热点时文08 全民康健・社会共建（阅读专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习时文阅读高分突破

**基本信息** 以“全民康健”热点时文为载体，构建“词汇筑基-长句解码-语篇应用”三维训练体系，融合语言能力培养与思维品质提升，实现知识逻辑与解题方法的系统整合。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词库|20词（12课标+8拓维）|课标词汇分类记忆+拓维词汇语境应用|从基础词汇到专业术语，构建健康主题词汇网络| |长句解码|2个核心长句|语法结构拆分（主干+伴随状语）+翻译技巧（分句处理+语序调整）|通过句法解析提升复杂句理解与表达能力| |语篇应用|阅读3篇+语法填空2篇+写作1篇|阅读信息定位与推理+语法规则情境应用+建议信结构规范|从语言输入（阅读）到输出（写作），形成完整语言能力训练链|

热点时文08 全民康健・社会共建 Community doctors help smokers kick habit 社区医生帮助吸烟者戒除烟瘾 To lower the national smoking rate and improve public health, over 1,000 community health centers in Shenzhen have launched intelligent smoking cessation intervention modules. The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services, covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far. 为降低全国吸烟率并改善公共卫生状况，深圳市已有超过1000家社区卫生服务中心推出了智能戒烟干预系统。该系统可协助医生对初诊患者进行吸烟史筛查，并提供针对性戒烟服务，目前已覆盖超过1300万人，惠及逾1万名吸烟者。 During routine medical checks, automated system prompts remind doctors to inquire about patients’ smoking habits and willingness to quit. Qualified smokers can join personalized guidance programs with regular follow-up assessments. Medical workers track their progress strictly at fixed intervals, including seven days, one month, six months and one year after quitting. Key health indicators such as lung function and exhaled carbon monoxide levels are continuously monitored to reduce relapse risks. 在常规医疗检查中，自动化系统会向医生发送提示，提醒其询问患者的吸烟习惯及戒烟意愿。符合条件的吸烟者可加入个性化指导计划，并接受定期随访评估。医务人员会在戒烟后的固定时间点（包括7天、1个月、6个月及1年）严格追踪其康复进展；同时持续监测肺功能、呼出气一氧化碳浓度等关键健康指标，以降低复吸风险。 Shenzhen’s practice represents a nationwide trend. Many cities across China, including Shijiazhuang, Suzhou and Wuhu, have rolled out diverse community-based smoking cessation measures. These accessible services cover regular health tests, online counseling, family doctor support and incentive programs. Compared with specialized hospitals, community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers, especially those who never take the initiative to seek professional help. Even short conversations with community doctors can raise public awareness and encourage tobacco reduction. 深圳市的这一做法代表了全国范围内的普遍趋势。包括石家庄、苏州和芜湖在内的中国许多城市均已推行多种基于社区的戒烟措施。这些便捷的服务涵盖定期健康检查、在线咨询、家庭医生支持以及激励计划等。与专科医院相比，社区机构能够覆盖更多普通吸烟者，尤其是那些从未主动寻求专业帮助的人群。即便是与社区医生进行简短沟通，也能提升公众认知并促进烟草使用减少。 China has promoted tobacco control for nearly two decades since adopting the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006. A series of policies have been carried out, such as banning tobacco advertisements, raising tobacco taxes and enforcing public smoke-free rules. Guided by the Healthy China Initiative (2019-2030), the country aims to cut the smoking rate of people aged 15 and above to 20 percent by 2030. 自2006年采纳《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》以来，中国已持续推行烟草控制工作近二十年。政府实施了一系列政策措施，包括禁止烟草广告、提高烟草税以及严格执行公共场所无烟规定。根据《健康中国行动纲要（2019–2030年）》，中国目标是在2030年前将15岁及以上人群的吸烟率降至20%。 Remarkable progress has been achieved. The national smoking rate dropped from 28.1 percent in 2010 to 23.2 percent in 2024. Major cities including Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing have already fulfilled the 2030 target in advance. For its outstanding efforts, Shenzhen was awarded the 2026 World No Tobacco Day Award by the WHO China Representative Office. 我国在控烟方面取得了显著进展：全国吸烟率从2010年的28.1%降至2024年的23.2%；深圳、上海和北京等主要城市已提前实现2030年目标。鉴于其卓越贡献，深圳市荣获世界卫生组织中国代表处颁发的2026年世界无烟日奖。 However, tough challenges remain. Experts point out that the decline of the smoking rate has slowed greatly after 2022. Besides, many residents lack systematic knowledge of smoking hazards and secondhand smoke risks. Common misconceptions still exist, such as overestimating ventilation effects and ignoring e-cigarette harm. 然而，仍面临诸多严峻挑战。专家指出，吸烟率的下降速度在2022年后已显著放缓。此外，许多居民对吸烟危害及二手烟风险缺乏系统性认知；普遍存在的误解依然存在，例如高估通风效果或忽视电子烟的危害性。 To further advance tobacco control, China will standardize community quitting services, expand smoke-free campus programs and integrate more medical resources in 2026. With joint efforts of communities and society, the country will continuously optimize public health environments. 为进一步推进烟草控制工作，中国计划于2026年规范社区戒烟服务、扩大无烟校园项目规模并整合更多医疗资源。通过社区与全社会的共同努力，该国将持续优化公共卫生环境。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1.automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ adj. 自动化的 2.assessment /əˈsesmənt/ n. 评估，评价 3.monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ v. 监控，监测 4.accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 易获取的，可使用的 5.initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议，新方案 6.awareness /əˈweənəs/ n. 意识，认识 7.enforce /ɪnˈfɔːs/ v. 执行，强制实施 8.fulfill /fʊlˈfɪl/ v. 完成，履行，实现 9.overestimate /ˌəʊvərˈestɪmeɪt/ v. 高估 10.standardize /ˈstændədaɪz/ v. 使标准化 11.integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ v. 整合，融合 12.optimize /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/ v. 优化 【词库·拓维】 1. cessation /seˈseɪʃn/ n. 停止，终止 The cessation of smoking helps lung recovery. 戒烟有助于肺部恢复。 2. exhaled /ɪkˈheɪld/ adj. 呼出的 We test harmful substances in exhaled air. 我们检测呼出气体中的有害物质。 3. carbon monoxide levels n. 一氧化碳浓度 High carbon monoxide levels are dangerous to health. 过高的一氧化碳浓度会危害健康。 4. relapse /rɪˈlæps/ n. 复发（多指重新吸烟、旧病复发） Many smokers face relapse after quitting briefly. 许多吸烟者短暂戒烟后会复吸。 5. incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/ n. 激励，奖励，诱因 The hospital offers small incentives for people to stop smoking. 医院为戒烟人群提供小额激励。 6. hazard /ˈhæzədz/ n. 隐患，危害 Cigarettes bring many hidden health hazards. 香烟会带来诸多健康隐患。 7. misconception /ˌmɪskənˈsepʃn/ n. 误解，错误观念 It’s a common misconception that light cigarettes are harmless. 淡香烟无害是一种普遍的错误认知。 8. ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən/ n .空气流通, 通风设备, 通风方法, Factories must check their ventilation systems regularly. 工厂必须定期检修通风系统。 【长句·解码】 原句1： The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services, covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far. 1. 语法解析： 句子主干：The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services，主语是The system；谓语是helps... and offers(两个并列谓语)；宾语是doctors和 targeted quitting services；screen first-time patients for smoking history是动词短语作doctors的宾补。 伴随状语：covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示主句动作带来的结果。 2.翻译技巧 1） and 连接两个谓语，拆分成独立小分句，中文加衔接词：同时、此外、还，并。 2）句尾 covering... and benefiting... 是现在分词，英文习惯把结果放句尾，中文要断开，单独起一句交代成效。 标准翻译：该系统协助医生筛查初诊患者的吸烟史，并配套提供个性化戒烟干预服务；项目现已覆盖 1300 余万人群，累计惠及上万名烟民。 3.仿写练习 这款软件帮助老师批改学生作业并提供线上习题，至今已覆盖 2000 名学生，节省了大量时间。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 原句2： Compared with specialized hospitals, community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers, especially those who never take the initiative to seek professional help. 1. 语法解析： 句子主干：community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers，主语：community institutions；谓语：can reach; 宾语：more ordinary smokers；状语：Compared with specialized hospitals，过去分词短语作比较状语；同位语：especially those ，补充说明ordinary smokers； 定语从句：who never take the initiative to seek professional help，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。 2.翻译技巧 技巧 1：分词状语前置，顺译不调整语序 英文 Compared with... 放在句首作比较状语，中文同样习惯把 “与…… 相比” 放在句最开头，无需倒装。 技巧 2：英文长定语 who never take the initiative to seek professional help 跟在 those 后，中文翻译放在those前。 especially those who...单独成句，顺译置后。 标准翻译：与专科医院相比，社区机构能够覆盖更多普通吸烟者，尤其是那些从未主动寻求专业帮助的人群。 3.仿写练习 和厚书籍相比，短篇文章更受忙碌读者欢迎，尤其是空闲时间很少的人。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. What advantage do community health centers have over specialized hospitals in smoking control? A. They offer more professional medical equipment. B. They can serve more people who refuse active medical help. C. They provide longer-term follow-up assessment. D. They are funded by the WHO health program. 2. The word “relapse” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______. A. giving up smoking B. falling ill again C. starting smoking again D. recovering slowly 3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 6? A. People have fully realized the harm of e-cigarettes. B. Tobacco control progress meets certain bottlenecks. C. The smoking rate will stop declining in the future. D. Ventilation can effectively remove smoke-related harm. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards China’s tobacco control future? A. Doubtful B. Objective and hopeful C. Completely negative D. Uninterested 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To improve public health and safeguard people’s well-being, Shenzhen has launched intelligent smoking cessation intervention systems in over 1,000 community health centers across the city, 1 ______ (make) professional tobacco control services far more accessible to ordinary citizens. The intelligent system is specially designed 2 ______ (screen) every first-time patient for potential smoking history during routine physical examinations. It automatically pops up reminders for doctors to inquire about patients’ smoking habits and their willingness to quit smoking. Smokers 3 ______ are determined to give up smoking will be enrolled in personalized long-term guidance programs. Professional medical workers will track their quitting progress at fixed intervals, strictly monitoring key health indicators to keep their physical condition 4 ______ (health). Different from large specialized hospitals, community clinics can offer timely and low-cost support to people in need, especially those who rarely take the initiative to seek medical help. Since China signed and adopted the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, the country 5 ______ (adopt) a wide range of effective tobacco control policies. Strict measures including tobacco advertising bans, higher tobacco taxes and public smoke-free regulations have been carried out nationwide. Thanks to decades of continuous efforts, the national smoking rate has declined steadily,6 ______ several major cities including Shenzhen and Beijing achieving the 2030 health target ahead of schedule. Nevertheless, public health experts point out that obvious 7 ______ (challenge) still exist in current tobacco control work. Many local residents lack systematic knowledge of tobacco hazards and hold wrong beliefs. 8_____ is common that some people falsely believe that indoor ventilation can eliminate smoke harm and e-cigarettes are harmless alternatives to traditional cigarettes, which greatly hinders the promotion of smoke-free public environments. In 2026, China will further optimize grassroots public health services. More professional medical resources and traditional Chinese medicine therapies will be integrated into community smoking cessation programs to build a 9 ______ (true) efficient tobacco control system. Joint efforts from communities, schools and families will definitely build a healthier living environment for 10 ______ whole society. 三．应用文写作 假定你是李华，你所在社区正在推进无烟社区建设，但不少居民对吸烟危害、电子烟误区认知不足。请你给社区居委会写一封建议信， 内容包括： 1. 现状问题（居民健康认知薄弱、存在错误观念）； 2. 具体改进建议（健康宣讲、便民戒烟服务、公共场所管控）； 3. 表达期待。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头，结尾已给。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1． 阅读理解 A （2026·浙江·模拟） At 56, I am beginning to feel the physical effects of ageing. I won’t bore you with the details, but none of them is great fun. Yet researchers now suggest that one of the most damaging effects may not be physical at all. It may begin with how people come to see ageing itself. They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one’s own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them. Over time, they can become part of how people see themselves. Once that happens, behaviour may change: a person who expects decline may exercise less, pay less attention to diet, and treat every sign of weakness as proof of something worse. Research shows that internalised ageism can affect how people age. A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views. Crucially, researchers ruled out the simpler explanation — poor health did not simply cause pessimism. Instead, a person’s attitude at the  start predicted how their health changed over time. Becca Levy at YaleSchool of Public Health found further support: among people over 65 with mild memory problems, those with a positive outlook were far more likely to recover. Her research also shows that such negative thinking generates over three million extra disease cases in the US each year, at a combined cost of over eleven billion dollars. Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root. A partial answer exists. Research shows attitudes towards ageing can shift through positive messages. But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows. I’m not going to let it get me down. Instead, I’m going to try to make my own ageing process great fun. 1．What is the root cause of internalized ageism? A．Less attention to exercise and diet. B．Gradual loss of learning capability. C．Constant fear over physical decline. D．Repeated exposure to age prejudice. 2．What can we learn about ageing from the Harvard study? A．Attitude affects the rate of ageing. B．Pessimism results from faster ageing. C．Mindset alone defines ageing process. D．Healthy habits promise slower ageing. 3．Why is internalised ageism hard to change? A．Its roots take time to appear. B．It is backed by professionals. C．Its sources are widely varied. D．It is established as a social norm. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Age Prejudice: A Long Battle for Society B．The Elderly: A Group Misunderstood by Society C．Social Messages: A Silent Force Behind Age Bias D．Negative Expectations: A Hidden Threat in Ageing B （2026·原创） Researchers from UC Berkeley discovered the brain circuitry linking deep sleep and growth hormone secretion（分泌）, revealing a mutual regulating feedback loop. This finding answers why poor sleep damages growth, muscle recovery, fat metabolism and brain function. Sound sleep triggers growth hormone production, which strengthens bones and muscles, burns fat and promotes healthy development. Athletes rely on deep sleep for recovery, while teens need sufficient sleep to grow to their full height. Scientists already knew growth hormone peaks during deep non-REM sleep, but the precise brain control system had long been a mystery. The study published in Cell mapped key brain circuits and a brand-new balance feedback system. This breakthrough clarifies the sleep-hormone connection and paves the way for new treatments for sleep trouble, diabetes and neurodegenerative（神经组织退化的） illnesses like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Earlier studies only tested hormone levels via blood samples. This team monitored live mouse brain nerves to draw the complete regulatory circuit, creating a foundation for future medical therapies. Since growth hormone controls sugar and fat breakdown, lasting sleep shortage increases risks of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Hormone-regulating neurons（神经元） lie in the hypothalamus（下丘脑）: GHRH neurons boost hormone release, while two kinds of somatostatin（生长激素抑制素） neurons block it. After release, growth hormone activates the locus coeruleus（蓝斑） in the brainstem, a zone that controls alertness and thinking. Its failure connects to many mental and nerve disorders. In mouse tests using electrodes（电极）and light stimulation, researchers found GHRH and somatostatin behave differently in separate sleep stages. The newly discovered feedback cycle centers on the locus coeruleus: accumulated growth hormone arouses the brain, yet overstimulation causes sleepiness. It creates a balanced circle — sleep loss lowers growth hormone, and too much hormone pushes the brain awake. This balance is vital for growth, tissue repair and metabolic health. Beyond physical development, growth hormone keeps the locus coeruleus active to support daytime focus and cognition. Scientists say this brain circuit can guide precise gene and hormone therapies, offering new hope for people with sleep and metabolic diseases. 5.Why do teenagers need enough deep sleep according to the text? A. It helps them reduce mental illnesses completely. B. It encourages growth hormone for full physical height. B. It activates the locus coeruleus to cure diabetes. D. It balances somatostatin to stop fat metabolism. 6. What can we infer about the previous studies on growth hormone? A. They tracked live neural activity in mouse brains. B. They fully uncovered the brain’s regulatory circuit. C. They only examined hormone levels through blood tests. D. They invented new therapies for sleep disorders. 7. What does the underlined word “it” in the sixth paragraph refer to? A. The locus coeruleus B. The feedback cycle C. Overstimulation D. Growth hormone 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How researchers carry out mouse brain experiments with electrodes. B. The bad influences of long-term poor sleep on human metabolism. C. A new brain circuit discovery explaining the sleep-growth hormone feedback loop and its medical value. D. Differences between REM sleep and non-REM sleep in hormone production. C （2026·原创） With more than 40% of American teenagers reporting continuous feelings of sadness and hopelessness, the adolescent mental health crisis has aroused wide public concern. Child psychologist Kenneth Barish firmly believes that grandparents can serve as a vital and effective solution to this serious social problem. As a clinical professor at Weill Cornell Medicine, Barish states that the decreasing participation of extended families largely accounts for the worsening youth mental crisis. He argues that modern parents raise children with far less support from relatives and communities than before, while children are intrinsically in need of grandparents’ companionship and guidance. In his new book, based on his 40 years of clinical experience, neuroscience findings and child development studies, he illustrates that grandparents play an irreplaceable role in helping families cope with various modern parenting challenges. Barish attributes teenagers’ mental struggles to prevailing social problems. For decades, American society has prioritized individual achievement over community connection. The widespread pursuit of personal success has gradually eroded children’s kindness and sense of responsibility. Extreme academic and competitive pressure has caused soaring cases of anxiety, depression and even substance abuse among teenagers, especially in affluent communities. He insists that personal achievement alone cannot sustain long-term motivation and brings huge mental pressure. Instead, helping others balances children’s emotions, improves self-esteem, reduces depression and benefits physical health. Grandparents offer unique emotional support that parents can hardly provide. They deliver countless tiny but precious moments of encouragement, attention and understanding, which Barish defines as “molecules of emotional health”. These warm interactions build teenagers’ “emotional immune systems”, protecting them from negative emotions and loneliness. Besides, playful interactions and sincere recognition of children’s interests help build their emotional resilience and solid family bonds. Additionally, Barish reminds families of the harm of excessive criticism. Frequent blame leads to children’s resentment and resistance, destroying their initiative. He advocates praising children’s efforts and learning progress rather than their innate talent or grades, following the growth mindset theory. He also recommends solving family problems through cooperation and giving children chances to adjust, instead of punishment. Ultimately, healthy youth growth relies less on skill teaching and more on fostering inner confidence, emotional strength and warm relationships. With sufficient family care and a clear sense of purpose, teenagers can bravely overcome setbacks, treat others with kindness and pursue future life goals with lasting enthusiasm. 9.What is the main cause of the worsening teenagers’ mental crisis according to Barish? A. Too much care from grandparents in extended families B. Less support from relatives and communities for modern parents C. Teenagers’ lack of desire for personal achievement D. The decreasing academic competition among students 10.What does the phrase “molecules of emotional health” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The warm small interactions given by grandparents B. Medical drugs used to treat teenage depression C. Teenagers’ built-in ability to fight loneliness D. Scientific research results on mental illnesses 11.What can we learn about Barish’s parenting advice? A. Parents should praise kids’ natural talent and high exam scores B. Punishment is the best way to deal with teenagers’ mistakes C. Constant blame will make kids full of anger and unwilling to obey D. Teenagers should focus only on personal success to stay motivated 12.What is the author’s main opinion about teenagers’ healthy development? A. Teenagers should master various practical life skills at an early age. B. Inner mental quality and good connections matter more than skill training. C. Clear life goals are the most important factor for teenagers to beat difficulties. D. Family care can solve all the emotional troubles faced by young people. 2． 七选五 （2026·陕西商洛·模拟预测） In recent years, weight training has experienced an increase in popularity. Whether you’re a seasoned gym goer or someone new to fitness, it’s hard to ignore the growing enthusiasm surrounding weight training. 1 This article explores the reasons, helping you understand why so many people are embracing weight training like never before. The explosion of fitness technology has played a significant role in popularizing weight training. Wearable devices, apps, and online platforms now provide detailed data analysis, helping you track your progress and tailor your workouts. 2 With access to real-time feedback, you can fine-tune your technique and make consistent gains. 3 Fitness culture has undergone a great change, with a growing emphasis on strength and performance over aesthetics (美感). Social media platforms have contributed to this shift by showcasing a diverse range of athletes, trainers, and enthusiasts who celebrate strength and functionality. Another key driver behind the rise in weight training is the growing body of research highlighting its health benefits. Studies have shown that strength training can improve bone density, enhance metabolic health, and reduce the risk of chronic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. 4 Weight training doesn’t just improve physical health; it also offers significant mental health benefits. Lifting weights can help reduce stress, boost self-confidence, and improve mood. The focus required to perform lifts with proper form provides a meditative (冥想的) quality. 5 Additionally, the sense of accomplishment that comes with achieving a new personal record or mastering a challenging movement can be incredibly empowering. A．You may wonder what has caused this shift. B．This allows you to escape from daily distractions. C．A shift in fitness culture is also an important reason. D．People’s attitudes toward the exercising have changed. E．Smart gym equipment allows for more precise training. F．Additionally, maintaining muscle mass is crucial for healthy aging. G．Therefore, people can try to improve mental health through weight training. 三．完形填空 （25-26高三下·湖南·阶段检测） Most of us are bad at predicting what will make us happy, including the world’s best athletes. Four years ago, Swiss skier Mathilde Gremaud won gold at just 22 at the Beijing Winter Olympics. But within a month, her joy had 1 . “There’s nothing left,” she said. “It was super 2 .” Gremaud is far from an isolated case. Researchers have found that a significant number of Olympians 3 from a phenomenon called the post-Olympic blues — a(n) 4 crash following the Games. For decades, scientists have sought to 5 why this happens. The answer starts with a simple but 6 fact: people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy. One of the main reasons for this is a cognitive 7 known as “focalism” — the tendency to focus 8 on big, life-changing events while 9 all the smaller, everyday aspects of life. When we imagine happiness, we tend to think of 10 moments: a championship, a promotion, a dream vacation. But here is what researchers have actually discovered: how good your experiences are doesn’t 11 nearly as much as how many good experiences you have. The 12 of small, positive moments is a far better 13 of overall happiness than the intensity of a single great event. 14 , happiness is not one big victory. It is the 15 of hundreds of small things. 1．A．disappeared B．multiplied C．lessened D．collapsed 2．A．tiring B．empty C．lonely D．meaningless 3．A．escape B．recover C．benefit D．suffer 4．A．emotional B．physical C．sudden D．financial 5．A．carry out B．point out C．figure out D．rule out 6．A．apparent B．surprising C．remarkable D．well-known 7．A．bias B．ability C．error D．blindness 8．A．narrowly B．broadly C．briefly D．casually 9．A．balancing B．remembering C．ignoring D．overvaluing 10．A．memorable B．intense C．rare D．daily 11．A．differ B．matter C．improve D．bother 12．A．duration B．quality C．frequency D．variety 13．A．result B．cause C．reminder D．predictor 14．A．Fortunately B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Actually 15．A．mixture B．outcome C．sum D．achievement 四．语法填空 （2026·原创） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning a new language or recovering speech ability may rely less on the brain's movement centers than scientists once 1. ______ (believe). New research suggests regions involving in processing sound and physical sensations play a far bigger role in speech learning and memory. The study, 2. ______ (conduct) by McGill and Yale researchers, could reshape our understanding of speech learning and advance brain-based communication technologies. For years, scientists thought speech learning mainly depended on motor areas 3.__________(control)facial, mouth and vocal movements. Yet new 4.__________ (result) prove auditory and somatosensory systems are critical for mastering speech patterns. “Neuroscience once treated frontal motor areas 5. ______ core movement controllers. This study shows speech learning is mostly sensory,” said psychology professor David Ostry. The findings may help build devices to restore speech for stroke survivors. 6.__________(compare) different brain regions, researchers adjusted participants’ speech in real time and played modified audio through headphones. They used TMS, 7. ______ harmless brain stimulation tool, to temporarily block three key areas: auditory cortex, somatosensory cortex and motor cortex. They tested participants’ memory of learned speech 24 hours later. Their reasoning was clear: disrupting vital brain areas would weaken memory retention, while unimportant ones would have little impact. Tests proved sensory processing was dominant. Blocking auditory or somatosensory cortex 8.__________(great) weakened learning memory, while interfering with the motor cortex barely worked. “This study opposes the view 9.__________speech memories only rely on motor regions. It highlights how auditory and somatosensory changes shape speech learning,” said co-author Nishant Rao. The paper studies sensory brain plasticity and refers to earlier hand-movement experiments, 10. ______ also found sensory regions vital for motor skills. Future research will locate related brain circuits and create sensory therapies for stroke patients with speech damage. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 热点时文08 全民康健・社会共建 Community doctors help smokers kick habit 社区医生帮助吸烟者戒除烟瘾 To lower the national smoking rate and improve public health, over 1,000 community health centers in Shenzhen have launched intelligent smoking cessation intervention modules. The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services, covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far. 为降低全国吸烟率并改善公共卫生状况，深圳市已有超过1000家社区卫生服务中心推出了智能戒烟干预系统。该系统可协助医生对初诊患者进行吸烟史筛查，并提供针对性戒烟服务，目前已覆盖超过1300万人，惠及逾1万名吸烟者。 During routine medical checks, automated system prompts remind doctors to inquire about patients’ smoking habits and willingness to quit. Qualified smokers can join personalized guidance programs with regular follow-up assessments. Medical workers track their progress strictly at fixed intervals, including seven days, one month, six months and one year after quitting. Key health indicators such as lung function and exhaled carbon monoxide levels are continuously monitored to reduce relapse risks. 在常规医疗检查中，自动化系统会向医生发送提示，提醒其询问患者的吸烟习惯及戒烟意愿。符合条件的吸烟者可加入个性化指导计划，并接受定期随访评估。医务人员会在戒烟后的固定时间点（包括7天、1个月、6个月及1年）严格追踪其康复进展；同时持续监测肺功能、呼出气一氧化碳浓度等关键健康指标，以降低复吸风险。 Shenzhen’s practice represents a nationwide trend. Many cities across China, including Shijiazhuang, Suzhou and Wuhu, have rolled out diverse community-based smoking cessation measures. These accessible services cover regular health tests, online counseling, family doctor support and incentive programs. Compared with specialized hospitals, community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers, especially those who never take the initiative to seek professional help. Even short conversations with community doctors can raise public awareness and encourage tobacco reduction. 深圳市的这一做法代表了全国范围内的普遍趋势。包括石家庄、苏州和芜湖在内的中国许多城市均已推行多种基于社区的戒烟措施。这些便捷的服务涵盖定期健康检查、在线咨询、家庭医生支持以及激励计划等。与专科医院相比，社区机构能够覆盖更多普通吸烟者，尤其是那些从未主动寻求专业帮助的人群。即便是与社区医生进行简短沟通，也能提升公众认知并促进烟草使用减少。 China has promoted tobacco control for nearly two decades since adopting the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006. A series of policies have been carried out, such as banning tobacco advertisements, raising tobacco taxes and enforcing public smoke-free rules. Guided by the Healthy China Initiative (2019-2030), the country aims to cut the smoking rate of people aged 15 and above to 20 percent by 2030. 自2006年采纳《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》以来，中国已持续推行烟草控制工作近二十年。政府实施了一系列政策措施，包括禁止烟草广告、提高烟草税以及严格执行公共场所无烟规定。根据《健康中国行动纲要（2019–2030年）》，中国目标是在2030年前将15岁及以上人群的吸烟率降至20%。 Remarkable progress has been achieved. The national smoking rate dropped from 28.1 percent in 2010 to 23.2 percent in 2024. Major cities including Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing have already fulfilled the 2030 target in advance. For its outstanding efforts, Shenzhen was awarded the 2026 World No Tobacco Day Award by the WHO China Representative Office. 我国在控烟方面取得了显著进展：全国吸烟率从2010年的28.1%降至2024年的23.2%；深圳、上海和北京等主要城市已提前实现2030年目标。鉴于其卓越贡献，深圳市荣获世界卫生组织中国代表处颁发的2026年世界无烟日奖。 However, tough challenges remain. Experts point out that the decline of the smoking rate has slowed greatly after 2022. Besides, many residents lack systematic knowledge of smoking hazards and secondhand smoke risks. Common misconceptions still exist, such as overestimating ventilation effects and ignoring e-cigarette harm. 然而，仍面临诸多严峻挑战。专家指出，吸烟率的下降速度在2022年后已显著放缓。此外，许多居民对吸烟危害及二手烟风险缺乏系统性认知；普遍存在的误解依然存在，例如高估通风效果或忽视电子烟的危害性。 To further advance tobacco control, China will standardize community quitting services, expand smoke-free campus programs and integrate more medical resources in 2026. With joint efforts of communities and society, the country will continuously optimize public health environments. 为进一步推进烟草控制工作，中国计划于2026年规范社区戒烟服务、扩大无烟校园项目规模并整合更多医疗资源。通过社区与全社会的共同努力，该国将持续优化公共卫生环境。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1.automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ adj. 自动化的 2.assessment /əˈsesmənt/ n. 评估，评价 3.monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/ v. 监控，监测 4.accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 易获取的，可使用的 5.initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议，新方案 6.awareness /əˈweənəs/ n. 意识，认识 7.enforce /ɪnˈfɔːs/ v. 执行，强制实施 8.fulfill /fʊlˈfɪl/ v. 完成，履行，实现 9.overestimate /ˌəʊvərˈestɪmeɪt/ v. 高估 10.standardize /ˈstændədaɪz/ v. 使标准化 11.integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/ v. 整合，融合 12.optimize /ˈɒptɪmaɪz/ v. 优化 【词库·拓维】 1. cessation /seˈseɪʃn/ n. 停止，终止 The cessation of smoking helps lung recovery. 戒烟有助于肺部恢复。 2. exhaled /ɪkˈheɪld/ adj. 呼出的 We test harmful substances in exhaled air. 我们检测呼出气体中的有害物质。 3. carbon monoxide levels n. 一氧化碳浓度 High carbon monoxide levels are dangerous to health. 过高的一氧化碳浓度会危害健康。 4. relapse /rɪˈlæps/ n. 复发（多指重新吸烟、旧病复发） Many smokers face relapse after quitting briefly. 许多吸烟者短暂戒烟后会复吸。 5. incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/ n. 激励，奖励，诱因 The hospital offers small incentives for people to stop smoking. 医院为戒烟人群提供小额激励。 6. hazard /ˈhæzədz/ n. 隐患，危害 Cigarettes bring many hidden health hazards. 香烟会带来诸多健康隐患。 7. misconception /ˌmɪskənˈsepʃn/ n. 误解，错误观念 It’s a common misconception that light cigarettes are harmless. 淡香烟无害是一种普遍的错误认知。 8. ventilation /ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən/ n .空气流通, 通风设备, 通风方法, Factories must check their ventilation systems regularly. 工厂必须定期检修通风系统。 【长句·解码】 原句1： The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services, covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far. 1. 语法解析： 句子主干：The system helps doctors screen first-time patients for smoking history and offers targeted quitting services，主语是The system；谓语是helps... and offers(两个并列谓语)；宾语是doctors和 targeted quitting services；screen first-time patients for smoking history是动词短语作doctors的宾补。 伴随状语：covering more than 13 million people and benefiting over 10,000 smokers so far是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示主句动作带来的结果。 2.翻译技巧 1） and 连接两个谓语，拆分成独立小分句，中文加衔接词：同时、此外、还，并。 2）句尾 covering... and benefiting... 是现在分词，英文习惯把结果放句尾，中文要断开，单独起一句交代成效。 标准翻译：该系统协助医生筛查初诊患者的吸烟史，并配套提供个性化戒烟干预服务；项目现已覆盖 1300 余万人群，累计惠及上万名烟民。 3.仿写练习 这款软件帮助老师批改学生作业并提供线上习题，至今已覆盖 2000 名学生，节省了大量时间。 The app helps teachers check students’ homework and offers online exercises, covering 2,000 students and saving lots of time so far. 原句2： Compared with specialized hospitals, community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers, especially those who never take the initiative to seek professional help. 1. 语法解析： 句子主干：community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers，主语：community institutions；谓语：can reach; 宾语：more ordinary smokers；状语：Compared with specialized hospitals，过去分词短语作比较状语；同位语：especially those ，补充说明ordinary smokers； 定语从句：who never take the initiative to seek professional help，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。 2.翻译技巧 技巧 1：分词状语前置，顺译不调整语序 英文 Compared with... 放在句首作比较状语，中文同样习惯把 “与…… 相比” 放在句最开头，无需倒装。 技巧 2：英文长定语 who never take the initiative to seek professional help 跟在 those 后，中文翻译放在those前。 especially those who...单独成句，顺译置后。 标准翻译：与专科医院相比，社区机构能够覆盖更多普通吸烟者，尤其是那些从未主动寻求专业帮助的人群。 3.仿写练习 和厚书籍相比，短篇文章更受忙碌读者欢迎，尤其是空闲时间很少的人。 Compared with thick books, short articles attract more busy readers, especially those who have little free time. 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. What advantage do community health centers have over specialized hospitals in smoking control? A. They offer more professional medical equipment. B. They can serve more people who refuse active medical help. C. They provide longer-term follow-up assessment. D. They are funded by the WHO health program. 2. The word “relapse” in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______. A. giving up smoking B. falling ill again C. starting smoking again D. recovering slowly 3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 6? A. People have fully realized the harm of e-cigarettes. B. Tobacco control progress meets certain bottlenecks. C. The smoking rate will stop declining in the future. D. Ventilation can effectively remove smoke-related harm. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards China’s tobacco control future? A. Doubtful B. Objective and hopeful C. Completely negative D. Uninterested 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文以深圳社区智能戒烟服务为切入点，介绍全国社区控烟惠民举措，客观说明我国控烟取得的显著成效，同时指出现存认知难题，并介绍 2026 年完善基层健康服务的规划，体现民生健康建设成果。 【解析】 1.B 细节理解题 根据第3段 “Compared with specialized hospitals, community institutions can reach more ordinary smokers, especially those who never take the initiative to seek professional help.（与专科医院相比，社区医疗机构能够覆盖更多普通吸烟者，尤其是那些从未主动寻求专业帮助的群体。）”可知，社区医疗机构的核心优势是覆盖从不主动就医的普通吸烟者，覆盖人群更广。 错项拆解： A：文中未提及社区设备更专业，无中生有； C：长短随访是通用服务，并非社区独有优势； D：深圳获奖，但WHO并未提供资金支持，曲解文意。 2. C 词义猜测题 根据第二段 Medical workers track their progress strictly at fixed intervals, including seven days, one month, six months and one year after quitting. Key health indicators such as lung function and exhaled carbon monoxide levels are continuously monitored to reduce relapse risks.（医务人员会在戒烟后的固定时间点（包括7天、1个月、6个月和1年）严格追踪其康复进展。同时持续监测肺功能、呼出气一氧化碳浓度等关键健康指标，....）可知，讲述戒烟后的定期监测，目的是降低“复吸”风险。relapse 本义为“（不良习惯、疾病）复发”，本文特指戒烟后再次吸烟，即复吸。 错项拆解：A是戒烟，与文意相反；B、D偏离文章控烟主题，范围过大。 3. B 推理判断题 根据第6段 “However, tough challenges remain. Experts point out that the decline of the smoking rate has slowed greatly after 2022. Besides, many residents lack systematic knowledge of smoking hazards and secondhand smoke risks. Common misconceptions still exist, such as overestimating ventilation effects and ignoring e-cigarette harm.(然而，仍面临严峻挑战。专家指出，吸烟率的下降速度在2022年后显著放缓；此外，许多居民对吸烟危害及二手烟风险缺乏系统性认知，普遍存在一些误解，例如高估通风效果或忽视电子烟的伤害。)”可知，第六段转折指出控烟增速放缓、民众认知误区多，说明控烟工作遭遇瓶颈，属于合理隐性推断。 错项拆解： A：与原文“ignoring e-cigarette harm”完全相反； C：绝对化表述，原文仅放缓，并非停止下降； D：原文说明这是大众错误认知，并非事实。 4. B 态度判断题 根据最后一段To further advance tobacco control, China will standardize community quitting services, expand smoke-free campus programs and integrate more medical resources in 2026. With joint efforts of communities and society, the country will continuously optimize public health environments.（为进一步推进烟草控制工作，中国计划于2026年规范社区戒烟服务、扩大无烟校园项目规模并整合更多医疗资源。通过社区与全社会的共同努力，该国将持续优化公共卫生环境。）可知，作者既不盲目乐观，也不消极否定，态度客观且充满希望。 错项拆解：A怀疑、C完全消极、D漠视，均与文末积极展望完全不符。 二．语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 To improve public health and safeguard people’s well-being, Shenzhen has launched intelligent smoking cessation intervention systems in over 1,000 community health centers across the city, 1 ______ (make) professional tobacco control services far more accessible to ordinary citizens. The intelligent system is specially designed 2 ______ (screen) every first-time patient for potential smoking history during routine physical examinations. It automatically pops up reminders for doctors to inquire about patients’ smoking habits and their willingness to quit smoking. Smokers 3 ______ are determined to give up smoking will be enrolled in personalized long-term guidance programs. Professional medical workers will track their quitting progress at fixed intervals, strictly monitoring key health indicators to keep their physical condition 4 ______ (health). Different from large specialized hospitals, community clinics can offer timely and low-cost support to people in need, especially those who rarely take the initiative to seek medical help. Since China signed and adopted the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, the country 5 ______ (adopt) a wide range of effective tobacco control policies. Strict measures including tobacco advertising bans, higher tobacco taxes and public smoke-free regulations have been carried out nationwide. Thanks to decades of continuous efforts, the national smoking rate has declined steadily,6 ______ several major cities including Shenzhen and Beijing achieving the 2030 health target ahead of schedule. Nevertheless, public health experts point out that obvious 7 ______ (challenge) still exist in current tobacco control work. Many local residents lack systematic knowledge of tobacco hazards and hold wrong beliefs. 8_____ is common that some people falsely believe that indoor ventilation can eliminate smoke harm and e-cigarettes are harmless alternatives to traditional cigarettes, which greatly hinders the promotion of smoke-free public environments. In 2026, China will further optimize grassroots public health services. More professional medical resources and traditional Chinese medicine therapies will be integrated into community smoking cessation programs to build a 9 ______ (true) efficient tobacco control system. Joint efforts from communities, schools and families will definitely build a healthier living environment for 10 ______ whole society. 【答案】 1.making 2.to screen 3. who/that 4. healthy 5. has adopted 6.with 7. challenges 8. It 9. truly 10. the 【解析】 1. making（非谓语动词｜现在分词作结果状语） 解析：句中已有谓语has launched，无连词，空处在句中做状语，因make与句子主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语，深圳推行系统，从而让健康服务更普及。 2. to screen（非谓语动词｜固定搭配） 解析：be designed to do sth. 为高考高频固定搭配，意为“旨在/目的是做某事”。 3. who/that（定语从句关系代词） 解析：因句中有两个谓语动词 are determined 和will be enrolled,但没有并列连词and来连接，所以应该是从句，设空处位于名词后，是定语从句，先行词为Smokers（人），从句缺主语，用who/that引导限制性定语从句。 4. healthy（形容词考点｜宾语补足语） 解析：keep + 宾语 + adj. 固定结构，意为“使某物保持某种状态”，将名词health变形为形容词healthy。 5. has adopted（时态｜现在完成时） 解析：Since+过去时间点，主句必须用现在完成时，强调动作从过去持续到现在。 6. with（介词｜with复合结构） 解析：with + 名词 + doing 独立结构作伴随状语，为高考高频无谓语句式。 7. challenges（名词单复数） 解析：设空处在句中作主语，前有形容词obvious修饰，所以应该用名词，challenge为可数名词，此处指以前的挑战（不仅仅是一个挑战），应该用复数形式challenges。 8. It （代词｜形式主语） 解析：it 是形式主语，that 引导从句是真正的主语， 固定句型：It is +adj.+that从句，因位于句首，it首字母要大写。 9. truly（副词考点｜修饰形容词） 解析：副词truly修饰后面的形容词efficient，构成副词+形容词修饰结构。 10. the（冠词考点｜固定搭配） 解析：the whole society 为特指“全社会”，特指需用定冠词the。 三．应用文写作 假定你是李华，你所在社区正在推进无烟社区建设，但不少居民对吸烟危害、电子烟误区认知不足。请你给社区居委会写一封建议信， 内容包括： 1. 现状问题（居民健康认知薄弱、存在错误观念）； 2. 具体改进建议（健康宣讲、便民戒烟服务、公共场所管控）； 3. 表达期待。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 开头，结尾已给。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to offer some practical suggestions on promoting smoke-free environment and improving community public health. Firstly, more smoking cessation lectures should be held to educate residents about the harm of smoking and secondhand smoke. Many people still hold wrong opinions about e-cigarettes and ventilation effects, so systematic health knowledge is badly needed. Secondly, community health centers should provide free regular physical checks and personalized quitting guidance for smokers. Thirdly, strict no-smoking signs can be placed in public areas to regulate citizens’ behavior. I firmly believe that joint efforts can greatly improve our public health conditions. Thank you for your consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 1． 阅读理解 A （2026·浙江·模拟） At 56, I am beginning to feel the physical effects of ageing. I won’t bore you with the details, but none of them is great fun. Yet researchers now suggest that one of the most damaging effects may not be physical at all. It may begin with how people come to see ageing itself. They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one’s own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them. Over time, they can become part of how people see themselves. Once that happens, behaviour may change: a person who expects decline may exercise less, pay less attention to diet, and treat every sign of weakness as proof of something worse. Research shows that internalised ageism can affect how people age. A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views. Crucially, researchers ruled out the simpler explanation — poor health did not simply cause pessimism. Instead, a person’s attitude at the  start predicted how their health changed over time. Becca Levy at YaleSchool of Public Health found further support: among people over 65 with mild memory problems, those with a positive outlook were far more likely to recover. Her research also shows that such negative thinking generates over three million extra disease cases in the US each year, at a combined cost of over eleven billion dollars. Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root. A partial answer exists. Research shows attitudes towards ageing can shift through positive messages. But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows. I’m not going to let it get me down. Instead, I’m going to try to make my own ageing process great fun. 1．What is the root cause of internalized ageism? A．Less attention to exercise and diet. B．Gradual loss of learning capability. C．Constant fear over physical decline. D．Repeated exposure to age prejudice. 2．What can we learn about ageing from the Harvard study? A．Attitude affects the rate of ageing. B．Pessimism results from faster ageing. C．Mindset alone defines ageing process. D．Healthy habits promise slower ageing. 3．Why is internalised ageism hard to change? A．Its roots take time to appear. B．It is backed by professionals. C．Its sources are widely varied. D．It is established as a social norm. 4．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．Age Prejudice: A Long Battle for Society B．The Elderly: A Group Misunderstood by Society C．Social Messages: A Silent Force Behind Age Bias D．Negative Expectations: A Hidden Threat in Ageing 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文指出内化年龄歧视（即因年龄而对自身健康持有负面预期）是衰老过程中极具破坏性的隐藏威胁；研究表明积极的心态能延缓身心衰退，而负面思维会导致健康问题和巨大的社会成本；内化年龄歧视源于社会广泛传播的负面老年形象，虽然改变这种观念需要时间，但我们可以通过积极的态度让衰老过程变得更美好。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“They call it internalised ageism: the tendency to hold negative expectations about one's own health simply because of age. When older adults are repeatedly assumed to be slow, forgetful, or incapable of learning, such ideas do not always stay outside them.(他们称之为内化年龄歧视：仅仅因为年龄就对自身健康持有负面预期的倾向。当老年人反复被认为行动迟缓、健忘或没有学习能力时，这些观念并不总是停留在他们的外部。)”以及第四段第一句“Yet internalised ageism doesn’t just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals.(然而，内化年龄歧视并非仅仅源于内心。关于老年人的负面形象通过媒体、广告甚至医疗专业人员的建议传播开来。)”可知，内化年龄歧视的根本原因是反复接触年龄偏见。 2． 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“A Harvard study found that older adults with the most positive views showed slower physical and mental decline and kept healthier habits than those with the most negative views.(哈佛大学的一项研究发现，心态最积极的老年人比心态最消极的老年人身心衰退速度更慢，且能保持更健康的习惯。)”可知，态度会影响衰老的速度。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Yet internalised ageism doesn't just come from within. Negative images of older people spread through the media, advertising, and even the advice of medical professionals. Because these messages appear so naturally in daily life, they are seldom questioned. By the time most people notice them, they have already taken root.(然而，内化年龄歧视并非仅仅源于内心。关于老年人的负面形象通过媒体、广告甚至医疗专业人员的建议传播开来。因为这些信息在日常生活中显得如此自然，所以很少有人质疑它们。当大多数人注意到它们的时候，它们已经根深蒂固了。)”以及第五段第二句“But changing deeply held beliefs takes generations, as the long struggle against racial prejudice shows.(但改变根深蒂固的观念需要几代人的时间，正如反对种族偏见的长期斗争所表明的那样。)”可知，内化年龄歧视难以改变是因为它已经成为一种被广泛接受的社会规范。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕“内化年龄歧视”展开，指出它是衰老过程中极具破坏性的隐藏威胁，分析了其成因、危害和应对方法。D项“负面预期：衰老中的隐藏威胁”最能概括文章主旨。 B （2026·原创） Researchers from UC Berkeley discovered the brain circuitry linking deep sleep and growth hormone secretion（分泌）, revealing a mutual regulating feedback loop. This finding answers why poor sleep damages growth, muscle recovery, fat metabolism and brain function. Sound sleep triggers growth hormone production, which strengthens bones and muscles, burns fat and promotes healthy development. Athletes rely on deep sleep for recovery, while teens need sufficient sleep to grow to their full height. Scientists already knew growth hormone peaks during deep non-REM sleep, but the precise brain control system had long been a mystery. The study published in Cell mapped key brain circuits and a brand-new balance feedback system. This breakthrough clarifies the sleep-hormone connection and paves the way for new treatments for sleep trouble, diabetes and neurodegenerative（神经组织退化的） illnesses like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s. Earlier studies only tested hormone levels via blood samples. This team monitored live mouse brain nerves to draw the complete regulatory circuit, creating a foundation for future medical therapies. Since growth hormone controls sugar and fat breakdown, lasting sleep shortage increases risks of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Hormone-regulating neurons（神经元） lie in the hypothalamus（下丘脑）: GHRH neurons boost hormone release, while two kinds of somatostatin（生长激素抑制素） neurons block it. After release, growth hormone activates the locus coeruleus（蓝斑） in the brainstem, a zone that controls alertness and thinking. Its failure connects to many mental and nerve disorders. In mouse tests using electrodes（电极）and light stimulation, researchers found GHRH and somatostatin behave differently in separate sleep stages. The newly discovered feedback cycle centers on the locus coeruleus: accumulated growth hormone arouses the brain, yet overstimulation causes sleepiness. It creates a balanced circle — sleep loss lowers growth hormone, and too much hormone pushes the brain awake. This balance is vital for growth, tissue repair and metabolic health. Beyond physical development, growth hormone keeps the locus coeruleus active to support daytime focus and cognition. Scientists say this brain circuit can guide precise gene and hormone therapies, offering new hope for people with sleep and metabolic diseases. 5.Why do teenagers need enough deep sleep according to the text? A. It helps them reduce mental illnesses completely. B. It encourages growth hormone for full physical height. B. It activates the locus coeruleus to cure diabetes. D. It balances somatostatin to stop fat metabolism. 6. What can we infer about the previous studies on growth hormone? A. They tracked live neural activity in mouse brains. B. They fully uncovered the brain’s regulatory circuit. C. They only examined hormone levels through blood tests. D. They invented new therapies for sleep disorders. 7. What does the underlined word “it” in the sixth paragraph refer to? A. The locus coeruleus B. The feedback cycle C. Overstimulation D. Growth hormone 8. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How researchers carry out mouse brain experiments with electrodes. B. The bad influences of long-term poor sleep on human metabolism. C. A new brain circuit discovery explaining the sleep-growth hormone feedback loop and its medical value. D. Differences between REM sleep and non-REM sleep in hormone production. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8. C 【导语】本文一篇说明文，介绍加州伯克利大学一项新研究，发现了调控深度睡眠与生长激素分泌的大脑神经回路及二者双向调节的反馈循环，阐释睡眠不足对人体生长、代谢、大脑机能的负面影响，讲解相关小鼠实验过程与调控机理，并说明该研究成果为睡眠障碍、糖尿病、神经退行性疾病的新型治疗方案提供重要科研依据。 【详解】 5.B 细节理解题。 根据第二段中Sound sleep triggers growth hormone production, which strengthens bones and muscles, burns fat and promotes healthy development. Athletes rely on deep sleep for recovery, while teens need sufficient sleep to grow to their full height.（优质睡眠会促进生长激素分泌，该激素能强健骨骼肌肉、燃烧脂肪并助力身体健康发育。运动员依靠深度睡眠恢复体能，青少年则需要充足睡眠才能长到理想身高。）可知， 充足优质睡眠会刺激生长激素分泌，帮助青少年充分长高。故选B（它能促进生长激素分泌，从而实现理想的身高增长。 其他选项：A它有助于完全缓解精神疾病；表述绝对，文中仅提及相关神经失调会诱发精神疾病，无法完全治愈；C可激活蓝斑以治疗糖尿病；项曲解文意，蓝斑核仅参与激素调节，不能直接治愈糖尿病；D它能调节生长抑素水平，抑制脂肪代谢；项逻辑相反，生长激素负责脂肪代谢，并非阻断代谢。 6.C 细节理解题。 根据第四段中Previous research only measured hormone levels through blood tests via blood samples.（以往的研究仅通过血液样本检测激素水平。）可知，以往相关研究仅通过血液检测测量激素水平，并未实时追踪活体神经活动。故选C（他们仅通过血液检测来测定激素水平）。其他选项：A. 他们追踪了小鼠大脑中的实时神经活动。 B. 他们全面揭示了大脑的调控回路。 D. 他们开发了治疗睡眠障碍的新疗法。A、B 两项均为本次新研究采取的实验手段，不属于早期研究；D 项时态错误，新研究仅为后续疗法奠定理论基础，尚未研发出成熟治疗方案。 7.B 指代判断题。代词 it 指代前文刚出现的单数核心名词，前一句主干为 The newly discovered feedback cycle centers on the locus coeruleus，后文 “creates a balanced circle（形成平衡循环）” 正是对 feedback cycle（反馈循环）功能的解释，语义完全对应。 逐项排除: A. The locus coeruleus（蓝斑）：只是该循环的核心载体，并非能够形成平衡循环的主体，逻辑不符。 B. The feedback cycle（反馈循环）：前文介绍这个新发现的循环，后文介绍它产生平衡闭环，指代匹配，为正确答案。 C. Overstimulation（过度刺激）：仅分句里的细节，只会引发困倦，无法构建平衡循环，排除。 D. Growth hormone（生长激素）：激素只是循环中的一种物质，单独激素不能形成整套平衡机制，排除。 8.C 主旨大意题。 全文围绕加州伯克利大学的全新科研成果展开，介绍了调节深度睡眠与生长激素的大脑回路、双向反馈机制，同时阐述该发现对代谢、神经类疾病治疗的医学价值。根据第一段 Researchers from UC Berkeley discovered the brain circuitry linking deep sleep and growth hormone secretion, revealing a mutual regulating feedback loop.（加州大学伯克利分校的研究者发现了连接深度睡眠与生长激素分泌的大脑神经回路，揭示出二者相互调节的反馈循环。）和最后一段 Scientists say this brain circuit can guide precise gene and hormone therapies, offering new hope for people with sleep and metabolic diseases. （专家表示，该神经回路可为精准基因与激素疗法提供方向，为睡眠及代谢疾病患者带来新希望。）可知，本文介绍了调节深度睡眠与生长激素的大脑回路、双向反馈机制，同时阐述该发现对代谢、神经类疾病治疗的医学价值。故选C（一项新的脑回路发现，阐明了睡眠-生长激素反馈环及其医学价值）。 其他选项：A. 研究人员如何使用电极进行小鼠脑部实验。 B. 长期睡眠不足对人类代谢产生的不良影响。 D. 深度睡眠（REM睡眠）与非深度睡眠（非REM睡眠）在激素分泌方面的差异。A、B、D 三项均为文章局部细节，无法概括全文核心内容。 C （2026·原创） With more than 40% of American teenagers reporting continuous feelings of sadness and hopelessness, the adolescent mental health crisis has aroused wide public concern. Child psychologist Kenneth Barish firmly believes that grandparents can serve as a vital and effective solution to this serious social problem. As a clinical professor at Weill Cornell Medicine, Barish states that the decreasing participation of extended families largely accounts for the worsening youth mental crisis. He argues that modern parents raise children with far less support from relatives and communities than before, while children are intrinsically in need of grandparents’ companionship and guidance. In his new book, based on his 40 years of clinical experience, neuroscience findings and child development studies, he illustrates that grandparents play an irreplaceable role in helping families cope with various modern parenting challenges. Barish attributes teenagers’ mental struggles to prevailing social problems. For decades, American society has prioritized individual achievement over community connection. The widespread pursuit of personal success has gradually eroded children’s kindness and sense of responsibility. Extreme academic and competitive pressure has caused soaring cases of anxiety, depression and even substance abuse among teenagers, especially in affluent communities. He insists that personal achievement alone cannot sustain long-term motivation and brings huge mental pressure. Instead, helping others balances children’s emotions, improves self-esteem, reduces depression and benefits physical health. Grandparents offer unique emotional support that parents can hardly provide. They deliver countless tiny but precious moments of encouragement, attention and understanding, which Barish defines as “molecules of emotional health”. These warm interactions build teenagers’ “emotional immune systems”, protecting them from negative emotions and loneliness. Besides, playful interactions and sincere recognition of children’s interests help build their emotional resilience and solid family bonds. Additionally, Barish reminds families of the harm of excessive criticism. Frequent blame leads to children’s resentment and resistance, destroying their initiative. He advocates praising children’s efforts and learning progress rather than their innate talent or grades, following the growth mindset theory. He also recommends solving family problems through cooperation and giving children chances to adjust, instead of punishment. Ultimately, healthy youth growth relies less on skill teaching and more on fostering inner confidence, emotional strength and warm relationships. With sufficient family care and a clear sense of purpose, teenagers can bravely overcome setbacks, treat others with kindness and pursue future life goals with lasting enthusiasm. 9.What is the main cause of the worsening teenagers’ mental crisis according to Barish? A. Too much care from grandparents in extended families B. Less support from relatives and communities for modern parents C. Teenagers’ lack of desire for personal achievement D. The decreasing academic competition among students 10.What does the phrase “molecules of emotional health” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The warm small interactions given by grandparents B. Medical drugs used to treat teenage depression C. Teenagers’ built-in ability to fight loneliness D. Scientific research results on mental illnesses 11.What can we learn about Barish’s parenting advice? A. Parents should praise kids’ natural talent and high exam scores B. Punishment is the best way to deal with teenagers’ mistakes C. Constant blame will make kids full of anger and unwilling to obey D. Teenagers should focus only on personal success to stay motivated 12.What is the author’s main opinion about teenagers’ healthy development? A. Teenagers should master various practical life skills at an early age. B. Inner mental quality and good connections matter more than skill training. C. Clear life goals are the most important factor for teenagers to beat difficulties. D. Family care can solve all the emotional troubles faced by young people. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章围绕美国青少年普遍存在心理危机这一社会热点，引用心理学家巴利什的研究观点，分析青少年焦虑抑郁频发的社会根源，重点论述祖父母的陪伴与情感关怀对修复青少年心理、建立情绪抵抗力的不可替代作用，同时给出科学家庭教育建议，提出充足家庭温情与内在信念才是青少年健康成长的核心。 【详解】 9.B 细节理解题。 根据第二段中Barish states that the decreasing participation of extended families largely accounts for the worsening youth mental crisis. He argues that modern parents raise children with far less support from relatives and communities than before.(巴利什表示，大家庭参与度降低是青少年心理健康危机加剧的主要原因。他提出，现代父母养育孩子时，从亲友和社区获得的支持远少于从前。)可知，原文明确说明青少年心理问题加剧核心原因是父母缺少亲友、社区帮扶。B项符合题意。A 与原文相反，祖父母陪伴是解决方案而非问题；C 逻辑颠倒，社会过度追求个人成就才造成压力；D 和原文 “激烈学业竞争诱发抑郁焦虑” 内容相悖。 10.A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中They deliver countless tiny but precious moments of encouragement, attention and understanding, which Barish defines as “molecules of emotional health”（祖父母给予无数细碎却珍贵的鼓励、关注与理解瞬间，巴利什将这些定义为 “心理健康分子”。）可知，which 指代前文祖父母带来的温暖微小互动，这就是短语指代内容。B 文中无药物相关内容；C “情绪自愈力” 是这些互动带来的结果，不是短语含义；D 和语境完全无关。 11.C 推理判断题。 根据第五段中Frequent blame breeds children’s resentment and resistance, destroying their initiative. （频繁的指责会滋生孩子的怨恨与叛逆，磨灭他们的主动性。）可知，resentment 意为怨恨，resistance 意为反抗，对应选项中 full of anger and unwilling to obey。A 与原文 “夸赞努力而非天赋分数” 相反；D 违背作者观点，单一追求成就只会带来心理压力；B 错误，作者反对惩罚，提倡合作沟通。 12.B 作者态度题。根据最后一段Ultimately, healthy youth growth relies less on skill teaching and more on fostering inner confidence, emotional strength and warm relationships. With sufficient family care and a clear sense of purpose, teenagers can bravely overcome setbacks, treat others with kindness and pursue future life goals with lasting enthusiasm. （归根结底，青少年的健康成长更少依赖技能教学，更重在培养内在自信、情绪力量与和睦的人际关系。充足的家庭关怀和清晰的目标感，能让青少年勇敢克服挫折、友善待人，长久满怀热情追逐人生目标。）可知，作者认为内在心理素质和良好人际关系比技能培养更为重要。故选B（内在心理素质与良好人际关系比技能培养更为重要）。 A （青少年应当在年少时掌握各类实用生活技能。）侧重技能学习，与原文主次关系相反；C（清晰的人生目标是青少年战胜困难最重要的因素。） 说法太绝对，夸大人生目标的作用，只是文中次要细节；D（家庭关怀能够解决年轻人面临的所有情绪困扰。） 含绝对词 all，原文无完全解决情绪问题的表述，三项均不符合作者核心观点。 2． 七选五 （2026·陕西商洛·模拟预测） In recent years, weight training has experienced an increase in popularity. Whether you’re a seasoned gym goer or someone new to fitness, it’s hard to ignore the growing enthusiasm surrounding weight training. 1 This article explores the reasons, helping you understand why so many people are embracing weight training like never before. The explosion of fitness technology has played a significant role in popularizing weight training. Wearable devices, apps, and online platforms now provide detailed data analysis, helping you track your progress and tailor your workouts. 2 With access to real-time feedback, you can fine-tune your technique and make consistent gains. 3 Fitness culture has undergone a great change, with a growing emphasis on strength and performance over aesthetics (美感). Social media platforms have contributed to this shift by showcasing a diverse range of athletes, trainers, and enthusiasts who celebrate strength and functionality. Another key driver behind the rise in weight training is the growing body of research highlighting its health benefits. Studies have shown that strength training can improve bone density, enhance metabolic health, and reduce the risk of chronic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. 4 Weight training doesn’t just improve physical health; it also offers significant mental health benefits. Lifting weights can help reduce stress, boost self-confidence, and improve mood. The focus required to perform lifts with proper form provides a meditative (冥想的) quality. 5 Additionally, the sense of accomplishment that comes with achieving a new personal record or mastering a challenging movement can be incredibly empowering. A．You may wonder what has caused this shift. B．This allows you to escape from daily distractions. C．A shift in fitness culture is also an important reason. D．People’s attitudes toward the exercising have changed. E．Smart gym equipment allows for more precise training. F．Additionally, maintaining muscle mass is crucial for healthy aging. G．Therefore, people can try to improve mental health through weight training. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．B 【导语】主要说明了近年力量训练热度大涨，得益于健身科技发展、健身文化转变，它既能强身防病，也能舒缓情绪、调节心态，深受大众喜爱。 【详解】 1.．根据上文“In recent years, weight training has experienced an increase in popularity. Whether you’re a seasoned gym goer or someone new to fitness, it’s hard to ignore the growing enthusiasm surrounding weight training. (近年来，力量训练的受欢迎程度有了显著提升。无论是经验丰富的健身爱好者，还是初次接触健身的人，都无法忽视围绕力量训练日益高涨的热情。)”以及后文“This article explores the reasons, helping you understand why so many people are embracing weight training like never before. (这篇文章探讨了其中的原因，有助于您理解为何如今有如此多的人开始热衷于进行重量训练。)”可知，前文提到重量训练越来越受欢迎，后文说本文探究背后原因，A选项“你可能好奇是什么导致了这种趋势转变。”完美衔接，承上启下引出原因分析。 2．根据上文“The explosion of fitness technology has played a significant role in popularizing weight training. Wearable devices, apps, and online platforms now provide detailed data analysis, helping you track your progress and tailor your workouts. (健身技术的迅猛发展在推广重量训练方面发挥了重要作用。如今，可穿戴设备、应用程序和在线平台能够提供详尽的数据分析，帮助你追踪训练进度并调整锻炼计划。)”以及后文“With access to real-time feedback, you can fine-tune your technique and make consistent gains. (有了实时反馈的支持，您便能够不断优化自己的技巧，并持续取得进步。)”可知，本段核心讲健身科技对重量训练的推动，前文提到智能可穿戴设备、健身APP等科技产品，后文提到实时反馈调整动作，E选项“智能健身设备让训练更精准。”衔接科技与精准训练的逻辑。 3．根据后文“Fitness culture has undergone a great change, with a growing emphasis on strength and performance over aesthetics (美感). Social media platforms have contributed to this shift by showcasing a diverse range of athletes, trainers, and enthusiasts who celebrate strength and functionality. (健身文化发生了巨大的变化，如今更加强调力量和表现力而非美感。社交媒体平台也促成了这一转变，它们展示了各种各样的运动员、教练和爱好者，他们都崇尚力量和实用性。)”可知，整段讲健身文化的转变，C选项“健身文化的转变也是一个重要原因。”正好总领全段，符合段落主旨。 4．根据上文“Another key driver behind the rise in weight training is the growing body of research highlighting its health benefits. Studies have shown that strength training can improve bone density, enhance metabolic health, and reduce the risk of chronic conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. (力量训练需求量增加的另一个关键因素是越来越多的研究表明其具有诸多健康益处。研究表明，力量训练能够提高骨密度、改善代谢健康状况，并降低患糖尿病和心血管疾病等慢性疾病的风险。)”可知，本段讲重量训练对身体健康的好处，前文已经列举了增强骨密度、降低慢性病风险等好处，F选项“此外，保持肌肉量对健康老龄化至关重要。”是对健康好处的补充，逻辑通顺。 5．根据上文“Weight training doesn’t just improve physical health; it also offers significant mental health benefits. Lifting weights can help reduce stress, boost self-confidence, and improve mood. The focus required to perform lifts with proper form provides a meditative (冥想的) quality. (力量训练不仅能提升身体健康状况，还能带来显著的心理健康益处。进行重量训练能够帮助减轻压力、增强自信心并改善情绪。正确姿势下进行举重所需的专注力能带来一种冥想般的体验。)”前文提到举重要集中注意力，有冥想的效果，B选项“这能让你远离日常干扰。”指代前文的冥想式专注，承接自然，再引出后文另一个心理健康好处。 三．完形填空 （2026高三·湖南·阶段检测） Most of us are bad at predicting what will make us happy, including the world’s best athletes. Four years ago, Swiss skier Mathilde Gremaud won gold at just 22 at the Beijing Winter Olympics. But within a month, her joy had 1 . “There’s nothing left,” she said. “It was super 2 .” Gremaud is far from an isolated case. Researchers have found that a significant number of Olympians 3 from a phenomenon called the post-Olympic blues — a(n) 4 crash following the Games. For decades, scientists have sought to 5 why this happens. The answer starts with a simple but 6 fact: people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy. One of the main reasons for this is a cognitive 7 known as “focalism” — the tendency to focus 8 on big, life-changing events while 9 all the smaller, everyday aspects of life. When we imagine happiness, we tend to think of 10 moments: a championship, a promotion, a dream vacation. But here is what researchers have actually discovered: how good your experiences are doesn’t 11 nearly as much as how many good experiences you have. The 12 of small, positive moments is a far better 13 of overall happiness than the intensity of a single great event. 14 , happiness is not one big victory. It is the 15 of hundreds of small things. 1．A．disappeared B．multiplied C．lessened D．collapsed 2．A．tiring B．empty C．lonely D．meaningless 3．A．escape B．recover C．benefit D．suffer 4．A．emotional B．physical C．sudden D．financial 5．A．carry out B．point out C．figure out D．rule out 6．A．apparent B．surprising C．remarkable D．well-known 7．A．bias B．ability C．error D．blindness 8．A．narrowly B．broadly C．briefly D．casually 9．A．balancing B．remembering C．ignoring D．overvaluing 10．A．memorable B．intense C．rare D．daily 11．A．differ B．matter C．improve D．bother 12．A．duration B．quality C．frequency D．variety 13．A．result B．cause C．reminder D．predictor 14．A．Fortunately B．Similarly C．Obviously D．Actually 15．A．mixture B．outcome C．sum D．achievement 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．D 15．C 【导语】文章讲述了人们很难预判什么能带来快乐，以冬奥冠军赛后陷入情绪低谷为例，介绍了后奥运忧郁症，借助聚焦偏差分析成因，点明幸福感源于日常点滴美好，而非单次重大时刻。 【详解】 1．考查动词。句意：但不到一个月，她的喜悦感就消失了。A. disappeared消失；B. multiplied增加；C. lessened消退；D. collapsed崩溃。根据下文“There’s nothing left”可知，此处是指喜悦之情消失。 2．考查形容词。句意：这种感觉极度空虚。A. tiring累人的；B. empty空虚的；C. lonely孤独的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据上文“There’s nothing left”可知，此处是指心里空空的。 3．考查动词。句意：研究者已发现，大量奥运选手遭受一种叫“后奥运忧郁症”的现象困扰——这是赛事过后的情绪低谷。A. escape逃离；B. recover恢复；C. benefit受益；D. suffer遭受。根据下文“the post-Olympic blues”及“crash following the Games”可知，选手遭受这种负面状况，suffer from是固定搭配。 4．考查形容词。句意：同上。A. emotional情绪的；B. physical身体的；C. sudden突然的；D. financial经济的。根据上文“post-Olympic blues”可知，忧郁是情绪方面的问题。 5．考查动词短语。句意：几十年来，科学家一直试图弄明白这种现象出现的原因。A. carry out执行；B. point out指出；C. figure out弄明白；D. rule out排除。根据下文“why this happens”及“answer”可知，此处是指弄清楚成因。 6．考查形容词。句意：答案始于一个简单却令人吃惊的事实：人们真的不擅长预判什么能让自己快乐。A. apparent明显的；B. surprising令人吃惊的；C. remarkable非凡的；D. well-known众所周知的。根据上文“simple but”可知，but表转折，与简单形成反差的是令人惊讶的。 7．考查名词。句意：其中一个主要原因是一种被称为“聚焦偏差”的认知偏见——它往往会让人们狭隘地关注改变人生的重大事件，而忽略生活里所有更细碎、日常的方面。A. bias偏差；B. ability能力；C. error错误；D. blindness盲目。根据下文“Focalism”及“the tendency to focus ____ on big, life-changing events while ____ all the smaller, everyday aspects of life”可知，这是一种认知偏差。 8．考查副词。句意：同上。A. narrowly狭隘地；B. broadly广泛地；C. briefly短暂地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“Focalism”及下文“big, life-changing events while ____ all the smaller, everyday aspects of life”可知，该偏差使人目光局限在大事上。 9．考查动词。句意：同上。A. balancing平衡；B. remembering记得；C. ignoring忽略；D. overvaluing高估。根据上文“focus ____ on big, life-changing events”及“while”可知，此处是指忽视日常小事。 10．考查形容词。句意：当我们想象幸福时，往往会想到强烈的高光时刻：夺冠、升职、梦想中的度假旅行。A. memorable难忘的；B. intense强烈的；C. rare稀有的；D. daily日常的。根据下文“intensity of a single great event”可知，这些时刻情绪体验强烈。 11．考查动词。句意：但研究者实际发现：经历本身有多美好，远不如你拥有美好经历的频次重要。A. differ不同；B. matter重要；C. improve改善；D. bother困扰。根据下文“a far better ____ of overall happiness”可知，此处是指重要。 12．考查名词。句意：细碎积极瞬间的出现频次，比单次重大事件的强烈程度更能预测整体幸福感。A. duration时长；B. quality质量；C. frequency频次；D. variety多样。根据上文“how many good experiences you have”及下文“than the intensity of a single great event.”可知，此处是指频率。 13．考查名词。句意：同上。A. result结果；B. cause原因；C. reminder提醒；D. predictor指标。根据上文“people are really bad at predicting what will make them happy”可知，频次可以预判幸福感。 14．考查副词。句意：事实上，幸福不是一场盛大的胜利。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Similarly相似地；C. Obviously显然地；D. Actually事实上。根据上文“here is what researchers have actually discovered”、“than the intensity of a single great event”及下文“happiness is not one big victory.”可知，此处用Actually重申并强化研究结论。 15．考查名词。句意：幸福是数百件小事累积的总和。A. mixture混合；B. outcome结果；C. sum总和；D. achievement成就。根据上文“small, positive moments”及“not one big victory”可知，幸福由无数小事累积而成。 四．语法填空 （2026·原创） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning a new language or recovering speech ability may rely less on the brain's movement centers than scientists once 1. ______ (believe). New research suggests regions involving in processing sound and physical sensations play a far bigger role in speech learning and memory. The study, 2. ______ (conduct) by McGill and Yale researchers, could reshape our understanding of speech learning and advance brain-based communication technologies. For years, scientists thought speech learning mainly depended on motor areas 3.__________(control)facial, mouth and vocal movements. Yet new 4.__________ (result) prove auditory and somatosensory systems are critical for mastering speech patterns. “Neuroscience once treated frontal motor areas 5. ______ core movement controllers. This study shows speech learning is mostly sensory,” said psychology professor David Ostry. The findings may help build devices to restore speech for stroke survivors. 6.__________(compare) different brain regions, researchers adjusted participants’ speech in real time and played modified audio through headphones. They used TMS, 7. ______ harmless brain stimulation tool, to temporarily block three key areas: auditory cortex, somatosensory cortex and motor cortex. They tested participants’ memory of learned speech 24 hours later. Their reasoning was clear: disrupting vital brain areas would weaken memory retention, while unimportant ones would have little impact. Tests proved sensory processing was dominant. Blocking auditory or somatosensory cortex 8.__________(great) weakened learning memory, while interfering with the motor cortex barely worked. “This study opposes the view 9.__________speech memories only rely on motor regions. It highlights how auditory and somatosensory changes shape speech learning,” said co-author Nishant Rao. The paper studies sensory brain plasticity and refers to earlier hand-movement experiments, 10. ______ also found sensory regions vital for motor skills. Future research will locate related brain circuits and create sensory therapies for stroke patients with speech damage. 【答案】 1． believed 2．conducted 3．controlling 4．results 5．as 6．To compare 7．a 8．greatly 9．that 10．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了语言学习与语言恢复并不主要依靠大脑运动中枢，听觉、躯体感知感官区域才是语言学习与记忆的核心，该研究可为中风失语康复、脑机交流设备研发提供新思路。 【详解】 1.believed 考查一般过去时 解析：once（曾经）为过去时间标志，从句动作是科学家过去持有的观点，believe 用过去式 believed。 2.conducted 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作后置定语） 解析：句子主干为 The study could reshape...，空格无连词，study 和 conduct（开展研究）是被动关系，表 “由研究员开展的研究”，用过去分词 conducted。 3.controlling 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作后置定语） 解析：motor areas（运动区域）与 control（控制）是主动逻辑，现在分词 controlling 修饰前面名词，表 “控制面部、口腔发声动作的运动区域”。 4.results 考查可数名词复数 解析：谓语动词 prove 为原形，说明主语是复数；result 是可数名词，此处指多项实验结果，填 results。 5.as 考查介词 固定搭配 regard/treat...as... 把…… 看作…… 解析：固定短语 treat A as B，意为 “将额叶运动区域视作动作控制核心”，介词 as 不可替换。 6.To compare 考查非谓语动词（不定式作目的状语） 解析：逗号后是完整主句，空格表实验的目的 “为了对比不同大脑区域”，放句首表目的用不定式 To compare，首字母大写。 7.a 考考查不定冠词 解析：tool 是可数名词单数，harmless 以辅音音素开头，a harmless brain stimulation tool 表示 “一种无创大脑刺激工具”，表泛指一类事物。 8.greatly 考查副词修饰动词 解析：空格修饰动词 weakened（削弱），形容词 great 需变为副词 greatly（极大地）。 9.that 考查同位语从句引导词 解析：名词 view（观点）后从句完整、用来解释观点具体内容，为同位语从句；从句不缺成分、无疑问含义，用 that 引导，that 无实义，不可省略。 10.which 考查非限制性定语从句 解析：逗号隔开，先行词 experiments（实验）是事物，从句缺少主语，用关系代词 which 指代前文实验，引导定语从句。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $