热点时文10 Chinamaxxing风靡全球・传播真实中国形象 （阅读专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习通用版

**基本信息** 以热点时文“Chinamaxxing”为载体，构建“词汇积累-句法解码-语篇应用”三维训练体系，融合语言能力与文化意识，实现知识逻辑与解题方法的系统整合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词库·筑基|15个课标词|课标词汇分类提取，强化基础积累|从核心词汇到拓展应用，构建词汇网络| |长句·解码|2个复合句典例|语法结构拆分（伴随状语/定语从句）+翻译技巧（拆分插入语/后置定语转译）|句法分析→翻译策略→仿写迁移，提升复杂句处理能力| |阅读理解|4题|细节定位+推理判断，聚焦跨文化现象分析|现象描述→原因探究→意义评价，培养逻辑思维| |语法填空|10空|时态/非谓语/从句等语法规则应用，结合语篇语境|语法知识→语篇语境→综合运用，强化语法实践| |应用文写作|1篇演讲稿|“含义-原因-看法”三段式结构，融合文化表达|信息整合→观点组织→规范输出，提升书面表达能力|

热点时文10 Chinamaxxing风靡全球・传播真实中国形象 Chinamaxxing: A Global Viral Lifestyle Trend Chinamaxxing：风靡全球的生活方式潮流 In recent months, the word “Chinamaxxing” has gone viral across global social media platforms, attracting billions of views from young people worldwide. Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle, the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices. Unlike previous cultural trends that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products, this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, down-to-earth daily routines, making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters. 近几个月来，“Chinamaxxing”一词在全球社交媒体上爆火，收获了全球年轻人数十亿的浏览量。该词结合了“中国（China）”和网络俚语“maxxing”（意为极致优化、完善某种生活方式），指西方Z世代主动接纳正宗的中国日常习惯与传统文化习俗的全民潮流。不同于以往聚焦异域时尚或奢侈品的文化潮流，这场草根文化运动以朴实的日常生活为核心，因此对全球年轻人有着独特的吸引力。 Originally starting as casual short videos on TikTok and Instagram, this trend has quickly grown into a remarkable cross-cultural phenomenon. Young foreign netizens share their daily attempts at Chinese-style living: drinking warm water for health preservation, practicing Baduanjin to relieve stress, wearing comfortable home slippers, cooking traditional congee with goji berries, and even learning simple Chinese daily manners. Many young enthusiasts further choose to travel to China in person, experiencing its convenient high-speed rail, extremely secure public environment and efficient cashless payment systems that have won consistent global praise. For them, these trivial daily details reflect the unique charm of Chinese civilization that is rarely reported by Western mainstream media. 这一潮流最初只是TikTok、Instagram上的趣味短视频，如今已迅速发展为极具影响力的跨文化现象。海外年轻网友纷纷分享自己的中式生活日常：喝温水养生、练习八段锦舒缓压力、穿舒适居家拖鞋、熬制枸杞养生粥，甚至学习简单的中式日常礼仪。许多热衷于此的年轻人还专程赴华旅行，亲身感受中国便捷的高铁、安全的城市环境以及广受全球好评的无现金支付系统。对他们而言，这些细碎的日常细节，展现了西方主流媒体极少报道的华夏文明独特魅力。 The sudden popularity of Chinamaxxing reflects the changing attitudes of Western youth towards different cultures. Tired of soaring living costs, intense social anxiety and fast-paced chaotic lifestyles in their own societies, modern young people are increasingly eager for peace, stability and simple happiness. The slow-paced, orderly and warm daily life of ordinary Chinese people provides them with a comforting spiritual shelter. Through real and unedited online clips, they have broken outdated one-sided stereotypes and witnessed a genuine, lively and approachable image of modern China. Chinamaxxing的突然走红，折射出西方年轻人对多元文化态度的转变。饱受高昂生活成本、剧烈社交焦虑和混乱快节奏生活的困扰，当代年轻人愈发渴望安稳平和的简单幸福。中国人平淡有序、温暖质朴的日常生活，为他们提供了治愈心灵的精神港湾。通过网络上真实无修饰的短视频，他们打破了陈旧片面的刻板印象，看到了真实、鲜活且亲切的现代中国。 Nevertheless, analysts point out that the trend contains both sincere cultural appreciation and playful internet entertainment. Some teenagers follow the trend merely for fun or online traffic, without fully understanding the profound cultural connotations behind these traditional customs. They tend to imitate superficial behaviors while ignoring the cultural spirit of moderation, perseverance and harmony embedded in Chinese daily life. 尽管如此，分析人士指出，这一潮流兼具真诚的文化欣赏与娱乐化的网络跟风。部分青少年追随潮流只是为了玩乐或博取网络热度，并未深刻理解这些传统习俗背后的文化内涵。他们往往只模仿表面行为，却忽视了中式日常生活中蕴藏的中庸、坚韧、和谐的文化内核。 Even so, Chinamaxxing carries far-reaching cultural significance. Different from rigid official cultural promotion, this grassroots cultural exchange is more vivid, authentic and persuasive. It builds a new bridge for equal and friendly cultural interaction between Chinese and foreign young generations. It also powerfully proves that excellent civilian culture and lifestyles can easily cross national borders, win wide global recognition, and help the world establish a more objective and comprehensive understanding of modern China. 即便存在这些局限，Chinamaxxing依然具备深远的文化意义。相较于刻板的官方文化宣传，这场草根文化交流更加鲜活、真实、有说服力。它为中外青年搭建了平等友好的文化互动新桥梁，也有力证明了优质的民间生活文化能够跨越国界、收获全球认可，助力世界更加客观、全面地认识现代中国。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1. go viral /ɡəʊ ˈvaɪrəl/ （网络内容）走红，爆火 2. blend /blend/ v./n.；v. 混合，融合 n. 混合物 3. maximize /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/ v.；使最大化，充分利用 4. originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ adv.；起初，最初；本来 5. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj.；显著的，引人注目的，非凡的 6. relieve /rɪˈliːv/ v.；缓解，减轻；解除 7. consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj.；一贯的，持续的；一致的 8. popularity /ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti/ n.；流行，普及，受欢迎 9. stability /stəˈbɪləti/ n.；稳定，稳固 10. appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/ n.；欣赏，赏识；理解 11. significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n.；意义，重要性 12. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v./n.；v. 交流，交换 n. 交流，互换 13. persuasive /pəˈsweɪsɪv/ adj.；有说服力的，令人信服的 14. recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n.；认可，承认；赏识 15. establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v.；建立，创立；确立 【词库·拓维】 1.exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adj. 异国风情的；外来的；奇异的 Many young people are curious about exotic cultural traditions from Asia. 许多年轻人对来自亚洲的异国文化传统充满好奇。 2.unedited /ʌnˈedɪtɪd/ adj.未经剪辑的；原始的 They share unedited short videos of their daily life on social media. 他们在社交媒体上分享自己日常生活的原始短视频。 3.profound /prəˈfaʊnd/ adj. 深刻的；深奥的；意义深远的 This trend has produced a profound influence on crosscultural communication. 这一潮流对跨文化交流产生了深刻的影响。 4.connotation /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃn/ n. 内涵；隐含意义 Few teenagers understand the cultural connotations behind these customs. 很少有青少年理解这些习俗背后的文化内涵。 5.superficial /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃl/ adj. 表面的；肤浅的 Some fans only have a superficial knowledge of Chinese traditional culture. 一些爱好者对中国传统文化只有肤浅的了解。 【长句·解码】 原句1： Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle, the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices. 1.语法解析： ①句子主句：the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices；the new word是主语，refers to是谓语，the widespread trend 是宾语，of Western GenZ actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices 是介词 of + 动名词复合结构（逻辑主语 Western GenZ + doing），作后置定语修饰 trend。 ②blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing” 是现在分词作伴随状语 ③which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 maxxing 2.翻译技巧 ①遇到插入式非限制性定语从句，不要硬塞进句子中间，断开另起小分句，中文更通顺； ②of sb. doing 英文后置定语，中文转译为 “…… 的……”，把定语放到名词前面。 标准翻译：这个新词把 “China” 和网络俚语 “maxxing” 结合在一起，maxxing 指极致优化或完善某种生活方式；该词指西方Z世代主动接纳正宗中国日常习惯与传统文化习俗的这一广泛潮流。 3.仿写练习 这项活动将传统文化与现代技术相结合，该技术在青少年中大受欢迎；它指年轻人探索本土文化遗产的这一趋势。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 原句2：Unlike previous cultural trends that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products, this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, downtoearth daily routines, making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters. 1.语法解析： ①句子主句：this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, downtoearth daily routines 主语：this grassroots movement 谓语：centers on（聚焦；以…… 为核心） 宾语：ordinary, downtoearth daily routines ②Unlike previous cultural trends 介词短语作比较状语：与…… 不同 ③that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products 限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 cultural trends，关系代词 that 在从句中作主语，不能省略 ④making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters 现在分词短语作结果状语，making 逻辑主语是前面整件主句描述的这件事 2.翻译技巧 ①Unlike 引导比较状语：英文放在句首，中文直接译为 “与…… 不同”，引出对比对象。 ②that 定语从句修饰前面名词：此处定语不长，翻译成 “…… 的” 放到被修饰名词cultural trends前面；如果从句很长，才拆分另起分句。 ③句末 doing 结果状语 making… 英文不用连词，分词直接表 “带来的结果”；中文不要生硬译作 “使得……”，可以增加指代词 “这”，转化成独立小分句，更符合中文表达习惯。 ④英文多个形容词并列修饰名词 ordinary, downtoearth daily routines，中文顺排形容词：朴实接地气的日常生活。 标准翻译：与以往那些主打异域风尚或者奢侈品的文化潮流不同，这场草根运动聚焦朴实接地气的日常生活，这使得它对全球年轻人有着独特的吸引力。 3.仿写练习 与那些注重大型表演的传统活动不同，这项社区项目侧重简单真实的生活体验，这让它在当地青少年当中格外受欢迎。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.What is special about the trend of Chinamaxxing? A. It is promoted by official cultural departments B. It focuses on ordinary daily Chinese lifestyles C. It centers on fashionable luxury cultural products D. It aims to change young people’s travel habits 2. Why do Western teenagers fall for Chinamaxxing? A. They wish to escape their stressful and chaotic life B. They want to gain more online popularity C. They are tired of their traditional living customs D. They intend to learn advanced Chinese technology 3. The underlined word “embedded” in paragraph 4 most probably means ______. A. hidden B. replaced C. observed D. improved 4. What is the author’s attitude towards Chinamaxxing? A. Doubtful B. Critical C. Positive D. Uncaring 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent months, the word “Chinamaxxing” 1.____________(go) viral across major global social media platforms, attracting billions of views from teenagers and young adults worldwide. Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, 2.____________ means maximizing and perfecting a certain lifestyle, the newly-created word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices in their daily life. Originally starting as casual short videos on TikTok and Instagram, this trendy movement has quickly grown into 3.___________ outstanding cross-cultural phenomenon. Foreign young netizens enthusiastically share their daily attempts at healthy Chinese-style living, from drinking warm water for health preservation 4.____________practicing Baduanjin to relieve physical tiredness and mental stress. Many loyal enthusiasts even choose to travel to China personally 5.____________(experience) its convenient high-speed rail, safe public environment and efficient cashless payment systems. The widespread popularity of Chinamaxxing 6.____________(full) reflects the changing cultural attitudes of contemporary Western youth. Tired of extremely stressful and chaotic fast-paced lifestyles in their own societies, modern young people long for inner peace, stability and simple happiness. The down-to-earth and warm daily life of ordinary Chinese people provides 7.___________(they) with a comforting spiritual shelter. Through real online video clips, they have broken outdated stereotypes and witnessed a real, lively and 8.____________ (approach) modern China. Analysts admit that some teenagers follow the trend merely for 9.____________(entertain) or online traffic, without understanding the deep cultural connotations behind these simple daily customs. However, this grassroots cultural exchange is more vivid and persuasive than rigid official cultural promotion. It builds a new equal bridge for cultural interaction between young generations and strengthens global cultural bonds, 10.____________(prove) that excellent civilian lifestyles can cross national borders and show a genuine image of China to the whole world. 三．应用文写作 假定你是校英文社团成员，你将在社团分享会上做主题演讲，介绍近期全球爆火的文化潮流 “Chinamaxxing”。内容包括： 1. 潮流含义与主要表现； 2. 走红的原因； 3. 你的看法。 注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一．阅读理解 A （2026·原创） SpaceX Rocket Debris Crashes into the Moon: A Wakeup Call for Space Junk A used upperstage rocket from Elon Musk’s SpaceX has accidentally crashed into the Moon, leaving a manmade crater on the lunar surface and raising worldwide concern over space debris. No human mistake directly caused this crash, yet it has drawn fresh public attention to the hidden risks of uncontrolled space waste. The 4tonne Falcon 9 rocket piece was launched back in January 2025. Its original task was to send two commercial lunar landers toward the Moon. After finishing the mission, it ran out of fuel. Without enough power to return to Earth or fly into deep space, the abandoned object drifted in an unstable orbit for more than one year. Pulled by the combined gravity of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun, its path changed gradually until it was on a direct collision course with the Moon. On August 5, 2026, it struck the western edge of the Moon near the Einstein Crater at a speed of about 8,700 kilometres per hour. The violent impact dug out a new crater roughly 30 meters wide and threw large amounts of lunar dust and rock fragments into space. The crash was not planned by SpaceX. It caused no danger to our planet. Still, it drew wide attention from scientists. Astronomers got a rare chance to study how natural craters form by observing this manmade collision. Space agencies including NASA and South Korea’s space institute later took photos of the crash site to collect research data. Groundbased telescopes in Europe also captured light signals produced by the impact, offering valuable material for lunar science research. More importantly, the incident sends a serious warning. As commercial space industry develops rapidly, private companies carry out more frequent launches. Lots of abandoned rocket parts and useless satellites are left floating in cislunar space. Though the area between Earth and Moon is huge, key orbits will become increasingly crowded in the coming years. These pieces of space waste may threaten future lunar exploration, including planned lunar bases and human landing programmes. Experts point out that current international rules are far from perfect for dealing with lunar space rubbish. Though the Outer Space Treaty requires nations to take responsibility for their space objects, practical measures for waste disposal are badly needed. Many scientists are calling for better global rules to manage space debris before more accidents happen, as the Moon is becoming a new frontier for human exploration. Without joint efforts, human activities may leave lasting pollution on the lunar surface. 1.The underlined word “debris” in Paragraph 1 most probably means ______. A. space equipment of good quality B. waste pieces from manmade space objects C. newlylaunched satellites D. natural rocks on the lunar surface 2.What led to the Falcon 9 rocket piece crashing into the Moon? A.Deliberate operation by SpaceX engineers B.Fuel shortage and gravitational pull from space bodies C.The failure of commercial lunar landers D. Powerful explosion in deep space 3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. The crash brought certain scientific research value. B. The accident caused severe damage to our planet. C. European telescopes destroyed the crash site. D. Scientists have found solutions to space waste. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. To introduce the history of SpaceX rocket launches B. To show the bright future of lunar base construction C. To warn people of risks of lunar space waste via a rocketmoon crash incident D. To argue against private companies’ space exploration B （2026·原创） A Chinese research team has completed an updated global geologic map of the Moon at a scale of 1:5 million, bringing major breakthroughs in lunar scientific research and deep-space exploration. The new map is a significant upgrade on the 2024 version, greatly refining and systematizing the Moon’s geologic history with the latest global research findings. The core achievement of the update is the recalibration of the Moon’s ancient geologic eras. Based on advanced international chronological research, scientists have updated the age boundaries of the Moon’s three key ancient periods, optimizing the traditional lunar geologic time system. Most importantly, samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 mission confirmed lunar volcanic activity existed as recently as 2 billion years ago. This finding extends the Moon’s geologic lifespan by 1 billion years, compared with the previous conclusion of 3 billion years, and has become a key foundation for global lunar geological research. Notably, this new global map is the first to include exclusive scientific discoveries from the Chang’e-6 mission. It clearly records the age of young mare basalts on the lunar far side and presents the region’s complete volcanic evolution history. In addition, by removing spectral noise from observational data, researchers have newly confirmed that KREEP rocks rich in rare earth and strategic resources in the Oceanus Procellarum are far more continuous and abundant than previously thought. The discovery forces scientists to re-examine the Moon’s early magma ocean crystallization and internal thermal evolution process. Measuring 2.8 by 1.2 meters, the new map adopts original and proprietary cartographic standards independently developed by China. It identifies more than 13,500 impact craters and 81 basins, and applies a unique color design combining geological logic and traditional Chinese aesthetics, following the rule of “lighter for younger, darker for older” geological structures. Experts stressed that the self-developed standard will be applied to the future geological mapping of Mars and asteroids. It successfully ends China’s long-term reliance on foreign mapping systems, builds an independent intellectual property system for domestic deep-space exploration, and marks a major leap forward in China’s aerospace technological soft power. 5. What is the major breakthrough of the updated lunar map? A. It totally rewrites the formation of the moon B. It recalibrates (重新刻度，再校准) the moon’s ancient geologic eras C. It finishes the first lunar exploration worldwide D. It removes all volcanic activities on record 6. What can we learn from the Chang’e-5 samples? A. Lunar volcanic activity lasted longer than formerly believed B. The moon’s geologic lifespan is shortened by 1 billion years C. The lunar far side has no volcanic basalts D. Global geologic research needs to abandon old data 7. The underlined word “proprietary” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ______. A. publicly-shared B. independently-owned C. out-of-date D. internationally-accepted 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The introduction of China’s advanced space exploration history B. The application of Chinese aesthetics in aerospace research C. Detailed comparison between new and old lunar maps D. New lunar map’s scientific achievements and far-reaching significance C （2026·原创） The first print edition of Chinese-led international academic journal Vita has been officially released, with the core goal of building it into a world-class top publication in China's life sciences sector. Jointly launched by institutions of the Alliance of Open Life Science, the Vita series adopts a “main journal plus sub-journals” operating model. It follows an open-access policy, allowing global readers free access to all published content and charging authors no publication fees. To encourage domestic innovation, all alliance members promise to treat Vita and its sub-journals as equal to authoritative international journals in academic evaluation, motivating Chinese researchers to publish their original and groundbreaking findings on the platform. Jin Li, chairman of the alliance, stressed that academic journals should never prioritize commercial benefits over scientific value. Instead, they must focus on high-quality research and strictly stick to academic integrity. He added that a world-class journal pursues constant excellence, sets unified academic benchmarks for the research community, guides researchers to pursue innovation and rigorous exploration, and finally builds a thriving ecosystem for scientific and technological innovation. High-level academic journals are vital symbols of a country’s scientific competitiveness and cultural influence. In recent years, China has witnessed rapid growth in scientific output, with rising citation volumes and impact factors. However, most of China’s top original research results are still published in foreign journals. Up to now, China has lacked globally recognized top-tier journals, which fails to match its outstanding contributions to global life science research. According to academician Shi Yigong, it is extremely urgent for China to develop self-led, internationally acknowledged world-class journals to change the current awkward situation. Li Dangsheng, co-editor-in-chief of Vita, also pointed out that the journal will adhere to the principle of serving science and researchers, and win global recognition through rigorous, fair and impartial academic services. Founded in Hong Kong in August 2025, the Alliance of Open Life Science currently has 39 member institutions from the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. It devotes itself to developing high-quality scientific journals and building open and shared international research data platforms, supporting the long-term development of China’s life science industry. 9. What special policy does the journal Vita carry out? A. It charges low fees for published papers B. It offers free access to global readers C. It only accepts domestic research papers D. It evaluates papers based on commercial value 10. Why is it urgent to build world-class Chinese journals? A. China’s scientific contributions don’t match its lack of top journals B. Foreign journals refuse to publish Chinese research findings C. China’s scientific output is decreasing year by year D. Domestic journals have no academic evaluation standards 11. The underlined word “rigorous” in Paragraph 5 most probably means ______. A. casual B.creative C. strict D. complex 12. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The rapid development of China’s life science industry B. The functions of the Alliance of Open Life Science C. Differences between Chinese and foreign academic journals D. The establishment and development goals of the journal Vita 二．七选五 （2026·原创） 阅读短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wang Xiji, one of the pioneers of China's space industry and chief designer of the nation's first recoverable reconnaissance satellite, died in Beijing on Wednesday at the age of 105. Born in Kunming in 1921, Wang was raised in a business family. 1. ________ Driven by a strong desire to help rejuvenate the nation, he was admitted to National Southwestern Associated University in 1938 and graduated in mechanical engineering in 1942. After working in local factories for years, he went to the United States for further study in 1948 and earned his master’s degree one year later. 2. ________ Instead, he made up his mind to devote his professional knowledge to the construction of New China. In 1950, he returned to China with a group of patriotic scholars and worked as a university teacher for years. Wang started his lifelong space career in 1958. At that time, China’s space industry almost had no technical foundation. 3. ________ Without modern equipment or professional launch sites, they even turned a rice field into a simple launch base and calculated flight trajectories with hand-operated devices. After months of hard work, China's first liquid-fuel sounding rocket successfully lifted off in 1960. Wang made continuous breakthroughs in the following decades. He oversaw most early sounding rocket models and designed China’s first carrier rocket Long March 1, which sent the first Chinese satellite Dongfanghong 1 into orbit in 1970. 4. ________ This achievement placed China among the world’s advanced countries in satellite technology. Though gaining great fame and achievements, Wang stuck to pragmatic scientific principles. He believed technical research should respect objective laws and seek truth from facts. 5. ________ Even in his 80s and 90s, he still kept exploring new space technologies and passing down experience to young researchers. A. He chose to give up his doctoral study abroad B. He received a solid engineering education in his early years C. He also successfully developed China’s first recoverable satellite D. He devoted himself to teaching reform and talent training E. Wang and his team overcame countless tough conditions F. He remained active and rigorous in scientific research all his life G. He was eager to cooperate with Western space experts 三．完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As new semester begins, primary and middle school students in China will devote more time to hands-on scientific projects. A newly issued national guideline 1.______ fourth to ninth graders to finish at least one scientific inquiry project every semester. Taking effect in the fall semester, the “learning by doing” initiative aims to 2.______ a long-standing weakness in science education: schools overemphasize knowledge transmission while 3.______ the cultivation of students’ practical abilities. The guideline promotes a major 4.______ in teaching modes. Traditional lecture-based classes will give way to project-based learning, which centers on 5.______ real-world problems and adopts interdisciplinary thinking. To suit students’ cognitive levels, the guideline sets 6.______ requirements for different grades. Primary education focuses on stimulating children’s curiosity through simple observation and experiments, while middle school education 7.______ the cultivation of independent scientific thinking. Six major inquiry themes are 8.______, covering aerospace, ecological environment, artificial intelligence and more. Students can conduct vivid projects, such as making water rockets and learning to use AI tools in a safe and 9.______ way. Each project is required to 10.______ no less than four class periods to ensure learning quality. Moreover, the guideline also11.______ the evaluation system. Instead of judging students merely by exam scores, schools will assess their comprehensive performance throughout the inquiry process, 12.______ hands-on skills, teamwork and reflective thinking. Experts believe the reform effectively bridges the gap between theory and practice. It 13.______ traditional rote learning and injects new vitality into basic science education. By cultivating students’ innovative spirit from an early age, the policy will 14.__fuel____ China’s technological self-reliance and lay a solid talent 15.___foundation___ for the country’s innovation-driven development. 1.A. forces B. requires C. allows D. reminds 2.A. address B. witness C. avoid D. ignore 3.A. promoting B. abandoning C. neglecting D. delaying 4.A. trend B. mistake C. barrier D. shift 5.A. solving B. recognizing C. avoiding D. analyzing 6. A. strict B. flexible C. differentiated D. identical 7. A.takes over B. focuses on C. turns out D. brings up 8. A. displayed B.approved C. selected D. covered 9. A. casual B.complex C. ethical D. ordinary 10. A. last B. cost C. spare D. occupy 11. A. simplifies B. reforms C. replaces D. stabilizes 12. A. excluding B.limiting C. doubting D. involving 13. A. challenges B. supports C. defends D. confirms 14. A. weaken B.restrict C. fuel D. supervise 15. A. resource B. target C. advantage D. foundation 四．语法填空 （2026·原创） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a landmark moment for China's space sector, a huge rocket booster gently touched down on China's northwestern desert terrain on Wednesday morning, 1.________(mark) the country's firstever successful land recovery of a rocket. Footage from surveillance drones flying near the landing trajectory shows that during the final phase of its return to Earth, 2.____________ an altitude of roughly three kilometers above the ground, the booster fired an engine at the center of its base for propulsive deceleration. 3.______________(short) before touchdown, its four landing legs deployed（展开）. At the instant of touchdown, the engine shut down, and the legs held the over 40metertall first stage firmly upright on the concrete landing pad in Minqin county, Gansu province. The recovery has made LandSpace the second in China 4._______________(bring) a booster back to Earth intact and the first to successfully land a rocket on Chinese soil, which shows its rapid progress in reusablerocket technology. Last month, the Stateowned space conglomerate China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp recorded the nation's first 5._______________(success) rocket recovery, flying the firststage booster of a Long March 10B back to a recovery ship in the South China Sea. Wednesday's success also made China the second country in the world 6.____________ can conduct both land-and-seabased recovery of rockets. The 66.1meter ZQ 3 Y2, a gigantic craft 7.________________(make) primarily of stainless steel, blasted off at 7:35 am from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, about 390 kilometers from the landing site. The rocket's secondstage booster separated from the first stage just over two minutes after liftoff and continued flying upward to transport 8.____________ satellite called Honghu 03 into its preset orbit. Technical specs from LandSpace show the ZQ 3 Y2 weighed about 570 metric tons when fully fueled, with powerful methane engines giving it strong propulsion to send heavy 9.______________ (satellite) into target orbits. Its predecessor ZQ 3 Y1 10.________(suffer) a recovery failure in December 2025 though it had reached orbit successfully. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点时文10 Chinamaxxing风靡全球・传播真实中国形象 Chinamaxxing: A Global Viral Lifestyle Trend Chinamaxxing：风靡全球的生活方式潮流 In recent months, the word “Chinamaxxing” has gone viral across global social media platforms, attracting billions of views from young people worldwide. Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle, the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices. Unlike previous cultural trends that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products, this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, down-to-earth daily routines, making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters. 近几个月来，“Chinamaxxing”一词在全球社交媒体上爆火，收获了全球年轻人数十亿的浏览量。该词结合了“中国（China）”和网络俚语“maxxing”（意为极致优化、完善某种生活方式），指西方Z世代主动接纳正宗的中国日常习惯与传统文化习俗的全民潮流。不同于以往聚焦异域时尚或奢侈品的文化潮流，这场草根文化运动以朴实的日常生活为核心，因此对全球年轻人有着独特的吸引力。 Originally starting as casual short videos on TikTok and Instagram, this trend has quickly grown into a remarkable cross-cultural phenomenon. Young foreign netizens share their daily attempts at Chinese-style living: drinking warm water for health preservation, practicing Baduanjin to relieve stress, wearing comfortable home slippers, cooking traditional congee with goji berries, and even learning simple Chinese daily manners. Many young enthusiasts further choose to travel to China in person, experiencing its convenient high-speed rail, extremely secure public environment and efficient cashless payment systems that have won consistent global praise. For them, these trivial daily details reflect the unique charm of Chinese civilization that is rarely reported by Western mainstream media. 这一潮流最初只是TikTok、Instagram上的趣味短视频，如今已迅速发展为极具影响力的跨文化现象。海外年轻网友纷纷分享自己的中式生活日常：喝温水养生、练习八段锦舒缓压力、穿舒适居家拖鞋、熬制枸杞养生粥，甚至学习简单的中式日常礼仪。许多热衷于此的年轻人还专程赴华旅行，亲身感受中国便捷的高铁、安全的城市环境以及广受全球好评的无现金支付系统。对他们而言，这些细碎的日常细节，展现了西方主流媒体极少报道的华夏文明独特魅力。 The sudden popularity of Chinamaxxing reflects the changing attitudes of Western youth towards different cultures. Tired of soaring living costs, intense social anxiety and fast-paced chaotic lifestyles in their own societies, modern young people are increasingly eager for peace, stability and simple happiness. The slow-paced, orderly and warm daily life of ordinary Chinese people provides them with a comforting spiritual shelter. Through real and unedited online clips, they have broken outdated one-sided stereotypes and witnessed a genuine, lively and approachable image of modern China. Chinamaxxing的突然走红，折射出西方年轻人对多元文化态度的转变。饱受高昂生活成本、剧烈社交焦虑和混乱快节奏生活的困扰，当代年轻人愈发渴望安稳平和的简单幸福。中国人平淡有序、温暖质朴的日常生活，为他们提供了治愈心灵的精神港湾。通过网络上真实无修饰的短视频，他们打破了陈旧片面的刻板印象，看到了真实、鲜活且亲切的现代中国。 Nevertheless, analysts point out that the trend contains both sincere cultural appreciation and playful internet entertainment. Some teenagers follow the trend merely for fun or online traffic, without fully understanding the profound cultural connotations behind these traditional customs. They tend to imitate superficial behaviors while ignoring the cultural spirit of moderation, perseverance and harmony embedded in Chinese daily life. 尽管如此，分析人士指出，这一潮流兼具真诚的文化欣赏与娱乐化的网络跟风。部分青少年追随潮流只是为了玩乐或博取网络热度，并未深刻理解这些传统习俗背后的文化内涵。他们往往只模仿表面行为，却忽视了中式日常生活中蕴藏的中庸、坚韧、和谐的文化内核。 Even so, Chinamaxxing carries far-reaching cultural significance. Different from rigid official cultural promotion, this grassroots cultural exchange is more vivid, authentic and persuasive. It builds a new bridge for equal and friendly cultural interaction between Chinese and foreign young generations. It also powerfully proves that excellent civilian culture and lifestyles can easily cross national borders, win wide global recognition, and help the world establish a more objective and comprehensive understanding of modern China. 即便存在这些局限，Chinamaxxing依然具备深远的文化意义。相较于刻板的官方文化宣传，这场草根文化交流更加鲜活、真实、有说服力。它为中外青年搭建了平等友好的文化互动新桥梁，也有力证明了优质的民间生活文化能够跨越国界、收获全球认可，助力世界更加客观、全面地认识现代中国。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1. go viral /ɡəʊ ˈvaɪrəl/ （网络内容）走红，爆火 2. blend /blend/ v./n.；v. 混合，融合 n. 混合物 3. maximize /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/ v.；使最大化，充分利用 4. originally /əˈrɪdʒənəli/ adv.；起初，最初；本来 5. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj.；显著的，引人注目的，非凡的 6. relieve /rɪˈliːv/ v.；缓解，减轻；解除 7. consistent /kənˈsɪstənt/ adj.；一贯的，持续的；一致的 8. popularity /ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti/ n.；流行，普及，受欢迎 9. stability /stəˈbɪləti/ n.；稳定，稳固 10. appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/ n.；欣赏，赏识；理解 11. significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n.；意义，重要性 12. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v./n.；v. 交流，交换 n. 交流，互换 13. persuasive /pəˈsweɪsɪv/ adj.；有说服力的，令人信服的 14. recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n.；认可，承认；赏识 15. establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v.；建立，创立；确立 【词库·拓维】 1. exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ adj. 异国风情的；外来的；奇异的 Many young people are curious about exotic cultural traditions from Asia. 许多年轻人对来自亚洲的异国文化传统充满好奇。 2. unedited /ʌnˈedɪtɪd/ adj.未经剪辑的；原始的 They share unedited short videos of their daily life on social media. 他们在社交媒体上分享自己日常生活的原始短视频。 3. profound /prəˈfaʊnd/ adj. 深刻的；深奥的；意义深远的 This trend has produced a profound influence on crosscultural communication. 这一潮流对跨文化交流产生了深刻的影响。 4. connotation /ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃn/ n. 内涵；隐含意义 Few teenagers understand the cultural connotations behind these customs. 很少有青少年理解这些习俗背后的文化内涵。 5. superficial /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃl/ adj. 表面的；肤浅的 Some fans only have a superficial knowledge of Chinese traditional culture. 一些爱好者对中国传统文化只有肤浅的了解。 【长句·解码】 原句1： Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle, the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices. 1.语法解析： ①句子主句：the new word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices；the new word是主语，refers to是谓语，the widespread trend 是宾语，of Western GenZ actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices 是介词 of + 动名词复合结构（逻辑主语 Western GenZ + doing），作后置定语修饰 trend。 ②blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing” 是现在分词作伴随状语 ③which means maximizing or perfecting a certain lifestyle 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 maxxing 2.翻译技巧 ①遇到插入式非限制性定语从句，不要硬塞进句子中间，断开另起小分句，中文更通顺； ②of sb. doing 英文后置定语，中文转译为 “…… 的……”，把定语放到名词前面。 标准翻译：这个新词把 “China” 和网络俚语 “maxxing” 结合在一起，maxxing 指极致优化或完善某种生活方式；该词指西方Z世代主动接纳正宗中国日常习惯与传统文化习俗的这一广泛潮流。 3.仿写练习 这项活动将传统文化与现代技术相结合，该技术在青少年中大受欢迎；它指年轻人探索本土文化遗产的这一趋势。 Combining traditional culture with modern technology, which has gained huge popularity among teenagers, the activity refers to the tendency of young people exploring local cultural heritage. 原句2：Unlike previous cultural trends that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products, this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, downtoearth daily routines, making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters. 1.语法解析： ①句子主句：this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, downtoearth daily routines 主语：this grassroots movement 谓语：centers on（聚焦；以…… 为核心） 宾语：ordinary, downtoearth daily routines ②Unlike previous cultural trends 介词短语作比较状语：与…… 不同 ③that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products 限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 cultural trends，关系代词 that 在从句中作主语，不能省略 ④making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters 现在分词短语作结果状语，making 逻辑主语是前面整件主句描述的这件事 2.翻译技巧 ①Unlike 引导比较状语：英文放在句首，中文直接译为 “与…… 不同”，引出对比对象。 ②that 定语从句修饰前面名词：此处定语不长，翻译成 “…… 的” 放到被修饰名词cultural trends前面；如果从句很长，才拆分另起分句。 ③句末 doing 结果状语 making… 英文不用连词，分词直接表 “带来的结果”；中文不要生硬译作 “使得……”，可以增加指代词 “这”，转化成独立小分句，更符合中文表达习惯。 ④英文多个形容词并列修饰名词 ordinary, downtoearth daily routines，中文顺排形容词：朴实接地气的日常生活。 标准翻译：与以往那些主打异域风尚或者奢侈品的文化潮流不同，这场草根运动聚焦朴实接地气的日常生活，这使得它对全球年轻人有着独特的吸引力。 3.仿写练习 与那些注重大型表演的传统活动不同，这项社区项目侧重简单真实的生活体验，这让它在当地青少年当中格外受欢迎。 Unlike traditional activities that stress grand performances, this community project focuses on simple reallife experiences, making it especially popular among local teenagers. 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.What is special about the trend of Chinamaxxing? A. It is promoted by official cultural departments B. It focuses on ordinary daily Chinese lifestyles C. It centers on fashionable luxury cultural products D. It aims to change young people’s travel habits 2. Why do Western teenagers fall for Chinamaxxing? A. They wish to escape their stressful and chaotic life B. They want to gain more online popularity C. They are tired of their traditional living customs D. They intend to learn advanced Chinese technology 3. The underlined word “embedded” in paragraph 4 most probably means ______. A. hidden B. replaced C. observed D. improved 4. What is the author’s attitude towards Chinamaxxing? A. Doubtful B. Critical C. Positive D. Uncaring 【答案】 1.B 2. A 3. A 4. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了爆火全球的 “Chinamaxxing” 中式生活潮流，源于西方年轻人厌倦高压混乱的生活、向往中式安稳质朴的日常，虽存在部分网友跟风盲从的现象，但作为民间跨文化交流形式，有效打破刻板印象、助力中外青年友好互动与真实中国形象的海外传播。 【解析】 1. B 细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句 “Unlike previous cultural trends that focus on exotic fashion or luxury products, this grassroots movement centers on ordinary, down-to-earth daily routines, making it uniquely appealing to global youngsters.（与以往聚焦于异域时尚或奢侈品的文化潮流不同，这一草根运动以平凡、务实的日常生活为核心，因而对全球年轻群体具有独特的吸引力。）”可知，原文明确指出这一潮流不同于时尚、奢侈品类文化潮流，核心是ordinary, down-to-earth daily routines（朴实的中国日常生活），故B项“It focuses on ordinary daily Chinese lifestyles（聚焦于中国普通人的日常生活方式）” 是正确选项。 A. It is promoted by official cultural departments（由官方文化部门推动），错（是草根潮流，非官方推广） C. It centers on fashionable luxury cultural products（其核心聚焦于时尚奢侈品文化产品），错（与原文否定奢侈品潮流的表述相反） D. It aims to change young people’s travel habits（其目标是改变年轻人的旅行习惯），错（未提及改变旅行习惯）。 2. A 细节推理题 根据第三段第二句 “Tired of soaring living costs, intense social anxiety and fast-paced chaotic lifestyles in their own societies, modern young people are increasingly eager for peace, stability and simple happiness. （现代年轻人厌倦了各自社会中飞涨的生活成本、强烈的社交焦虑以及快节奏的混乱生活方式，因而愈发渴望和平、稳定与简单的幸福。）”可知，西方年轻人厌倦了高昂生活成本、社交焦虑和混乱的快节奏生活，渴望安稳幸福，这是追捧中式生活的核心原因，对应A项“They wish to escape their stressful and chaotic life（他们希望逃离高压混乱的生活）”，故A正确。 B.They want to gain more online popularity（他们希望提升自身的网络人气），是部分人的跟风目的，并非主流原因； C. They are tired of their traditional living customs（他们已厌倦了传统的生活方式。） D. They intend to learn advanced Chinese technology（他们打算学习先进的中国技术。）C、D原文无依据。 3. A 词义猜测题 根据第四段最后一句“They tend to imitate superficial behaviors while ignoring the cultural spirit of moderation, perseverance and harmony embedded in Chinese daily life.（他们往往倾向于模仿肤浅的行为，却忽视了深植于中国日常生活的‘适度、坚韧与和谐’的文化精神。）”可知, embedded 在此处意为“隐藏的、内嵌的”，与hidden同义。B替换、C观察、D提升，均不符合语境。 4. C 态度判断题 根据最后一段“Even so, Chinamaxxing carries far-reaching cultural significance. Different from rigid official cultural promotion, this grassroots cultural exchange is more vivid, authentic and persuasive. It builds a new bridge for equal and friendly cultural interaction between Chinese and foreign young generations. It also powerfully proves that excellent civilian culture and lifestyles can easily cross national borders, win wide global recognition, and help the world establish a more objective and comprehensive understanding of modern China.（即便存在这些局限，Chinamaxxing依然具备深远的文化意义。相较于刻板的官方文化宣传，这场草根文化交流更加鲜活、真实、有说服力。它为中外青年搭建了平等友好的文化互动新桥梁，也有力证明了优质的民间生活文化能够跨越国界、收获全球认可，助力世界更加客观、全面地认识现代中国。）”可知，作者明确表示该潮流carries far-reaching cultural significance（具备深远的文化意义），能够促进中外文化交流、展现真实中国，态度是积极肯定的。A怀疑的、B批判的、D漠视的，均不符。 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In recent months, the word “Chinamaxxing” 1.____________(go) viral across major global social media platforms, attracting billions of views from teenagers and young adults worldwide. Blending “China” with the internet slang term “maxxing”, 2.____________ means maximizing and perfecting a certain lifestyle, the newly-created word refers to the widespread trend of Western Gen-Z actively adopting authentic Chinese daily habits and traditional cultural practices in their daily life. Originally starting as casual short videos on TikTok and Instagram, this trendy movement has quickly grown into 3.___________ outstanding cross-cultural phenomenon. Foreign young netizens enthusiastically share their daily attempts at healthy Chinese-style living, from drinking warm water for health preservation 4.____________practicing Baduanjin to relieve physical tiredness and mental stress. Many loyal enthusiasts even choose to travel to China personally 5.____________(experience) its convenient high-speed rail, safe public environment and efficient cashless payment systems. The widespread popularity of Chinamaxxing 6.____________(full) reflects the changing cultural attitudes of contemporary Western youth. Tired of extremely stressful and chaotic fast-paced lifestyles in their own societies, modern young people long for inner peace, stability and simple happiness. The down-to-earth and warm daily life of ordinary Chinese people provides 7.___________(they) with a comforting spiritual shelter. Through real online video clips, they have broken outdated stereotypes and witnessed a real, lively and 8.____________ (approach) modern China. Analysts admit that some teenagers follow the trend merely for 9.____________(entertain) or online traffic, without understanding the deep cultural connotations behind these simple daily customs. However, this grassroots cultural exchange is more vivid and persuasive than rigid official cultural promotion. It builds a new equal bridge for cultural interaction between young generations and strengthens global cultural bonds, 10.____________(prove) that excellent civilian lifestyles can cross national borders and show a genuine image of China to the whole world. 【答案】 1.has gone 2.which 3.an 4.to 5.to experience 6.fully 7.them 8.approachable 9.entertainment 10.proving 【解析】 1.has gone 考查动词时态。 解析：In recent months（近几个月）是现在完成时典型时间标志；主语 the word 为单数，助动词用 has。go viral 固定短语：走红、疯传。 2.which 考查非限制性定语从句。 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the internet slang term “maxxing”（指物），逗号隔开，不能用 that，用which引导从句。 3.an 考查冠词。解析：phenomenon 可数名词单数；outstanding 元音音素 /aʊ/ 开头，填不定冠词 an。 句意：迅速发展成为一种突出的跨文化现象。 4.to 考查介词。解析：固定搭配 from…to… “从…… 到……”，用于列举两类中式生活实践。 5.to experience 考查不定式。解析：不定式作目的状语。很多爱好者专程来中国，目的是体验高铁、安全的公共环境和高效无现金支付。 6.fully 考查副词。 解析：括号给出形容词full；修饰动词reflects要用副词，fully意为 “充分地”。fully reflects 充分反映。 7.them 考查代词。解析：动词provides后面作宾语，要用宾格。主格they的宾格是them。 固定结构：provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物。 8.approachable 考查形容词。 解析：括号是动词approach；与real, lively并列修饰名词modern China，需要形容词。approachable 亲切的、易于接触的。 9.entertainment 考查名词。 解析：介词for后面接名词。动词entertain变为名词entertainment，意为 “娱乐”。for entertainment 为了娱乐。 10. proving 考查现在分词作状语。 解析：现在分词作结果状语。前面整件事带来自然而然的结果；逻辑主语 It 和 prove 是主动关系，用现在分词proving。 三．应用文写作 假定你是校英文社团成员，你将在社团分享会上做主题演讲，介绍近期全球爆火的文化潮流 “Chinamaxxing”。内容包括： 1. 潮流含义与主要表现； 2. 走红的原因； 3. 你的看法。 注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 【答案】 Good morning, everyone! Today I’d like to share with you a global viral lifestyle trend called “Chinamaxxing”. Combining “China” with “maxxing”, it refers to the phenomenon that Western young people actively adopt authentic Chinese daily lifestyles and traditional customs. Recently, many foreign teenagers have tried Chinese healthy habits, such as drinking warm water and practicing Baduanjin. Some even travel to China to experience its convenient transportation and safe living environment. This trend rises mainly because Western youth are tired of stressful and chaotic life. The simple and peaceful Chinese lifestyle brings them spiritual comfort. In my view, this grassroots cultural exchange helps break stereotypes and show a real, warm modern China to the world. Thank you for listening! Li Hua 一．阅读理解 A （2026·原创） SpaceX Rocket Debris Crashes into the Moon: A Wakeup Call for Space Junk A used upperstage rocket from Elon Musk’s SpaceX has accidentally crashed into the Moon, leaving a manmade crater on the lunar surface and raising worldwide concern over space debris. No human mistake directly caused this crash, yet it has drawn fresh public attention to the hidden risks of uncontrolled space waste. The 4tonne Falcon 9 rocket piece was launched back in January 2025. Its original task was to send two commercial lunar landers toward the Moon. After finishing the mission, it ran out of fuel. Without enough power to return to Earth or fly into deep space, the abandoned object drifted in an unstable orbit for more than one year. Pulled by the combined gravity of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun, its path changed gradually until it was on a direct collision course with the Moon. On August 5, 2026, it struck the western edge of the Moon near the Einstein Crater at a speed of about 8,700 kilometres per hour. The violent impact dug out a new crater roughly 30 meters wide and threw large amounts of lunar dust and rock fragments into space. The crash was not planned by SpaceX. It caused no danger to our planet. Still, it drew wide attention from scientists. Astronomers got a rare chance to study how natural craters form by observing this manmade collision. Space agencies including NASA and South Korea’s space institute later took photos of the crash site to collect research data. Groundbased telescopes in Europe also captured light signals produced by the impact, offering valuable material for lunar science research. More importantly, the incident sends a serious warning. As commercial space industry develops rapidly, private companies carry out more frequent launches. Lots of abandoned rocket parts and useless satellites are left floating in cislunar space. Though the area between Earth and Moon is huge, key orbits will become increasingly crowded in the coming years. These pieces of space waste may threaten future lunar exploration, including planned lunar bases and human landing programmes. Experts point out that current international rules are far from perfect for dealing with lunar space rubbish. Though the Outer Space Treaty requires nations to take responsibility for their space objects, practical measures for waste disposal are badly needed. Many scientists are calling for better global rules to manage space debris before more accidents happen, as the Moon is becoming a new frontier for human exploration. Without joint efforts, human activities may leave lasting pollution on the lunar surface. 1.The underlined word “debris” in Paragraph 1 most probably means ______. A. space equipment of good quality B. waste pieces from manmade space objects C. newlylaunched satellites D. natural rocks on the lunar surface 2.What led to the Falcon 9 rocket piece crashing into the Moon? A.Deliberate operation by SpaceX engineers B.Fuel shortage and gravitational pull from space bodies C.The failure of commercial lunar landers D. Powerful explosion in deep space 3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. The crash brought certain scientific research value. B. The accident caused severe damage to our planet. C. European telescopes destroyed the crash site. D. Scientists have found solutions to space waste. 4.What is the main idea of the text? A. To introduce the history of SpaceX rocket launches B. To show the bright future of lunar base construction C. To warn people of risks of lunar space waste via a rocketmoon crash incident D. To argue against private companies’ space exploration 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，本文介绍 SpaceX 火箭残骸撞击月球这一事件，警示人们关注地月太空垃圾带来的潜在风险，呼吁完善国际规则来应对太空废弃物问题。 【详解】 1.B 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“A used upperstage rocket from Elon Musk’s SpaceX has accidentally crashed into the Moon, leaving a manmade crater on the lunar surface and raising worldwide concern over space debris. No human mistake directly caused this crash, yet it has drawn fresh public attention to the hidden risks of uncontrolled space waste.（埃隆·马斯克领导的SpaceX公司的一枚使用过的上面级火箭意外坠入月球，导致月球表面出现一个人工形成的陨石坑，并引发了全球对太空_________的关注。此次坠落并非由人为失误直接导致，但它再次引起公众对不受控制的太空废弃物所蕴含的潜在风险的关注。）”可知，本文围绕火箭残骸撞击月球展开，space debris 指人造航天器产生的太空碎片、废弃物。 A 高质量太空设备；C 新发射卫星；D 月球天然岩石，均不符合语境。 2.B 细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “After finishing the mission, it ran out of fuel. Without enough power to return to Earth or fly into deep space, the abandoned object drifted in an unstable orbit for more than one year. Pulled by the combined gravity of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun, its path changed gradually until it was on a direct collision course with the Moon.(任务完成后，该火箭残骸燃油耗尽。由于缺乏足够的动力返回地球或飞向深空，这枚被遗弃的航天器在不稳定的轨道上漂移了超过一年。在地球、月球和太阳三者引力共同作用下，其运行轨迹逐渐发生变化，最终与月球进入直接碰撞轨道。)”可知，火箭残骸任务结束后燃料耗尽（ran out of fuel），受地球、月球、太阳共同引力作用轨道偏移，最终撞击月球。 A 错误：文中明确撞击不是 SpaceX 人为计划； C 错误：月球着陆器只是该火箭的运载任务，不是撞击原因； D 错误：文中没有提到深空爆炸。 3.A 推理判断题。根据文章第三段 “The crash was not planned by SpaceX. It caused no danger to our planet. Still, it drew wide attention from scientists. Astronomers got a rare chance to study how natural craters form by observing this manmade collision. Space agencies including NASA and South Korea’s space institute later took photos of the crash site to collect research data. Groundbased telescopes in Europe also captured light signals produced by the impact, offering valuable material for lunar science research.(此次坠毁事件并非由SpaceX策划，它并未对地球构成任何威胁；尽管如此，该事件仍引起了全球科学家的广泛关注。天文学家借此难得的机会，通过观测这起人为碰撞事件来研究天然陨石坑的形成机制。包括美国国家航空航天局（NASA）和韩国宇宙航空研究院在内的多个航天机构随后对坠毁现场拍摄了照片，以收集科研数据；欧洲的地面望远镜也捕捉到了此次撞击产生的光信号，为月球科学研究提供了宝贵资料。)”可知，天文学家借这次人造撞击研究陨石坑形成，多国机构拍摄现场、欧洲望远镜捕获信号，为月球科学提供宝贵资料，说明此次撞击具备科研价值。 B 错误：原文明确 It caused no danger to our planet； C 错误：欧洲望远镜只是收集信号，没有破坏撞击地点； D 错误：本段未提及已经找到太空垃圾的解决办法。 4.C 主旨大意题。文章由火箭残骸撞月事件切入，介绍事件经过，重点探讨太空垃圾带来的隐患，呼吁完善国际规则管控月球太空废弃物。 A 只讲发射历史，偏离；B 只讲月球基地，片面；D 反对私企太空探索，原文无此观点。 B （2026·原创） A Chinese research team has completed an updated global geologic map of the Moon at a scale of 1:5 million, bringing major breakthroughs in lunar scientific research and deep-space exploration. The new map is a significant upgrade on the 2024 version, greatly refining and systematizing the Moon’s geologic history with the latest global research findings. The core achievement of the update is the recalibration of the Moon’s ancient geologic eras. Based on advanced international chronological research, scientists have updated the age boundaries of the Moon’s three key ancient periods, optimizing the traditional lunar geologic time system. Most importantly, samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 mission confirmed lunar volcanic activity existed as recently as 2 billion years ago. This finding extends the Moon’s geologic lifespan by 1 billion years, compared with the previous conclusion of 3 billion years, and has become a key foundation for global lunar geological research. Notably, this new global map is the first to include exclusive scientific discoveries from the Chang’e-6 mission. It clearly records the age of young mare basalts on the lunar far side and presents the region’s complete volcanic evolution history. In addition, by removing spectral noise from observational data, researchers have newly confirmed that KREEP rocks rich in rare earth and strategic resources in the Oceanus Procellarum are far more continuous and abundant than previously thought. The discovery forces scientists to re-examine the Moon’s early magma ocean crystallization and internal thermal evolution process. Measuring 2.8 by 1.2 meters, the new map adopts original and proprietary cartographic standards independently developed by China. It identifies more than 13,500 impact craters and 81 basins, and applies a unique color design combining geological logic and traditional Chinese aesthetics, following the rule of “lighter for younger, darker for older” geological structures. Experts stressed that the self-developed standard will be applied to the future geological mapping of Mars and asteroids. It successfully ends China’s long-term reliance on foreign mapping systems, builds an independent intellectual property system for domestic deep-space exploration, and marks a major leap forward in China’s aerospace technological soft power. 5. What is the major breakthrough of the updated lunar map? A. It totally rewrites the formation of the moon B. It recalibrates (重新刻度，再校准) the moon’s ancient geologic eras C. It finishes the first lunar exploration worldwide D. It removes all volcanic activities on record 6. What can we learn from the Chang’e-5 samples? A. Lunar volcanic activity lasted longer than formerly believed B. The moon’s geologic lifespan is shortened by 1 billion years C. The lunar far side has no volcanic basalts D. Global geologic research needs to abandon old data 7. The underlined word “proprietary” in Paragraph 4 most probably means ______. A. publicly-shared B. independently-owned C. out-of-date D. internationally-accepted 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The introduction of China’s advanced space exploration history B. The application of Chinese aesthetics in aerospace research C. Detailed comparison between new and old lunar maps D. New lunar map’s scientific achievements and far-reaching significance 【答案】5.B 6.A 7.B 8.D 【导语】本文一篇说明文，介绍了中国最新修订的全球月球地质图，阐述了该地图基于“嫦娥”系列探测任务数据所取得的主要科学成果，以及其对我国自主深空探测的重要意义。 【解析】 5.B 细节理解题 根据第二段首句 “A Chinese research team has completed an updated global geologic map of the Moon at a scale of 1:5 million, bringing major breakthroughs in lunar scientific research and deep-space exploration. (中国科研团队已完成一幅比例尺为 1:500 万的月球全球地质图更新版，这一成果为月球科学研究与深空探测领域带来了重大突破。)”可知，本次更新的核心成果是recalibration of the Moon’s ancient geologic eras（重新校准月球古老地质年代），故B正确。 A. It totally rewrites the formation of the moon（它彻底改写了月球的形成过程），错误：文章是优化完善地质史，并非完全改写月球形成； C. It finishes the first lunar exploration worldwide（它完成了全球首次月球探测任务），错误，无原文依据。 D. It removes all volcanic activities on record（它抹去了所有有记录的火山活动），错误，无原文依据。 6. A 推理判断题 根据第二段 “Most importantly, samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 mission confirmed lunar volcanic activity existed as recently as 2 billion years ago. This finding extends the Moon’s geologic lifespan by 1 billion years, compared with the previous conclusion of 3 billion years, and has become a key foundation for global lunar geological research.(最重要的是，中国“嫦娥五号”探测器采集的样本证实，月球上的火山活动在约20亿年前仍存在。这一发现将月球的地质历史延长了10亿年（此前结论为30亿年），并成为全球月球地质 research.“嫦娥五号样本证实月球20亿年前仍有火山活动，比此前认定的30亿年寿命延长了10亿年，说明火山活动持续时间比以往认知更长 研究的关键基础。)”可知，嫦娥五号样本证实月球20亿年前仍有火山活动，比此前认定的30亿年寿命延长了10亿年，说明火山活动持续时间比以往认知更长。 B（缩短）、C（无玄武岩）、D（摒弃旧数据）均与原文相悖。 7. B 词义猜测题 根据第四段“Measuring 2.8 by 1.2 meters, the new map adopts original and proprietary cartographic standards independently developed by China”及最后一段“Experts stressed that the self-developed standard will be applied to the future geological mapping of Mars and asteroids.（专家们强调，这项自主研发的标准将应用于未来的火星及小行星地质填图工作”）” 可知， independently developed “自主研制的）”及“self-developed” ，由此可推断 proprietary 意为“自主研发的、专属的”，与 independently-owned 同义。A共享的、C过时的、D国际通用的，均不符。 8. D主旨大意题 全文围绕中国新版月球地质图展开，介绍其科研突破（年代校准、嫦娥系列探测成果、矿产新发现）以及行业价值（自主标准、助力深空探测）。故正确答案是D.New lunar map’s scientific achievements and far-reaching significance（新月球地图的科学成就与深远意义） A. The introduction of China’s advanced space exploration history （中国先进航天探索历史简介），错误，范围过大 B. The application of Chinese aesthetics in aerospace research（中国美学在航空航天研究中的应用），错误，仅为细节，非主旨 C. Detailed comparison between new and old lunar maps（新旧月球地图的详细对比），错误，文中无新旧地图详细对比。 C （2026·原创） The first print edition of Chinese-led international academic journal Vita has been officially released, with the core goal of building it into a world-class top publication in China's life sciences sector. Jointly launched by institutions of the Alliance of Open Life Science, the Vita series adopts a “main journal plus sub-journals” operating model. It follows an open-access policy, allowing global readers free access to all published content and charging authors no publication fees. To encourage domestic innovation, all alliance members promise to treat Vita and its sub-journals as equal to authoritative international journals in academic evaluation, motivating Chinese researchers to publish their original and groundbreaking findings on the platform. Jin Li, chairman of the alliance, stressed that academic journals should never prioritize commercial benefits over scientific value. Instead, they must focus on high-quality research and strictly stick to academic integrity. He added that a world-class journal pursues constant excellence, sets unified academic benchmarks for the research community, guides researchers to pursue innovation and rigorous exploration, and finally builds a thriving ecosystem for scientific and technological innovation. High-level academic journals are vital symbols of a country’s scientific competitiveness and cultural influence. In recent years, China has witnessed rapid growth in scientific output, with rising citation volumes and impact factors. However, most of China’s top original research results are still published in foreign journals. Up to now, China has lacked globally recognized top-tier journals, which fails to match its outstanding contributions to global life science research. According to academician Shi Yigong, it is extremely urgent for China to develop self-led, internationally acknowledged world-class journals to change the current awkward situation. Li Dangsheng, co-editor-in-chief of Vita, also pointed out that the journal will adhere to the principle of serving science and researchers, and win global recognition through rigorous, fair and impartial academic services. Founded in Hong Kong in August 2025, the Alliance of Open Life Science currently has 39 member institutions from the Chinese mainland, Hong Kong and Macao. It devotes itself to developing high-quality scientific journals and building open and shared international research data platforms, supporting the long-term development of China’s life science industry. 9. What special policy does the journal Vita carry out? A. It charges low fees for published papers B. It offers free access to global readers C. It only accepts domestic research papers D. It evaluates papers based on commercial value 10. Why is it urgent to build world-class Chinese journals? A. China’s scientific contributions don’t match its lack of top journals B. Foreign journals refuse to publish Chinese research findings C. China’s scientific output is decreasing year by year D. Domestic journals have no academic evaluation standards 11. The underlined word “rigorous” in Paragraph 5 most probably means ______. A. casual B.creative C. strict D. complex 12. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The rapid development of China’s life science industry B. The functions of the Alliance of Open Life Science C. Differences between Chinese and foreign academic journals D. The establishment and development goals of the journal Vita 【答案】 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由中国牵头创办的全新期刊《Vita》，内容涵盖其运营模式、学术理念、创刊背景以及将其打造成为世界一流生命科学期刊的目标。 9. B 细节理解题 根据原文第二段“Jointly launched by institutions of the Alliance of Open Life Science, the Vita series adopts a “main journal plus sub-journals” operating model. It follows an open-access policy, allowing global readers free access to all published content and charging authors no publication fees. To encourage domestic innovation, all alliance members promise to treat Vita and its sub-journals as equal to authoritative international journals in academic evaluation, motivating Chinese researchers to publish their original and groundbreaking findings on the platform.（Vita系列期刊由开放生命科学联盟各机构联合创办，采用‘主刊加子刊’的运营模式。该系列遵循开放获取政策，允许全球读者免费访问所有已发表内容，且不对作者收取出版费用。）”可知，Vita采用开放获取模式，allowing global readers free access（全球读者可免费阅读）且不向作者收取版面费。故选B：It offers free access to global readers（全球读者提供免费访问服务）。 A .It charges low fees for published papers (对已发表的论文收取较低的投稿费用),错误：完全免费而非低价； C. It only accepts domestic research papers (仅接收国内科研论文),错误：文章未限制仅收录国内论文； D.It evaluates papers based on commercial value (根据商业价值对论文进行评审),错误：期刊拒绝商业优先原则，重视学术价值。 10. A 细节推理题 根据第四、六段：中国科研贡献巨大、科研产出增长，但缺乏国际顶刊，fails to match its scientific contributions，因此急需打造自主世界级期刊。 B错误：外国期刊并未拒绝中国论文；C错误：中国科研产出稳步增长；D错误：国内有评价体系，只是缺少国际顶刊。 11. C 词义猜测题 根据语境：期刊追求卓越、坚守学术诚信，开展rigorous exploration（严谨探索），搭配学术研究，rigorous 意为“严谨的、严格的”，与strict同义。A随意的、B创新的、D复杂的，均不符合学术语境。 12. D 主旨大意题 全文围绕中国主导的生命科学期刊Vita展开，介绍其创办模式、办刊理念、创办背景及打造世界一流期刊的发展目标。故选D. The establishment and development goals of the journal Vita(Vita杂志的创办和发展目标)。 A. The rapid development of China’s life science industry(中国生命科学产业的快速发展)，错误，片面（仅为背景，非核心）； B. The functions of the Alliance of Open Life Science(开放生命科学联盟的功能)，错误，局部细节（联盟仅为创办主体，不是主旨） C. Differences between Chinese and foreign academic journals(中外学术期刊的差异)，错误，无中生有（未对比中外期刊差异）。 二．七选五 （2026·原创） 阅读短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Wang Xiji, one of the pioneers of China's space industry and chief designer of the nation's first recoverable reconnaissance satellite, died in Beijing on Wednesday at the age of 105. Born in Kunming in 1921, Wang was raised in a business family. 1. ________ Driven by a strong desire to help rejuvenate the nation, he was admitted to National Southwestern Associated University in 1938 and graduated in mechanical engineering in 1942. After working in local factories for years, he went to the United States for further study in 1948 and earned his master’s degree one year later. 2. ________ Instead, he made up his mind to devote his professional knowledge to the construction of New China. In 1950, he returned to China with a group of patriotic scholars and worked as a university teacher for years. Wang started his lifelong space career in 1958. At that time, China’s space industry almost had no technical foundation. 3. ________ Without modern equipment or professional launch sites, they even turned a rice field into a simple launch base and calculated flight trajectories with hand-operated devices. After months of hard work, China's first liquid-fuel sounding rocket successfully lifted off in 1960. Wang made continuous breakthroughs in the following decades. He oversaw most early sounding rocket models and designed China’s first carrier rocket Long March 1, which sent the first Chinese satellite Dongfanghong 1 into orbit in 1970. 4. ________ This achievement placed China among the world’s advanced countries in satellite technology. Though gaining great fame and achievements, Wang stuck to pragmatic scientific principles. He believed technical research should respect objective laws and seek truth from facts. 5. ________ Even in his 80s and 90s, he still kept exploring new space technologies and passing down experience to young researchers. A. He chose to give up his doctoral study abroad. B. He received a solid engineering education in his early years. C. He also successfully developed China’s first recoverable satellite. D. He devoted himself to teaching reform and talent training. E. Wang and his team overcame countless tough conditions. F. He remained active and rigorous in scientific research all his life. G. He was eager to cooperate with Western space experts. 【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.E 4. C 5.F 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要记述了中国航天事业先驱王希季的人生经历与杰出贡献，展现了他如何克服艰苦条件，在中国航天发展中取得重大突破，并一生严谨治学、潜心科研。 【解析】 1. B 段中过渡句 后文讲述他考入名校、攻读机械工程、赴美深造，对应B选项“早年接受扎实的工程教育”，起到承上启下的作用。其余选项与早年求学背景无关。 2. A 段首过渡句 根据后文 Instead, he made up his mind to devote his professional knowledge to the construction of New China 可知，他放弃了海外深造，毅然回国报国，A选项完美匹配转折逻辑。 3. E 段中主旨支撑句 空前说明当时中国航天基础薄弱，空后详细列举设备简陋、稻田改发射场等艰苦条件，E选项“他和团队克服无数艰难条件”总领本段细节内容。 4. C 段中并列细节句 本段介绍他的多项航天成就：探空火箭、长征一号、东方红一号。C选项补充他研制出中国首颗返回式卫星，与前后成就并列，且对应后文“This achievement”。 5. F 段尾总结升华句 本段讲述他严谨务实的科研态度和晚年仍深耕科研的事迹，F选项“一生科研积极严谨”总结全段主旨，衔接自然。 三．完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As new semester begins, primary and middle school students in China will devote more time to hands-on scientific projects. A newly issued national guideline 1.______ fourth to ninth graders to finish at least one scientific inquiry project every semester. Taking effect in the fall semester, the “learning by doing” initiative aims to 2.______ a long-standing weakness in science education: schools overemphasize knowledge transmission while 3.______ the cultivation of students’ practical abilities. The guideline promotes a major 4.______ in teaching modes. Traditional lecture-based classes will give way to project-based learning, which centers on 5.______ real-world problems and adopts interdisciplinary thinking. To suit students’ cognitive levels, the guideline sets 6.______ requirements for different grades. Primary education focuses on stimulating children’s curiosity through simple observation and experiments, while middle school education 7.______ the cultivation of independent scientific thinking. Six major inquiry themes are 8.______, covering aerospace, ecological environment, artificial intelligence and more. Students can conduct vivid projects, such as making water rockets and learning to use AI tools in a safe and 9.______ way. Each project is required to 10.______ no less than four class periods to ensure learning quality. Moreover, the guideline also11.______ the evaluation system. Instead of judging students merely by exam scores, schools will assess their comprehensive performance throughout the inquiry process, 12.______ hands-on skills, teamwork and reflective thinking. Experts believe the reform effectively bridges the gap between theory and practice. It 13.______ traditional rote learning and injects new vitality into basic science education. By cultivating students’ innovative spirit from an early age, the policy will 14.__fuel____ China’s technological self-reliance and lay a solid talent 15.___foundation___ for the country’s innovation-driven development. 1.A. forces B. requires C. allows D. reminds 2.A. address B. witness C. avoid D. ignore 3.A. promoting B. abandoning C. neglecting D. delaying 4.A. trend B. mistake C. barrier D. shift 5.A. solving B. recognizing C. avoiding D. analyzing 6. A. strict B. flexible C. differentiated D. identical 7. A.takes over B. focuses on C. turns out D. brings up 8. A. displayed B.approved C. selected D. covered 9. A. casual B.complex C. ethical D. ordinary 10. A. last B. cost C. spare D. occupy 11. A. simplifies B. reforms C. replaces D. stabilizes 12. A. excluding B.limiting C. doubting D. involving 13. A. challenges B. supports C. defends D. confirms 14. A. weaken B.restrict C. fuel D. supervise 15. A. resource B.target C. advantage D. foundation 【答案】 1-5 BACDA 6-10 CBDCA 11-15 BDACD 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍我国出台的中小学科学教育新纲要，倡导 “做中学”，推行项目式、跨学科实践学习，实行差异化教学与过程性评价，专家认为该改革能够弥合理论与实践的鸿沟，为国家创新发展储备人才。 【详解】 1. B 句意：一项新出台的国家教育纲要要求四至九年级学生每学期至少完成一项科学探究项目。A. forces 强迫；B. requires （官方、制度）要求；C. allows 允许；D. reminds 提醒; 解析：本句主语为官方 guideline（政策纲要），描述规章制度的硬性要求，正式语境只用require。force带有“逼迫、施压”的负面色彩，不符合教育新政语境；allow、remind语义完全不符，因此选B。 2.A 句意：这项“做中学”举措旨在解决科学教育中长期存在的短板问题。 A. address 解决、应对（问题）；B. witness 见证、目睹；C. avoid 避免；D. ignore 忽视 解析：此处考查高考高频熟词生义，address作动词专用于“应对、解决难题/弊端”。新政出台目的是整改传统教育缺陷，并非见证、避免或忽视问题，因此选A。 3. C 句意：传统科学教育过度重视知识灌输，却忽视了学生实践能力的培养。 A. promoting 提升、促进；B. abandoning 抛弃、舍弃；C. neglecting 忽视、疏于重视；D. delaying 拖延、推迟 解析：句子存在对比逻辑，前文overemphasize（过度重视）对应后文“轻视、忽视”能力培养。abandon语气过重，指彻底抛弃；neglect侧重“重视不足、有所疏漏”，贴合教育现状，因此选C。 4. D 句意：该纲要推动教学模式发生重大转型。 A. trend 趋势；B. mistake 错误；C. barrier 障碍；D.shift 转变、转型 ; 解析：后文提到传统讲授式课堂被项目式学习取代，说明是教学模式的彻底变革。teaching shift为高考固定搭配，表“教学转型”；trend侧重“发展趋势”，不体现主动改革变革，因此选D。 5. A 句意：新型项目式学习以解决现实问题为核心，采用跨学科思维模式。A. solving 解决；B. recognizing 识别、认出；C. avoiding 避免；D. analyzing 分析 解析：全文核心主题为实践教育、学以致用，目的是让学生动手解决真实问题。教育改革的最终目标是解决问题，而非单纯识别、分析或回避问题，solve real-world problems为固定高频搭配，因此选A。 6. C 句意：为适配学生的认知水平，纲要为不同年级设置了差异化的学习要求。A. strict 严格的；B. flexible 灵活的；C. differentiated 差异化的、有区别的 ；D. identical 完全相同的; 解析：后文明确区分小学、中学的不同培养目标，说明要求因人而异、学段有别。identical语义相反，strict、flexible无依据，differentiated精准对应“分层、差异化教学”的教育理念，因此选C。 7. B 句意：小学教育重在激发好奇心，而中学教育侧重培养独立的科学思维。 A.takes over 接管、接手 ；B.focuses on 侧重、专注于；C. turns out 结果是、证明是；D. brings up 养育、提出; 解析：本句为并列对比结构，阐述两个学段的教学侧重点差异。四个短语中只有focuses on能够表达“教学侧重、重点培养”的含义，贴合语境，因此选B。 8. D 句意：纲要设置了六大探究主题，涵盖航空航天、生态环境、人工智能等多个领域。A. displayed 展示、陈列；B.approved 批准、认可；C. selected 挑选、选定；D. covered 涵盖、包含; 解析：此处表达文件内容包含多个主题范围，cover专用于“文件、内容、范围涵盖某物”。display侧重实物展示，select、approve语义不符，因此选D。 9. C 选项词义：A. casual 随意的；B. complex 复杂的；C. ethical 合乎伦理道德的；D. ordinary 普通的 空格句意：学生可以学习以安全、合规、合乎伦理的方式使用人工智能工具。 解题分析：对应原文原词 safely and ethically（安全且合乎伦理地），是文章核心细节。教育倡导规范、道德地使用AI，其余词汇均无法搭配AI使用规范的语境，因此选C。 10. A 句意：每个探究项目要求至少持续四课时，以保障教学质量。A. last 持续；B. cost 花费（金钱/精力）；C. spare 腾出、备用；D. occupy 占据（时间/空间）; 解析：描述活动、课程、项目的 “时长持续”，是last的专属用法。occupy多指占用时间，不与时间段连用；cost、spare语义不符，因此选A。 11. B 句意：此外，该纲要同时对学生评价体系进行了改革。A. simplifies 简化；B. reforms 改革、革新；C. replaces 替代、取代；D. stabilizes 使稳定； 解析：全文围绕科学教育改革展开，后文提到“不再唯分数论，转为过程性评价”，说明评价体系发生革新变化。reform贴合全文“教育改革”主旨，其余词汇不符语境，因此选B。 12. D 句意：学校将评估学生探究过程中的综合表现，包含动手能力、团队合作与反思思维等维度。A. excluding 排除；B.limiting 限制；C. doubting 怀疑；D. involving 包含、涉及； 解析：本句是对综合评价内容的补充说明，新评价体系涵盖多项能力指标。involving用于句中作后置补充，表“包含、涉及”，逻辑通顺，其余选项语义相反或无关，因此选D。 13. A 句意：这项新型实践教育模式对传统死记硬背的学习方式形成革新与挑战，为基础教育注入新活力。A. challenges 挑战、革新颠覆；B. supports 支持；C. defends 捍卫、防护；D. confirms 确认、证实；解析：新旧教育模式完全不同，新模式打破传统应试、机械记忆的弊端，是对旧模式的革新挑战。support、defend、confirm均为正向贴合旧模式的词汇，逻辑矛盾，因此选A。 14. C 句意：通过从小培养学生的创新精神，该政策将激发中国的科技创新自主能力，并为我国创新驱动发展奠定坚实的人才基础。A. weaken 削弱；B.restrict 限制；C. fuel 推动、促进；D. supervise 监督；解析：高考高频熟词生义，fuel此处作动词，意为“助推、推动发展”，贴合科技自立自强的语境。因此选C。 15. D 句意：通过从小培养学生的创新精神，该政策将激发中国的科技创新自主能力，并为我国创新驱动发展奠定坚实的人才基础。A. resource 资源；B.target 目标；C. advantage 优势；D. foundation 基础；解析：固定搭配 lay a solid foundation for 为……奠定坚实基础。因此选D。 四．语法填空 （2026·原创） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a landmark moment for China's space sector, a huge rocket booster gently touched down on China's northwestern desert terrain on Wednesday morning, 1.________(mark) the country's firstever successful land recovery of a rocket. Footage from surveillance drones flying near the landing trajectory shows that during the final phase of its return to Earth, 2.____________ an altitude of roughly three kilometers above the ground, the booster fired an engine at the center of its base for propulsive deceleration. 3.______________(short) before touchdown, its four landing legs deployed（展开）. At the instant of touchdown, the engine shut down, and the legs held the over 40metertall first stage firmly upright on the concrete landing pad in Minqin county, Gansu province. The recovery has made LandSpace the second in China 4._______________(bring) a booster back to Earth intact and the first to successfully land a rocket on Chinese soil, which shows its rapid progress in reusablerocket technology. Last month, the Stateowned space conglomerate China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp recorded the nation's first 5._______________(success) rocket recovery, flying the firststage booster of a Long March 10B back to a recovery ship in the South China Sea. Wednesday's success also made China the second country in the world 6.____________ can conduct both land-and-seabased recovery of rockets. The 66.1meter ZQ 3 Y2, a gigantic craft 7.________________(make) primarily of stainless steel, blasted off at 7:35 am from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, about 390 kilometers from the landing site. The rocket's secondstage booster separated from the first stage just over two minutes after liftoff and continued flying upward to transport 8.____________ satellite called Honghu 03 into its preset orbit. Technical specs from LandSpace show the ZQ 3 Y2 weighed about 570 metric tons when fully fueled, with powerful methane engines giving it strong propulsion to send heavy 9.______________ (satellite) into target orbits. Its predecessor ZQ 3 Y1 10.________(suffer) a recovery failure in December 2025 though it had reached orbit successfully. 【答案】 1.marking 2.at 3.Shortly 4.to bring 5.successful 6.that 7.made 8.a 9.satellites 10.suffered 【详解】 1. marking 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作结果状语） 句意：在中国航天事业一个具有里程碑意义的时刻，一枚大型火箭助推器于周三清晨平稳降落在中国西北沙漠地带，标志着我国首次实现火箭陆地回收。 解析：本句谓语动词是touched down，无并列连词。mark的逻辑主语是前面整件事，为主动关系，现在分词作自然而然的结果状语，故填marking。 2. at 考点：介词 句意：着陆轨迹附近的监控无人机拍摄的画面显示，在返回地球的最后阶段，在距离地面约三千米的高度，助推器点燃底部中央的发动机进行动力减速。 解析：固定搭配 at an altitude of… 在…… 的高度，属于航天文本高频介词搭配。 3. Shortly 考点：副词 句意：就在着陆前不久，它的四条着陆腿展开。 解析：此处修饰介词短语before touchdown要用副词。形容词short变为副词shortly；shortly before意为 “在…… 前不久”，句首首字母大写。 4. to bring 考点：非谓语动词（不定式作后置定语） 句意：这次回收使蓝箭航天成为中国第二家完整回收助推器的企业，也是首家在中国本土成功实现火箭着陆回收的企业，这体现了其可回收火箭技术的飞速进步。 解析：固定结构：the + 序数词 + n. + to do，不定式作后置定语。序数词修饰名词，用 todo 作后置定语，后文the first to successfully land也为相同结构。 5. successful 考点：形容词 句意：上个月，国有航天集团中国航天科技集团完成国内首次成功的火箭回收，将长征 10B 一级助推器送回南海的回收船上。 解析：空格后面是名词短语rocket recovery，需要形容词作定语修饰名词；名词success转换为形容词successful（成功的）。 6. that 考点：定语从句（限制性定语从句） 句意：周三的这次成功也让中国成为世界上第二个同时具备陆地与海上火箭回收能力的国家。 解析：先行词the second country被序数词the second修饰；关系代词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，被序数词修饰时只能用关系代词that，不能用 which。 7. made 考点：非谓语动词（过去分词作后置定语） 句意：这枚 66.1 米高的 ZQ3 Y2 巨型箭体主要由不锈钢制成，于早上 7 点 35 分从酒泉卫星发射中心点火升空。 解析：句子谓语是blasted off；craft和make之间是被动关系（箭体被制造），过去分词作后置定语。固定搭配be made of由…… 制成。 8. a 考点：冠词 句意：火箭二级助推器在起飞两分多钟后与一级分离，继续向上飞行，将一颗名为 “洪湖 03” 的卫星送入预定轨道。 解析：satellite是可数名词单数，此处泛指 “一颗卫星”，satellite 辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 9. satellites 考点：名词（可数名词复数） 句意：蓝箭航天的技术参数显示，ZQ3 Y2 加满燃料约 570 吨，强大的甲烷发动机赋予它强劲推力，可以把多颗重型卫星送入目标轨道。 解析：satellite为可数名词。此处表示泛指多颗卫星，空格无冠词，可数名词泛指用复数；satellite 复数直接加s →satellites。 10. suffered 考点：动词时态（一般过去时） 句意：它的前身 ZQ3 Y1 虽然成功入轨，但在 2025 年 12 月回收失败。 解析：时间状语in December 2025是明确过去时间，谓语动词使用一般过去时；suffer过去式suffered。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $