Unit 1 Friendship reading 课时练习2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 以词汇-句型-语篇为递进路径，分层夯实基础、提升应用能力，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知层|单一词汇（如seat, trustworthy）、基础句型（如“扎马尾辫”“有幽默感”）|通过翻译、完成句子直接考查词汇默写与句型转换，强化语言能力基础| |技能应用层|语法（如形容词最高级、不定式）、语境应用（如对话逻辑、词汇变形）|补全对话训练交际逻辑，完形填空与选词填空结合语篇考查词汇在语境中的准确运用，提升思维灵活性| |语篇理解层|综合信息提取、主旨归纳|阅读理解分析友谊问题成因，任务型阅读通过故事理解友谊真谛，培养语篇解读与价值判断能力，体现文化意识与思维品质|

Unit 1 Friendship reading 课时练习 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、翻译 1．________ n. 座位 2．________ n. 学校作业 3．________ adj. 值得信赖的 4．________ adv. 仔细地，小心地 5．________ v. 理解 6．________ adj. 好笑的 7．________ n. 理解力，感觉 8．________ adj. 厌倦的，烦闷的 9．________ adj. 精力充沛的 10．________ adj. 积极的，活跃的 11．________ 有点儿 12．________ 幽默感 13．________ 保密 14．________ 准备好做某事 15．________ 放弃 16．________ 帮助某人处理某事 17．________ 使某人振奋 18．________ 鼓励某人做某事 19．________ 有共同之处，有共同点 20．________ 此外 二、完成句子 21．你妹妹通常扎马尾辫吗？ Does your sister usually _____________________? 22．我们的班主任很有幽默感。 Our head teacher _____________________. 23．丽萨戴着她又小又圆的眼镜，看起来很时尚。 Lisa ____________ with her ____________. 24．雷锋总是乐于助人。 Lei Feng _____________________ others. 25．王老师总是鼓励我们继续努力。 Mr Wang always _____________________. 26．诚实是友谊中最重要的品质之一。 ________ is one of the most important ________ in friendship. 三、补全对话 选择合适句子补全对话，有一项多余。 A: Hi, Sam. Who’s your best friend?A．What’s he like? B．Do you think friends need to be the same? C．We have lots in common. D．But he is more outgoing than me. E．How do you like him? F．What about you? B: Eric. A: 27 B: He is kind and helpful. 28 A: Are you similar to each other? B: Yes. 29 We both love reading. 30 A: I like sports. 31 B: I don’t think so. Differences can help us learn from each other. 四、完形填空 We all need warm and true friends in our junior high school life. A perfect friend doesn’t have to be the 32 or funniest student in the classroom, but he must be caring and honest. Betty is such a nice girl. She is slim with bright eyes and always ready 33 anyone who meets trouble. She never laughs at classmates who fall behind in subjects. Max is totally different from Betty. He has a wonderful sense of humour and looks full of energy every single day. No one will feel 34 when staying beside him. He takes part in all kinds of after-school sports. When his friends plan to stop trying difficult tasks, he always gives warm 35 words and pushes them forward bravely. When something troubles me deeply, I will run to my 36 friend as soon as possible. They listen to me 37 and understand all my feelings. If you treat others 38 sincere kindness, you will receive real friendship in return. Never give up on your friends just because of tiny mistakes. Always 39 each other and cheer each other up during hard days. This precious friendship will stay with us for our whole 40 and bring us endless warm 41 . 32．A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 33．A．help B．to help C．helping D．helped 34．A．bore B．bored C．boring D．boredom 35．A．encourage B．encourages C．encouraging D．encouraged 36．A．trust B．trusted C．trustworthy D．trusting 37．A．careful B．carefully C．careless D．carelessly 38．A．with B．of C．for D．at 39．A．support B．supports C．supported D．supporting 40．A．life B．lives C．live D．living 41．A．memory B．memories C．humour D．energy 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空。 patient, ponytail, encourage, trustworthy, understand, a little bit, funny, sense of humour, seat, schoolwork My best friend, Lily, is an amazing person. She always wears her hair in a 42 , which makes her look energetic and cute. In class, she sits in the front 43 so that she can listen carefully to the teacher. She is not only hard-working on her 44 , but also ready to help others. Lily is very 45 . I once told her my secret, and she has kept it ever since. She is also very 46 when I don’t understand math problems. She explains them step by step until I 47 . What’s more, she has a great 48 . Her 49 stories always make me laugh and cheer me up when I feel 50 bored. I’m so lucky to have a friend like Lily. She always 51 me to try new things and believe in myself. I hope our friendship will last forever. 六、阅读理解 What makes some friendships become worse? Some teenagers give us their thoughts. Tom: My friend often tells my secrets to others. I feel so upset. I think a trustworthy friend must keep secrets. If he can’t do this, our friendship will get worse. Amy: My friend is not patient. Once I have different ideas, he will get angry and fight with me. We can hardly get along with each other. Jack: Sometimes we face much schoolwork and different tests. We have less time for each other. However, true friendship will not be gone just because of busy life. We can spend several seconds talking after class. Small actions can protect our friendship. Good friendship will not appear by itself. We need to think more about our friends’ feelings, be honest and learn to understand each other. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 52．Why does Tom feel upset? A．He does badly in badminton tests. B．His friend tells his secrets to others. C．He has no time to do schoolwork. D．He is scared of some animals. 53．What does Jack advise us to do? A．Never talk with friends after class. B．Fight with friends when you are angry. C．Spend a little time with your friends. D．Keep all your ideas as secrets. 54．What is the writer’s opinion? A．Good friendship needs our effort. B．All friendships will become worse. C．Busy life must end your friendship. D．We should never have different thoughts. 七、任务型阅读 Two Friends and a Promise Tom and Mike were neighbours and best friends. They grew up together and played in the same park every day. When they were ten, Mike’s family moved to another city. They promised to write to each other every month. At first, they kept the promise, but after a year, Tom stopped receiving letters from Mike. Tom felt sad and thought Mike had forgotten him. One day, Tom received a package. Inside was a model airplane and a letter. The letter said: “Dear Tom, I’m so sorry for the long silence. My father lost his job and we moved three times. I couldn’t find your address. I’ve never stopped thinking about you. You are my best friend forever.” Tom was deeply moved. He wrote back and they reconnected. Now they are both adults, but they still talk on the phone every week. They learned that true friendship can survive time and distance. 55．Why did Mike stop writing to Tom? 56．What did Mike send to Tom in the package? 57．How did Tom feel when he read the letter? 58．What do Tom and Mike do now to keep in touch? 59．What lesson can we learn from this story? 《Unit 1 Friendship reading 课时练习》参考答案 题号 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 答案 C B B C C B A A B B 题号 52 53 54 答案 B C A 1．seat 2．schoolwork 3．trustworthy 4．carefully 5．understand 6．funny 7．sense 8．bored 9．energetic 10．active 11．a little bit 12．a sense of humour 13．keep secrets 14．be ready to do sth 15．give up 16．help sb with sth 17．cheer sb up 18．encourage sb to do sth 19．have sth in common 20．what’s more 【解析】略 21．wear her hair in a ponytail 【详解】原句中“扎马尾辫”是关键词，表示“扎马尾辫”的短语是wear her hair in a ponytail。本句是由Does引导的一般疑问句，助动词后接动词原形。故填wear her hair in a ponytail。 22．has a good sense of humour/has a good sense of humor 【详解】原句中“很有幽默感”是关键词，表示“有”的动词为“have”。主语“Our head teacher”是第三人称单数，句子描述的是老师的性格特征，属于客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词have需用第三人称单数形式has；表示“幽默感”的短语为“a good sense of humour/humor”。 23． looks fashionable small round glasses 【详解】原句中“看起来很时尚”和“又小又圆的眼镜”为关键词。句中时态为一般现在时，“看起来”是系动词look，主语Lisa是第三人称单数，故动词需加-s，变为looks。“时尚”译为形容词fashionable。“又小又圆”涉及多个形容词修饰名词，顺序通常为“大小+形状”，即small在前，round在后。“眼镜”译为glasses，该词习惯上用复数形式。故填looks fashionable；small round glasses。 24．was always ready to help 【详解】根据中文提示可知，关键词为“乐于助人”，译为“be ready to help”。“总是”译为always，属于频度副词，应放在be动词之后。该句陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语Lei Feng是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was always ready to help。 25．encourages us to keep trying 【详解】关键词为“鼓励我们继续努力”，“鼓励某人做某事”的英语表达为“encourage sb. to do sth.”，根据频度副词“always”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语“Mr Wang”是第三人称单数，谓语动词encourage需变为encourages。此处sb.为us；“继续努力”可译为“keep trying”。 26． Honesty qualities 【详解】原句中“诚实”以及“品质”是关键词，表示“诚实”的名词是honesty，作句子主语，位于句子开头首字母需大写。“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”，“品质”对应单词quality，此处需要变为复数形式qualities，故填Honesty；qualities。 27．A 28．D 29．C 30．F 31．B 【导语】本文是对话，围绕Sam最好的朋友Eric展开，两人谈论Eric的性格、Sam和Eric的异同，并探讨朋友是否需要完全相同。 【详解】27．B回答“He is kind and helpful.”是在描述人物性格，A需要询问对方的性格特征，“What’s he like?”专门用来询问人的品性、长相，能够引出下文对Eric性格的介绍，因此此处选A。 28．前文介绍Eric善良热心，后文开始讨论两人是否相像。D项“But he is more outgoing than me.”转折说明两人性格上的一处不同，承接人物性格介绍，自然过渡到两人对比的话题。 29．问句“Are you similar to each other?”询问两人是否相像，答句开头“Yes.”表示肯定。C项“We have lots in common.（我们有很多共同点）”是对“Yes”的具体解释，和后文“We both love reading.”呼应。 30．说完两人共同爱好“We both love reading.”之后，后文回答“I like sports.”，因此用“What about you?”转换话题、反问对方情况，使对话自然延续。 31．后文B的答句“I don’t think so. Differences can help us learn from each other.”是对观点类问句的回应，讨论朋友是否需要一模一样。B项是一般疑问句，正好引出这段关于朋友异同的观点讨论。 32．C 33．B 34．B 35．C 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．A 40．B 41．B 【导语】本文围绕初中生活里真挚的友谊展开，介绍了Betty与Max两位性格不同的好朋友，阐述真正朋友的特质、相处之道，点明珍贵友谊会陪伴一生、留下温暖回忆。 【详解】32．句意：一个完美的朋友不必是班里最高或最有趣的学生，但他必须体贴诚实。 空后or连接并列最高级funniest，空格也要用形容词最高级；空前已有定冠词the，直接填tallest。 33．句意：她身材苗条、眼睛明亮，总是乐意帮助任何遇到困难的人。 固定搭配be ready to do sth.意为“乐意做某事”，此处需要不定式to help。 34．句意：待在他身边没人会觉得无聊。 feel是系动词，后接形容词，bored修饰人，表示“感到无聊的”。 35．句意：当朋友打算放弃难题时，他总会说出暖心鼓舞人心的话语，鼓励他们勇敢向前。 空格修饰名词words，需要形容词，encouraging为形容词，表示“令人鼓舞的”，形容事物特点。 36．句意：当有烦心事深深困扰我时，我会立刻去找值得信赖的朋友。 空格修饰名词friend，需形容词，trustworthy为形容词，意为“值得信赖的”。 37．句意：他们认真倾听我，理解我所有的情绪。 空格修饰动词listen，要用副词，carefully为副词，意为“认真地”。 38．句意：如果你用真诚善意对待他人，你也会收获真挚的友谊。 固定搭配treat sb. with sth.表示“用某种态度对待某人”，介词用with。 39．句意：永远互相扶持，在艰难的日子里互相鼓舞。 本句为祈使句，以动词原形开头，support是动词原形。 40．句意：这份珍贵的友谊会陪伴我们一生，带来无尽温暖回忆。 life表示“一生”时，为可数名词，空前“our”说明需用复数 lives，指每个人各自完整的一生。 41．句意：这份珍贵的友谊会陪伴我们一生，带来无尽温暖回忆。 memory是可数名词，endless表示 “无穷无尽的、无数的”，说明有许许多多回忆，不止一段，后接复数memories。humour“幽默”、energy“精力”均不符合语境。 42．ponytail 43．seat 44．schoolwork 45．trustworthy 46．patient 47．understand 48．sense of humour 49．funny 50．a little bit 51．encourages 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者最好的朋友莉莉，她是一个很棒的人，有着诸多优点，作者为自己拥有这样的朋友感到幸运，并希望友谊长存。 【详解】42．句意：她总是把头发扎成马尾辫，这让她看起来精力充沛又可爱。根据“She always wears her hair in a...”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是把头发扎成马尾辫，应用ponytail“马尾辫”，故填ponytail。 43．句意：在课堂上，她坐在前排座位上，以便能认真听老师讲课。根据“she sits in the front...”可知，此处说的是坐在前排座位上，seat“座位”，名词，故填seat。 44．句意：她不仅努力学习功课，而且乐于助人。根据“hard-working on her...”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是努力学习功课，schoolwork“功课”，名词，故填schoolwork。 45．句意：莉莉很值得信赖。根据“I once told her my secret, and she has kept it ever since.”可知，此处说的是莉莉值得信赖，trustworthy“值得信赖的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填trustworthy。 46．句意：当我不懂数学问题时，她也很有耐心。根据“when I don’t understand math problems”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是很有耐心，patient“有耐心的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填patient。 47．句意：她一步一步地解释，直到我理解为止。根据“She explains them step by step until I...”可知，此处说的是直到我理解为止，understand“理解”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形，故填understand。 48．句意：更重要的是，她很有幽默感。根据“Her...stories always make me laugh”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是很有幽默感，sense of humour“幽默感”，故填sense of humour。 49．句意：她有趣的故事总是让我发笑，在我感到有点无聊的时候让我振作起来。根据“stories always make me laugh”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是有趣的故事，funny“有趣的”，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词stories，故填funny。 50．句意：她有趣的故事总是让我发笑，在我感到有点无聊的时候让我振作起来。根据“bored”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是感到有点无聊，a little bit“有点儿”，修饰形容词bored，故填a little bit。 51．句意：她总是鼓励我尝试新事物，相信自己。根据“me to try new things and believe in myself”以及所给单词可知，此处说的是鼓励我尝试新事物，encourage“鼓励”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填encourages。 52．B 53．C 54．A 【导语】本文几位青少年分享了友谊变差的原因，作者提出美好友谊不会凭空产生，需要我们付出努力去维护。 【详解】52．Tom的发言指出：“My friend often tells my secrets to others. I feel so upset.”，这直接说明Tom感到沮丧是因为朋友把他的秘密告诉别人，对应选项B。 53．Jack的发言说明建议：“However, true friendship will not be gone just because of busy life. We can spend several seconds talking after class.”，告诉我们要花一点时间陪伴朋友，对应选项C。 54．最后一段表明作者观点：“Good friendship will not appear by itself. We need to think more about our friends’ feelings, be honest and learn to understand each other.”，说明美好的友谊需要我们付出努力，对应选项A。 55．Because his father lost his job and they moved three times, he couldn’t find Tom’s address. 56．He sent a model airplane and a letter. 57．Tom felt deeply moved. 58．They talk on the phone every week. 59．True friendship can survive time and distance. 【导语】本文讲述Tom和Mike一对好友，因搬家中断通信，历经波折重新取得联系的故事。 【详解】55．第二段“My father lost his job and we moved three times. I couldn’t find your address.”说明未写信的原因：Mike爸爸失业，并搬家，找不到Tom的地址才停止写信，直接提取原文信息即可。 56．第二段“Inside was a model airplane and a letter.”说明了包裹里的物品，直接提取原文信息即可。 57．第二段“Tom was deeply moved.”说明Tom深受感动，直接提取原文信息即可。 58．第三段“Now they are both adults, but they still talk on the phone every week.”说明他们每周都通电话，直接提取原文信息即可。 59．本题为开放性问题，结合文章内容，合理作答即可，可根据最后一段“They learned that true friendship can survive time and distance.”得出：他们明白了真正的友谊可以经受住时间和距离的考验。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $