Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

本讲义围绕“幽默的重要性”核心知识点，通过马克·吐温和汪曾祺的案例对比，构建课前导入（图片激趣启思）、速读（理清脉络）、精读（细节理解与批判性思考）、语言点学习（词汇、句型及语法）的学习支架，形成从感知幽默现象到理解文化内涵再到语言应用的完整学习脉络。 该资料特色在于融合文化意识（中外作家幽默风格对比，如马克·吐温的诙谐讽刺与汪曾祺的独特幽默）、思维品质（设计“幽默是否重要”等批判性问题）和语言能力（语境化词汇句型练习，如“combine...with...”短语及省略to的不定式句型）。课中助力教师分层引导，课后通过词汇转换、固定搭配等练习帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas Part Ⅰ　Reading comprehension 第一步　课前导入•激趣启思 Look at the pictures below， and then answer the following questions． 1.Who are the authors of these books？ Wang Zengqi and Mark Twain． 2.What do you know about them？ Read the introductions to Mark Twain and Wang Zengqi in the textbook and fill in the table． Mark Twain （1835－1910） Wang Zengqi （1920－1997） Nationality 1.American 2.Chinese Careers 3.writer， humorist， lecturer， adventurer 4.writer Represen－tative Works The Innocents Abroad （《傻子出国记》） The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn A Tale of Big Nur （《大淖记事》） Special Gift（《异秉》） Old Flavour（《老味道》） Style 5.witty and satirical 6.a unique humorous way 第二步　速读课文•理清脉络 Skim the passage and fill in the blanks． 第三步　精读课文•领悟细节 Task 1：Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers． 1.Which novel of Mark Twain is mentioned in the passage？（　　） A．The Million Pound Bank Note． B．Adventures of Huckleberry Finn． C．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer． D．The Importance of Humour． 2.Where did the story of Mark Twain happen？（　　） A．At a barber’s shop． B．At a key university． C．At a restaurant．　 D．At a lecture hall． 3.What was Wang Zengqi famous for？（　　） A．His essay “On Humour”． B．His attitude towards life． C．His own unique brand of humour． D．His good personality． 4.What can we know from the last paragraph？（　　） A．Humour is just about laughter． B．Humour is a way of life． C．Humour is not important in our lives． D．Humour is of no benefit to maintaining our enthusiasm for life． 答案：1－4　CACB Task 2：Think creatively and critically and answer the questions． 1.Do you think humour is important in our lives？ Why？ Yes， I firmly believe that humour is of great importance in our lives．Firstly， humour can lighten the mood．Secondly， humour helps build good relationships．Finally， humour can also help us view difficult situations in a more positive way． 2.Do you think of yourself as a humorous person？ Yes．I’m funny and often mischievous．I am good at making people laugh． 第四步　课文融通•学以致用 　　根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years． 　　Mark Twain， 1.an American writer， is remembered for his 2.ability （able） to combine humour with more serious messages．Twain’s particular style of writing is 3.funny （fun） and often mischievous．But he is 4.equally （equal） well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people． 　　Wang Zengqi， a Chinese writer， was also famous for his unique brand of humour．In his essay “On Humour”， he concluded，“The world is full of 5.amusing （amuse） things．”Wang believed humour shows one’s personality 6.and reflects a person’s attitude 7.towards/to life．Once， when a reader ranked him second in Gaoyou’s fame， he gave a gentle response，“Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me．” During a US speech， he 8.joked （joke）， “My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail．” 　　In conclusion， humour isn’t just about 9.laughter （laugh）， but is a way of life and a tool that can be used 10.to illuminate （illuminate） the world． The Importance of Humour 　　Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years．There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece， and medieval writings are filled with① jokes．［1］While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then， their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on② sensitive or emotive issues． 　　Closer to modern times， someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with③ more serious messages④ is American writer Mark Twain．Twain’s particular style of writing⑤ is funny and often mischievous．For example， in his classic novel⑥ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer， he famously says， “Writing is easy．［2］All you have to do is cross out⑦ the wrong words．” But he is equally well known for his witty remarks⑧ in his everyday interactions with people．For instance， while on a lecture tour⑨ of the United States， Twain went into a barber’s shop⑩ to get a haircut and a shave．The barber， not recognising him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture．When Twain replied that he didn’t， the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event⑪ he would have to stand， as there were no seats left in the theatre．Twain’s response was， “That’s just my luck．I always have to stand when that fellow lectures!” 　　【释疑难】　［2］All作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可以省略动词不定式符号to。 【赏靓点】　［1］句涵盖了多种语法结构：While引导的让步状语从句，as ．．．as ．．．同级比较结构，以及not only ．．．but also ．．．连接的并列宾语从句。句意层层递进，指出了幽默的双重功能：既能“娱乐大众”，又能“使严肃话题较容易理解”，升华了幽默的社会价值。 Paras.1－2 1.语块翻译 ①充满 ②使（问题等）较容易理解 ③把……与……结合起来 ④严肃的内容 ⑤独特的写作风格 ⑥经典小说 ⑦划掉；删去 ⑧诙谐言论 ⑨在巡回演讲 ⑩理发店 ⑪ 去参加活动 2.靓词 stand （Para.2） 赏析：stand一词是幽默的关键点。理发师以为马克•吐温只是普通观众，没有门票就需要“站着”看戏；而马克•吐温作为演讲者，本就必须“站着”演讲。这种双关和信息不对称制造了“笑果”。　 　　Like Twain，but on the other side of the world， the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour⑫．［3］In his essay “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， concluding that， “The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud， even when you’re just sitting by yourself．” 　　Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life⑬．He himself gives the best example to the word “humour” ．One day， one of his readers flattered him by saying， “Gaoyou is famous for， first， the poet Qin Shaoyou， and second， Wang Zengqi．” Wang didn’t show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response， “No．Gaoyou salted duck eggs⑭ are much more famous than me．I can only stay in the third place．” On another occasion⑮， Wang was invited to give a speech⑯ in the US and was scheduled to⑰ speak last．He walked to the podium and began， ［4］“Unfortunately， none of today’s speakers have last names starting with X， Y， or Z， so I am the last one to speak．Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired．But don’t worry．［5］My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail．” 　　【释疑难】　［3］句中to introduce several humorous examples of famous people为动词不定式短语作目的状语； concluding that，“The world is ．．．by yourself．”为动词－ing形式作状语，其中make you laugh out loud为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构， when引导时间状语从句。 　　［4］句中starting with X， Y， or Z为动词－ing形式作后置定语，相当于定语从句that start with X， Y， or Z； to speak为动词不定式短语作后置定语。 【赏靓点】　［5］句使用了比喻的修辞手法，将演讲比作“兔子的尾巴”，形象地表明演讲会很短，增强了语言的生动性和趣味性，体现了说话者对听众感受的体谅，试图通过这种方式缓解听众可能存在的不耐烦情绪，表现出一种体贴和为他人着想的态度。 Paras.3－4 1.语块翻译 ⑫ 独特的幽默风格 ⑬ 生活态度 ⑭ 咸鸭蛋 ⑮ 另一次 ⑯ 发表演讲 ⑰ 计划做…… 2.熟词生义/靓词 （1）brand （Para.3） 熟义：n．品牌；商标 文中义：n．类型；一种（风格）　 此处brand of humour并非指商业品牌，而是指汪曾祺特有的一派幽默风格。 （2）gentle （Para.4） 赏析：gentle一词精准地体现了中国文人的儒雅气质。面对读者的过度恭维，他用“温和”的自嘲化解了尴尬。 　　Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter， but is a way of life⑱ and a tool that can be used to illuminate the world⑲．Wang once said，“Life may be like a dream， short and uncertain．But I pour my true feelings into it．［6］The world gave me its love first， so I cannot help but⑳ love it back．” Life is never smooth sailing㉑ and sometimes can be complicated and cruel．But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life㉒．［7］In fact， some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air．In the words of Mark Twain，“Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing”． 　　【赏靓点】　［6］句充满了温情与哲理。汪曾祺将世界拟人化，表达了因为感受到世界的善意，所以“不得不”深情回报的赤子之心。 ［7］句作者运用了类比的手法，将抽象的“幽默”与具体的生存必需品“水和空气”相提并论（as great as），极有力地论证了幽默在人类生存中不可或缺的地位，呼应了文末Mark Twain的名言。 Para.5 1.语块翻译 ⑱ 一种生活方式 ⑲ 照亮世界 ⑳ 不禁……；忍不住…… ㉑ 一帆风顺 ㉒ 保持对生活的热情 2.靓词 sailing （Para.5） 赏析：sailing原意为“航行”，smooth sailing是地道的习语，比喻“一帆风顺”。作者用航海隐喻人生，暗示生活总有风浪，而幽默就是应对风浪的压舱石。 参考译文 幽默的重要性 　　数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字记载中有喜剧，笑话也常常出现在中世纪的作品当中。虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有它们在中世纪的时候那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。 　　到了近现代，美国作家马克•吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。他独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆•索耶历险记》中有一句名言：“写作很容易，你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。”但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。比如，有一次在美国做巡回演讲的时候，马克•吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克•吐温回答说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里没有多余的座位了。马克•吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着!” 　　与马克•吐温一样，但身处世界另一端的中国作家汪曾祺很快以其独特的幽默风格而闻名。在《论幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人幽默的例子，得出结论：“这个世界充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们就会让你大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” 　　汪曾祺认为，幽默不仅表现了一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对待生活的态度，他本人就是“幽默”一词的最佳诠释者。有一天，他的一个读者奉承他说：“高邮出名，一是诗人秦少游，二是汪曾祺。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不悦，只是淡淡地回应道：“不，高邮咸鸭蛋比我要出名得多。我只能排在第三位。”另一次，汪曾祺应邀在美国发表演讲，排在最后。他走到讲台前，开始演讲：“不幸的是，今天没有一位演讲者的姓氏以X、Y或Z开头，所以我是最后一个演讲的人。最后一个演讲很困难，因为每个人都已经很累了。但别担心。我的演讲会像兔子的尾巴一样短。” 　　马克•吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅是笑，而是一种生活方式，一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾说：“生活可能像一场梦，短暂而不确定。但我把我的真情实感倾注其中。世界首先给了我它的爱，所以我情不自禁地爱它。”生活从来都不是一帆风顺的，有时会变得复杂而残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有人可能会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎和我们对水和空气的需求一样大。用马克•吐温的话说，“幽默是人类头等的幸事”。 Part Ⅱ　Language points Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.classic literary works经典文学作品 2.a witty answer/remark　　一个风趣的回答/评论 3.a medieval castle　　一座中世纪的城堡 4.ask the barber for a haircut　　让男理发师理发 5.need a shave　　需要刮胡子了 6.a nice fellow　　一个不错的家伙 7.flatter the boss　　奉承老板 8.walk to the podium　　走向讲台 9.illuminate the street　　照亮街道 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.deserve a good fame　　值得拥有好名声 2.a persuasive essay 　　一篇有说服力的短文 3.make a rude remark　　发表粗鲁的言论 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①a well－known clothing brand 　　一个知名的服装品牌 ②his unique brand of humour　　他独特的幽默风格 2.①a popular folk tale　　一个流传甚广的民间　　传说 ②listen to his tales of life at sea　　听他的海上生活故事 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.consistently adv．一贯地，一致地→consistent adj．一致的；连续的 2.optimism n．乐观；乐观主义→optimistic adj．乐观的；乐观主义的 3.mischievous adj．调皮的，淘气的→mischievously adv．调皮地，淘气地 4.interaction n．交流→interact v．相互影响；相互作用→interactive adj．合作的；相互影响的；互动的 5.conclude v．作出……结论，推断出→conclusion n．结论 6.amusing adj．逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的→amuse v．使开心，逗笑→amused adj．觉得好笑的→amusement n．娱乐，消遣 7.gentle adj．和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的→gently adv．温和地；轻柔地 8.cruel adj．残忍的→cruelly adv．残忍地→cruelty n．残忍 9.enthusiasm n．热情，热忱→enthusiastic adj．热情的 10.complicated adj．难处理的；难懂的→complicate vt．使复杂化 11.composer n．作曲家→compose v．作曲 【构词法】 1.“v．＋－ive”构成形容词 ①act→active（活跃的） ②direct→directive（指导的） ③attract→attractive（吸引人的） 2.“v．（去e）＋－ed”构成形容词 ①involve→involved（有关的） ②injure→injured（受伤的） ③bore→bored（厌倦的） Ⅴ．短语互译 1.fall behind　　　　 不能按时完成（工作） 2.combine ．．．with ．．．　　把……与……结合起来 3.cross out　　划掉；删去 4.throw light on　　使（问题等）较容易理解 5.keep up　　保持 6.brand of humour　　某种类型的幽默 7.laugh out loud　　大声笑出来 8.start with　　以……开始 9.be famous for　　因……而著名 10.for instance　　例如 Ⅵ．句型填空 1.句型公式：while引导让步状语从句；not only ．．．but also ．．． 教材原句：While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then，their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive issues． 虽然对现在的我们来说，那些笑话可能没有当时那么有趣，但它们的作者明白，幽默不只是一种娱乐的方式，它还可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。 2.句型公式：省略to的动词不定式作表语 教材原句：All you have to do is cross out the wrong words． 你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。 3.句型公式：“as＋adj．＋as”表示同级比较 教材原句：In fact，some may argue that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air． 事实上，有人可能会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎和我们对水和空气的需求一样大。 写作词汇集释 1.combine vt．& vi． 组合；（使）联合→combination n．联合；结合 教材原句　Closer to modern times， someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer Mark Twain． 到了近现代，美国作家马克•吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。 【用法】 （1）combine ．．．with/and ．．．　 把……与……结合起来 combine to do sth　　联合起来做某事；联合起来促成某事 combine against　　联合起来反对 （2）in combination with　　联合起来；在联合中 【佳句】　You’d better combine exercise with a healthy diet．Only when exercise is combined with a healthy diet can you keep really fit． 你最好把运动和健康饮食结合起来。只有运动与健康的饮食相结合，你才能保持真正的健康。　（建议信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She is a genius because she has successfully combined a career with/and bringing up a family． ②Several environmental groups combined against the construction of the factory to protect the local ecosystem． 【写美】　完成句子 ③You’d better apply book knowledge in combination with practice to improve your understanding of the subject． 你最好将书本知识与实践结合运用，以提高你对这门学科的理解。　（建议信） 2.remark n． 言论；意见，评论vt．评论，谈论→remarkable adj．卓越的，非凡的，显著的 教材原句　But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people． 但是他日常与人交流中的诙谐言论同样出名。 【用法】 （1）make a remark on 就……发表评论 （2）remark on/upon　　就……发表评论 remark that ．．．　　评论说……；主张…… 【佳句】　During the discussion， she made a remark on how technology has changed our daily lives． 在讨论中，她就科技如何改变我们的日常生活发表了评论。　（告知信） 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①With the remarkable （remark） development of science and technology， China has become more powerful than ever before． ②Miss Li remarked on/upon some students’ cheating in exams． 【写美】　完成句子 ③When she has to make a remark on others， she usually changes the topic．（remark n．） 当她不得不评论他人的时候，她通常会改变话题。 3.conclude v． 作出……结论，推断出；结束，终止→conclusion n．结论；推论；结尾，结束 教材原句　In his essay “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， concluding that，“The world is full of amusing things．The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud， even when you’re just sitting by yourself．” 在《论幽默》一文中，汪曾祺用不到600个字介绍了几个名人幽默的例子，得出结论：“这个世界充满了有趣的事情。一想到它们就会让你大笑，即使你只是一个人坐着。” 【用法】 （1）conclude （．．．） with ．．．　　　 以……结束（……） conclude from ．．．that ．．．　　从……中得出…… It is concluded that ．．．　　结论是…… （2）in conclusion=to conclude　　最后；总之；综上所述 come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion　　得出结论 jump/leap to a conclusion/conclusions　　匆忙下结论 【佳句】　（人教选必一） She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties． 她得出结论，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的药用特性。 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷）Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices， which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter． ②（2025•全国一卷）It serves as a bridge for us to know more about our classmates and teachers， strengthening our bond．In conclusion/To conclude （总而言之）， I believe this column will be a hit and bring us great fun． 【写美】　完成句子 ③From the incident we arrive at/come to/reach/draw the conclusion that we should cherish the present moment and live every day to the fullest．（conclusion） 从这件事中我们可以得出这样的结论：我们应该珍惜当下，充实地过好每一天。 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ．一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思 gentle A．adj．和蔼友善的　　 B．adj．（天气、温度等）温和的　　 C．adj．平缓的 ①The path leading to the top of the hill is gentle， so it is suitable for beginners to climb．　　C　 ②Our English teacher is very gentle and patient， always encouraging us to express our own opinions bravely．　　A　 ③We sat by the river， enjoying the gentle breeze that cooled us down after a long walk in summer．　　B　 Ⅱ．熟词生义 根据语境写出加蓝词的词性和含义 1.We， as fellows on this project， need to cooperate closely to ensure its success．　n．同事 2.They were branded as liars and cheats．　v．加上……的恶名 3.The exhibition contains nothing that is worthy of remark．　n．引人注目 重点句型解构 ◇句型公式：省略 to的动词不定式作表语 教材原句　All you have to do is cross out the wrong words．你只需要把错误的单词划掉就行。 【用法】 主语部分含有实义动词do的某种形式时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。动词不定式作表语时省略to的常见情况如下： （1）all作主句主语，其后的定语从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语； （2）what引导的从句作主语，从句中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语； （3）（主句）主语为the only， the first， the least或形容词最高级等以及主语被这些词修饰，且其后作定语的从句或短语中含有实义动词do的某种形式时，常用省略to的动词不定式作表语。 【佳句】　All you have to do is hand in your homework before the class starts． 你所要做的就是在上课前交作业。 【写美】　翻译句子 ①为了保护环境，我们能做的事情就是乘坐公共交通工具而不是开车。　（倡议书） The thing we can do to protect our environment is take public transport instead of driving． ②你应该做的是每天阅读英语小说，以提高你的阅读理解能力。　（建议信） What you should do is read English novels every day to improve your reading comprehension skills． ③我们需要做的就是互相支持，以克服我们面临的任何挑战。　（演讲稿） All we need to do is support each other to overcome any challenges we face． ④目前你唯一能做的事情是等待进一步的消息。　（建议信） For the moment the only thing you can do is wait for further news． 维度一：品句填词 1.Scar is a cruel （残忍的） and dangerous character in the film The Lion King． 2.Feeling anxious is not the problem； avoiding social interactions （交流） is the problem． 3.It’s very complicated （难懂的） — but I’ll try and explain． 4.Actually， what you state in your essay （文章） is not relevant to the issue． 5.You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm （热情） for the job． 6.I feel really guilty because I made some cruel remarks （评论） too， but I dislike seeing our team lose． 7.Hofman’s inspiration came from Chinese folk tales passed down through generations． 8.Let me conclude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will， there is a way． 9.When the middle－aged man was visiting his girlfriend， he was demanded to shave his beard． 10.It is worthwhile to join the Literature Club， where you are exposed to world－famous literary masterpieces， ranging from detective stories， fairy tales to poems． 维度二：词形转换 1.In conclusion （conclude）， only with joint efforts can we have a better tomorrow． 2.When coming across complicated （complicate） problems， he would remain calm and deal with them calmly． 3.When I saw them whispering （whisper） to each other， I knew there was something funny going on． 4.Her calm and confident manner made a deep impression （impress） on everyone she met during the interview． 5.The scientist’s discovery was truly remarkable （remark）， earning her international recognition at a young age． 6.The comedian told such an amusing （amuse） story that the whole class burst into laughter． 7.The singer’s performance was so emotive （emotion） that it brought tears to the audience． 8.The report exposed the cruelty （cruel） of the illegal wildlife trade， shocking people around the world． 9.The book deserves rereading/to be reread （reread） because it is so interesting and informative． 10.The young woman laid the baby down gently （gentle） on the bed． 维度三：固定搭配和句式 1.She crossed out （删去） the wrong answer and wrote the correct one carefully． 2.At the school meeting， the principal will give a speech （发表演讲） on the importance of honesty． 3.In front of the school gate stood several teachers （站着几位老师）， waiting to welcome the guests． 4.We’ll visit the museum next Friday， when the new exhibition will be open to students （那时新展览将对学生开放）． 5.He was anxious that he might fall behind （落后） in maths after missing several classes． 6.What surprised everyone （令所有人惊讶的事） was that he admitted his mistake openly． 7.The man stopped in a village after a long journey， tired and hungry （又累又饿）． 8.Sharing jokes （分享笑话） can make people present feel relaxed． 9.Humour is thought to be a tool which/that can make us have a good mood （使我们有一个好心情）．　 10.The Americans and the British not only speak the same language （不但说相同的语言）， but （also） share a large number of social customs． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　The British are known for their sense of humour．However， it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes．The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement （轻描淡写）． 　　Understatement means saying less than you think or feel．For example， if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain， he might say， “It’s a little damp outside．” Or， if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person， someone else might say， “She isn’t exactly friendly．” Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly．Understatement plays an important part in British humour． 　　Another key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others．They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to their everyday lives when someone accidentally falls over in the street．They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society．They like to make jokes about their accents， the way they dress and the way they behave．What’s more， the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society．The comedy series Mr．Bean is a good example of this kind of humour． 　　Mr．Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990.Mr．Bean doesn’t talk often， and instead he uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh．Perhaps what makes Mr．Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do．Mr．Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour．Because of this， many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。 1.Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes？（　　） A．The British often stick to the facts． B．British jokes are involved with many different cultures． C．British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries． D．The British try to make out that something is less important than it is． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的Understatement means saying less than you think or feel．可知，外国人难懂英式笑话的主要原因是英国人常使用轻描淡写，即故意将事情说得比实际更轻微。 2.How does the author explain understatement？（　　） A．By describing a process．　　 B．By making comparisons． C．By following time order．　　 D．By using examples． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的For example， if someone gets very wet ．．．to make another person look silly．可知，在第二段中作者通过两个具体例子让读者明白什么是轻描淡写的幽默。 3.How does Mr．Bean make people laugh？（　　） A．Using his body movements and facial expressions． B．Making jokes about others’ accents． C．Copying others’ behaviour． D．Telling funny stories． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Mr．Bean ．．． uses his body movements and facial expressions to make people laugh．可知，憨豆先生通过自己的肢体活动和面部表情逗人们笑。 4.What can be the best title for the text？（　　） A．British Humour in Comedy B．Humour in Different Cultures C．Understanding British Humour D．Developing Your Sense of Humour 解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国人幽默的关键点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑，解释了外国人为何难懂英式幽默以及其具体表现形式。因此，C项（了解英式幽默）可作本文最佳标题。 B 　　Telling jokes requires intelligence， creativity， imagination and the ability to tell a story， while listening to jokes is more passive behaviour but one that demands attention， intelligence and being in the right mood in order to enjoy jokes．Besides， there are also clear similarities between joke tellers and appreciators．A new study takes this further and tries to find other connections between creating humour and appreciating humour． 　　The author carried on the cartoon caption （字幕） task.159 participants were shown more than 30 cartoons without captions and were asked to come up with a funny caption for each one of them．Later， independent judges classified those captions based on how funny they were． 　　The results showed that those who produced the funniest captions also produced more captions overall．What was more interesting was that creating funny captions was negatively related to appreciation of humour．In other words， funny people tend to find jokes less funny than other people do．It is not clear why this is the case， but it might be because creators of great humour have higher standards of humour creativity and expect higher levels of creativity from people who tell jokes， compared to those who are not so good at creating humour． 　　Moreover， outgoing people and those who are open to new experiences found the cartoons funnier， but surprisingly， outgoing people are less likely to be funny．This is consistent with my own research that comedians were more introverted than the general population．They usually don’t like to express themselves in social situations． 　　Appreciation and production of humour are two different cognitive （认知的） tasks， each with unique characteristics．This is why when someone tells you he or she has a great sense of humour， you may ask， “Are you good at telling jokes or do you tend to laugh more？” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智，一项新的研究对此进行了进一步研究，并试图找到创造幽默和欣赏幽默之间的其他联系。文章解释了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。 5.What qualities do joke tellers and appreciators have in common？（　　） A．Attention．　 B．Creativity． C．Imagination．　 D．Intelligence． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Telling jokes requires ．．． to enjoy jokes．可知，讲笑话的人和欣赏笑话的人的共同之处是聪明才智。 6.What is paragraph 2 mainly about？（　　） A．The results of the study． B．The process of the study． C．The judgement of the study． D．The importance of the study． 解析：B　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍研究的过程。 7.According to the text， outgoing people 　　　　．（　　） A．are good at appreciating humour B．are more likely to be comedians C．are more likely to be funny D．are unwilling to express themselves in social situations 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可推知，外向的人善于欣赏幽默。 8.What does the underlined word “introverted” in paragraph 4 mean？（　　） A．Being very successful．　 B．Being easy to talk to． C．Being quiet and shy．　 D．Being kind to others． 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后一句可知，喜剧演员通常不喜欢在社交场合表达自己，说明他们比较安静和害羞。因此，画线词意为“内向的”。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•河南驻马店期中） Humour： An Essential Life Skill 　　Mark Twain said， “Humour is the great thing， the saving thing．The minute it crops up， all our irritations slip away， and a sunny spirit takes their place．” He’s certainly not wrong．Humour may very well be the great thing.9.　　 　　Having a good sense of humour is possibly one of the best things you can do for your physical fitness.10.　　 Besides， it can improve your cardiovascular （心血管的） health． 　　11.　　 Study has shown that individuals who score highly in humour have higher self－respect， greater self－competence， and perform better in social interaction．They tend to get along well with others and are more often associated with better overall health． 　　Albert Einstein owed his brilliant mind to having a child－like sense of humour.12.　　 Researchers in Austria discovered that those who have a sense of humour have higher verbal （言语的） and nonverbal intelligence than their less humorous peers， because it takes both cognitive （认知的） and emotional abilities to process and produce humour． 　　The benefits of humour are so great that universities like Stanford are offering business courses on humour in the workplace.13.　　 Students will be taught how to “better achieve business goals and develop stronger bonds”．It doesn’t stop there， though．Researchers believe humour has the power to actually “make change in the world”． A．Students will be strictly assessed． B．These courses have specific goals． C．And your mental health benefits as well． D．It covers almost every part of life． E．Besides that， humour also enhances your overall life quality． F．Studies have proved that laughter can reduce the muscle tension． G．In fact， researchers have discovered a connection between humour and intelligence． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幽默作为一种生活技能所带来的多方面益处，包括对身心健康、社交能力、智力发展以及职业成功的积极影响。 9.D　上文提到“幽默是件了不起的事”，下文从多个方面展开说明幽默的益处。D项（它几乎涵盖了生活的方方面面）强调幽默影响范围广，与上文呼应，也为下文具体展开作铺垫，符合语境。 10.F　上文指出“良好的幽默感对身体健康有益”，空处需要给出具体例证来支撑这一观点。F项（研究证明，笑可以减轻肌肉紧张）进一步解释幽默如何促进身体健康，属于对上文观点的具体说明，符合逻辑衔接。 11.E　空处位于段首，应起到统领全段的作用。下文从自尊、自我能力、社交互动及整体健康等方面说明幽默的积极影响。E项（此外，幽默还能提升你的整体生活质量）能统领下文内容，符合语境。 12.G　上文以爱因斯坦为例说明幽默与智慧的关系。G项（事实上，研究人员已经发现幽默与智力之间存在联系）强化观点，并与下文对奥地利研究者发现的介绍自然衔接，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 13.B　上文指出大学开设幽默相关课程，说明幽默在职场的重要性。B项（这些课程有具体的目标）自然承接上文，并为下文“教授学生如何实现商业目标并增强合作关系”的具体内容作引导，符合语境。 Ⅲ．应用文写作 　　你校英语周刊的What’s Funny栏目正在征稿。请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍一位你认识的有趣的人，内容包话： 　　（1）人物简介；（2）主要事迹。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式作答。 A funny person I know 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： A funny person I know 　　My cousin has a unique sense of humor， coupled with an extraordinary talent for drawing cartoons． He excels at capturing subtle features and creating imaginative， humorous exaggerations in his portraits． He often paints portraits for people on the street and surprises them with his funny yet vivid paintings， evoking bursts of laughter from subjects． Even the onlookers will be laughing their heads off． Remarkably， he adopts an unconventional payment approach — you pay him whatever you think the painting is worth． Sometimes a painting can earn him 2，000 yuan， perhaps reflecting the value that happiness adds to people’s lives! 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $