. 14 makes the site so fascinating is that it freezes a moment in history, allowing us 15 (connect) with the past on a deeply personal level. However, the preservation of Pompeii is not 16 challenges. Millions of tourists and exposure to the elements 17 (threaten) its survival over the past decades. Only by employing advanced conservation techniques can this invaluable heritage 18 (protect). It is high time that we 19 (take) immediate action to ensure Pompeii remains intact (完整的) for 20 (generation) to come. 4、 阅读理解 (A) Scientists in the United States have developed a computer program that they say could provide an early warning of major earthquakes. The new system is designed to give warnings seconds before an earthquake strikes. That may not sound like very long. However, it could give people time to get under a table or take shelter someplace safe. The flow of electric power or gas could be cut off. Air traffic controllers could warn away pilots. Even so­called “smart buildings” could be designed to get ready. The system uses a mathematical program to measure information collected by instruments deployed across the Los Angeles area. Southern California has more than 150 seismic (地震的) stations that measure movements within the ground. The information they collect is sent to a high­speed computer. An earthquake shakes the ground with two kinds of waves. The new system uses information from a low­energy wave that moves quickly but causes little damage. Experts call this the P­wave. The slower but stronger S­wave is the main threat to life. Japan has a system based on P­waves. There, the warnings are used to slow down high­speed bullet trains. Other countries have warning systems that measure S­waves. The new system is designed to estimate the strength of the earthquake once the shaking starts. Areas directly above the center of the earthquake would have the least warning. Distant places might have as long as forty seconds. The scientists are still testing their system in the Los Angeles area. Professor Allen notes that an early warning system for earthquakes would require great attention from the public. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the new earthquake warning system? A．It can give people enough time to run away from earthquakes. B．It can give people seconds to take immediate measures. C．It is developed in Japan. D．It is a system based on S­waves. 2．Which of the following can benefit from the new system most? A．Areas far away from the center of the earthquake. B．Areas directly above the center of the earthquake. C．The Los Angel-es area. D．High­speed bullet trains. 3．From what Professor Allen notes in the last paragraph we can infer that________. A．it’s very important for people to become educated B．it’s very important to warn people before an earthquake starts C．it’s very important for people to know about earthquakes D．it’s very important for people to know about the new system (B) According to NASA, wildfires have doubled worldwide because of climate change. Throughout the globe, governments and environmentalists have been trying to find ways to curb the fires. One particular national park in Spain has found a solution that has been keeping it fire-free for over ten years: donkeys (驴). Since 2014, the Firefighting Donkey Battalion made up of 18 donkeys has been preventing wildfires in Doñana National Park in Doñana, Spain. The mission of these donkeys is simple: to eat the dry brush that usually causes and strengthens wildfires. The donkeys spend up to seven hours a day grazing (吃草) and clearing a 130 by 50 feet area of dried grass, scrub, and other vegetation (植被). While humans can do this type of dry brush clearing, using donkeys for this work is arguably more effective. Donkeys are able to quietly walk in areas that vehicles can’t reach. In exchange for finishing the meal, the donkeys get lots of water and rest. No money or other supplies needed. The donkeys’ bodies are also built for this kind of environmental work, too. Their stomachs can eat dry grass repeatedly without issues. These daily grazings slowly but surely remove possible sources of fires. Having donkeys or other animals graze in such areas was once more common in agriculture before modern farming. Some argue that the mechanization of farming and urbanization have reduced the number of grazing animals. This in turn leads to more vegetation growth, which creates dry spots where more wildfires can occur. This method has been so successful that other areas of Spain have adopted it. In 2020, Tivissa started the Burros Bomberos project with three donkeys, and now they have 40 donkeys grazing and clearing nearly 400 hectares of land. The Andrea Association in Allariz uses a team of donkeys to clear and maintain nearly 1,000 hectares of a biosphere reserve. According to the GPS used to monitor the donkeys’ activity, the group of grazers travel 19 kilometers per day to feed. 4．What does the underlined word “curb” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Forecast. B．Survive. C．Monitor. D．Control. 5．What are the 18 donkeys expected to do? A．Figure out signs of wildfires. B．Remove possible sources of fires. C．Eat fresh grass in several parks. D．Help firefighters put out wildfires. 6．What does paragraph 3 focus on concerning donkeys? A．Their advantages. B．Their responsibilities. C．Their survival strategies. D．Their incredible achievements. 7．What can be known about the method? A．It is widely accepted. B．It is limited to farmland. C．It threatens donkeys’ lives. D．It was uncommon in the past. (C) Scientists say they have discovered three new species of fish in one of the deepest places on Earth. All the three species were found in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of Chile and Peru. They were deep in the Atacama Trench — 7,500 meters below the surface. Researchers from Britain’s Newcastle University say the new species have been given temporary names based on their coloring. They are known as “the pink, the blue and the purple Atacama Snailfish (狮子鱼)”. The three snailfish species are different from most other fish. Their unusual bodies are built to deal with the cold water and extreme pressure deep in the ocean. All three are small and translucent, meaning light can pass through their skin. They also have no scales (鳞片) on the skin for protection. Other scientists say the “blue” Atacama Snailfish appears to be a rare “winged” snailfish. But it has long fin (鳍) and big head similar to the Ethereal Snailfish off the coast of Mariana Islands. The “pink” is closer in appearance to the Mariana Snailfish, a species found in the deepest part of Mariana Trench on the other side of the Pacific Ocean. The third species is a small purple snailfish. It is similar to the fish living at the depth of 3,500 meters. One of the purple snailfish, about 9 centimeters long, was brought to the surface for further study. From the video shot by the scientists of Newcastle University, Linley said, “There is something about the snailfish that allows them to adapt to living very deep. Beyond the reach of other fish they are free of competitors and predators (捕食者).” 8．What causes the special bodies of the three new species of fish? A．The cold water. B．Great pressure beneath the deep sea. C．Many competitors and predators. D．Both A and B． 9．What does the underlined word “translucent” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Allowing seeing through. B．Full of strength. C．Traditional. D．Different. 10．Which fish is similar to the Mariana Snailfish? A．The Ethereal Snailfish. B．The pink Atacama Snailfish. C．The blue Atacama Snailfish. D．The purple Atacama Snailfish. 11．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Species of fish and predators. B．Introduction to the underwater world. C．Abundant ocean resources. D．Three new fish species found in the Pacific Ocean. (D) Heavy smoke. Burned-down houses. Burnt land. These were a common sight in Australia because of bush fires that lasted from September 2019 to March 2020. Around 1.25 billion animals died in the fires, Vox reported. Since last September, at least 109,265 square kilometers of land have burned in Australia in one of the country’s worst fire seasons on record. That’s an area larger than Portugal. The fires killed at least 29 people and destroyed some 2,500 homes. Like millions of others around the world, 18-year-old Rachel Ratelle from the US saw news of the fires. She felt down as she watched an injured koala trying to climb a tree to safety. She cried for a long time that night. But unlike many people, she decided to do something about it. She researched wildlife rescue (救援) organizations in Australia to find out what they needed most. Many groups were asking for hand-sewn pouches (手工缝制的育儿袋) for animals like koalas and kangaroos that lost their homes and parents in the fires. Ratelle wanted to provide these things, but there was just one problem. “I’d never sewn in my life,” Ratelle said. “Giving money seemed like something too simple. I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew.” Over the next month, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew by watching online videos. She sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and sent them to wildlife rescue organizations in Australia. A week later, she received a photo from an organization with a baby kangaroo in one of her pouches. She said it was a great feeling. “I did what I am supposed to do, and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” Ratelle said. “I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people who have suffered from natural disasters (自然灾害).” 12．What can we learn about the bush fires in Australia? A．Portugal was influenced by them. B．They lasted many years. C．Their influence was very serious. D．Many animals died out because of them. 13．Why did Ratelle choose to sew pouches for animals? A．Because she knew how to sew. B．Because she wanted to offer direct help. C．Because she has always wanted to learn how to sew. D．Because very few people donated hand-sewn pouches. 14．From the story, we know that Ratelle ________. A．will keep sewing to help others B．did nothing to help actually C．wants more people to learn how to sew D．was sad that she could not help more animals 15．Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A．Why Is Sewing So Popular? B．Different Opinions on Wildlife C．How Do Fires Influence Our Lives? D．Small Acts Can Help in a Huge Way 5、 七选五 (A) Families need to budget (预算) carefully to pay all their costs and save for the future. Making plans is very important. But there are also creative ways to keep costs down in your daily life. Made with love People spend a lot of money buying gifts. Cards and gifts for holidays or birthdays can be expensive. You can： 1 . Your gift will be one of a kind. The love and time you put in are worth more to the person who receives your gift than the money you spend. 2 Do you know how much it costs to own and use a car? Depending on what kind of car you drive and how much it is used, gas can cost more than $2，000 per year. And insurance costs even more on top of that. You can: Walk or ride a bike. It’s free. 3 . Of course, walking and biking can also keep you active. A walk in the park 4 . Amusement park (游乐场) tickets, for example, usually cost about $100 per person, per day. You can: Get close to nature and go camping  at state and national parks. The cost of admission (门票费) to a national park is usually about $20 per family, no matter how many days you stay.  This means four people could take a seven­day trip to a national park for just $20 in admission tickets. 5 . Or try a staycation! Check your local paper for local free concerts and other events. A．On the move B．Make your own gift C．Buy gifts for your family D．Find out how much money you have spent E．Vacations can not only be a lot of fun but also be expensive F．The same trip to an amusement park would cost $2，800 in tickets alone G．You save money and help the environment when you don’t take a car ride (B) Among some of the most terrible weather events, hail (冰雹) can happen anywhere around us. Sizes of hailstones usually range from the pea-sized to the softball-sized. 6 . It is necessary to take measures to help prevent damage to your home, vehicles and yourself. ●  Be informed about a hailstorm. The weather changes without warning, so you need to have prevention awareness. You can check weather apps and official weather reports regularly. Turn on your phone’s emergency weather alarms. 7 . ●  Protect your property (财产) before a hailstorm. 8 . Take measures to be ready for it. Firstly, you can cover outdoor items like glass tables with thick pieces of cloth or store them indoors. Secondly, you are recommended to use window safety films to help prevent the glass from being broken. What’s more, you need to park your vehicles in a covered area. ●   9 . When the hail hits, seeking shelter in a safe building immediately is the first principle. 10 , find a place to safely park your car and stay away from trees, towers and electric poles to avoid injuries from lightning. If you’re travelling outdoors with no accessible shelter, crouch down (蹲下), face away from the wind and protect your head and neck with your hands. A．If you’re working outside B．Stay safe during a hailstorm C．Act quickly after a hailstorm D．If you’re driving on the road E．Keep an eye on TV or radio news to get timely notices F．However, any hailstone over 1.5 inches can cause significant damage G．The majority of the recorded damage from hail was to homes and vehicles 6、 完形填空 It was a (n) 1 day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a 2 resort (旅游胜地). They were 3 a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to 4 . In just two minutes, everything changed completely! They were in the middle of a very strong 5 ! The Lins tried to 6 some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that moment, Mr Lin decided to take the lead (指引). He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are 7 . We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must 8 here tonight.” They all knew that they were in 9 . Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to 10 food and blankets (毯子). They found some, but not 11 for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided (分成) the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also 12 all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights (手电筒). Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones, and the 13 in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was 14 but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. They also knew that when an earthquake happens, the most important thing to do is to stay 15 . 1．A．disappointed B．interesting C．terrible D．boring 2．A．lake B．forest C．mountain D．river 3．A．take B．taking C．make D．making 4．A．shake B．shock C．jump D．play 5．A．snowstorm B．earthquake C．rainstorm D．flood 6．A．believe B．serve C．beat D．find 7．A．wet B．long C．narrow D．straight 8．A．sit B．keep C．leave D．stay 9．A．line B．public C．danger D．silence 10．A．look up B．look for C．look after D．look at 11．A．expensive B．easy C．exciting D．enough 12．A．covered B．collected C．controlled D．competed 13．A．line B．language C．light D．litter 14．A．pleasant B．relaxed C．happy D．tired 15．A．calm B．anxious C．amazing D．angry 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking & Reading for Writing 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 单句语法填空 1．The bird has been for two days. (death) 2．His father three years ago. (death) 3．The flood had a bad on the local people. (affect) 4．With so many people (bury) in ruins, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 5．I like to live in the countryside where the air is good to (breath) . 6．I’m happy to say there seems to be a (revive) and growing interest in kitemaking. 7．They were able to get this pipe through and talk to the (trap) miners. 8．Women who eat plenty of fresh vegetables are far less likely (suffer) anxiety or depression. 9．I was shocked (hear) the news that he had been fired. 10．Several cars (damage) in the crash. 11．Look at the clouds in the sky! It looks as if it (be) going to rain. 12．Scientists have made a tiny battery as thin as a human hair. Because it’s so small, it could help tiny robots enter the body (deliver) medicine. 13．The man spoke loudly to make himself (hear). 14．In severe cases, your body isn’t able to sweat, (cause) your body temperature to skyrocket (急升). 15．She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make hard for them to calm down and sleep. 【答案】 1．dead 2．died 3．effect 4．buried 5．breathe 6．revival 7．trapped 8．to suffer 9．to hear 10．were damaged 11．is 12．to deliver 13．heard 14．causing 15．it 2、 完成句子 1．一个错误就可以毁掉你的未来。 One mistake can ________. 2．一天夜里，一切都开始摇晃起来。水管爆裂，电力中断。 One night, everything began to shake, the pipes bursting and _______________________. 3．在某些地方，污染非常严重，使得人们很难呼吸到新鲜空气。 In some places, the pollution is very serious, _________________________________. 4．Many people ______________ the film Wolf Warrior II. 很多人都被电影《战狼II》打动了。 5．Very few artists ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the world of music as he does. 极少艺术家对音乐有和他同样的影响。 【答案】 1．ruin your future 2．the electricity cut off 3．and makes it hard for people to breathe fresh air 4．were struck by 5．have the same influence/effect on 3、 语法填空 （一） Strange things were happening in Tangshan. For a few days, the water in the wells rose and fell. From the cracks in the well walls, some smelly gas came out. Mice, chickens and pigs became nervous. 1 people didn't realize that one of the deadly earthquakes was on the way. The earthquake which destroyed the city 2 (shock) the people. At 3:42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 3 end. In less than one minute, the city lay in ruins. Two thirds of the people died or were 4 (injure). Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. However, hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, soldiers were sent 5 (rescue) the people. They dug out those who 6 (trap) and buried the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care. Workers built shelters for survivors 7 homes had been destroyed. 8 (slow), the city began to breathe again. With strong support from the government, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. The city has proved 9 China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the 10 (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 【答案】 1．But 2．shocked 3．an 4．injured 5．to rescue 6．were trapped 7．whose 8．Slowly 9．to 10．wisdom 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了二十世纪发生在中国的唐山大地震；其中包括震前的征兆；地震发生的具体时间；地震造成的破坏程度以及伤亡人数；地震的救援情况等。 1．考查连词。句意：老鼠，鸡和猪变得紧张。但是人们没有意识到一场致命的地震即将来临。前后内容是转折关系，应用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。 2．考查时态。句意：摧毁这座城市的地震震惊了人们。描述过去发生的事件，用一般过去时，故填shocked。 3．考查冠词。句意：似乎世界末日就要来了。结合句意表示“结束”短语为come to an end。故填an。 4．考查时态语态。句意：三分之二的人死亡或受伤。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据空前were可知为一般过去时的被动语态，故填injured。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意： 地震发生后不久，士兵们被派去营救人们。分析句子结构可知rescue在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处不定式作目的状语，故填to rescue。 6．考查时态语态。句意：他们挖出了被困的人，埋葬了死者。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语与先行词those保持一致，用复数。故填were trapped。 7．考查定语从句。句意：工作人员为家园被毁的幸存者建造庇护所。此处为定语从句修饰先行词survivors ，在从句中作定语，故填whose。 8．考查副词。句意：慢慢地城市开始恢复生机。修饰后文整个句子应用副词slowly，作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Slowly。 9．考查介词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。结合句意表示“向……证明”短语为prove to。故填to。 10．考查名词。句意：这座城市向中国和世界证明了人们必须团结起来，展示智慧，保持乐观，重建美好的未来。此处作宾语，表示“智慧”应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。 （二） Located at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, the ancient city of Pompeii met its tragic end in 79 AD．The sudden eruption of the volcano buried the city under thick ash, 11 (leave) its inhabitants trapped in time. Buried for nearly 1,700 years, the city was accidentally rediscovered, 12 offered a unique window into the Roman Empire. Today, Pompeii stands as a clear reminder of the 13 (predict) power of nature. Walking through the ruined streets, visitors can see perfectly preserved houses and even the casts of the victims. 14 makes the site so fascinating is that it freezes a moment in history, allowing us 15 (connect) with the past on a deeply personal level. However, the preservation of Pompeii is not 16 challenges. Millions of tourists and exposure to the elements 17 (threaten) its survival over the past decades. Only by employing advanced conservation techniques can this invaluable heritage 18 (protect). It is high time that we 19 (take) immediate action to ensure Pompeii remains intact (完整的) for 20 (generation) to come. 【答案】 11．leaving 12．which 13．unpredictable 14．What 15．to connect 16．without 17．have threatened 18．be protected 19．took/should take 20．generations 【导语】本文介绍了庞贝古城因火山喷发被掩埋、重现古罗马风貌，同时讲述遗址如今面临保护难题并呼吁采取保护措施。 【详解】11．考查非谓语动词。句意：火山突然喷发，厚厚的火山灰将整座城市掩埋，居民就此永远定格在那个瞬间。句子已有谓语buried，逗号前整句与leave是主谓关系，此空是现在分词leaving，作状语。 12．考查定语从句。句意：在地下埋藏近1700年后，这座古城意外重见天日，为我们了解古罗马帝国打开了一扇独一无二的窗口。此空引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事，作从句主语，此空是关系代词which。 13．考查形容词。句意：如今，庞贝时刻提醒着人们大自然那难以预测的力量。根据“power of nature”可知，此空是形容词unpredictable，表示“无法预测的”，作定语。 14．考查主语从句。句意：这座遗址之所以极具魅力，是因为它定格了历史的某个瞬间，让我们得以从极具个人共鸣的层面与历史产生联结。此空引导主语从句，作从句主语，表示“……的事物/地方”，所以此处使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处是固定搭配“allow sb. to do sth. (允许某人做某事)”，此空是动词不定式to connect，作宾补。 16．考查介词。句意：然而，庞贝的保护工作并非毫无挑战。根据“However, the preservation”以及“not ____ challenges”可知，此处是固定搭配not without，表示“不是没有”，双重否定表肯定，此空是介词without。 17．考查动词时态。句意：过去数十年里，数百万游客与风吹日晒一直威胁着遗址的存续。根据时间状语“over the past decades”以及复数主语“Millions of tourists and exposure to the elements”可知，此空是现在完成时have threatened。 18．考查被动语态。句意：只有采用先进的保护技术，这份珍贵遗产才能得到妥善保护。此处是“only+状语”的部分倒装，根据heritage与protect的动宾关系以及情态动词can可知，此空是be protected。 19．考查固定句型。句意：我们亟需立刻采取行动，以此确保庞贝能完整留存，惠及后世子孙。此处是固定句型It is high time that...，从句谓语用一般过去时或should+动词原形，此空是took或should take。 20．考查名词。句意：同上。根据“to come”可知，此处是固定短语for generations to come，表示“为子孙后代”，此空是名词复数generations，作宾语。 4、 阅读理解 (A) Scientists in the United States have developed a computer program that they say could provide an early warning of major earthquakes. The new system is designed to give warnings seconds before an earthquake strikes. That may not sound like very long. However, it could give people time to get under a table or take shelter someplace safe. The flow of electric power or gas could be cut off. Air traffic controllers could warn away pilots. Even so­called “smart buildings” could be designed to get ready. The system uses a mathematical program to measure information collected by instruments deployed across the Los Angeles area. Southern California has more than 150 seismic (地震的) stations that measure movements within the ground. The information they collect is sent to a high­speed computer. An earthquake shakes the ground with two kinds of waves. The new system uses information from a low­energy wave that moves quickly but causes little damage. Experts call this the P­wave. The slower but stronger S­wave is the main threat to life. Japan has a system based on P­waves. There, the warnings are used to slow down high­speed bullet trains. Other countries have warning systems that measure S­waves. The new system is designed to estimate the strength of the earthquake once the shaking starts. Areas directly above the center of the earthquake would have the least warning. Distant places might have as long as forty seconds. The scientists are still testing their system in the Los Angeles area. Professor Allen notes that an early warning system for earthquakes would require great attention from the public. 1．Which of the following is TRUE about the new earthquake warning system? A．It can give people enough time to run away from earthquakes. B．It can give people seconds to take immediate measures. C．It is developed in Japan. D．It is a system based on S­waves. 2．Which of the following can benefit from the new system most? A．Areas far away from the center of the earthquake. B．Areas directly above the center of the earthquake. C．The Los Angel-es area. D．High­speed bullet trains. 3．From what Professor Allen notes in the last paragraph we can infer that________. A．it’s very important for people to become educated B．it’s very important to warn people before an earthquake starts C．it’s very important for people to know about earthquakes D．it’s very important for people to know about the new system 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要是讲述了一种新的地震警报系统，介绍了其工作原理以及优势。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The new system is designed to give warnings seconds before an earthquake strikes.(新系统的设计目的是在地震发生前几秒钟发出警报)”可知，B选项“它可以给人们几秒钟的时间采取立即的措施”正确。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The new system is designed to estimate the strength of the earthquake once the shaking starts. Areas directly above the center of the earthquake would have the least warning. Distant places might have as long as forty seconds.(新系统的设计目的是在地震开始时估计地震的强度。地震中心正上方的地区预警最少。遥远的地方可能有长达40秒的时间)”可知，远离地震中心的地区可以从新系统中获益最多。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The scientists are still testing their system in the Los Angeles area. Professor Allen notes that an early warning system for earthquakes would require great attention from the public.(科学家们仍在洛杉矶地区测试他们的系统。艾伦教授指出，地震早期预警系统需要公众的高度关注)”可知，人们了解新系统是非常重要的。故选D。 (B) According to NASA, wildfires have doubled worldwide because of climate change. Throughout the globe, governments and environmentalists have been trying to find ways to curb the fires. One particular national park in Spain has found a solution that has been keeping it fire-free for over ten years: donkeys (驴). Since 2014, the Firefighting Donkey Battalion made up of 18 donkeys has been preventing wildfires in Doñana National Park in Doñana, Spain. The mission of these donkeys is simple: to eat the dry brush that usually causes and strengthens wildfires. The donkeys spend up to seven hours a day grazing (吃草) and clearing a 130 by 50 feet area of dried grass, scrub, and other vegetation (植被). While humans can do this type of dry brush clearing, using donkeys for this work is arguably more effective. Donkeys are able to quietly walk in areas that vehicles can’t reach. In exchange for finishing the meal, the donkeys get lots of water and rest. No money or other supplies needed. The donkeys’ bodies are also built for this kind of environmental work, too. Their stomachs can eat dry grass repeatedly without issues. These daily grazings slowly but surely remove possible sources of fires. Having donkeys or other animals graze in such areas was once more common in agriculture before modern farming. Some argue that the mechanization of farming and urbanization have reduced the number of grazing animals. This in turn leads to more vegetation growth, which creates dry spots where more wildfires can occur. This method has been so successful that other areas of Spain have adopted it. In 2020, Tivissa started the Burros Bomberos project with three donkeys, and now they have 40 donkeys grazing and clearing nearly 400 hectares of land. The Andrea Association in Allariz uses a team of donkeys to clear and maintain nearly 1,000 hectares of a biosphere reserve. According to the GPS used to monitor the donkeys’ activity, the group of grazers travel 19 kilometers per day to feed. 4．What does the underlined word “curb” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Forecast. B．Survive. C．Monitor. D．Control. 5．What are the 18 donkeys expected to do? A．Figure out signs of wildfires. B．Remove possible sources of fires. C．Eat fresh grass in several parks. D．Help firefighters put out wildfires. 6．What does paragraph 3 focus on concerning donkeys? A．Their advantages. B．Their responsibilities. C．Their survival strategies. D．Their incredible achievements. 7．What can be known about the method? A．It is widely accepted. B．It is limited to farmland. C．It threatens donkeys’ lives. D．It was uncommon in the past. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了西班牙多尼亚纳国家公园利用驴群吃草清除干燥植被以预防野火的方法，该方式成效显著并在多地推广。 【详解】4．词句猜测题。根据第一段“According to NASA, wildfires have doubled worldwide because of climate change. Throughout the globe, governments and environmentalists have been trying to find ways to curb the fires. (据美国国家航空航天局称，由于气候变化，全球野火数量翻了一番。在全球范围内，政府和环保主义者一直在努力寻找curb火灾的方法)”可知，野火数量增加，所以政府和环保主义者会寻找控制火灾的方法，curb意为“控制”，与Control意义相近。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The mission of these donkeys is simple: to eat the dry brush that usually causes and strengthens wildfires. (这些驴的任务很简单：吃掉通常引发和加剧野火的干燥灌木)”以及第三段“These daily grazings slowly but surely remove possible sources of fires. (这些日常的吃草行为缓慢但确实地消除了可能的火源)”可知，18头驴的任务是吃掉干燥的灌木，这些灌木通常会引发并加剧野火。因此，它们被期望清除可能的火源。 6．主旨大意题。根据第三段“While humans can do this type of dry brush clearing, using donkeys for this work is arguably more effective. (虽然人类也可以做这种干燥灌木的清理工作，但使用驴来做这项工作可以说更有效)”及全段围绕驴能进入车辆难达区域、无须报酬、肠胃适应干草等内容的阐述可知，本段强调了驴子在这项工作中的优势。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This method has been so successful that other areas of Spain have adopted it. (这种方法非常成功，以至于西班牙的其他地区也采用了它)”可推知，该方法已得到广泛认可和应用。 (C) Scientists say they have discovered three new species of fish in one of the deepest places on Earth. All the three species were found in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of Chile and Peru. They were deep in the Atacama Trench — 7,500 meters below the surface. Researchers from Britain’s Newcastle University say the new species have been given temporary names based on their coloring. They are known as “the pink, the blue and the purple Atacama Snailfish (狮子鱼)”. The three snailfish species are different from most other fish. Their unusual bodies are built to deal with the cold water and extreme pressure deep in the ocean. All three are small and translucent, meaning light can pass through their skin. They also have no scales (鳞片) on the skin for protection. Other scientists say the “blue” Atacama Snailfish appears to be a rare “winged” snailfish. But it has long fin (鳍) and big head similar to the Ethereal Snailfish off the coast of Mariana Islands. The “pink” is closer in appearance to the Mariana Snailfish, a species found in the deepest part of Mariana Trench on the other side of the Pacific Ocean. The third species is a small purple snailfish. It is similar to the fish living at the depth of 3,500 meters. One of the purple snailfish, about 9 centimeters long, was brought to the surface for further study. From the video shot by the scientists of Newcastle University, Linley said, “There is something about the snailfish that allows them to adapt to living very deep. Beyond the reach of other fish they are free of competitors and predators (捕食者).” 8．What causes the special bodies of the three new species of fish? A．The cold water. B．Great pressure beneath the deep sea. C．Many competitors and predators. D．Both A and B． 9．What does the underlined word “translucent” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A．Allowing seeing through. B．Full of strength. C．Traditional. D．Different. 10．Which fish is similar to the Mariana Snailfish? A．The Ethereal Snailfish. B．The pink Atacama Snailfish. C．The blue Atacama Snailfish. D．The purple Atacama Snailfish. 11．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Species of fish and predators. B．Introduction to the underwater world. C．Abundant ocean resources. D．Three new fish species found in the Pacific Ocean. 【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 【导语】文章主要介绍科学家在太平洋阿塔卡马海沟发现了三种新狮子鱼，介绍了它们的命名方式、外形特征、身体构造特点以及相关物种对比，并说明了狮子鱼能够适应深海环境的原因。 【详解】8．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“The three snailfish species are different from most other fish. Their unusual bodies are built to deal with the cold water and extreme pressure deep in the ocean.(这三种狮子鱼和大多数其他鱼类不同。它们独特的身体构造是为了应对深海的冷水与极端压力。)”可知，冷水和深海巨大压力造就了这三种新鱼类特殊的身体结构。 9．词句猜测题。根据原文第五段“All three are small and translucent, meaning light can pass through their skin.(这三种鱼体型小巧且translucent，意思是光线可以穿透它们的皮肤。)”可知，translucent指能够透光、可以看穿。 10．细节理解题。根据原文第七段“The “pink” is closer in appearance to the Mariana Snailfish, a species found in the deepest part of Mariana Trench on the other side of the Pacific Ocean.(“粉色”狮子鱼外形和马里亚纳狮子鱼更为相近，马里亚纳狮子鱼是在太平洋另一端马里亚纳海沟最深处发现的物种。)”可知，粉色阿塔卡马狮子鱼和马里亚纳狮子鱼相似。 11．主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“Scientists say they have discovered three new species of fish in one of the deepest places on Earth.(科学家称他们在地球上最深的区域之一发现了三种新鱼类。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述在太平洋发现三种新鱼类。 (D) Heavy smoke. Burned-down houses. Burnt land. These were a common sight in Australia because of bush fires that lasted from September 2019 to March 2020. Around 1.25 billion animals died in the fires, Vox reported. Since last September, at least 109,265 square kilometers of land have burned in Australia in one of the country’s worst fire seasons on record. That’s an area larger than Portugal. The fires killed at least 29 people and destroyed some 2,500 homes. Like millions of others around the world, 18-year-old Rachel Ratelle from the US saw news of the fires. She felt down as she watched an injured koala trying to climb a tree to safety. She cried for a long time that night. But unlike many people, she decided to do something about it. She researched wildlife rescue (救援) organizations in Australia to find out what they needed most. Many groups were asking for hand-sewn pouches (手工缝制的育儿袋) for animals like koalas and kangaroos that lost their homes and parents in the fires. Ratelle wanted to provide these things, but there was just one problem. “I’d never sewn in my life,” Ratelle said. “Giving money seemed like something too simple. I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew.” Over the next month, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew by watching online videos. She sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and sent them to wildlife rescue organizations in Australia. A week later, she received a photo from an organization with a baby kangaroo in one of her pouches. She said it was a great feeling. “I did what I am supposed to do, and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” Ratelle said. “I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people who have suffered from natural disasters (自然灾害).” 12．What can we learn about the bush fires in Australia? A．Portugal was influenced by them. B．They lasted many years. C．Their influence was very serious. D．Many animals died out because of them. 13．Why did Ratelle choose to sew pouches for animals? A．Because she knew how to sew. B．Because she wanted to offer direct help. C．Because she has always wanted to learn how to sew. D．Because very few people donated hand-sewn pouches. 14．From the story, we know that Ratelle ________. A．will keep sewing to help others B．did nothing to help actually C．wants more people to learn how to sew D．was sad that she could not help more animals 15．Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A．Why Is Sewing So Popular? B．Different Opinions on Wildlife C．How Do Fires Influence Our Lives? D．Small Acts Can Help in a Huge Way 【答案】12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了2019年9月至2020年3月澳大利亚遭遇严重森林大火后，美国女孩Rachel Ratelle从零自学缝纫，为失去家园的澳洲野生动物缝制手工育儿袋提供帮助。 【详解】12．推理判断题。根据第一段“These were a common sight in Australia because of bush fires that lasted from September 2019 to March 2020. Around 1.25 billion animals died in the fires, Vox reported. Since last September, at least 109,265 square kilometers of land have burned in Australia in one of the country’s worst fire seasons on record. That’s an area larger than Portugal. The fires killed at least 29 people and destroyed some 2,500 homes. (这些是澳大利亚普遍的景象，因为森林大火从2019年9月持续到2020年3月。据Vox报道，大约有12.5亿只动物在火灾中死亡。自去年9月以来，澳大利亚已有至少109265平方公里土地被烧毁，这是澳大利亚有记录以来最严重的火灾季之一。这片面积比葡萄牙还大。火灾造成至少29人死亡，约2500栋房屋被毁。)”可知，澳大利亚这场森林大火持续半年，烧毁土地面积巨大，造成大量人员、动物死亡与房屋损毁，影响十分严重。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Giving money seemed like something too simple. I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself, so I decided to learn how to sew. (捐款似乎太简单了。我想亲自做点事情来直接帮助这些动物，所以我决定学习缝纫。)”可知，Ratelle选择缝制育儿袋是因为她想要为动物提供直接的帮助。 14．细节理解题。根据第五段“I plan to use my new sewing skills to help animals and people who have suffered from natural disasters (自然灾害). (我计划用我的新缝纫技巧帮助遭受自然灾害的动物和人们。)”可知，Ratelle会继续做缝纫制品帮助他人。 15．主旨大意题。根据第五段““I did what I am supposed to do, and it showed how a simple act of kindness can go a long way,” Ratelle said. (Ratelle说：“我只是做了我该做的事，这件事表明了一个简单的善举能发挥很大的作用。”)”并结合全文可知，本文围绕Ratelle个人缝制育儿袋的小事，展现了善举对受灾群体的巨大帮助，“Small Acts Can Help in a Huge Way (微小的善举也能帮上大忙)”符合全文主旨。 5、 七选五 (A) Families need to budget (预算) carefully to pay all their costs and save for the future. Making plans is very important. But there are also creative ways to keep costs down in your daily life. Made with love People spend a lot of money buying gifts. Cards and gifts for holidays or birthdays can be expensive. You can： 1 . Your gift will be one of a kind. The love and time you put in are worth more to the person who receives your gift than the money you spend. 2 Do you know how much it costs to own and use a car? Depending on what kind of car you drive and how much it is used, gas can cost more than $2，000 per year. And insurance costs even more on top of that. You can: Walk or ride a bike. It’s free. 3 . Of course, walking and biking can also keep you active. A walk in the park 4 . Amusement park (游乐场) tickets, for example, usually cost about $100 per person, per day. You can: Get close to nature and go camping  at state and national parks. The cost of admission (门票费) to a national park is usually about $20 per family, no matter how many days you stay.  This means four people could take a seven­day trip to a national park for just $20 in admission tickets. 5 . Or try a staycation! Check your local paper for local free concerts and other events. A．On the move B．Make your own gift C．Buy gifts for your family D．Find out how much money you have spent E．Vacations can not only be a lot of fun but also be expensive F．The same trip to an amusement park would cost $2，800 in tickets alone G．You save money and help the environment when you don’t take a car ride 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．G 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些创造性的方法来降低家庭预算成本。 【详解】1．根据上文“People spend a lot of money buying gifts. Cards and gifts for holidays or birthdays can be expensive.(人们花很多钱买礼物。节日或生日贺卡和礼物可能很贵。)”指出人们花钱买礼物，而下文“Your gift will be one of a kind. The love and time you put in are worth more to the person who receives your gift than the money you spend.(你的礼物将是独一无二的。对于收到礼物的人来说，你付出的爱和时间比你花的钱更有价值。)”给出的降低生活成本的方法是自己动手制作礼物，不仅省钱、独特，还更有意义。B项“Make your own gift (自己制作礼物)”即提出的建议，上下文语意连贯。故选B。 2．这里为本段小标题。根据下文“Do you know how much it costs to own and use a car? Depending on what kind of car you drive and how much it is used, gas can cost more than $2，000 per year. And insurance costs even more on top of that.(你知道拥有和使用一辆汽车要花多少钱吗？根据你驾驶的汽车种类和耗油量的不同，每年的汽油费用可能超过2000美元。除此之外，保险费用更高。)”和“You can: Walk or ride a bike.(你可以：步行或骑自行车。)”可知，本部分是有关出行方式的建议。所以选择项A“On the move (出行)”作为本段小标题最为合适。故选A。 3．段首“You can: Walk or ride a bike.(你可以：步行或骑自行车。)”提出步行或骑自行车的建议。根据下文“Of course, walking and biking can also keep you active.(当然，步行和骑自行车也能让你保持活力。)”中“also”可推知，上文也是讲走路和骑自行车的好处。G项“You save money and help the environment when you don’t take a car ride gift(当你不开车时，你既省钱又保护环境)”与下文构成并列关系，说明步行或骑自行车的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选G。 4．结合前面两个建议可知，每一个建议中的第一段都先讲我们可能花很多钱的地方，然后第二段再给出建议；所以第三个建议“A walk in the park”的第一段也应如此，E项“Vacations can not only be a lot of fun but also be expensive (假期不仅可以很有趣，而且也很昂贵)”和下文“Amusement park (游乐场) tickets, for example, usually cost about $100 per person, per day.(例如，游乐园的门票通常是每人每天100美元。)”提出假期去游乐园会很费钱，进而引出第二段中“You can: Get close to nature and go camping   at state and national parks.(你可以：亲近大自然，去州立公园和国家公园露营)”这一建议，上下文语意连贯。故选E。 5．上文“This means four people could take a seven­day trip to a national park for just $20 in admission tickets.(这意味着四个人可以花20美元的门票去国家公园玩7天。)”介绍了国家去公园游玩的花费，F项“The same trip to an amusement park would cost $2, 800 in tickets alone (同样一次去游乐园，光门票就要花费2800美元)”给出去游乐园的费用，形成对比关系，从而证明建议“You can: Get close to nature and go camping at state and national parks.(你可以：亲近大自然，去州立公园和国家公园露营)”的正确性。故选F。 (B) Among some of the most terrible weather events, hail (冰雹) can happen anywhere around us. Sizes of hailstones usually range from the pea-sized to the softball-sized. 6 . It is necessary to take measures to help prevent damage to your home, vehicles and yourself. ●  Be informed about a hailstorm. The weather changes without warning, so you need to have prevention awareness. You can check weather apps and official weather reports regularly. Turn on your phone’s emergency weather alarms. 7 . ●  Protect your property (财产) before a hailstorm. 8 . Take measures to be ready for it. Firstly, you can cover outdoor items like glass tables with thick pieces of cloth or store them indoors. Secondly, you are recommended to use window safety films to help prevent the glass from being broken. What’s more, you need to park your vehicles in a covered area. ●   9 . When the hail hits, seeking shelter in a safe building immediately is the first principle. 10 , find a place to safely park your car and stay away from trees, towers and electric poles to avoid injuries from lightning. If you’re travelling outdoors with no accessible shelter, crouch down (蹲下), face away from the wind and protect your head and neck with your hands. A．If you’re working outside B．Stay safe during a hailstorm C．Act quickly after a hailstorm D．If you’re driving on the road E．Keep an eye on TV or radio news to get timely notices F．However, any hailstone over 1.5 inches can cause significant damage G．The majority of the recorded damage from hail was to homes and vehicles 【答案】6．F 7．E 8．G 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了冰雹的大小范围，从提前关注气象预警、风暴来临前保护财产、冰雹发生时保障人身安全三个维度，介绍应对冰雹灾害、减少财产与人身伤害的办法。 【详解】6．上文“Sizes of hailstones usually range from the pea-sized to the softball-sized. (冰雹大小从豌豆到垒球不等)”介绍冰雹尺寸，下文“It is necessary to take measures to help prevent damage to your home, vehicles and yourself. (必须采取措施来防止对房屋、车辆以及自身造成损害)”引出防护措施。F选项“However, any hailstone over 1.5 inches can cause significant damage (但超过1.5英寸的冰雹会造成严重破坏)”形成转折，衔接冰雹尺寸与灾害危害，自然引出下文多维度的防护措施。 7．小标题“Be informed about a hailstorm. (提前知晓冰雹预警)”点明本段主题，上文“The weather changes without warning, so you need to have prevention awareness. You can check weather apps and official weather reports regularly. Turn on your phone’s emergency weather alarms. (天气变化无常，因此你需要提高防范意识。可以定期查看天气应用程序和官方天气预报，并开启手机的紧急天气警报功能)”介绍查看天气软件、开启手机气象警报。E选项“Keep an eye on TV or radio news to get timely notices (关注电视、广播新闻获取及时通知)”是另一种获取气象预警的渠道，与上文并列，补充多条预警途径。 8．小标题“Protect your property (财产) before a hailstorm. (冰雹来临前保护财产)”点明本段主题，下文“Firstly, you can cover outdoor items like glass tables with thick pieces of cloth or store them indoors. Secondly, you are recommended to use window safety films to help prevent the glass from being broken. What’s more, you need to park your vehicles in a covered area. (首先，可以用厚布覆盖玻璃桌等户外物品，或将它们存放在室内。其次，建议使用窗户安全膜，以防止玻璃破碎。此外，应将车辆停放在有遮盖的区域)”提到遮盖户外家具、贴安全窗膜、停放车辆。G选项“The majority of the recorded damage from hail was to homes and vehicles (记录到的冰雹造成的损失大多集中在房屋和车辆)”点明保护财产的核心对象，总领下文各项防护操作。 9．此空为段落小标题，下文“When the hail hits, seeking shelter in a safe building immediately is the first principle. (当冰雹来袭时，首要原则是立即躲进安全的建筑物内)”、“find a place to safely park your car (找地方安全停车)”以及“crouch down (蹲下)”提到冰雹来袭时寻找掩体、行车避险、户外下蹲自保。B选项“Stay safe during a hailstorm (冰雹期间保障自身安全)”能总领本段。 10．下文“find a place to safely park your car and stay away from trees, towers and electric poles to avoid injuries from lightning (找地方安全停车，并远离树木、塔楼和电线杆，以避免被雷击伤害)”围绕驾车场景给出避险方案。D选项“If you’re driving on the road (如果你正在路上开车)”引出下文驾车情况下的应对措施(停车避险)。 6、 完形填空 It was a (n) 1 day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The old couple was on holiday at a 2 resort (旅游胜地). They were 3 a walk in the early afternoon when suddenly the ground started to 4 . In just two minutes, everything changed completely! They were in the middle of a very strong 5 ! The Lins tried to 6 some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were tourists, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that moment, Mr Lin decided to take the lead (指引). He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are 7 . We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must 8 here tonight.” They all knew that they were in 9 . Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to the ruins to 10 food and blankets (毯子). They found some, but not 11 for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided (分成) the people into five groups. Each group had a leader. He also 12 all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights (手电筒). Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones, and the 13 in the dark rainy night made everyone feel safe. Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain. It was a difficult journey, but the group members encouraged and supported each other. After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was 14 but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for life. They also knew that when an earthquake happens, the most important thing to do is to stay 15 . 1．A．disappointed B．interesting C．terrible D．boring 2．A．lake B．forest C．mountain D．river 3．A．take B．taking C．make D．making 4．A．shake B．shock C．jump D．play 5．A．snowstorm B．earthquake C．rainstorm D．flood 6．A．believe B．serve C．beat D．find 7．A．wet B．long C．narrow D．straight 8．A．sit B．keep C．leave D．stay 9．A．line B．public C．danger D．silence 10．A．look up B．look for C．look after D．look at 11．A．expensive B．easy C．exciting D．enough 12．A．covered B．collected C．controlled D．competed 13．A．line B．language C．light D．litter 14．A．pleasant B．relaxed C．happy D．tired 15．A．calm B．anxious C．amazing D．angry 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】文章主要讲述林先生夫妇在山上度假时突遇地震，林先生冷静带领大家脱险的故事。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：林先生和林太太度过了一个糟糕的日子。A. disappointed失望的；B. interesting有趣的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. boring令人厌烦的。第二段中“Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope.”提到天黑、下雨以及很多人绝望哭泣，结合最后一段中“it was 30 hours after the earthquake.”可知，发生了地震，他们度过了糟糕的一天。 2．考查名词。句意：这对老夫妇正在一座山间胜地度假。A. lake湖；B. forest森林；C. mountain山；D. river河。根据第三段中“We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow.”可知，他们是去山里度假。 3．考查动词。句意：他们下午早些时候正在散步，突然地面开始震动起来。A. take拿，携带；B. taking拿，携带；C. make制作；D. making制作。take a walk“散步”，固定短语，此处应用现在分词和前面的were构成过去进行时。 4．考查动词。句意：同上。A. shake摇晃；B. shock震惊；C. jump跳跃；D. play玩。根据最后一段“By then, it was 30 hours after the earthquake.”可知，发生了地震，地震发生时地面晃动。 5．考查名词。句意：他们正处在一场非常强烈的地震中间。A. snowstorm暴风雪；B. earthquake地震；C. rainstorm暴风雨；D. flood洪水。根据最后一段中“it was 30 hours after the earthquake”可知发生了地震。 6．考查动词。句意：林氏夫妇先试着找些其他人。A. believe相信； B. serve服务；C. beat击败；D. find发现。根据下文“they found 23 other people”可知，林先生夫妇先尝试寻找其他幸存者，此处是find的词汇复现。 7．考查形容词。句意：他呼吁大家注意，并说道：“路面很湿，我们得等到明天才能下山。”A. wet湿的；B. long长的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. straight直的。根据第二段中“it started to rain heavily”可知，下大雨后路面湿滑。 8．考查动词。句意：我们今晚必须留在这儿。A. sit坐；B. keep保持；C. leave离开；D. stay待，逗留。根据上文“We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow.”以及下一段中“Early the next morning, the groups started to go down the mountain.”提到第二天一早下山，故此处指当下没法下山，他们必须留在原地过夜。 9．考查名词。句意：他们都知道自己处于危险之中。A. line线，行列；B. public公众；C. danger危险；D. silence沉默。根据上文“Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily.”以及在发生地震的情景可知，他们处于危险中，符合地震后被困的处境。 10．考查动词短语。句意：然后林先生和几个年轻人返回废墟，寻找食物和毯子。A. look up查阅；B. look for寻找；C. look after照顾；D. look at看。下文“They found some”提到他们找到了一些，故此处指去寻找食物和毯子。 11．考查形容词。句意：他们找到了一些，但不够每人分到。A. expensive昂贵的；B. easy容易的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. enough足够的。根据下文“The young people gave theirs to the older ones.”可知，找到的东西不够所有人分。 12．考查动词。句意：他还收集了所有的手机，并确保每个小组都有一部。A. covered覆盖；B. collected收集；C. controlled控制；D. competed竞争。根据下文“all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one”可知，他把所有手机收集起来，统一分配，每组分发一个。 13．考查名词。句意：每30分钟，小组负责人就会亮起手机屏幕，黑暗的雨夜中灯光让每个人都感到安全。A. line线，行列；B. language语言；C. light光线；D. litter垃圾。根据上文“They used them as flashlights (手电筒). Every 30 minutes, the group leaders flashed their mobile phones”可知，他们用手机当手电筒，此处指手机发出的光让大家感到安心。 14．考查形容词。句意：大家都很累，但他们感到幸运，因为他们是特别团队的一员。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. relaxed放松的；C. happy高兴的；D. tired累的。根据上文“After twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely.”可知，走路十二个小时后才脱险，大家感觉很累、非常疲惫。 15．考查形容词。句意：他们也明白，发生地震时最重要的是保持冷静。A. calm冷静的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. amazing令人吃惊的；D. angry生气的。根据第三段中“At that moment, Mr Lin decided to take the lead ( 指引 ). He called for everyone’s attention and said, “The roads are ____. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must ____ here tonight.””可知，发生地震后林先生保持冷静，根据当时情况采取恰当措施，最终带领大家脱险，说明地震发生时最重要的是保持镇定。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $