Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(译林版)

2026-10-14
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高智传媒科技中心
进店逛逛

摘要:

该高中英语导学案核心聚焦非谓语动词,通过引导学生阅读含加黑非谓语动词的短文,感知并分析其成分,自主发现非谓语的三种形式及句法功能,构建从语境感知到语法规律总结的学习支架。 资料亮点在于结合高考真题设计即时演练,强化语言能力应用,通过探究发现环节培养思维品质,分模块讲解与写作词汇、句型衔接,助力学生掌握学习策略,提升学习效率,体现语法学习的实用性与素养导向。

内容正文:

Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage 非谓语动词综述 阅读下面短文,感知加黑部分,并分析其所作成分。   ①Drawing inspiration from nature is a tradition that goes back centuries.Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the beautiful Lingering Garden of Suzhou.The main principle of its design is ② recreating/to recreate natural landscapes in miniature.First ③established in the Ming Dynasty,the original garden ④containing a rockery to symbolize Tiantai Mountain became famous overnight.Pine and bamboo groves were added later, along with a pond and an island.Visitors would be ⑤astonished to find the garden ⑥modeled closely on natural features.Visitors are also supposed ⑦to explore it scene-by-scene.This could vary from a view of a pond and the splashing of fish,to a tree in blossom,a pagoda or a moon-shaped gate. 【我的发现】 以上黑体部分都是动词的      形式,非谓语有三种形式:        、         和         ;非谓语可以在句中充当      (如①),      (如②和⑤),      (如⑦),      (如④),状语(如③),宾语补足语(如⑥)等。   非谓语动词是指在句中不能单独构成谓语,而是起其他语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种:动词不定式、动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式。非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化,但是有语态和时态的变化。非谓语动词的时态、语态形式如下: 类别 时态形式 语态形式 主动 被动 动词不定式  一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 动词-ing形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 动词-ed形式 一般式 done   非谓语动词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。见下表: 形式 功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语 动词不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词-ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √ 动词-ed形式 √ √ √ √ 一、非谓语动词作主语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式 1.动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以在句中作主语。动词不定式作主语时常常用形式主语it代替,动词不定式置于句末。 Being misunderstood by my teacher made me depressed. 被我的老师误解使我沮丧。 To detect the implied dimension of a poem is important. =It is important to detect the implied dimension of a poem. 发掘一首诗隐含的方面是很重要的。 2.动词-ing形式作主语时,有时也用形式主语it代替,动词-ing形式置于句末。 It is no use reading without grasping the meaning. 只读而不懂意思是没有用的。 It’s worth making an effort to achieve your dreams. 为实现梦想付出努力是值得的。 【即时演练 1】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ①       (master) a new language takes time and effort. ②       (read) aloud in the morning improves your language sense. ③It is difficult        (see) how more savings can be made. ④It is no good        (pretend) to know what you do not know. 二、非谓语动词作宾语:动词不定式与动词-ing形式 1.在afford, agree, arrange, choose, claim, desire, expect, fail, hope, intend, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等动词后,常接动词不定式作宾语。 To my great disappointment,he refused to accept my invitation. 令我大失所望的是,他拒绝了我的邀请。 I didn’t expect to see you here. 我没有料到在这儿见到你。 Tom promised to go with me. 汤姆承诺和我一块去。 2.在advise, admit, avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, finish, practise, suggest, resist等动词以及burst out, give up, insist on, keep on, put off等短语后,常接动词-ing 形式作宾语。 He couldn’t resist showing off his new car. 他忍不住炫耀起了他的新车。 I considered going to see him in person. 我打算亲自去看他。 I insist on paying for the doll for the girl. 我坚持为这个女孩支付玩具娃娃的钱。 3.在like, love, begin, start等动词后,既可以接动词不定式作宾语,也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语,但二者区别不大,常可以交换使用。 I like to go climbing when I’m available. =I like going climbing when I’m available. 我有空的时候喜欢去爬山。 It started raining when I got home. =It started to rain when I got home. 我到家的时候开始下雨了。 4.在remember, forget, regret, try, mean等动词后,既可以接动词不定式作宾语,也可以接动词-ing形式作宾语,但二者意义不同。 How I regretted arguing with her about the important question, which made us both unhappy. 我多么后悔和她争论那个重要的问题,那使我们俩都不高兴。 I regret to tell you that I can’t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time. 我很遗憾地告诉你我不能在约定的时间和你一起去北京了。 【即时演练 2】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ①(2026•南京师大附中期中)So they started a study to investigate how        (improve) mental health in this time of rapid digitalization. ②(2026•江苏高邮期中)Beyond the art world, the program also aims        (enhance) tourism by inviting visitors to experience the province’s rich cultural heritage, beautiful coastlines and famous food traditions. ③We think it necessary        (protect) the environment. ④Betty has no choice but        (do) as you tell her. ⑤Remember        (lock) the door when you leave. ⑥To be honest, I can’t afford        (lose) my chance to go to university. ⑦There is no doubt that I have little difficulty          (communicate) with foreigners. 三、非谓语动词作表语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式 1.动词不定式可以在句中作表语,说明主语所指的内容,动词不定式可以带逻辑主语。动词不定式作表语,有的情况下to可以省略。 Her ambition is to travel around the world and experience different cultures. 她的志向是环游世界,体验不同文化。 All I did was (to) give him a little push. 我所做的这一切是为了给他一些动力。 2.动词-ing形式和动词-ed形式可以在句中用作表语,说明主语的特征或者状态,动词-ing形式还可以表示主语所指的内容。 Her part-time job is teaching yoga in a school. 她的兼职工作是在一所学校教瑜伽。 His speech at the meeting was inspiring. 他在会议上的演讲很鼓舞人心。 He is very concerned with the matter. 他很关心这件事。 【即时演练 3】 完成句子 ①My job this evening is                 . 我今晚的工作是替她照看婴儿。 ②I          when I heard the bad news. 当我听到这个坏消息时,我很失望。 ③Running a marathon is exhausting, but it’s         . 跑马拉松让人精疲力竭,但也很有意义。 四、非谓语动词作定语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed 形式 1.动词不定式作定语常表示将要发生的事,动词-ing形式作定语常表示正在发生的事,动词-ed形式作定语常表示已经发生的事或表示被动意义。 I have something unusual to do before going back. 回去之前我有些不寻常的事要做。 Jack cleared the fallen leaves on the ground before class. 上课前杰克清理了地上的落叶。 His first book published last month is based on a true story. 他上个月出版的第一本书是根据一个真实故事改编的。 The student majoring in law made a comment on the matter. 这名法学专业的学生对此事发表了评论。 2.动词不定式和动词-ing形式作定语时可以有被动形式。 The building to be built in the square will be a new library. 将要在广场建的这座大楼将是一个新图书馆。 Do you see the house being built over there? 你看到那边正在建造的房子了吗? 【即时演练 4】 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ①(2024•新课标Ⅰ卷) The latest       (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. ②(2024•新课标Ⅱ卷) Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion,        (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. ③The        (rise) sun looked very beautiful and the old artist drew a lot. ④To her delight, the        (lose) gold watch was finally found in her old house. 五、非谓语动词作状语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed 形式 1.动词不定式作状语 动词不定式作状语可以表示目的或者出乎意料的结果,表示结果时不定式前常加only。 To dig up more clues, he collected and studied a lot of information. 为了挖掘更多的线索,他搜集并研究了大量的信息。 He hurried to the train station, only to find the train had left. 他匆忙赶到火车站,结果却发现火车已经开走了。 注意:动词-ing形式作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。 Many highways have been built in China, making it easier for people to travel from one place to another. 中国修建了许多高速公路,使得人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅行更加便利。 2.动词-ing形式具有主动意义,动词-ed形式具有被动意义。 The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and talking. 孩子们笑着、说着跑出了教室。 Given more time, I could have done it better. 如果给我更多时间,我本可以做得更好。 3.动词-ing形式作状语可用完成式。 Having finished his homework, Tom went out to play. 完成了他的家庭作业,汤姆出去玩了。 【即时演练 5】 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①(2025•北京卷)When        (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. ②(2024•新课标Ⅱ卷) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed        (find) the connection between the two great writers. ③Once        (publish), the book became a best-seller. ④(2026•江苏高邮高二期中)           (experience) the hard times that artists face, Qi was known for sharing what he knew with younger artists who came to him for guidance. ⑤Because I do not know what to do next, I want to ask for your advice. →                 , I want to ask for your advice. 六、非谓语动词作补语:动词不定式、动词-ing形式与动词-ed形式 1.在ask, expect, forbid, force, order, permit, request, warn等动词后,常接“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构,动词不定式作补语。 We can always expect him to help us whenever we are in trouble. 每当我们遇到困难的时候,我们总是可以指望他帮助我们。 My mother asks me to clean my room every weekend. 妈妈要求我每个周末打扫房间。 2.在see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后,可以接不带to的动词不定式作补语,表示动作的整个过程;这些动词也可以接动词-ing形式作补语,表示动作正在进行。 I saw him cross the street and enter a shop. 我看到他穿过马路然后进了一家商店。 I saw him crossing the street. 我看到他正在过马路。 3.动词-ed形式作补语常表示被动意义。 She heard her name called several times. 她听到有人叫了她的名字好几次。 We must get our work finished by 10 o’clock. 我们必须在10点前完成工作。 【即时演练 6】 完成句子 ①I sincerely                                             . 我真诚地邀请你参加我们学校举办的这次活动。 ②When I entered the room, I found           . 我走进房间时,发现窗户破了。 ③The funny story kept us               . 这个有趣的故事让我们笑了很久。 写作词汇集释 1.break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除 教材原句 The aim of the Romantics was to break with the ideals of the 18th century ... 浪漫主义者的目的是与18世纪的理想决裂…… 【用法】 break out爆发;突然发生 break in  打断;强行进入;破门而入 break into  强行闯入;突然……起来 break down  分解;出故障 break up  终止;分手;中止 break off  折断;断绝;中断;突然停止 break through  突破;突围;冲破;取得突破性成就 【佳句】 The young artist broke with the established art style and created something completely new. 这位年轻艺术家打破了既定的艺术风格,创造出全新的作品。 【练透】 用break的相关短语填空 ①They decided to        their partnership due to financial disagreements. ②My car        on the way to work, so I was late. ③When the fire        in the building, people panicked and ran towards the exits. ④The athlete        his coach due to a disagreement over training methods. 【写美】 翻译句子 ⑤听到这个悲伤的消息,她突然哭了起来。(情感描写)                                                 2.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡 n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师 教材原句 Instead, they advocated going back to nature. 相反,他们提倡回归自然。 【用法】 (1)advocate (doing) sth 提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 advocate that ...=It is advocated that ...    主张……[从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”] (2)an advocate for/of  …… 的支持者/拥护者 【佳句】 We advocated that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area.我们提倡学校里的每个人都(应该)向地震灾区捐一些钱。 The doctor is a passionate advocate of natural childbirth.这个医生竭力主张自然分娩。 【练透】 单句语法填空 ①Many nutritionists advocate       (eat) a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. ②The teacher advocates that students      (take) an active part in class discussions. ③It          (advocate) that people (should) use public transportation more often to ease traffic congestion. 【写美】 一句多译 ④为了保护环境,我们提倡循环利用纸张和塑料。 →In order to protect our environment,                     .(advocate doing) →In order to protect our environment,                     .(advocate that ...) 重点句型解构 ◇ 句型公式:It was a time when ...引导定语从句 教材原句 It was a time when many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.那是一个很多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人用一种崭新的并且完全不同的方式看待这个世界的时代。 【用法】 There was a time when ...曾经一度;以前有那么一段时间 It/This/That is the first/second/.../last time that ...have done ...   这是第一/二/……/最后一次…… It is (high) time that sb did/should do sth该某人做某事的时候了 【品悟】 It was a time when people relied heavily on manual labor for daily survival. 那是一个人们严重依赖体力劳动维持日常生计的时代。 【写美】 完成句子 ①            I was so addicted to video games that I neglected my studies. 曾经有一段时间,我对电子游戏如此上瘾,以至于忽略了我的学业。 ②               to the classroom. 我们该去教室了。 ③               I have ever visited such a magnificent ancient castle. 这是我第一次参观如此宏伟的古代城堡。 完成课后作业 UNIT 4 Section Ⅱ 答案 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage 【重难语法•要攻克】 探究发现 非谓语 动词-ing形式 动词-ed形式 动词不定式 主语 表语 宾语 定语 即时演练1 ①To master ②Reading ③to see  ④pretending 即时演练2 ①to improve ②to enhance ③to protect  ④to do ⑤to lock ⑥to lose ⑦communicating 即时演练3 ①to look after the baby for her  ②was disappointed ③also rewarding 即时演练4 ①engineering ②inspired ③rising ④lost 即时演练5 ①traveling ②to find ③published  ④Having experienced ⑤Not knowing what to do next 即时演练6 ①invite you to participate in the activity held by our school ②the window broken  ③laughing for a long time 【核心知识•巧突破】 写作词汇集释 1.①break up ②broke down ③broke out ④broke with ⑤She broke into tears when she heard the sad news. 2.①eating ②(should) take ③is advocated  ④we advocate recycling paper and plastics we advocate that paper and plastics (should) be recycled 重点句型解构 ①There was a time when ②It is high time that we went/should go ③This/It/That is the first time that 8 / 8 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(译林版)
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Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(译林版)
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Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage(Word学生用书)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册(译林版)
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