Unit 5 Play by the rules单元核心素养培优卷2026-2027学年外研版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本卷为八年级英语上册Unit 5“Play by the rules?”单元核心素养培优卷，以规则意识为主题，通过真实生活情境（如公交车行为、火灾救援）与梯度题型设计，融合语言能力训练与思维品质培养，适配单元复习巩固与素养提升需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|15题/15分|动词形式、情态动词、上下文理解|以公交车场景渗透规则内化，考查责任意识（如responsibility）| |阅读理解|20题/40分|主旨归纳、细节推理、规则意义|A篇探讨学生参与校规制定，B篇辩证分析规则例外，体现思维深度| |读写结合|25分|信息提取、规则设计与表达|书面表达要求为现代新事物（如网购、AI）制定规则并阐释理由，强化创新应用与语言输出能力|

2026-2027学年八年级英语上册单元核心素养培优卷外研版（新教材） Unit 5 Play by the rules? 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Last week, I was on a bus. I saw a young man 1 loudly on his phone. The driver asked him to be quiet, but he 2 . Then an old lady stood up and said, “Young man, you 3 respect others. Please turn down your voice.” The young man felt 4 and finally stopped. I learned that rules are not only on the wall but also in our 5 . We should follow them 6 the comfort of everyone. Sometimes it’s hard to speak up, but it’s our 7 to remind others. The old lady set a good 8 . She didn’t shout 9 was calm and polite. I think we can all learn 10 her. Rules are there to protect us, not to limit us. If everyone 11 the rules, the world will be a better place. I have already 12 that it’s important to be brave and speak up 13 necessary. I also try to 14 a good example for younger children. I believe that following rules shows our 15 to society. 1．A．talk B．talking C．to talk D．talked 2．A．agreed B．refused C．obeyed D．understood 3．A．should B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．might 4．A．excited B．happy C．embarrassed D．proud 5．A．heads B．hearts C．books D．pockets 6．A．for B．against C．without D．about 7．A．right B．responsibility C．chance D．choice 8．A．example B．lesson C．rule D．speech 9．A．and B．but C．or D．so 10．A．about B．from C．of D．at 11．A．follows B．breaks C．makes D．changes 12．A．realized B．forgotten C．imagined D．hoped 13．A．although B．while C．when D．because 14．A．take B．set C．have D．give 15．A．kindness B．honesty C．responsibility D．understanding 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读以下三篇短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个与短文内容相符的最佳选项。 A School rules are made to create a safe and positive learning environment. For example, the rule “No running in the hallways” prevents accidents. The rule “No using phones in class” helps students focus. But sometimes students think rules are too strict. In a recent survey, 60% of students said they would like to have a say in making rules. Schools that involve students in rule-making often find that students follow rules more willingly. When students understand the reason behind a rule, they respect it more. So, communication between teachers and students is key. Rules should not be just orders; they should be agreements that everyone understands and supports. Also, rules should be reviewed regularly to keep up with changes. 16．What is the main idea of the passage? A．School rules are unnecessary. B．Students should help make rules and understand them. C．Teachers should make all rules. D．Rules are always too strict. 17．According to the survey, what do most students want? A．To have fewer rules. B．To participate in making rules. C．To break rules. D．To ignore rules. 18．Why do students follow rules more willingly when they are involved? A．They are afraid of punishment. B．They understand the reasons. C．They are forced to. D．They get rewards. 19．What does the author suggest about rules in schools? A．They should never change. B．They should be reviewed regularly. C．They should be stricter. D．They should be ignored. 20．What is the best title for the passage? A．Why Rules Are Made B．How to Break Rules C．Involving Students in Rule-Making D．The Danger of School Rules B Dear Editor, I am writing to share my opinion about breaking rules. Last week, my neighbour’s house caught fire. The fire truck got stuck in traffic. A police car guided it through the traffic and even drove on the wrong side of the road to get there quickly. They saved the house and the family. In this case, breaking traffic rules was necessary. However, I also see people breaking rules for selfish reasons. Some drivers use emergency lanes to skip traffic, putting others at risk. Some students copy homework to save time, which is unfair. I believe that rules are important, but we should allow exceptions for real emergencies. We also need to punish those who break rules for selfish reasons. What do you think? Yours sincerely, A Reader 21．What happened to the writer’s neighbour? A．A car accident. B．A house fire. C．A robbery. D．A flood. 22．How did the police help the fire truck? A．They drove it. B．They guided it through traffic and drove on the wrong side. C．They moved the traffic. D．They called another truck. 23．What are some selfish reasons for breaking rules? A．Saving lives. B．Helping others. C．Using emergency lanes to skip traffic. D．Following orders. 24．What does the writer suggest about rules? A．All rules should be broken. B．Exceptions should be allowed for emergencies but selfish breaking should be punished. C．No rules should be broken. D．Breaking rules is always acceptable. 25．What is the writer’s overall attitude towards rules? A．They are useless. B．They are important but have exceptions. C．They should be stricter. D．They should be ignored. C Rule Purpose Why it’s important Wear a seat belt in cars To stay safe in case of accidents Saves lives Keep quiet in libraries To let others concentrate Helps everyone study Don’t litter in public places To keep the environment clean Protects nature Arrive on time for school To start lessons on time Shows respect for others Be honest To build trust Creates good relationships 26．What is the purpose of wearing a seat belt? A．To keep the environment clean. B．To stay safe in case of accidents. C．To help everyone study. D．To build trust. 27．Why should we keep quiet in libraries? A．To save lives. B．To protect nature. C．To let others concentrate. D．To show respect for others. 28．What is the result of littering in public places? A．Saves lives. B．Protects nature. C．Creates good relationships. D．Harms the environment. 29．What does arriving on time for school show? A．It shows respect for others. B．It saves lives. C．It keeps the environment clean. D．It builds trust. 30．What is the common theme of all these rules? A．They are all about school. B．They all help us in different ways. C．They are all about honesty. D．They are all for adults only. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从文后所列选项中，选出最佳选项填入对应空白处，使短文通顺、连贯。（选项中有两项多余） How to Follow Rules in Public Places Public places have rules to keep order and safety. Here are some tips to help you follow them. 31 . Look for signs or notices that tell you what to do or not to do. 32 . If you are unsure about a rule, ask a staff member or a security guard. 33 . If you see someone breaking a rule, politely remind them or report it to an authority. 34 . Remember that rules are for everyone’s benefit, so don’t take them personally. 35 . If you accidentally break a rule, apologize and correct your behaviour immediately. A．Be aware of your surroundings. B．Don’t be afraid to ask for help. C．Always argue with those who break rules. D．Accept that rules apply to everyone. E．Take responsibility for your actions. F．Ignore rules that you think are silly. G．Encourage others to follow rules. 3、 词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 36．Andrew dreams of becoming a ________ (law) when he grows up. He will study hard to make his dream come true. 37．The school can use this rule ________ (encourage) good behaviour. 38．The students ________ (design) new rules for the class next week. 39．The taxi driver could cause an accident and might ________ (hurt) someone. 40．New things of modern life ________ (change) the way we live. 41．She promised to ________ (尊重) our wishes. 42．Is there ________ (任何事物) I can do to help you? 43．The library is ________ (在……的对面) the street from the park, so you have to cross the road. 44．The ________ (乘客) in seat 12A asked the flight attendant (乘务员) for a glass of water. 45．Keep walking ________ (笔直地) along this path, and you’ll see the beautiful lake at the end. 4、 完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 46．我们相信这条规则将有助于创造更好的学习环境。 We believe this rule will help ________ create a better learning environment. 47．在本单元结束时，你将设计新的班规。 By the end of this unit, you will ________ new rules for your class. 48．我写信是为了分享一个感人的故事。 I’m writing ___________________ share a touching story. 49．这条规则是关于如何在课堂上相互尊重的。 This rule is ________ how to respect each other in class. 50．决定你想为什么新事物制定规则。 Decide what new things you want __________ write rules for. 五、短文选词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。每词限用一次。 avoid, citizen, honest, law, limit, personal, pick, private, reduce, spread Every 51 has the duty to follow the rules of society. Rules are not meant to 52 our freedom, but to protect everyone’s rights. For example, traffic rules 53 the risk of accidents. When we share 54 information online, we should be careful and keep it 55 to avoid being cheated. If we see someone breaking a rule, we should politely remind them. Sometimes, we need to 56 up the rubbish to keep public places clean. Also, we should be 57 when we make mistakes and admit them. Rules help 58 good behaviour and create a better community. If we all follow rules, we can 59 many problems. Remember, breaking the 60 can lead to serious consequences. 六、短文语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 Our class decided 61 (design) some new rules 62 (improve) our learning environment. First, we discussed the problems in class. Some students often talked 63 the teacher was teaching, which made it hard 64 (concentrate). Others did not hand in homework on time. 65 (solve) these problems, we came up with three rules. Rule 1: "Please be quiet during lessons." This rule aims 66 (create) a peaceful studying atmosphere. Rule 2: "No phones in class." This rule is 67 (prevent) distractions. Rule 3: “Please hand in homework on time.” We think these rules will help us 68 (become) better students. We will put the rules on a board 69 (remind) everyone. We believe that following rules is the key 70 a successful class. 七、读写结合（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） A Story About Honesty Last week, I found a wallet on the street. Inside, there was a lot of money and an ID card. I knew I should return it to the owner. I looked at the address on the card and went to that house. The owner was an old lady. She was very thankful because she needed the money for her medicine. She offered me a reward, but I refused. I said, “It’s my duty to be honest.” I felt proud of myself. This experience taught me that following the rule of honesty brings happiness to both sides. 根据短文内容回答下列问题。 71．What did the writer find on the street? 72．How did the writer find the owner? 73．Why was the lady thankful? 74．Did the writer accept the reward? 75．将文中划线句子 “Following the rule of honesty brings happiness to both sides.” 翻译成中文。 第二节 书面表达（共1题，满分15分） 76．根据以下提示，为现代生活的新事物写一份规则列表。 内容要求： 1. 选择两个你感兴趣的现代新事物（如：网购、AI、智能手机）； 2. 为每个新事物列出至少两条规则； 3. 解释为什么需要这些规则； 4. 说明遵守这些规则的好处。 要求： - 不少于80词； - 使用本单元所学词汇和句型（如：It is important to..., We should..., This helps us..., etc.）； - 结构清晰，包含规则和理由。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及试题解析 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文讲述作者在公交车上目睹一位老奶奶礼貌劝说大声打电话的年轻人，由此感悟：规则不只写在墙上，更要记在心里，遵守规则是我们对社会的责任。 【解析】1．句意：我看见一个年轻人在手机上大声说话。 “see sb. doing sth.”表示“看见某人正在做某事”，强调看见动作正在发生，应用talking。to talk、talked搭配错误，talk原形不能作宾语补足语。 2．句意：司机让他安静，但他拒绝了。 “but”表转折，说明男子没听司机的话，前后行为相反，refused“拒绝”符合逻辑。agreed“同意”，obeyed“遵守”，understood “理解”语意不通。 3．句意：随后一位老太太站起身说道：“年轻人，你应该尊重他人。请把你的音量调小。” 根据老人劝告的语气可知，应用should“应该”。needn’t“不必”，mustn’t“禁止”，might“可能”不符合逻辑。 4．句意：年轻人感到尴尬，最终停止了。 被当众指出错误，应感到embarrassed“尴尬”。excited“兴奋的”，happy“开心的”，proud“骄傲的”均为正面情绪，不符语境。 5．句意：我了解到规则不只是贴在墙上，也存在于我们的内心。 根据后文“We should follow them”可知，作者强调遵守规则不仅是看到墙上的规定，更应该从内心认识到遵守规则的重要性，因此用hearts表示“心中”。heads“头脑”，books“书本”，pockets“口袋”不符合语境。 6．句意：为了每个人的舒适，我们应该遵守它们。 遵守规则是为了他人，应用for“为了”。against“反对”，without“没有”，about“关于”含义不符。 7．句意：有时候开口指出很难，但提醒他人是我们的责任。 维护公共秩序，是责任和义务，应用responsibility。right“权利”，chance“机会”，choice“选择”不符合社会责任语境。 8．句意：这位老奶奶树立了一个好榜样。 根据后文可知老人用礼貌、平静的方式提醒别人，为作者提供了值得学习的行为，因此用set a good example表示“树立一个好榜样”，符合逻辑。lesson“课程”，rule“规则”，speech“演讲”搭配不当。 9．句意：她没有大喊大叫，而是冷静礼貌。 前后两个分句形成转折关系：老人没有大喊，而是保持冷静和礼貌，因此用but连接。and“并且”，or“或者”，so“所以”逻辑关系不符。 10．句意：我认为我们都可以向她学习。 固定搭配“learn from sb.”表示“向某人学习”，此处表达应以老人为师。about“关于”，of“……的”，at“在”均为错误搭配。 11．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，世界会更好。 此处为正面假设，“follow the rules”表示“遵守规则”，符合逻辑，主语“everyone”为单数，谓语动词用其第三人称单数形式follows。breaks“打破”导致负面结果，makes“制作”和changes“改变”语意不通。 12．句意：我已经意识到，在必要的时候勇敢站出来发声很重要。 本句是作者亲历这件事产生的感悟，应用完成时态表结果，“have already realized”表示“已经意识到”，符合逻辑。forgotten“忘记”；imagined“想象”；hoped“希望”不符合“领悟道理”语境。 13．句意：我已经意识到，在必要的时候勇敢站出来发声很重要。 表时间条件，应用when，“when necessary”表示“当必要的时候”，为省略句式。although“虽然”表让步，while“当……时”强调同时性，because“因为”表原因，均不符合逻辑。 14．句意：我也努力为年纪更小的孩子树立一个好榜样。 “set a good example for sb.”表示“为某人树立好榜样”，为固定搭配。take“拿”，have“拥有”，give“给予”均不符合语境。 15．句意：我相信遵守规则体现出我们对社会的责任感。 全文围绕遵守规则、承担社会责任展开，应用responsibility“责任”，呼应前文。kindness“善良”，honesty“诚实”，understanding“理解”都不如“责任”贴切。 16．B 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文围绕校园规则展开，指出制定校规的初衷是营造良好学习环境，提出让学生参与规则制定、知晓规则背后的意义，能让学生更自觉尊重遵守规则，同时校规也需定期迭代调整，最终成为师生共同认可支持的共识。 【解析】16．通读全文可知，文章不仅介绍了校规的作用，重点强调了学生参与制定规则及理解规则原因的重要性，而非单纯强调规则严格或由老师制定。 17．根据文中“In a recent survey, 60% of students said they would like to have a say in making rules.”可知，学生希望参与制定规则。 18．根据文中“When students understand the reason behind a rule, they respect it more.”可知，理解原因是学生更愿意遵守规则的关键。 19．根据文章最后一句“Also, rules should be reviewed regularly to keep up with changes.”可知，作者建议规则应定期审查。 20．文章核心观点是倡导师生沟通及让学生参与规则制定，从而提高遵守规则的意愿。C选项“Involving Students in Rule-Making”适合作标题。 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．B 【导语】本文是一封读者来信，作者通过邻居家火灾中警察为消防车开道、不惜违章逆行的案例，引出对“打破规则”这一话题的讨论，表达了“紧急情况下应允许例外，但自私违规应受惩罚”的观点。 【解析】21．文章第二句：“Last week, my neighbour’s house caught fire.”，提到作者的邻居家发生了火灾。 22．文章第四句：“A police car guided it through the traffic and even drove on the wrong side of the road to get there quickly.”，提到警察的帮助方式是引导消防车并逆行。 23．文章提到：“Some drivers use emergency lanes to skip traffic, putting others at risk.”，自私的违规理由包括占用应急车道避开拥堵。 24．文章提到：“I believe that rules are important, but we should allow exceptions for real emergencies. We also need to punish those who break rules for selfish reasons.”，作者的建议是紧急情况可例外，自私违规应惩罚。 25．综合全文，作者既强调规则的重要性，又承认紧急情况下的例外，同时也反对自私违规。因此作者的态度是“规则重要但有例外”。 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，列举了系安全带、图书馆保持安静、不随地乱扔垃圾、按时到校和诚实五条规则，说明每条规则的目的及重要性。 【解析】26．表格“Wear a seat belt in cars”行的“Purpose”列明确写着“To stay safe in case of accidents”，系安全带的目的是在事故中保障安全。 27．表格“Keep quiet in libraries”行的“Purpose”列提到“To let others concentrate”，图书馆保持安静的目的是让他人集中注意力。 28．表格“Don’t litter in public places”行的“Purpose”列说明“To keep the environment clean”，因此乱扔垃圾会“危害环境”，与“保持环境清洁”相反。 29．表格“Arrive on time for school”行的“Why it’s important”列指出“Shows respect for others”，即按时到校体现对他人的尊重。 30．各规则的重要性分别是“拯救生命”“帮助学习”“保护自然”“体现尊重”“建立信任”，共同主题是“在不同方面帮助我们”。 31．A 32．B 33．G 34．D 35．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何在公共场所遵守规则的五条建议，旨在帮助人们维护公共秩序和安全。 【解析】31．文章第2段后文说，要寻找那些能做什么或不要做什么的标志或通知，由此可知我们需要留意周围的环境标识，A选项“注意你周围的环境。”符合语境。 32．根据第3段后文，不确定某项规则，请问工作人员或保安，由此可知，遇到疑问时要寻求帮助，B选项“不要害怕寻求帮助”符合语境。 33．根据第4段后文提到，如果看到有人违反规则，礼貌地提醒他们或向当局报告，由此可知，我们要鼓励或督促他人遵守规则，G选项“鼓励他人遵守规则。”符合语境。 34．根据第5段后文，记住规则是为了每个人的利益，所以不要把它们当成个人的，由此可知，规则适用于所有人，D选项“接受规则适用于每个人。”符合语境 35．根据第6段后文，如果你不小心违反了规则，请立即道歉并纠正你的行为，由此可知，我们要为自己的行为承担责任，E选项“为自己的行为负责。”符合语境。 36．lawyer 【解析】句意：安德鲁梦想长大后成为一名律师。他会努力学习实现他的梦想。不定冠词a后接表示职业的名词，law的职业名词为lawyer，意为“律师”。 37．to encourage 【解析】句意：学校可以利用这条规则来鼓励良好的行为。根据句意，学校使用这条规则的目的是为了鼓励良好行为，因此应用动词不定式结构。固定用法“use sth. to do sth.”意为“使用某物去做某事”。故填to encourage。 38．will design/are going to design 【解析】句意：学生们下周将为班级设计新规则。根据时间状语“next week”（下周）可知，句子描述的是将来发生的动作，应用一般将来时。结构为“will + 动词原形”或“be going to + 动词原形”。主语是The students（复数），be动词用are，故填will design/are going to design。 39．hurt 【解析】句意：这个出租车司机可能会引发事故，并且可能会伤到别人。句中might为情态动词，情态动词后接动词原形，故填hurt。 40．have changed 【解析】句意：现代生活中的新事物改变了我们的生活方式。本句强调过去发生的变化对现在造成影响（如今生活方式不一样），要用现在完成时。主语New things是复数，助动词用have，change的过去分词为changed。 41．respect 【解析】句意：她承诺会尊重我们的意愿。promise to do sth为固定搭配，空格处需要填动词原形，“尊重”对应的英文动词是respect。故填respect。 42．anything 【解析】句意：有什么我能帮你的吗？原句为there be句型的一般疑问句，空处在句中作主语。根据汉语提示，“任何事物”应用不定代词anything。 43．opposite 【解析】句意：图书馆在公园对面的街道上，所以你必须过马路。“在……的对面”对应英文为介词opposite。 44．passenger 【解析】句意：12A座位上的乘客向乘务员要了一杯水。根据中文提示“乘客”可知，此处需要名词“passenger”；空前有定冠词“The”，且指座位上的某一位乘客，故用单数形式“passenger”。 45．straight 【解析】句意：沿着这条路直走，走到尽头你就能看见美丽的湖泊。根据汉语提示可知，“笔直地”对应的英文是straight，修饰动词walking。 46．to// 【解析】原句中“有助于”是关键词，表示“有助于做某事”的结构是help (to) do sth。to为不定式符号，也可省略，后接动词原形create。故填to或者不填。 47．design 【解析】中英文对照，句中缺少关键词“设计”。此处需要动词作谓语。“设计”对应的英文动词为design。句中will是助动词，表示一般将来时，其后需接动词原形，应填design。 48．to 【解析】原句中“是为了”表示目的，用“to”表示，后接动词原形，用于引出写作的目的。应填to。 49．about 【解析】原句中，“关于”是关键词，介词about表示“关于”，用于衔接主语与后续的内容。 50．to 【解析】原句中，“想要做某事”是关键词，want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，空处填动词不定式符号to。 51．citizen 52．limit 53．reduce 54．personal 55．private 56．pick 57．honest 58．spread 59．avoid 60．law 【导语】本文围绕社会规则展开，阐述公民遵守规则的义务、规则对自由的作用及遵守规则的意义等内容。 【解析】51．句意：每个公民都有责任遵守社会规则。Every后接可数名词单数，根据“has the duty to follow the rules of society”可知，遵守规则的主体是公民，citizen“公民”符合语境。 52．句意：规则不是为了限制我们的自由，而是为了保护每个人的权利。be meant to do sth.意为“打算做某事”，to后接动词原形；根据后半句“protect everyone’s rights”的转折关系，结合备选词，limit“限制”符合语境。 53．句意：例如，交通规则减少了事故的风险。主语“traffic rules”是复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形；交通规则是为了降低风险，结合备选词，reduce“减少”符合语境。 54．句意：当我们在网上分享个人信息时，我们应该小心并保持其私密以避免被骗。修饰名词information，需用形容词；此处指分享个人信息，personal information为固定搭配，意为“个人信息”，结合备选词，personal“个人的”符合语境。 55．句意：当我们在网上分享个人信息时，我们应该小心并保持其私密以避免被骗。“keep sth. + adj.”表示“保持某物……”；根据前文分享个人信息需小心，此处指保持私密，结合备选词，private“私密的”符合语境。 56．句意：有时，我们需要捡起垃圾以保持公共场所清洁。need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，to后接动词原形；pick up意为“捡起”，符合清理垃圾的语境，结合备选词，应填pick。 57．句意：此外，当我们犯错时，我们应该诚实，并承认错误。be动词后接形容词作表语；根据“admit them”可知，需要诚实，结合备选词，honest“诚实的”符合语境。 58．句意：规则有助于传播良好行为并创造更好的社区。help (to) do sth.意为“帮助做某事”；规则能推广好行为，结合备选词，spread“传播”符合语境。 59．句意：如果我们都遵守规则，我们可以避免许多问题。情态动词can后接动词原形；遵守规则的目的是防止问题发生，结合备选词，avoid“避免”符合语境。 60．句意：记住，违法会导致严重后果。根据“lead to serious consequences.”可知，违法会导致严重后果；break the law为固定短语，意为“违法”；此处指法律这一概念，用单数即可，结合备选词，law“法律”符合语境。 61．to design 62．to improve 63．while 64．to concentrate 65．To solve 66．to create 67．to prevent 68．to become/become 69．to remind 70．to 【导语】本文主要介绍了班级制定了三条新规，改善学习环境，规范同学们的在校表现。 【解析】61．句意：我们班决定制定一些新班规。固定搭配：decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语，故填to design。 62．句意：制定新规，以此改善我们的学习环境。不定式to do在句中表目的，用来表示制定规则的目的，故填to improve。 63．句意：老师讲课的时候，有些同学经常讲话。while引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，从句用进行时“was teaching”，强调动作持续进行。故填while。 64．句意：这让大家很难集中注意力。make it+adj.+to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式，故填to concentrate。 65．句意：为了解决这些问题，我们想出三条规定。后半句是主句，前半句用来说明“想出规则”的目的，此处是动词不定式作目的状语，表达“为了……”，句首首字母大写，故填To solve。 66．句意：这条规定旨在营造安静的学习氛围。固定短语aim to do sth.表示“力求做某事”，此处用动词不定式，故填to create。 67．句意：这条规定是为了防止（同学们）分心。此处是不定式作表语，结构为be to do，说明制定这条规则的目的，故填to prevent。 68．句意：我们相信这些规定能帮助我们成为更优秀的学生。固定搭配help sb. (to) do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，此处用动词不定式，to可省略，故填to become/become。 69．句意：我们会把规定张贴在公告板上来提醒每一个人。此处是动词不定式表示目的，张贴板子的目的是提醒大家，故填to remind。 70．句意：我们相信遵守规则是打造优秀班级的关键。固定短语the key to…表示“……的关键“，应填介词to。 71．A wallet. 72．He/She looked at the address on the ID card and went to that house. 73．Because she needed the money for her medicine. 74．No, he/she didn’t. 75．遵守诚实的准则会给双方都带来快乐。 【导语】本文讲述一则关于诚实的小故事。作者在街上捡到钱包，根据身份证地址找到失主老奶奶，拒绝了报酬，懂得了诚实会让双方都收获快乐的道理。 【解析】71．原文第一句“Last week, I found a wallet on the street” 直接点明捡到的物品，提取原文信息即可。 72．原文“I looked at the address on the card and went to that house”，说明了作者找到失主的方式，直接定位原句。 73．原文“She was very thankful because she needed the money for her medicine” 给出了老奶奶感激的原因，直接提取because后的内容。 74．原文“She offered me a reward, but I refused”，refused表示拒绝，因此做否定回答。 75．Following the rule of honesty brings happiness to both sides译为“遵守诚实的准则会给双方都带来快乐”。其中Following the rule of honesty意为“遵守诚实的准则”，动名词短语作主语；the rule of honesty意为“诚实的准则”；brings happiness to both sides意为“给双方带来快乐”；bring sth. to sb.意为“给某人带来某物”。 76．范文： Here are some rules for new things in modern life.   First, for online shopping, we should use trusted websites and check if the site is secure. Do not share your personal information easily. Second, for AI tools, never submit AI-generated work as your own. Use AI to help you learn, not to replace your thinking.   These rules are important because they help us use new technology safely and wisely. By following these rules, we can enjoy modern life without risks. 【解析】[写作步骤] [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：材料作文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：选择两个感兴趣的现代新事物，为每个新事物列出至少两条规则，解释为什么需要这些规则，并说明遵守这些规则的好处 确定人称：第一人称(we/our)，结合祈使句 注意事项：词数不少于80，使用本单元所学词汇和句型，结构清晰，包含规则和理由 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明主题，引出下文 主体段：说明规则，解释原因 结尾段：总结感受，介绍好处 [第三步：要点展开] 要点：选择两个感兴趣的现代新事物，列出至少两条规则，并解释原因，说明好处 选择事物：for online shopping/for AI tools/smart phones may influence our lifestyle等 具体规则：use trusted websites and check if the site is secure/Do not share your personal information easily/never submit AI-generated work as your own/Use AI to help you learn, not to replace your thinking/make use of AI wisely等 说明原因：because they help us use new technology safely and wisely/This helps us live a happier life等 解释好处：we can enjoy modern life without risks/we can have more spare time doing other things等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $