Unit 6 Beyond Earth 单元词汇重难点、易错点精练 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 以分层递进式训练构建词汇能力体系，从基础识记到语篇综合，系统提升词汇理解与运用能力，发展语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础层|词汇默写24题、短语6题、变形11题|聚焦词汇拼写、词义及词形转换|从核心词汇基本形式到派生变形，夯实语言知识基础| |进阶层|单词填空15题、词形填空10题、单选15题|在句子语境中考查词汇辨析与搭配|通过语境强化词汇用法规则，提升语言运用准确性| |拓展层|短文填空10题、完形填空15题|结合单元主题的语篇综合运用|建立词汇与主题语境关联，培养综合语言运用与思维品质|

Unit 6 Beyond Earth 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础层 (Level A) 重点词汇背默练 通过背默单元核心词汇，夯实本单元的词汇基础，解决词汇的识记和拼写问题。 · 进阶层 (Level B) 词汇句子语境练 在掌握核心词汇词义和拼写的基础上，通过在句子中练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展层 (Level C) 词汇语篇综合练 结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活调用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力。 重点词汇背默练 一、词汇默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ___________ prep. 在……较远的一边 adv. 在（或向）更远处 2. ___________ n. 任务；使命 3. ___________ n. 望远镜 4. ___________ adj. 失重的；无重量的 5. ___________ n. 活动；运动 6. ___________ adj. 睡着（的） 7. ___________ v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 8. ___________ adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 9. ___________ v. 要求；需要 10. ___________ v. 取消；终止 11. ___________ v. 刊登；出版 12. ___________ n. 火箭 13. ___________ adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 14. ___________ n. 神 15. ___________ n. 宇宙飞船 16. ___________ n. 板；牌子 17. ___________ num. 十亿 18. ___________ v. 合作；协作 19. ___________ n. 想象；想象力 20. ___________ n. 期望；希望 21. ___________ n.（航天）飞船 22. ___________ n. 测绘；民意调查 23. ___________ adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 24. ___________ v. 操作；运行 二、核心短语默写 1. ___________ 入睡 2. ___________ 人；人类 3. ___________ 以防万一 4. ___________ 在船（或火车、飞机）上 5. ___________ 与……合作 6. ___________ 访问；参观（某地） 三、单词变形 1. movement n.活动；运动 → ____________ v.移动；运动 2. asleep adj.睡着（的）→ ____________ v.&n.睡觉 3. crazy adj.疯狂的；不理智的 → ____________ adv.疯狂地 4. require v.要求；需要 → ____________ n.要求；必要条件 5. publish v.刊登；出版 → ____________ n.出版者；出版社 6. mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的 → ____________ n.神秘（的事物） 7. cooperate v.合作；协作 → ____________ n.合作 8. imagination n.想象；想象力 → ____________ v.想象 9. expectation n.期望；希望 → ____________ v.期望；预料 10. crowded adj.拥挤的 → ____________ n.人群 v.拥挤 11. operate v.操作；运行 → ____________ n.操作；运行 → ____________ n.操作员 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．Nothing is b________ human imagination and creative thinking. 2．International c________ helps human beings explore space together. 3．The Xuntian t________ will be sent to space around 2026. 4．It is hoped that a m________ mission to the moon will follow. 5．People have long b________ that there may be life on other planets. 6．Everything floats in w__________ condition. 7．The ________ (任务) to the moon will start next month. 8．It is illegal (违法的) to ________ (出版) his book without the author’s agreement. 9．Young doctors are ________ (要求) to avoid making mistakes in the doctor-patient relationship. 10．The Tiangong Space ________ (空间站) was completed in 2022. 11．The ________ (火箭) is preparing to take off at the launch center. 12．They will ________ (取消) the trip to the sea because of the bad weather. 13．The shopping mall is a ________ (拥挤) place on weekends. 14．The ________ (运动) of the earth is regular. 15．We did a ________ (调查) to find out customers’ opinions on the new product. 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．Everyone should be ________ (responsibility) for their own words and deeds. 17．Scientists are trying their best to solve the ________ (mysterious) of outer space. 18．International ________ (cooperate) plays an important role in modern space exploration. 19．You’d better wear a mask in ________ (crowd) places to protect yourself. 20．Never be ________ (crazy) about dangerous space guesses. 21．Astronauts feel ________ (weight) when their spacecraft travel in space, so they must be trained well before they go to space. 22．The slow ________ (move) of the clouds in the sky makes us relaxed when we look up at them. 23．His ________ (imagine) helps him draw amazing pictures. 24．Your DNA has ________ (billion) of instructions that explain why you are the way you are. 25．I felt so ________ yesterday evening that I fell ________ quickly. (sleep) 三、单项选择 26．—Let’s go to the planetarium (天文馆) this weekend. I heard there’s a special exhibition about Mars. —Sounds great! But I’m afraid it might be very ________. We should book tickets online first. A．crowded B．formal C．noisy D．dark 27．After a long day of space science classes, the little boy ________ on the sofa as soon as he got home. A．fell asleep B．fell down C．fell off D．fell over 28．—What does “beyond Earth” mean? —It means places ________ our planet Earth. A．behind B．beside C．beyond D．between 29．The ________ of human space travel excites all science lovers. A．expectation B．sadness C．anxiety D．balance 30．We need to ________ other countries to complete the big space project. A．mix up B．cooperate with C．divide into D．run out of 31．No one has ________ the distant planet yet. A．set foot on B．looked up to C．dropped out of D．gone through 32．Please take this medicine ________ you feel uncomfortable during the trip. A．above all B．to start with C．in case D．with ease 33．The trip to Mars is still ________ our present ability, but we will keep trying. A．over B．past C．beyond D．through 34．Scientists ________ many space research papers to share their new discoveries. A．launch B．publish C．tie D．cancel 35．—Why is a record put on Voyager 1? —________ alien life finds it, they can know about Earth. A．In case B．In time C．At present D．As soon as 36．The sports meeting was _______ because of bad weather. A．canceled B．finished C．operated 37．My brother is ________ about playing basketball, and he plays it every day after school. A．crazy B．good C．afraid D．strict 38．Astronauts have to tie themselves to ________ walls while sleeping to avoid floating away. A．weigh B．weightless C．weighted D．weighing 39．Space exploration ________ international cooperation among different countries. A．requires B．creates C．increases D．reduces 40．—Look at the ________ over there. It says “No Photos!”. —Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t notice it just now. A．board B．song C．menu D．flower 词汇语篇综合练 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know that the first human-made object to reach space 41 (send) up in 1957? It was a satellite called Sputnik 1, 42 was launched by the Soviet Union. Since then, many great things 43 (achieve) in space exploration. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person 44 (travel) into space. Eight years later, American astronauts 45 (land) on the Moon. China’s space program started much later 46 has developed quickly. In 2003, the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft 47 (launch) into space, carrying Yang Liwei. He became China’s first astronaut. Today, space exploration 48 (carry out) by many countries together. The International Space Station 49 (build) by several nations and has been home to astronauts from around the world. In the future, more space missions 50 (plan). Humans may soon return to the Moon and even travel to Mars. The final frontier is calling. 五、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 What drives us to look up at the stars and dream of space travel? This question has been explored by scientists and thinkers for generations. Some argue that the cost is too 51 . Others believe that space exploration is 52 for the long-term survival of our species. One key benefit of space exploration is that it helps us 53 Earth better. By studying the atmospheres of other planets, scientists gain 54 into our own climate patterns. The study of Mars, for example, helps us 55 the geological history of our own planet. Space research also drives 56 . Many everyday technologies were first 57 for space missions. For instance, GPS navigation, weather satellites, and even scratch-resistant lenses all 58 from space technology. The 59 of these inventions has improved countless lives. International 60 is another important outcome. Nations work side by side on space stations and joint missions, 61 knowledge and resources. The International Space Station, for example, is a symbol of what humanity can 62 when we work together. Perhaps the most profound driver is human 63 . We have always gazed at the night sky and asked, “What is out there?” This desire to know 64 us to explore, discover, and innovate. As more exoplanets are found, our understanding of the universe will continue to 65 . 51．A．high B．low C．cheap D．fair 52．A．harmful B．necessary C．comfortable D．popular 53．A．forget B．understand C．guess D．avoid 54．A．obstacles B．insights C．inventions D．investments 55．A．create B．ignore C．understand D．destroy 56．A．pollution B．competition C．innovation D．tradition 57．A．developed B．discovered C．discussed D．described 58．A．resulted B．suffered C．protected D．differed 59．A．progress B．discovery C．spread D．description 60．A．conflict B．cooperation C．rejection D．competition 61．A．wasting B．sharing C．hiding D．fighting 62．A．destroy B．achieve C．prevent D．avoid 63．A．curiosity B．creativity C．activity D．ability 64．A．forces B．advises C．invites D．drives 65．A．shrink B．expand C．control D．hide $ Unit 6 Beyond Earth 词汇重难点、易错点精练 目录 · 基础层 (Level A) 重点词汇背默练 通过背默单元核心词汇，夯实本单元的词汇基础，解决词汇的识记和拼写问题。 · 进阶层 (Level B) 词汇句子语境练 在掌握核心词汇词义和拼写的基础上，通过在句子中练习词汇，体会词汇在具体语境中的用法，熟悉词汇的搭配规则和适用场景，深化对词汇的理解与运用能力。 · 拓展层 (Level C) 词汇语篇综合练 结合单元主题，将词汇融入综合性语篇练习中，训练在完整语篇中灵活调用词汇的能力，同时帮助建立词汇和主题语境的关联，提升综合语言运用能力。 重点词汇背默练 一、词汇默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. beyond prep. 在……较远的一边 adv. 在（或向）更远处 2. mission n. 任务；使命 3. telescope n. 望远镜 4. weightless adj. 失重的；无重量的 5. movement n. 活动；运动 6. asleep adj. 睡着（的） 7. tie v. 系上；束紧 n. 领带 8. crazy adj. 疯狂的；不理智的 9. require v. 要求；需要 10. cancel v. 取消；终止 11. publish v. 刊登；出版 12. rocket n. 火箭 13. solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 14. god n. 神 15. spacecraft n. 宇宙飞船 16. board n. 板；牌子 17. billion num. 十亿 18. cooperate v. 合作；协作 19. imagination n. 想象；想象力 20. expectation n. 期望；希望 21. spaceship n.（航天）飞船 22. survey n. 测绘；民意调查 23. crowded adj. 人（太）多的；拥挤的 24. operate v. 操作；运行 二、核心短语默写 1. fall asleep 入睡 2. human being 人；人类 3. in case 以防万一 4. on board 在船（或火车、飞机）上 5. cooperate with 与……合作 6. set foot on 访问；参观（某地） 三、单词变形 1. movement n.活动；运动 → move v.移动；运动 2. asleep adj.睡着（的）→ sleep v.&n.睡觉 3. crazy adj.疯狂的；不理智的 → crazily adv.疯狂地 4. require v.要求；需要 → requirement n.要求；必要条件 5. publish v.刊登；出版 → publisher n.出版者；出版社 6. mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的 → mystery n.神秘（的事物） 7. cooperate v.合作；协作 → cooperation n.合作 8. imagination n.想象；想象力 → imagine v.想象 9. expectation n.期望；希望 → expect v.期望；预料 10. crowded adj.拥挤的 → crowd n.人群 v.拥挤 11. operate v.操作；运行 → operation n.操作；运行 → operator n.操作员 词汇句子语境练 一、根据提示填写单词 1．Nothing is b________ human imagination and creative thinking. 【答案】beyond 【详解】句意：没有什么能超越人类的想象力和创造性思维。空格前是系动词is，后接名词短语“human imagination and creative thinking”，此处需要填一个介词或介词短语构成系表结构。句意表达“没有什么能……人类的想象力和创造性思维”，结合首字母b可推知单词为beyond“超越”，表示范围上超出。故填beyond。 2．International c________ helps human beings explore space together. 【答案】cooperation 【详解】句意：国际合作助力人类共同探索太空。根据“International”以及“together”可知此处指的是国际合作；空前有形容词International，此处填名词，cooperation在本句中泛指合作这件事，是不可数名词，故填cooperation。 3．The Xuntian t________ will be sent to space around 2026. 【答案】telescope 【详解】句意：巡天望远镜将于2026年左右被送入太空。句中首字母t及“sent to space”提示此处表示“望远镜”，应用名词telescope。根据语境，Xuntian为特定的望远镜名称，应用单数形式。故填telescope。 4．It is hoped that a m________ mission to the moon will follow. 【答案】manned 【详解】句意：人们希望接下来将实施载人登月任务。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词mission，结合首字母m及“mission to the moon”可知此处表示“载人的”，manned意为“载人的”，符合语境。 5．People have long b________ that there may be life on other planets. 【答案】believed 【详解】句意：人们长久以来一直相信其他行星上可能存在生命。根据前面的“have”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，结构是“have+动词过去分词”。结合首字母b以及“there may be life on other planets”可知，“其他行星上可能存在生命”是人们相信的内容，动词believe符合题意，它的过去分词为believed。 6．Everything floats in w__________ condition. 【答案】weightless 【详解】句意：在失重状态下，一切都会漂浮。结合常识，在“失重”状态下物体才会漂浮，且空格处需填形容词修饰名词“condition”（状态），根据首字母“w”及语义，形容词“weightless”（失重的）符合要求。 7．The ________ (任务) to the moon will start next month. 【答案】mission 【详解】句意：登月任务将于下个月启动。括号内中文提示“任务”对应名词mission，定冠词The后可接单数名词，表示特指这一项登月任务，故填mission。 8．It is illegal (违法的) to ________ (出版) his book without the author’s agreement. 【答案】publish 【详解】句意：未经作者许可出版他的书籍是违法行为。本句句型为It is+adj.+to do sth.，不定式to后使用动词原形。publish为动词，意为“出版”。 9．Young doctors are ________ (要求) to avoid making mistakes in the doctor-patient relationship. 【答案】required 【详解】句意：年轻医生被要求在医患关系中避免犯错。主语Young doctors和动词“要求”之间是被动关系，固定搭配be required to do sth.（被要求做某事），因此应填required。 10．The Tiangong Space ________ (空间站) was completed in 2022. 【答案】Station 【详解】句意：天宫空间站于2022年建成。station“车站；站”，名词，Tiangong Space Station“天宫空间站”为专有名词，在句中作主语。 11．The ________ (火箭) is preparing to take off at the launch center. 【答案】rocket 【详解】句意：火箭正在发射中心准备起飞。表示“火箭”用rocket，谓语is是第三人称单数形式，主语用单数形式。 12．They will ________ (取消) the trip to the sea because of the bad weather. 【答案】cancel 【详解】句意：由于天气不好，他们将取消去海边的旅行。cancel“取消”是动词，will为情态动词，后面接动词原形cancel。 13．The shopping mall is a ________ (拥挤) place on weekends. 【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：购物中心在周末是个拥挤的地方。crowded“拥挤的”，形容词；“a...place”中间用形容词作定语。 14．The ________ (运动) of the earth is regular. 【答案】movement 【详解】句意：地球的运动是有规律的。空格前有定冠词The，空格后为of所有格，此处需要填入名词作句子主语；根据汉语提示“运动”，movement为对应的名词形式；谓语is为单数，主语使用单数形式。 15．We did a ________ (调查) to find out customers’ opinions on the new product. 【答案】survey 【详解】句意：我们做了一项调查来了解顾客对新产品的意见。survey“调查”，名词，“a”后跟单数名词，do a survey“做调查”。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 16．Everyone should be ________ (responsibility) for their own words and deeds. 【答案】responsible 【详解】句意：每个人都应当对自己的言行负责。固定搭配be responsible for表示“对……负责”；be动词后面需要接形容词作表语，responsibility是名词，意为“责任”，形容词形式为responsible，故填responsible。 17．Scientists are trying their best to solve the ________ (mysterious) of outer space. 【答案】mysteries 【详解】句意：科学家们正在尽全力解开外太空的奥秘。mysterious“神秘的”，句中定冠词the后需要接名词作solve的宾语，mysterious对应的名词形式是mystery，意为“奥秘、神秘的事物”；外太空的未知事物不止一个，因此使用复数形式mysteries，构成固定搭配the mysteries of outer space，即“外太空的奥秘”。 18．International ________ (cooperate) plays an important role in modern space exploration. 【答案】cooperation 【详解】句意：国际合作在现代太空探索中发挥着重要作用。形容词International后面需要接名词作句子主语，动词cooperate对应的名词形式是cooperation，谓语plays为单数，主语用单数名词。 19．You’d better wear a mask in ________ (crowd) places to protect yourself. 【答案】crowded 【详解】句意：你最好在拥挤的地方佩戴口罩来保护自己。crowd“人群、拥挤”，句中“places”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰，crowd的形容词形式是crowded，意为“拥挤的”。 20．Never be ________ (crazy) about dangerous space guesses. 【答案】crazy 【详解】句意：永远不要对危险的空间猜测过于着迷。be crazy about意为“着迷于”，形容词短语；题干中没有比较级、最高级的语境要求，直接填形容词原级crazy即可。 21．Astronauts feel ________ (weight) when their spacecraft travel in space, so they must be trained well before they go to space. 【答案】weightless 【详解】句意：宇航员在宇宙飞船遨游太空时会感到失重，所以他们上太空前必须接受良好的训练。感官系动词feel后接形容词作表语；结合太空语境，此处表达“失重的”，weight的形容词形式weightless表示“失重的”，因此应填weightless。 22．The slow ________ (move) of the clouds in the sky makes us relaxed when we look up at them. 【答案】movement 【详解】句意：当我们抬头仰望时，天空中云朵的缓慢移动使我们感到放松。分析句子结构可知，空缺处位于定冠词The和形容词slow之后，介词of之前，此处需要填入名词作主语的中心词。move是动词，其名词形式为movement。 23．His ________ (imagine) helps him draw amazing pictures. 【答案】imagination 【详解】句意：他的想象力帮助他画出令人惊叹的画作。形容词性物主代词His后需要接名词作句子主语；括号内imagine是动词，意为“想象”，它对应的名词形式为imagination，表示“想象力”。 24．Your DNA has ________ (billion) of instructions that explain why you are the way you are. 【答案】billions 【详解】句意：你的DNA包含数十亿条指令，这些指令解释了为什么你是现在的样子。所给词为billion“十亿”，表示“数十亿”时，用“billions of”结构，billion需加复数形式billions。故填billions。 25．I felt so ________ yesterday evening that I fell ________ quickly. (sleep) 【答案】 sleepy asleep 【详解】句意：昨晚我感觉特别困，很快就睡着了。第一空格：felt是系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语。sleep是动词，意为“睡觉”，形容词sleepy表示“困倦的、想睡的”，符合“feel sleepy（感到困倦）”的搭配。第二空格：固定短语fall asleep，意为“入睡、睡着”，是固定搭配，此处用asleep。 三、单项选择 26．—Let’s go to the planetarium (天文馆) this weekend. I heard there’s a special exhibition about Mars. —Sounds great! But I’m afraid it might be very ________. We should book tickets online first. A．crowded B．formal C．noisy D．dark 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这周末我们去天文馆吧，我听说有一场关于火星的特别展览。——听起来很棒！但是恐怕那里可能很拥挤，我们应该先在网上订票。 crowded拥挤的；formal正式的；noisy 吵闹的，dark黑暗的。根据后文“We should book tickets online first”可知天文馆可能人多，需提前订票。应填crowded。 27．After a long day of space science classes, the little boy ________ on the sofa as soon as he got home. A．fell asleep B．fell down C．fell off D．fell over 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上了一整天太空科学课后，小男孩一回到家就在沙发上睡着了。 fell asleep睡着；fell down跌倒；fell off从……跌落；fell over摔倒。根据“上了一整天课”可知男孩十分疲惫，回到家后在沙发上睡着，fell asleep符合语境。 28．—What does “beyond Earth” mean? —It means places ________ our planet Earth. A．behind B．beside C．beyond D．between 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——“beyond Earth”是什么意思？——它意味着我们的地球之外的地方。 behind在……后面；beside在……旁边；beyond在……之外；between在……之间。根据问句“What does ‘beyond Earth’ mean?”可知，答语是在解释“beyond Earth”的含义，即“地球之外”的地方，应用介词beyond。 29．The ________ of human space travel excites all science lovers. A．expectation B．sadness C．anxiety D．balance 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对人类太空旅行的期待让所有的科学爱好者感到兴奋。 expectation期待；sadness悲伤；anxiety焦虑；balance平衡。根据“excites all science lovers”可知是令人兴奋的事情，推测出是对太空旅行的期待。应填expectation。 30．We need to ________ other countries to complete the big space project. A．mix up B．cooperate with C．divide into D．run out of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要与其他国家合作来完成这个大型太空项目。 mix up混淆；cooperate with与……合作；divide into分成；run out of用完。根据“complete the big space project”可知，完成大型太空项目通常需要各国共同努力，因此需要“合作”。 31．No one has ________ the distant planet yet. A．set foot on B．looked up to C．dropped out of D．gone through 【答案】A 【详解】句意：还没有人踏上过那颗遥远的星球。 set foot on踏上；looked up to尊敬；dropped out of 退出；gone through经历。根据“the distant planet”可知，此处表示“踏上”星球，应填set foot on。 32．Please take this medicine ________ you feel uncomfortable during the trip. A．above all B．to start with C．in case D．with ease 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请带上这个药，以防你在旅途中感到不舒服。 above all最重要的是；to start with首先；in case以防，万一；with ease轻松地。根据句意，带药是为了预防旅途中不舒服的情况，in case符合语境。 33．The trip to Mars is still ________ our present ability, but we will keep trying. A．over B．past C．beyond D．through 【答案】C 【详解】句意：火星之旅仍然超出我们目前的能力，但我们会继续努力。 over在……上方；past经过；beyond超出；through穿过。根据后半句“but we will keep trying”可知，目前尚未实现，说明火星之旅超出了现在的能力范围。beyond one’s ability意为“超出某人的能力”，故选beyond。 34．Scientists ________ many space research papers to share their new discoveries. A．launch B．publish C．tie D．cancel 【答案】B 【详解】句意：科学家们发表了许多太空研究论文来分享他们的新发现。 launch发射；publish发表；tie系；cancel取消。根据“many space research papers”和“share their new discoveries”可知，科学家是通过发表论文来分享发现，应填publish。 35．—Why is a record put on Voyager 1? —________ alien life finds it, they can know about Earth. A．In case B．In time C．At present D．As soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么旅行者一号上放置了一张唱片？——以防外星生命发现它，它们能够了解地球。 In case以防，引导目的/条件状语从句；In time及时；At present目前；As soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句。后半句是放置唱片的防备性目的，表达“以防”的含义，因此用In case。 36．The sports meeting was _______ because of bad weather. A．canceled B．finished C．operated 【答案】A 【详解】句意：运动会因为糟糕的天气被取消了。 canceled取消；finished完成；operated操作。根据“because of bad weather”可知，受糟糕天气影响，运动会应该是被取消。应填canceled。 37．My brother is ________ about playing basketball, and he plays it every day after school. A．crazy B．good C．afraid D．strict 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的哥哥痴迷于打篮球，他每天放学后都打。 crazy狂热的；good好的；afraid害怕的；strict严格的。根据“he plays it every day after school”可知，他非常喜欢打篮球，be crazy about意为“痴迷于……”，符合语境及搭配。 38．Astronauts have to tie themselves to ________ walls while sleeping to avoid floating away. A．weigh B．weightless C．weighted D．weighing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：宇航员睡觉时必须把自己绑在失重的墙壁上，以免飘走。 weigh称重（动词）；weightless失重的（形容词）；weighted加重的、有重量的（形容词）；weighing称重（现在分词）。此处需要一个形容词，修饰名词walls，根据“avoid floating away”可知，宇航员把自己绑在墙上，是为了防止飘走。太空中的物体处于失重状态，墙壁也是失重的，weightless“失重的”，符合语境。 39．Space exploration ________ international cooperation among different countries. A．requires B．creates C．increases D．reduces 【答案】A 【详解】句意：太空探索需要不同国家之间的国际合作。 requires需要；creates创造；increases增加；reduces减少。根据常识和“Space exploration...international cooperation among different countries.”，太空探索是一项庞大、复杂的工程，需要不同国家之间的合作。requires“需要”，最符合逻辑。应填requires。 40．—Look at the ________ over there. It says “No Photos!”. —Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t notice it just now. A．board B．song C．menu D．flower 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看那边的牌子。上面写着“禁止拍照！”。——哦，对不起。我刚才没注意到。 board牌子；song歌曲；menu菜单；flower花。根据“It says ‘No Photos!’.”可知，该物体上写有文字规定是牌子，应填board。 词汇语篇综合练 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know that the first human-made object to reach space 41 (send) up in 1957? It was a satellite called Sputnik 1, 42 was launched by the Soviet Union. Since then, many great things 43 (achieve) in space exploration. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person 44 (travel) into space. Eight years later, American astronauts 45 (land) on the Moon. China’s space program started much later 46 has developed quickly. In 2003, the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft 47 (launch) into space, carrying Yang Liwei. He became China’s first astronaut. Today, space exploration 48 (carry out) by many countries together. The International Space Station 49 (build) by several nations and has been home to astronauts from around the world. In the future, more space missions 50 (plan). Humans may soon return to the Moon and even travel to Mars. The final frontier is calling. 【答案】41．was sent 42．which 43．have been achieved 44．to travel 45．landed 46．but 47．was launched 48．is carried out 49．was built 50．will be planned 【导语】本文介绍了人类探索太空的历程。1957年苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星斯普特尼克1号，1961年加加林成为进入太空第一人，八年后美国宇航员登月。中国航天起步较晚但发展迅速，2003年神舟五号将杨利伟送入太空。如今多国合作开展太空探索，未来人类计划重返月球甚至前往火星。 【详解】41．句意：你知道第一个进入太空的人造物体是在1957年发射的吗？“the first human-made object”与“send up”之间为被动关系，且“in 1957”表示过去时间，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was sent”。 42．句意：它是一颗名为斯普特尼克1号的卫星，由苏联发射。此处需要关系代词引导非限制性定语从句修饰“Sputnik 1”，且在从句中作主语，需填“which”。 43．句意：从那时起，太空探索取得了许多重大成就。“since then”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时，主语“many great things”为复数，与“achieve”之间为被动关系，故填“have been achieved”。 44．句意：尤里·加加林成为第一个进入太空的人。“the first person to do sth.”为固定结构，表示“第一个做某事的人”，需用不定式“to travel”。 45．句意：八年后，美国宇航员登上了月球。“Eight years later”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时“landed”。 46．句意：中国的航天计划起步晚得多，但发展迅速。前后句为转折关系，表示“但是”，需填连词“but”。 47．句意：神舟五号载着杨利伟被发射进入太空。“the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft”与“launch”之间为被动关系，且“in 2003”表示过去时间，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was launched”。 48．句意：如今，太空探索由许多国家共同进行。“space exploration”与“carry out”之间为被动关系，且“Today”表示现在，需用一般现在时的被动语态“is carried out”。 49．句意：国际空间站由几个国家建造，一直是来自世界各地宇航员的家。“The International Space Station”与“build”之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”。 50．句意：未来，还会有更多的太空任务被计划。“in the future”表示将来，“more space missions”与“plan”之间为被动关系，需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be planned”。 五、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 What drives us to look up at the stars and dream of space travel? This question has been explored by scientists and thinkers for generations. Some argue that the cost is too 51 . Others believe that space exploration is 52 for the long-term survival of our species. One key benefit of space exploration is that it helps us 53 Earth better. By studying the atmospheres of other planets, scientists gain 54 into our own climate patterns. The study of Mars, for example, helps us 55 the geological history of our own planet. Space research also drives 56 . Many everyday technologies were first 57 for space missions. For instance, GPS navigation, weather satellites, and even scratch-resistant lenses all 58 from space technology. The 59 of these inventions has improved countless lives. International 60 is another important outcome. Nations work side by side on space stations and joint missions, 61 knowledge and resources. The International Space Station, for example, is a symbol of what humanity can 62 when we work together. Perhaps the most profound driver is human 63 . We have always gazed at the night sky and asked, “What is out there?” This desire to know 64 us to explore, discover, and innovate. As more exoplanets are found, our understanding of the universe will continue to 65 . 51．A．high B．low C．cheap D．fair 52．A．harmful B．necessary C．comfortable D．popular 53．A．forget B．understand C．guess D．avoid 54．A．obstacles B．insights C．inventions D．investments 55．A．create B．ignore C．understand D．destroy 56．A．pollution B．competition C．innovation D．tradition 57．A．developed B．discovered C．discussed D．described 58．A．resulted B．suffered C．protected D．differed 59．A．progress B．discovery C．spread D．description 60．A．conflict B．cooperation C．rejection D．competition 61．A．wasting B．sharing C．hiding D．fighting 62．A．destroy B．achieve C．prevent D．avoid 63．A．curiosity B．creativity C．activity D．ability 64．A．forces B．advises C．invites D．drives 65．A．shrink B．expand C．control D．hide 【答案】51．A 52．B 53．B 54．B 55．C 56．C 57．A 58．A 59．C 60．B 61．B 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．B 【导语】本文探讨人类开展太空探索的多重动因：先围绕太空探索成本展开不同立场的讨论，再依次介绍太空探索能帮助人类认识地球、推动技术创新、促成国际合作，最后点明人类与生俱来的求知欲是探索宇宙最根本的驱动力。 【详解】51．句意：一部分人提出太空探索的成本太高。 现实里航天项目耗资巨大，high“高的”可用来形容成本高昂。low“低的”、cheap“廉价的”、fair“合理的”都不符合大众对航天开支的普遍认知。 52．句意：另一些人认为，太空探索对于人类这一物种长期存续来说是必要的。 结合后文罗列太空探索各类益处，能看出支持者认定这项探索不可或缺，necessary“必要的”契合立场。harmful“有害的”、comfortable“舒适的”、popular“受欢迎的”无法匹配该语境。 53．句意：太空探索的一大核心益处，就是帮助我们更好地了解地球。 后文借助研究其他行星大气来反观地球气候，本质就是加深对地球的认知，understand“理解、了解”符合逻辑。forget“遗忘”、guess“猜测”、avoid“规避”均和科研目标相悖。 54．句意：通过研究其他行星的大气层，科学家得以深入洞悉地球自身的气候模式。 固定搭配gain insights into，表示“深入了解、洞悉”，insights“深刻见解、洞悉内容”适配搭配。obstacles“障碍”、inventions“发明”、investments“投资”都无法构成该短语。 55．句意：举例来说，针对火星的研究，能够帮助我们理解地球自身的地质发展史。 研究火星可以类比推演地球地质演变过程，understand“了解、理解”契合科研作用。create“创造”、ignore“忽视”、destroy“摧毁” 均不符合科学研究的用途。 56．句意：太空研究同样能够推动创新发展。 后文列举GPS、气象卫星等民用技术，都是航天领域衍生的创新成果，innovation“创新”匹配段落主旨。pollution“污染”、competition“竞争”、tradition“传统”和后文技术研发内容无关。 57．句意：很多日常使用的技术最初都是为航天任务研发出来的。 研发技术，技术与develop为被动关系，此处为一般过去时的被动语态，developed“被开发、被研发”适配。discovered“被发现（已存在事物）”、discussed“被讨论”、described“被描述”不契合技术从零打造的过程。 58．句意：GPS导航、气象卫星甚至耐刮镜片，全部源自航天技术。 固定搭配result from，表示“由……产生、源自”，resulted适配短语。suffered“遭受”、protected“保护”、differed“存在差异”不能构成该搭配。 59．句意：这些发明的普及推广改善了无数人的生活。 航天技术走向民用、广泛普及，spread“传播、普及”适配。progress“进展”、discovery“发现”、description“描述”无法对应技术落地惠及大众的过程。 60．句意：国际合作是太空探索带来的另一项重要成果。 后文多国共建空间站、联合执行航天任务，对应国际层面的协作，cooperation“合作”契合段落内容。conflict“冲突”、rejection“拒绝”、competition“竞争”和多国协作的事实相反。 61．句意：各个国家在空间站、联合项目中并肩工作，共享知识与各类资源。 合作的核心就是互通资源、知识，sharing“共享”契合协作模式。wasting“浪费”、hiding“藏匿”、fighting“争斗”都不符合合作的行为逻辑。 62．句意：例如国际空间站，就是人类携手合作所能取得成就的典范。 各国通力合作完成大型航天工程，收获成就，achieve“达成、取得（成就）”适配。destroy“摧毁”、prevent“阻止”、avoid“回避”均与“合作建设空间站”的积极语境矛盾。 63．句意：或许最本源的探索驱动力，就是人类与生俱来的好奇心。 后文人类长久仰望星空、想要探明未知事物，正是好奇心的体现，curiosity“好奇心”匹配该内核动因。creativity“创造力”、activity“活动”、ability“能力”不是驱动人类发问探索的本源因素。 64．句意：这种想要探明未知事物的渴望，驱使我们开展探索、发掘与创新。 首段首句What drives us已经铺垫drives这个核心动词，drives“驱使、驱动”前后呼应。forces“强迫”语气过重；advises“建议”、invites“邀约”无法体现内心渴望带来的强大推动力。 65．句意：随着越来越多系外行星被发现，人类对于宇宙的认知范围将会持续拓展。 新发现会拓宽认知边界，expand“扩张、拓展”契合认知不断延伸的状态。shrink“收缩”、control“管控”、hide“藏匿”均不符合认知逐步加深拓宽的趋势。 $