高考英语语法填空·常考形容词后缀专项练习(2)-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

2027届一轮复习 高考英语语法填空·常考形容词后缀专项练习

第一部分 17种常考形容词后缀对比辨析

模块1 常用形容词后缀（一）：-ful / -less / -ive / -ous / -able(-ible)

1. -ful：加在名词后，表示“充满……的”：helpful, useful, careful, beautiful

2. -less：加在名词后，表示“无……的”：helpless, careless, homeless, endless

3. -ive：加在动词/名词后，表示“有……倾向的；……的”：active, creative, attractive, effective

4. -ous：加在名词后，表示“具有……的”：famous, dangerous, humorous, nervous

5. -able / -ible：加在动词/名词后，表示“可……的；能……的”：comfortable, reasonable, possible, responsible

 

模块2 常用形容词后缀（二）：-al / -y / -ly / -ish / -en / -like / -ant(-ent) / -ic / -ary(-ory) / -some

6. -al：加在名词后，表示“……的”：natural, national, traditional, environmental

7. -y：加在名词后，表示“多……的；有……的”：sunny, cloudy, healthy, lucky

8. -ly：加在名词后，表示“……般的；每隔……的”：friendly, lovely, daily, weekly

9. -ish：加在名词/形容词后，表示“稍带……的；……似的”：childish, foolish, selfish

10. -en：加在名词后，表示“……质的；由……制成的”：wooden, golden, woolen

11. -like：加在名词后，表示“像……一样的”：childlike, lifelike

12. -ant / -ent：加在动词后，表示“……的”：important, different, convenient, confident

13. -ic：加在名词后，表示“……的”：scientific, historic, energetic, realistic

14. -ary / -ory：表示“……的；与……有关的”：necessary, ordinary, satisfactory

15. -some：表示“引起……的；有……倾向的”：troublesome, handsome, tiresome

 

模块3 分词形容词后缀对比：-ed 与 -ing

16. -ed：加在动词/名词后，表示“感到……的”（多修饰人）：interested, excited, tired, talented

17. -ing：加在动词后，表示“令人……的”（多修饰物）：interesting, exciting, amazing

 

语法小总结

1. 分词形容词 -ed 与 -ing：-ed 表示“感到……的”，多修饰人；-ing 表示“令人……的”，多修饰物，如 interested / interesting，excited / exciting，tired / tiring。

2. -ful 与 -less 常构成反义对应：careful / careless，helpful / helpless，useful / useless。

3. 构词时注意拼写变化：balance → balanced（去 e）；organize → organized（去 e）；modify → modified（y 变 i）；fulfil → fulfilled（双写 l）。

4. 一词多空时往往同时考查 -ing 与 -ed，一个修饰物（令人……的）、一个修饰人（感到……的），如 absorbing / absorbed，astonishing / astonished，convincing / convinced。

5. 部分名词加后缀变形容词需牢记：talent → talented，charm → charming，appeal → appealing，challenge → challenging，promise → promising，demand → demanding，surround → surrounding。

 

语法填空训练

1. The library stays ______（close）during the Spring Festival holiday, so students have to study at home.

2. The subway station was so ______（crowd）that I could hardly move forward during the rush hour.

3. As a ______（dedicate）doctor, Mr. Smith has saved hundreds of lives in the past twenty years.

4. She was truly ______（delight）with the result of the experiment, which proved her three years of efforts worthwhile.

5. The government has taken effective measures to protect ______（endanger）wild animals from being hunted.

6. After completing the volunteer work, she felt truly ______（fulfil）and decided to continue helping others.

7. The ______（modify）version of the software has fixed many bugs and runs much more smoothly.

8. She is so ______（organize）that every document on her desk is kept in perfect order.

9. Everyone felt greatly ______（relieve）when the plane finally landed safely in the storm.

10. Doctors suggest that we should keep a ______（balance）diet and take regular exercise to stay healthy.

11. Though ______（defeat）in the final game, the young team won great respect from the audience.

12. An ______（experience）teacher knows exactly how to arouse students’ interest in learning.

13. With ______（limit）time and resources, the research team still managed to finish the project on time.

14. Only those who have passed the strict examination are ______（qualify）for this position.

15. The ______（share）experience of climbing the mountain brought the classmates much closer together.

16. The young pianist is so ______（talent）that he has won several national competitions.

17. Compared with the ______（exist）equipment, the new one is easier to operate, and its voice function is especially helpful for ______（sight）people.

18. The ______（charm）scenery along the lake attracts thousands of tourists every year.

19. The idea of studying abroad sounds ______（appeal）, but it requires careful preparation.

20. Teaching in a remote village is a ______（challenge）but rewarding job.

21. The young scientist has made great progress and is regarded as a ______（promise）researcher in her field.

22. Being a nurse is a ______（demand）job, for nurses have to deal with all kinds of emergencies.

23. The ancient temple stands quietly in the ______（surround）mountains, attracting many visitors.

24. The lecture on space exploration was so ______ that the students sat there, completely ______ in it, eager to learn more.（absorb）

25. It was ______ that the little girl could play such a difficult piece of music, and the audience sat there looking completely ______.（astonish）

26. His ______ explanation finally made me believe him, and I was fully ______ that he was telling the truth.（convince）

27. The ______ news about the air pollution in the city made many residents feel deeply ______ about their health.（disturb）

28. When I forgot my lines in the speech, I felt rather ______, and it was really an ______ moment for me.（embarrass）

29. After an ______ day of training, the players returned to the dormitory and felt physically and mentally ______.（exhaust）