Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking I-【无敌原创】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册同步课时卷

from the ground or the air.There are also biological pest control measures..(目前，控制蝗虫的基本方法是从地面 或空中喷洒杀虫剂。还有生物防治蝗虫的措施。)”是 说明控制蝗虫的办法，是回答C项提出的问题。C项可 以作为该段的小标题。 8.B空后一句提到“The biggest enemies are birds. Frogs,spiders,and mantises are natural enemies too." 说明鸟类、青蛙、蜘蛛和螳螂是蝗虫的天敌；B项“Tc locust has its natural enemies.(蝗虫有它的天敌。)”中 的“natural enemies'”与空后一句中“natural enemies'” 词汇重复；空后一句是顺承B项的话题。 ⊙单元话题表达积累◎ 将以下句子译成汉语。 此外，全球变暖意味着冬季温度升高，导致更多虫卵能 存活到春季，增加了第二年蝗灾爆发的可能性。 在文中找出相应的表达方式。 1.suffer from 2.at a low cost [学法指导] 七选五的文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会 根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行不同方面 的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容， 为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标 记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如 带有形容词的名词词组)、专有名词、时间数字、代词、 连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词， 然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时 可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先 放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完 整篇文章。 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Period 2 Reading and Thinking I 〖基础过关】 一、 1.trap;trapped;trapper 2.wisdom;wise 3.suffer;suffering;sufferer 4.revive;revival 5.breath:breathe;breathless 6.shock;shock;shocking;shocked 7.survive;survival;survivor 1.Cracks考查名词的用法。句意为“干燥的地面出现 了裂缝。”，故填Cracks。 2.percent考查名词的用法。句意为“全国的考试结 果平均提升了8个百分点。”。根据句意可知，应填 参考答案 187 percento 3.bricks考查名词的用法。句意为“那个烟囱是用砖 头搭建的。”。由于bick为可数名词，而空前没有 冠词或定冠词修饰，应填可数名词的复数形式，故填 bricks。 4.Metal考查名词的用法。句意为“金属、纸和玻璃 都可以被回收。”。根据空格后并列的paper和glass可 知，此处应填单数形式，又因为放于句首，要大写，故 填Metalo 5.buried考查动词被动语态的用法。句意为“这个伟 大的英雄被安葬在他的家乡。”。根据句意及空白处前 的was可知此处应填动词的过去分词表示被动语态，故 填buried。 6.electricity考查名词的用法。句意为“电力供应已被 切断。”，故填electricity。 7.breathe考查动词的用法。句意为“深呼吸对我们的 健康有益。”。根据句意以及空格前的o可知应选择本 课所学单词breathe,.而不是名词breath,故填breathe。 8.unify考查动词的用法。句意为“新的领导人希望能 够统一国家。”。根据句意以及空格前的to可知应选择 本课所学单词unify,故填uniy。 9.wisdom考查名词的用法。句意为“经验是智慧的源 泉。”。根据句意以及空格前的of可知，此处应填名词， 故填wisdom。 10.context考查名词的用法。句意为“在这个语境中， ‘发展’意味着经济增长。”。根据句意以及空格前的 this可知，此处应填名词，故填contexto 三、 [试题解析] 1.in ruins句意为“这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需 要修理。”。in ruins严重受损；破败不堪。根据句子结构， 此处需要表语。 2.did slight damage to句意为“幸好暴风雨只对农场主 的庄稼造成了轻微的损害。”。根据句子结构，此处需 要谓语。句子中的Fortunately和only与slight damage呼 应。 3.in shock句意为“她将玫瑰花拿进屋，吃惊地看着 它们，不知道是谁送给她的。”。根据句子结构，此处 需要状语。 4.get away from句意为“她特别渴望离开城市，回归 自然。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 5.as usual句意为“尽管多年来他一直勉强过活，但他 照旧努力工作。”。根据句子结构，此处需要状语。 6.come to an end句意为“天下无不散之筵席。”。根 据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 7.blow away句意为“大风也可能把田地表面的肥沃土 壤刮走。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 8.spare no effort句意为“他们决心不遗余力来弥补失 188无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 去的时光。”。根据句子结构，此处需要不定式短语。 9.came to our rescue句意为“当我们有危险时，他们 总会前来救援我们。”。根据句子结构，此处需要谓语。 四、 1.in ruins 2.was shocked at/by 3.cut off 4.suffering from 5.making every effort to 五、 [试题解析] 1.to eat此处为“too...to..”结构，意为“太…而不 能…”。不定式在此做结果状语。 2.but根据语境可知，空处前后句之间为转折关系， 故用表示转折的并列连词but。 3.deadly空处做定语，修饰earthquake,故用deadly, 意为“致命的”。 4.ruins此处in ruins为固定搭配，意为“严重受损， 破败不堪”。 5.was“the number of+可数名词复数”意为“…的 数量”，做主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式；根据全文 时态及who were killed or badly injured可知，此处描述过 去发生的事情，故填waso 6.an此处come to an end为固定短语，意为“结束”。 7.trapped此处those和trap是逻辑上的动宾关系，故 应用过去分词形式做后置定语。 8.itself此处指这座城市开始恢复过来，提示词it和主 语指同一事物，故填反身代词itself。 9.was built A new Tangshan与build之间为逻辑上的 动宾关系；根据全文时态及后面的“which proved to the world”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去 时的被动语态。 10.of此处in times of为固定搭配，意为“…时候/ 时期”。 【能力提升】 ☆A篇☆ [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文语篇，主要讲述了作者经历令人难以忘怀 的三次地震的情景。 [试题解析] 1.C考查思辨素养和理解主旨要义的能力。根据文章 第二段最后两句“There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and luckily,none is shown in the website So,my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant..(在我的记忆中只有几次地震， 幸运的是，没有一次在网站上刊登出来。所以，我个人 的地震经历可能被认为是微不足道的。)”及第三段的 首句“There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget. (以下是三次令人难以忘怀的地震。)”可知，本文主 要讲作者经历的三次较难忘的地震。 2.D考查学习素养及理解具体信息的能力。根 据第三段第一次地震的地点状语“in Redwood City in California”、第四段第二次地震的地点状语“in Southern California”及第五段第三次地震的地，点状语“in California”可知作者经历的三次地震都发生在加利福尼 亚。 3.A考查学习素养及理解具体信息的能力。根据第 三段中“The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.（第一次是在1955年，我们的大女儿和我一 起在加州雷德伍德市我们家的后院散步。)”可知当第 一次地震发生时，作者和女儿是待在一起的。 4.B考查学习素养及理解具体信息的能力。根据上 "Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.（我们全家去了南加州的迪土尼乐园。)”可 知此处的he famous landmark(著名的地标)指的是迪 士尼乐园。 ☆B篇☆ [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲了在地震前动 物们的表现，有些动物对地震敏感，而有些动物对 地震没有察觉。 [试题解析] 5.A考查学习素养及理解具体信息的能力。根据第一 Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.可知一天，Mandara表现得很奇怪因为它感觉有 一些不同寻常的事情要发生。 6.A考查思辨素养和推断的能力。根据第五段“Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,"said Brandie Smith."That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment,which is how they survive..”可知Brandie Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐。 7.A考查思辨素养和推断的能力。根据最后一段中 Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.For example,Smith said the zoo's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began.可知在地震之前，大熊猫 并没有表现异常，由此推断出大熊猫不能感知地震，故 选A。 8.C考查思辨素养和理解主旨要义的能力。通过全文 Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake. 可知，这篇文章主要讲了在地震前动物们的表现，有些 动物对地震敏感，而有些动物对地震没有察觉，故选C。 [学法指导] 本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。 先阅读问题，然后带着问题再读全文，找出答题所需 要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结 合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章 主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。纵观历年高考试 题，阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型：一是直接回答 who,whom,which,what,where,when,why,how 疑问词引起的细节问题；二是猜测词义题；三是推断 题；四是综合概括题。在做阅读理解题时，一定要仔 细看完，看清楚试题要求再作答，特别要注意NOT, TRUE,EXCEPT等词。有时，要先看题，后阅读文章， 带着问题去读短文，可缩短阅读时间，效果也许会更好。 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS Period 3 Reading and Thinking ll 【基础过关】 一、 1.ruin[C]废墟（pl.ruins)[U破坏；毁坏；破产. 毁掉；使破产 [例句学习] (1)句意为“地震后，整个城市成了一片废墟。”。 (2)句意为“他们不想看见我们国家陷入经济崩溃。”。 (3)句意为“坏天气毁了我们的旅行。”。 [用法总结] (1)ruins (2)into [练习巩固] 单句语法填空 (1)ruins考查名词的用法。句意为“在遭受了一场 大地震并被夷为废墟之后不久，这座城市呈现出新的面 貌。”。 (2)was ruined考查谓语动词的用法。句意为“昨晚 的暴风雨毁了整个镇子。军队派出了一万名士兵去营救 被困的人们。”。 单句写作 (1 the ruin of their relationship (2)ruined his chance 2.shock v.(使)震惊；（使）气愤；愤慨n.U休克； 震惊「C令人震惊的事；点击 [例句学习] (1)句意为“我的邻居对他们的孩子这么差，这让我 很震惊。”。 (2)句意为“我们对他们糟糕的生活条件感到震惊。”。 (3)句意为“令我们震惊的是，一千年的神庙已成废 墟。”。 [用法总结] (1)shocked;shocking (2)at;by;to do;to 参考答案 189 [练习巩固] 单句语法填空 (1)were shocked考查动词的用法。句意为“他们因 为她昨天在聚会上的粗鲁而感到震惊。”，故填were shocked。 (2)shocking;shocked考查动词转化而来的形容词。 句意为“在那一刻，这个令人震惊的消息震惊到了我们 每一个人。”。第一空需要形容词做定语，表示“令人 震惊的”第二空需要谓语，故填shocking;shocked。. (3)shocked;shocking考查动词转化而来的形容词。 句意为“在场所有人都对这场令人震惊的事故感到震 惊。”。根据句意，此处应表示“感到震惊的”和“令 人震惊的”，故填shocked;shocking。 (4)a考查冠词的用法。句意为“听到他在一次事故 中受了重伤，真是太震惊了。”。此处需要冠词，抽象 名词具体化，表示“一件令人震惊的事”，故填a。 单句写作 (1)were shocked to (2)was a shock to 3.the number of…的数目 [练习巩固] 选词填空 (1)A number of考查短语辨析。句意为“许多学生 缺席了本次会议。”。 （2)the number of考查短语辨析。句意为“因此，北 极熊的数量越来越少。” 单句语法填空 (1)has increased考查动词的用法。句意为“大学 生的数量逐年增长。”。此处需要谓语动词，根据语 境over the years,此处应使用现在完成时，故填has increased。 (2)are考查动词的用法。此处需要系动词，根据句 子主语books判断，此处应使用与名词复数保持一致的 系动词，故填areo 4.trap v.(trapped;trapped)使落入险境；使陷入圈 套n.圈套；困境；（捕捉动物的)夹子，罗网，陷阱 [例句学习] (1)句意为“我们被上涨的洪水困住了。”。 (2)句意为“他觉得自己是中了圈套才在合同上签名 的。”。 (3)句意为“警察已经设下了捉拿那个窃贼的圈套。”。 [用法总结] (1)in (2)into (3)set (4）fall intoPeriod 2 Readin 基础过关 一、词形转换根据给出的词性及汉语提 示写出单词的正确形式。 1. t.使落人险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱→ ad.受困的 n.捕杀动物者 2 n智慧；才智→ adj. 明智的；聪明的 vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、 痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→ n.疼痛； 折磨→ n.遭受苦难者 4. t.&vi.复活；（使）苏醒 → n.振兴；复苏 5. n.呼吸→ vt.呼吸 ad山.上气不接下气的 6 n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 t.(使)震惊→ ad.令 人震惊的→ ad.感到震惊的 7. vi.生存；存活t.幸存；艰难 度过→ n.生存，幸存；残存 物→ n.幸存者，生还者 二、单词拼写根据各句语境及提示，使 用本课所学单词的适当形式填空。 (裂缝)had appeared in the dry ground. 2.Across the country,exam results have improved by an average of eight （百分之) 3.The chimney was made of (砖)· (金属)，paper,.and glass can be recycled. 5.The great hero was (安葬)in his homeland. 6.The (电力)supply had been cut off. UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 97 ng and Thinking I 7.Ig good for our health to (呼吸) deeply. 8.The new leader hopes to (统一) the country. 9.Experience is the mother of （智 慧). 10.In this （语境)，“development'” means economic growth. 三、选词填空根据各句语境，选择合适 的短语，并用其正确形式填空。 in ruins in shock come to an end spare no effort get away from blow away as usual come to sb's rescue do slight damage to 1.The ancient temple has been and needs repairing. 2.Fortunately,the storm only the farmer's crops. 3.She brought the roses in,and then just looked at them not knowing who sent them to her. 4.She was very anxious to cities and back to nature. 5.Although he is getting along in years,he can work hard 6.All good things 7.Strong winds can also the valuable soil that lies on the top of the fields. 8.They are determined to to make up for the lost time. 9.When we were in danger,they 四、单句写作根据本课所学内容及提示， 完成句子。 1.他的前途尽毁。 His career lies 98无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 2.在场的每个人对这个消息都感到震惊。 Everyone present the news. 3.那里因海啸停电了。 The electricity there was due to tsunami. 4.她患有遗忘症。 She's loss of memory. 5.学校俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多 的学生。 The school clubs are interest more students. 五、语篇填空根据课文内容在空白处填 入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For several days before the earthquake struck Tangshan,strange things were happening.For example,chickens were too nervous 1 (eat);mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide,etc.At about 3:00 a.m.on 28 July 1976,bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises were heard, 2 the local people were asleep as usual at that time. Then at 3:42 a.m.,one 3 dead) earthquake hit Tangshan.A huge crack cut across houses,roads and waterways.In less than one minute,the whole city lay in 4 ruin).The number of people who were killed or badly injured 5 (be) more than 400,000 and thousands of children were left without parents.Everywhere survivors looked,there was nothing but ruins.It seemed as if the world were coming to 6 end.People were in shock. However,soon after the earthquake,aids from all corners of our country came.Soldiers arrived to dig out those 7 （trap)and to bury the dead.Doctors,nurses and those from other walks of life came to help.Slowly, Tangshan started to revive 8 （it) and get back up on its feet.A new Tangshan 9 build )upon the earthquake ruins with the strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city's people, which proved to the world that in times 10 disaster,people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 能力提升) 阅读理解阅读短文，从每题所给的四个 选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 A (语篇词数：280个，建议用时：8分钟) Having lived in California until 1970,my family has felt a number of earthquakes.We have been fortunate,however,to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage. There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present.The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude（震级)and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and luckily,none is shown in the website.So,my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant. There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget.The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other.All three of us my daughter,I and the tree)shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours. The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark. My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake,I quickly headed for the door to go outside.I remember I said a little prayer something like,"Help me get out of here in time."Minutes later,I was safe outside. 1.What massage does the passage mainly tell us A.A new film about an earthquake. B.The survival of an earthquake. C.Three earthquake experiences. D.The rescue of children in an earthquake. 2.The earthquakes the author has experienced A.all caused bodily harm B.are all recorded in a website C.all measured more than 6.0 D.all happened in California 3.When the first earthquake happened,the author A.was staying with his daughter B.was planting fruit trees C.held on to a tree for hours D.was in a hotel 4.What does the underlined part "the famous landmark”refer to? A.A church. B.Disneyland. C.A building destroyed by an earthquake. D.The place where the author was born. B (语篇词数：396个，建议用时：9分钟) Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen.So she let out a yell,caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree.She lives at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.. And on Tuesday,August 23rd,witnesses said she seemed to sense the big earthquake UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS 99 that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on.And she's not the only one.In the moments before the quake, an orangutan(猩猩)let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter. “It's very different from their normal call,.” said Brandie Smith,the zookeeper."The lemurs(monkey like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm if they see or hear something highly unusual." But you can't see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens,can you?Maybe you can-if you're an animal. "Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing,"said Brandie Smith."That's part of their special abilities.They're more sensitive to the environment,which is how they survive.” Primates weren't the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened.One of the elephants made a warning sound and a huge lizard(蜥蜴)ran quickly for cover.The flamingoes(a kind of birds)gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped. So what kind of vibrations（震s动)were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake?Scientist Susan Hough said earthquakes produce two types of waves--a weak“p”wave and then a much stronger“S”wave.The“p” stands for“primary”.And the“s”stands for “secondary”.She thinks the“p”wave might be what sets the animals off. Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake.For example,Smith said the zoo's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began.But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened.“I'm not surprised at all,,” Smith said. 100无敌原创同步必刷点英语·必修第一册 5.Why did Mandara act strangely one day? A.Because it sensed something unusual would happen. B.Because its daughter Kibibi was injured. C.Because it heard an orangutan let out a loud call. D.Because an earthquake had happened. 6.According to Brandie Smith,. A.many animals'hearing is sharp B.earthquakes produce two types of waves C.primates usually gather together before a quake D.humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake 7.Which animal seems unable to sense a quake? A.A giant panda. B.A flamingo. C.A lemur. D.A lizard. 8.What is the best title for the passage? A.How animals survive a quake. B.How animals differ from humans. C.How animals behave before a quake. D.How animals protect their young in a quake.