Unit 2 We're Family 重点笔记 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元知识清单系统整合了"家庭"主题的语言知识与技能，涵盖核心词汇、短语、句型、语法、语音及交际写作六大范畴，搭建了从基础词汇背默到语法规则应用再到综合表达输出的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现（词汇分背默、短语附用法解析）、分级突破（语法点分模块配学习提示）构建知识体系，如将"like/look like/be like"的区别设为重点语法点并配例句对比，培养学生思维品质。设计"常见错误表"直观呈现易错形式与规范表达，"写作框架"提供全家福描述的空间顺序模板，自我检查清单助力学生自主评估，既方便学生高效复习，也为教师精准教学提供实用工具。

Unit 2 We're Family! 重点笔记 · Core Vocabulary · Language Points · Communication & Writing 学习目标：掌握家庭成员、亲属关系、外貌性格和家庭活动表达；正确运用一般现在时、名词所有格、物主代词及 whose 问句；能够介绍家谱、描述全家福并表达家庭情感。 一、重点词汇背默 Words 1. family /ˈfæməli/ n. 家庭；家人 2. member /ˈmembə(r)/ n. 成员 3. parent /ˈpeərənt/ n. 父亲或母亲 4. grandparent /ˈɡrænpeərənt/ n. 祖父（母）；外祖父（母） 5. grandfather /ˈɡrænfɑːðə(r)/ n. 祖父；外祖父 6. grandmother /ˈɡrænmʌðə(r)/ n. 祖母；外祖母 7. uncle /ˈʌŋkl/ n. 叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父 8. aunt /ɑːnt/ n. 姑；姨；婶；伯母；舅母 9. cousin /ˈkʌzn/ n. 堂（表）兄弟姐妹 10. child /tʃaɪld/ n. 孩子（复数 children） 11. son /sʌn/ n. 儿子 12. daughter /ˈdɔːtə(r)/ n. 女儿 13. husband /ˈhʌzbənd/ n. 丈夫 14. wife /waɪf/ n. 妻子（复数 wives） 15. grandchild /ˈɡræntʃaɪld/ n. （外）孙子；（外）孙女 16. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系；联系 17. photo /ˈfəʊtəʊ/ n. 照片 18. own /əʊn/ v. adj. 拥有；自己的 19. handsome /ˈhænsəm/ adj. 英俊的 20. kind /kaɪnd/ adj. 友善的；体贴的 21. funny /ˈfʌni/ adj. 好笑的；有趣的 22. quiet /ˈkwaɪət/ adj. 安静的 23. clever /ˈklevə(r)/ adj. 聪明的 24. favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ adj. n. 最喜欢的（人或物） 25. really /ˈriːəli/ adv. 非常；真正地 26. together /təˈɡeðə(r)/ adv. 在一起；共同 27. spend /spend/ v. 花（时间）；度过 28. fishing /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/ n. 钓鱼 29. rod /rɒd/ n. 竿；杆 30. knee /niː/ n. 膝；膝盖 31. middle /ˈmɪdl/ n. adj. 中间；中部的 32. activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动 二、重点短语背默 Phrases 1. family member 家庭成员 member 为可数名词；family 作“家人”时可按整体或成员理解，谓语随语境变化。 例：Every family member has a different hobby. 2. family photo / family tree 全家福／家谱 a photo of my family 强调照片内容；my family photo 表所属；family tree 用于梳理亲属关系。 例：Use the family tree to find out who Tom's cousin is. 3. a big and happy family 幸福的大家庭 多个形容词并列时用 and；family 作中心名词，前面通常用 a。 例：She comes from a big and happy family. 4. on the left / right 在左边／右边 on the left/right 可独立作状语；on the left/right of + 参照物。 例：My parents are on the left of the photo. 5. in the middle 在中间 in the middle 可独立使用；in the middle of + 范围。 例：My grandparents are in the middle of the photo. 6. next to sb. 在某人旁边 next to / beside 表紧邻；near 只表示附近。 例：The girl next to my aunt is my cousin. 7. on one's knee 在某人的膝上 one's 随所属者变化；knee 是可数名词，on both knees 表“双膝着地”。 例：The baby is sitting on Grandpa's knee. 8. look like 看起来像；询问外貌 look like 问外貌；be like 问性格或总体特征；What does sb. like? 问喜好。 例：What is your aunt like? — She is quiet but kind. 9. be like ……怎么样；询问性格 look like 问外貌；be like 问性格或总体特征；What does sb. like? 问喜好。 例：What is your aunt like? — She is quiet but kind. 10. play ping-pong / chess 打乒乓球／下棋 球类、棋类前通常不用冠词；乐器前通常用 the。 例：She plays tennis, and her brother plays the piano. 11. play the piano / erhu 弹钢琴／拉二胡 球类、棋类前通常不用冠词；乐器前通常用 the。 例：She plays tennis, and her brother plays the piano. 12. go fishing / hiking 去钓鱼／徒步 go + doing 表示参加某类休闲活动，如 go fishing / hiking / swimming / shopping。 例：Our family often goes hiking in spring. 13. like gardening 喜欢园艺 like / love / enjoy doing 表一般喜好；would like to do 表具体愿望。 例：Grandma likes gardening and grows beautiful flowers. 14. spend time doing sth. 花时间做某事 spend time/money on sth.；spend time/money (in) doing sth.，通常以人作主语。 例：Grandpa spends an hour working in the garden. 15. have fun together 一起玩得开心 have fun doing = have a good time doing = enjoy oneself doing。 例：We have fun cooking together at weekends. 16. make sb. laugh 使某人发笑 make sb. do sth. / make sb. + adj.，do 前不能加 to。 例：Grandpa's stories make us laugh. 17. read sb. a story 给某人读故事 read sb. a story = read a story to sb.；show / give 也可构成双宾语。 例：Grandma reads the children a story every evening. 18. love and help each other 互爱互助 each other 表“两者或多者彼此”；help sb. (to) do / help sb. with sth.。 例：We are different, but we love and help each other. 三、重点句背默 Sentences 1. Who's this / that? — This / That is my uncle. 2. Who are these / those? — They're my cousins. 3. Whose fishing rods are those? — They're my father's. 4. Do you often play ping-pong together? — Yes, we do. 5. Does your father spend much time fishing? — No, he doesn't. 6. What does your sister look like? — She has long brown hair. 7. What is your brother like? — He's quiet but very kind. 8. What does your grandpa like? — He likes Chinese chess. 9. My grandparents are in the middle, and my aunt is next to them. 10. We are all different, but we love and help each other. 四、语法点与重点用法 Grammar & Usage 1. Family relationships and demonstratives 介绍近处的一个人用 This is ...，近处多人用 These are ...；远处对应 That is ... / Those are ...。询问身份时，单数用 Who's this / that?，复数用 Who are these / those?。亲属关系要沿 family tree 判断，不能只看性别或年龄。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 2. The simple present and subject--verb agreement 一般现在时表示经常发生的动作、习惯或客观情况。主语是 I / you / we / they 或复数名词时用动词原形；主语是 he / she / it 或单数名词时，动词一般加 -s / -es。have 的三单形式是 has，do 的三单形式是 does。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 3. Verb endings in the third person singular 一般情况加 -s（read--reads）；以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o 结尾加 -es（watch--watches, go--goes）；辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 -es（study--studies）。注意 play--plays，因为 y 前是元音字母。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 4. Do / Does questions and short answers 实义动词的一般疑问句用 Do / Does + 主语 + 动词原形 ...?。主语为第三人称单数时用 Does，后面的实义动词必须还原：Does she like music? 回答用 Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 5. Noun possessives 单数名词和不以 -s 结尾的复数名词后加 's：Kate's cat, children's books；以 -s 结尾的复数名词只加撇号：my parents' room。两人共有时只在最后一人后加 's；分别拥有时两人都加：Peter and Emma's classroom / Peter's and Emma's bags。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 6. Whose and possessive forms Whose 询问“谁的”，后可直接接名词：Whose piano is this? 回答可用“所有者 + 's”，也可用名词性物主代词：It's my mother's. / It's hers. 形容词性物主代词后必须接名词（my book）；名词性物主代词可独立使用（mine）。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 7. Activities: play, like and spend 1. play 的常用结构：球类和棋类前通常不用冠词：play tennis / chess；乐器前通常用 the：play the piano / erhu。play with sb. 表示“和某人一起玩”，play with sth. 表示“摆弄／玩某物”。 2. like / love 的搭配：like / love + 名词或 doing 可表达一般喜好：She loves music. / She loves reading.；would like to do sth. 表示“想要做某事”，不能写成 would like doing。enjoy 后接动词时只能用 doing。 3. spend 的两种结构：sb. spends time / money on sth.；sb. spends time / money (in) doing sth.。spend 通常以“人”作主语，可与 It takes sb. time to do sth. 进行同义表达。 4. 活动类拓展：go + doing 构成 go fishing / hiking / swimming / shopping；have fun doing sth. 可替换为 have a good time doing sth. / enjoy oneself doing sth.。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 8. like, look like and be like 三个问句含义不同：What does sb. like? 询问喜好；What does sb. look like? 询问外貌；What is sb. like? 询问性格或总体特征。回答时分别关注爱好、长相和品质。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 9. Describing a family photo 描述全家福可按“整体介绍 → 从左到右/由中心向外定位 → 关系 → 外貌/性格 → 爱好/共同活动 → 家庭感受”组织。位置短语常用 on the left/right, in the middle, next to, behind, in front of。避免连续重复 This is ...，可交替使用 Here is ..., The boy next to ..., In the middle are ...。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 10. Word forms in family contexts fun / funny：fun 表示“乐趣；有趣的事”，常见于 have fun / be great fun；funny 是形容词，表示“好笑的”，有时也表示“奇怪的”。 real / really：real 是形容词，修饰名词：a real story；really 是副词，可修饰动词、形容词或副词：really like / really kind。 love / lovely：love 可作动词或名词，表示“爱；喜爱”；lovely 是形容词，表示“可爱的；令人愉快的”，如 a lovely family photo。 mean / meaning / meaningful：mean 作动词表示“意思是；意味着”；meaning 是名词“意义”；meaningful 是形容词“有意义的”。判断词形时，要先看空格在句中需要动词、名词、形容词还是副词。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 11. Family interaction patterns some / any：肯定句通常用 some，否定句和一般疑问句通常用 any；表示邀请、请求并期待肯定回答时，疑问句也可用 some：Would you like some tea? help / make：help sb. (to) do sth. / help sb. with sth. 表示“帮助某人做某事”；make sb. do sth. 表示“使某人做某事”，do 前不能加 to。 one / ones：one 代替前文出现的单数可数名词，ones 代替复数可数名词：the red one / the old ones，避免重复同一个名词。 both / all / each：both 指两者都，后接复数；all 指三者或三者以上都，后可接复数或不可数名词；each 强调“每一个”，作主语时谓语动词通常用单数。 双宾语结构：read sb. a story = read a story to sb.；类似结构还有 show sb. a photo = show a photo to sb.。 学习提示：先确定句子功能和主语，再检查动词形式、搭配、介词与名词单复数。 五、语音专项 Pronunciation 1. 元音 /ɜː/：her, girl, turn, first；/ə/：sister, doctor, mother, about。 2. 元音 /ʌ/：duck, much, uncle, cousin；/ɑː/：dark, heart, father, aunt。 3. 词尾 -s / -es：清辅音后多读 /s/（likes）；浊辅音或元音后多读 /z/（reads, plays）；咝音后读 /ɪz/（watches）。 4. 常见重音：'funny, 'mother, 'uncle, 'cousin；be'gin, a'bout, be'cause, i'dea。 六、常见错误 Common Errors 易错形式 规范表达 辨析依据 This are my parents. These are my parents. 复数近指用 these。 Those is my cousin. That is my cousin. 单数远指用 that。 My father go fishing. My father goes fishing. 三单主语后的实义动词变三单。 Does she likes music? Does she like music? does 后用动词原形。 childs / wifes children / wives 不规则复数需单独识记。 my parents room my parents' room 以 -s 结尾的复数名词所有格只加撇号。 Whose rods are these? — My. They're mine / my father's. 名词性物主代词可独立使用。 play the chess play chess 棋类前通常不用冠词。 play piano play the piano 乐器前通常用 the。 spend time to fish spend time fishing spend time doing。 What does he look like? — Kind. What is he like? — Kind. look like 问外貌；be like 问性格。 make us to laugh make us laugh make sb. do sth. 不带 to。 七、交际与写作 Communication & Writing 1. 交际功能句 • 确认人物：Who's this / that? / Who are these / those? • 询问归属：Whose fishing rods are those? • 询问外貌：What does your sister look like? • 询问性格：What is your brother like? • 询问喜好：What does your grandpa like? • 描述位置：My grandparents are in the middle, and my aunt is next to them. 2. My Family Photo Here is a photo of my family. My grandparents are in the middle. My parents are on the left, and my uncle and aunt are on the right. The tall boy next to my grandfather is my cousin Leo. He is quiet but very kind. My little sister is sitting on Grandma's knee. She is funny and always makes us laugh. At weekends, we play games, read stories and cook together. We are different, but we love and help each other. 写作建议：按“主题句—关键信息—具体例子—感受或愿望”组织；检查主谓一致、时态、名词单复数和连接词。公开资料中不填写真实电话号码、家庭住址、账号密码等敏感信息。 八、拓展识记与自我检查 Recognition & Self-check 1. family tree 中的亲属关系 2. this / that / these / those 3. 一般现在时的三单形式 4. 名词所有格的共有与分别拥有 5. 形容词性与名词性物主代词 6. play / like / spend 的结构家族 7. look like / be like / like 的区别 8. 全家福的空间顺序与家庭情感 Self-check □ I can identify family relationships from a family tree. □ I can use demonstratives and noun plurals correctly. □ I can form third-person singular verbs and Do / Does questions. □ I can ask and answer questions with whose and possessive forms. □ I can describe a family photo in a clear spatial order. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $