精品解析：广东省中山市中山纪念中学2025-2026学年高二上学期第二次段考英语试题

2025-2026学年高二上学期第二次段考试题 英 语 本试卷共8页，共计120分，折合为150分。考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A While some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last few seconds seem universal, many countries have their own unique New Year’s Eve traditions. Denmark: Break plates A Danish tradition is to throw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbor’s front doors. It’s a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more friends and good luck you’ll have in the coming year. Germany: Pouring lead In Germany, people melt small pieces of lead in a spoon over a candle, then pour the liquid into cold water. The shapes from the lead pouring are supposed to reveal what the year ahead will bring. If the lead forms a ball, luck will roll one’s way, while the shape of a crown means wealth; a cross means death and a star will bring happiness. Spain: Twelve grapes of luck In Spain, one New Year’s tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the coming year, to secure prosperity (繁荣). You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The tradition dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea to sell more grapes after an exceptional harvest. Philippines: Round food, round clothes, round everything In the Philippines, the start of the new year is all about the money. The locals believe that surrounding themselves with round things (to represent coins) will bring money or fortune. As a result, clothes with dots are worn and round food is eaten. 1. What is believed to bring good luck for the coming new year in Denmark? A. A red candle. B. Round food. C. Broken china. D. A lead cross. 2. What inspired the New Year’s tradition of eating grapes? A. A way to make coins. B. An act to keep power. C. A desire to be popular. D. An idea to gain profit. 3. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Fashion. B. Travel. C. Culture. D. Entertainment. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Denmark: Break plates部分中的第二句“A Danish tradition is to throw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbor’s front doors. It’s a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more friends and good luck you’ll have in the coming year”（丹麦的传统是把盘子和盘子，扔向朋友和邻居家的前门。这有点像受欢迎的竞赛，因为第二天早上，破碎的瓷器堆得越多，来年你就会有更多的朋友和好运。）可知，在丹麦人们认为碎瓷器会给新的一年带来好运。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In Spain, one New Year’s tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the coming year, to secure prosperity . You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The tradition dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea to sell more grapes after an exceptional harvest.”（在西班牙，一个新年的传统是吃12颗葡萄，一颗代表来年的每个月份，以确保繁荣。午夜钟声敲响的时候，你得吃一颗葡萄。这个传统可以追溯到1909年，当时阿利坎特的农民想出了这个主意，在一个特别的收获季节后卖出更多的葡萄。）可知，要获得利润的想法激发了新年吃葡萄的传统。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last few seconds seem universal, many countries have their own unique New Year’s Eve traditions.”（虽然放烟花、倒计时等一些习俗似乎全球通用，但许多国家都有自己独特的除夕夜传统。）可知，文章是介绍了许多国家的除夕夜传统，所以这可能来自一本杂志的文化部分。故选C。 B For Katie Lewis, Ph.D., every soil sample, every field trial and every long day in the West Texas sun comes down to one thing — helping farmers build a future that lasts. That commitment runs deep. Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. As a Texas A&M AgriLife Research soil chemistry and fertility scientist, she works each day to ensure that future generations of Texas farmers can thrive. As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. That wonder was inspired by a high school science teacher, who turned every lesson into a discovery. These influences didn’t just spark interest; they guided her clear choice of study in higher education. Lewis earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry, but her early years spent on a farm added a unique layer to her academic journey. Now in her 11th year with AgriLife Research, Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments — work backed by more than $15 million in funding over the past few years. For Lewis, though, her impact isn’t only at the farm level; it scales through to the next generation of those who love the science. Her graduate training program has graduated 30 master’s students and 19 doctoral students, with six serving as scientists at land-grant institutions. “It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” 4. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Why soil science degrees matter to Lewis. B. How AgriLife Research helps local farmers. C. Why local farming faces seasonal hardships. D. How Lewis’ upbringing fueled her ambition. 5. How can Lewis be described as a student? A. Demanding. B. Self-motivated. C. Inspirational. D. Self-sacrificing. 6. What is Lewis’ research focus? A. Sustainable farming in severe places. B. Analyzing soil nutrients in a new way. C. Economical strategies for Texas farmers. D. Managing farm produce with efficiency. 7. Why did Lewis establish a graduate training program? A. To boost her impact in farming study. B. To advocate the research in agriculture. C. To expand the size of local institutions. D. To promote the idea of land protection. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了土壤科学家Katie Lewis的成长背景、研究重点及培养后继人才的使命。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. (Lewis在农场长大，嫁给了一位农民，如今她就在自己研究致力于保护的那类土地上养育自己的孩子。和许多得克萨斯州的农民一样，Lewis亲身经历过市场带来的艰难困苦与季节性起伏波动。)”可知，本段讲述Lewis的成长经历如何激发了她的抱负。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. (孩童时期的Katie Lewis随身带着一个装着电池和电线的雪茄盒，她央求父母给她买一套家用科学实验套装，以此满足自己对事物运作原理日益浓厚的好奇心。)”可知，学生时代的Lewis是主动求知、自我驱动的。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments (Lewis正在为农民及其种植体系探寻兼顾环境与经济效益的可持续管理策略。最近，她正着手研究半干旱环境下的碳动态变化)”可知，Lewis的研究重点是恶劣环境下的可持续农业。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中““It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” (“这不仅仅关乎研究，”Lewis说道，“更在于培养下一代土壤科学家，让他们永葆好奇心、打破常规思维，为农业面临的种种难题找到解决办法。”)”可知，Lewis设立研究生培养项目是为倡导农业相关研究。 C Having an extra slice of cake, buying expensive clothes, or sleeping in until 11 A.M. may bring you great enjoyment. It might be something that makes your week worth it or how you get through a stressful day. Still, you may feel embarrassment or shame if you admit to it. This is why “guilty pleasures” exist. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. Perhaps we don’t feel we deserved it, or we don’t think it was a responsible way to spend our money. What if we told you that you shouldn’t feel bad about your guilty pleasures and that they are actually fantastic for you? Keep reading to discover why you should indulge occasionally. Psychologists say that buying things for yourself can make you feel better because it gives you a chance to take control of your situation. It can also give you social contact and a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image. When you feel under the weather, treating yourself might be the lift you need. When you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself and maintaining a positive outlook. Permitting yourself to enjoy things can help you deal with symptoms of anxiety and depression. It can even be a protective factor against depression. Life isn’t easy and when we’re struggling, we need to be kind to ourselves. Indulging in the things that bring us joy can envelop us in comfort during tough times. As long as your guilty pleasure is harmless, there is no reason not to do it. Our brain’s neural (神经的) pathways light up when we do things we enjoy. This makes it easier to gain feelings of happiness. As we said earlier, guilt and happiness can be mixed up in our minds. Rather than fighting them or trying to replace them, welcome them. Eventually, embracing these feelings can enhance your overall well-being and happiness. 8. According to the passage, which of the following is considered “guilty pleasures”? A. Eating favourite food against given diet. B. Saving money for holiday entertainment. C. Window shopping during your spare time. D. Enjoying a cup of coffee after a day’s work. 9. Which is closest to the meaning of the underlined word “indulge”? A. ignore expense. B. embrace oneself. C. satisfy oneself. D. deny guilty feelings. 10. Why does shopping for yourself help you feel better? A. It stresses the importance of appearance. B. It promotes control and faith in yourself. C. It keeps you from running into bad weather. D. It provides you a channel for self-reflection. 11. What is the most suitable title for this passage? A. Why Guilty Pleasures May Boost Well-being. B. How We Can Stop Wasting Money on Treats. C. Why Comfort Shopping Is Entirely Harmless. D. How We Remove Unnecessary Sense of Guilt. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了何为“罪恶的快乐”，阐述适度放纵这类带有负罪感的愉悦体验有利于人的心理健康，能够提升整体幸福感。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Having an extra slice of cake, buying expensive clothes, or sleeping in until 11 A.M. may bring you great enjoyment. It might be something that makes your week worth it or how you get through a stressful day. Still, you may feel embarrassment or shame if you admit to it. This is why ‘guilty pleasures’ exist. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. (多吃一块蛋糕、购买昂贵衣物或是睡到上午十一点，都可能会带给你极大的愉悦。这些小事或许让你的一周变得有意义，或是帮你熬过充满压力的一天。可即便如此，如果你坦白自己喜欢这些事，内心或许会感到尴尬或羞愧。这就是‘罪恶的快乐’存在的缘由。这个概念指：当我们犒劳自己的时候，有时内心会产生负罪感。)”可知，“罪恶的快乐”的定义为：能带来愉悦感，但事后会让人产生愧疚、尴尬的行为。A项“Eating favourite food against given diet. (违背既定饮食计划吃自己喜爱的食物)”既满足口腹之欲带来快乐，又会因为打破饮食规则产生愧疚感，完全符合定义。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“What if we told you that you shouldn’t feel bad about your guilty pleasures and that they are actually fantastic for you? Keep reading to discover why you should indulge occasionally. (如果告诉你，不必为这些“罪恶的快乐”感到不安，事实上它们对人大有益处呢？继续往下读，了解为什么你们应当偶尔indulge。)”可知，前文提出“不必为自己的罪恶快乐感到不安，它们实际上对人大有益处”，建议读者偶尔去做相关的事。“indulge”在这里指满足自己的小愿望、纵容自己享受喜欢的小事，和C项“satisfy oneself (取悦、满足自己)”含义最贴近。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Psychologists say that buying things for yourself can make you feel better because it gives you a chance to take control of your situation. It can also give you social contact and a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image. (心理学家表示，为自己买东西会让人心情变好，因为这给予你掌控自身处境的机会。它还能为你带来社交联系，并且你对自身形象做出的改变能提升自信心。)”可知，为自己买礼物的好处是能让你掌控自身处境、提升自信。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Having an extra slice of cake, buying expensive clothes, or sleeping in until 11 A.M. may bring you great enjoyment. It might be something that makes your week worth it or how you get through a stressful day. Still, you may feel embarrassment or shame if you admit to it. This is why ‘guilty pleasures’ exist. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. (多吃一块蛋糕、购买昂贵衣物或是睡到上午十一点，都可能会带给你极大的愉悦。这些小事或许让你的一周变得有意义，或是帮你熬过充满压力的一天。可即便如此，如果你坦白自己喜欢这些事，内心或许会感到尴尬或羞愧。这就是‘罪恶的快乐’存在的缘由。这个概念指：当我们犒劳自己的时候，有时内心会产生负罪感。)”及最后一段“As we said earlier, guilt and happiness can be mixed up in our minds. Rather than fighting them or trying to replace them, welcome them. Eventually, embracing these feelings can enhance your overall well-being and happiness. (正如前文所说，愧疚与快乐会在我们脑海中交织。不必对抗，也不必刻意去取代，坦然接纳就好。最终，接纳这些感受可以提升你的整体身心健康与幸福感。)”并结合全文可知，文章先引入“罪恶的快乐”的概念，核心论述了这类看似会带来愧疚的愉悦行为，实际上能帮助人们缓解负面情绪、提升整体幸福感，A项“Why Guilty Pleasures May Boost Well-being. (为什么罪恶的快乐可以提升幸福感。)”精准覆盖全文主旨，适合做标题。 D Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment. There is, however, more than one way a substance can be forced to take in and give out heat energy. The ionocaloric cycle, a method developed by researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, takes advantage of the way that energy is stored or released when a material changes state. Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings. The researchers modeled the theory of this cycle to show how it could potentially compete with, or even improve upon, the efficiency of refrigerants in use today. A current running through the system would move the ions in it, shifting the material’s melting point to change temperature. “There are three things we’re trying to balance: the GWP (global warming potential) of the refrigerant, energy efficiency, and the cost of the equipment itself,” said engineer Ravi Prasher from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects.” The systems currently used in refrigeration processes rely on gases that have high GWP. Now, the researchers need to get the technology out of the lab and into practical systems that can be used commercially and that scale up without any issues. Eventually, these systems could be used for heating as well as cooling. Ongoing investigations are trying different salts to see which combinations might be most effective at drawing heat from a space. 12. How does the article introduce its topic in paragraph 1? A. By introducing the process of global warming. B. By showing the effectiveness of current process. C. By describing limitation of existing refrigeration. D. By inspiring actions of environmental protection. 13. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. How the ionocaloric cycle functions. B. Why salt can prevent road icing. C. What the chemical composition of ions is. D. What a more effective ice-melting method is. 14. What did Prasher think of the initial test result? A. It remains understudied. B. It proves unpredictable. C. It shows great potential. D. It needs more investment. 15. What can be inferred about the research in the last paragraph? A. Market sales have begun. B. Mass production is coming. C. Investigation has completed. D. Further Testing is necessary. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了传统制冷系统存在环保缺陷，介绍新型离子热循环制冷技术的工作原理、优势，同时说明该技术仍处在实验室阶段，有待进一步研发与商用落地。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment. (传统冷藏系统通过一种流体把热量转移出空间：流体吸收热量变为气体，气体经由封闭管道输送，再重新变回液体。尽管这套流程十分有效，但我们选用的部分制冷剂材料对环境格外不友好。)”并结合全文可知，本段先介绍了传统冷藏系统的工作原理，紧接着转折指出这类系统所用的制冷剂很多都对环境极不友好，也就是点明现有制冷方式的缺陷，以此引出下文的新型制冷技术话题。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings. (给一块冰块升温，冰就会融化。我们不易察觉的是：融化会从周围环境吸收热量，起到实际的降温效果。不用升温就能让冰融化的一种办法是加入带电粒子，也就是离子。道路上撒盐防止结冰，就是该原理的常见实例。离子热循环同样利用盐来改变流体的状态，进而冷却周边环境。)”可知，本段用冰融化吸热、撒盐融冰的常见例子，类比解释了离子热循环如何借助盐改变流体状态、实现周边降温的运行原理。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中普拉舍的原话“From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects. (从第一次尝试来看，我们的数据在这三方面都前景可观。)”可知，他认为初始测试数据在三个核心指标上都展现出巨大潜力。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, the researchers need to get the technology out of the lab and into practical systems that can be used commercially and that scale up without any issues. Eventually, these systems could be used for heating as well as cooling. Ongoing investigations are trying different salts to see which combinations might be most effective at drawing heat from a space. (现如今，研究人员需要把这项技术从实验室推向实际商用设备，实现无问题规模化应用。最终，这套系统既可以制冷，也可以用于供暖。研究还在测试不同盐类，探寻哪种组合吸热效果最佳。)”可知，研究者还需要把这项技术从实验室落地到可商用的实际系统，目前也正在测试不同盐类的组合效果，说明后续还需要更多测试优化。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication. It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust. However, developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another. ___16___ Develop active listening. ___17___ Giving your full attention to your partner and keeping eye contact are examples of active listening. Avoid asking questions or responding before they have completed speaking. To create a secure environment for real discussion, demonstrate empathy (共情) and understand their feelings. ___18___ Communication is more than just the words that you speak. Good communication takes place in body language, facial expressions, and the tone of voice. When talking about delicate subjects, be open-minded and convey your feelings with a respectful tone of voice. Practice empathy and understanding. Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication. ___19___ Empathy allows you to connect on a deeper level and creates an atmosphere of each other’s support. Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. Schedule regular conversations. Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status. ___20___ They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. Relationship communication can be improved with work. Learning how to speak with empathy can help you build a solid foundation of trust and understanding. Stay committed to the journey of open communication, and you will find that your bond will grow stronger and deeper over time. A. Pay attention to non-verbal communication. B. Try to respect the other in your communication. C. In fact, a key part of good communication is listening. D. These purposeful discussions offer a chance to address your issues. E. While communicating, make sure that you understand every word the other said. F. Seek to understand your partner’s viewpoint and emotions, even when you disagree. G. Here are some tips to help communicate more effectively and strengthen your relationship. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲明了为了建立幸福关系，帮助有效沟通，提供了一些建议。 【16题详解】 上文“The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication. It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust. However, developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another. (任何幸福关系的基础都是良好的沟通。它通过训练理解和信任来加深伴侣之间的联系。然而，发展这种技能既需要努力，也需要准备好彼此敞开心扉。)”说明幸福关系的基础是良好的沟通，而沟通需要技巧，选项G“这里有一些建议可以帮助你更有效地沟通，加强你们的关系。”承接上文，点明本文主题：为了建立幸福关系，帮助有效沟通，提供一些建议，引出下列各段内容。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文主题句“Develop active listening. (培养积极倾听的能力。)”说明本段建议积极倾听，选项C“事实上，良好沟通的一个关键部分是倾听。”承接上文，强调良好的沟通关键是倾听。选项中listening和上文词汇重叠，语义一致，故选C项。 【18题详解】 下文“Communication is more than just the words that you speak. Good communication takes place in body language, facial expressions, and the tone of voice. (交流不仅仅是你说的话。良好的沟通发生在肢体语言、面部表情和语调中。)”说明良好的沟通需要肢体语言等非语言的交流，选项A“注意非语言交流。”引领下文，点明本段主题。故选A项。 【19题详解】 上文“Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication. (同理心和理解对于建立良好的沟通大有帮助。)”及下文“Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. (与你的伴侣交流时不要妄加评判，试着设身处地地为他们着想。)”说明要有同理心并且理解对方，设身处地为他们着想，选项F“试着去理解你伴侣的观点和情感，即使你不同意。”承上启下，说明了即使不同意，也要理解对方的观点和情感。语义一致，故选F项。 【20题详解】 上文“Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status. (抽时间定期交谈，谈谈你们的关系状况。)”建议要抽时间沟通关系状况，选项D“这些有目的的讨论提供了一个解决你的问题的机会。”承接上文，说明这些沟通能提供解决问题的机会，下文“They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. (这也是一个认识彼此成就的机会，同时也加强了你们的情感纽带。)”提出这些沟通的另一个作用，与之并列。故选D项。 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a science teacher, I am always looking for innovative ways to engage my students and make learning fun. One of my most memorable experiences involved an egg, a bottle, and a group of curious 4th ____21____. We were learning about air pressure, and I had planned a simple ____22____ to demonstrate the concept. I brought a hard-boiled egg, a glass bottle with a narrow neck, and a small piece of paper. The ____23____ was to get the egg inside the bottle without breaking it. I ____24____ my students around the table and asked them how they thought it could be done. The children shared their ideas, and we discussed the ____25____ reasons behind each suggestion. It was fascinating to see their ____26____ at work, trying to solve the problem. Then, I lit the piece of paper on fire and dropped it into the bottle. As the ____27____ consumed the oxygen inside, the air pressure decreased. I ____28____placed the egg on top of the bottle, and to the amazement of my students, the egg was sucked ____29____. The room was filled with gasps and ____30____ chatter, as the children marveled (惊叹) at the demonstration. This simple experiment ____31____ their curiosity and reinforced the concept of air pressure in a(n) ____32____ and memorable way. Looking back, I feel grateful for moments like these, where the ____33____ of learning comes alive in the classroom. It’s a reminder of why I chose to become a(n) ____34____ —to provide students with experiences that arouse their passion for ____35____. 21. A. players B. graders C. consumers D. assistants 22. A. experiment B. game C. joke D. surprise 23. A. answer B. conflict C. tension D. objective 24. A. gathered B. favored C. honored D. comforted 25. A. enthusiastic B. temporary C. scientific D. challenging 26. A. laughter B. tears C. minds D. plans 27. A. flame B. air C. water D. paper 28. A. interestingly B. quickly C. rarely D. tirelessly 29. A. upwards B. inside C. away D. hard 30. A. uncertain B. strange C. excited D. kind 31. A. limited B. separated C. sparked D. compared 32. A. forgettable B. fun C. expensive D. scary 33. A. joy B. training C. anxiety D. patience 34. A. explorer B. expert C. learner D. teacher 35. A. fortune B. agreement C. amazement D. knowledge 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是身为科学老师的作者通过一个有趣的实验来给学生教气压的知识的一段经历。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最难忘的经历之一是一个鸡蛋，一个瓶子，和一群好奇的四年级学生。A. players球员；B. graders特定年级的学生；C. consumers消费者；D. assistants助手。根据上文“As a science teacher”可知，作者是一个老师，所以这里是说的好奇的四年级的学生。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在学习气压，我计划了一个简单的实验来演示这个概念。A. experiment实验；B. game游戏；C. joke玩笑；D. surprise惊讶。根据上文“We were learning about air pressure”和第11空前的“This simple experiment”可知，作者给学生教气压的知识，所以此处是说要做实验来演示这个概念。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：目标是在不打破瓶子的情况下把鸡蛋放进瓶子里。A. answer回答；B. conflict矛盾；C. tension紧张；D. objective目标。根据下文“to get the egg inside the bottle without breaking it”可知，不打破瓶子的情况下把鸡蛋放进瓶子里是实验的目标。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把学生们叫到桌子周围，问他们认为怎样才能做到。A. gathered聚集；B. favored有利于；C. honored尊敬；D. comforted安慰。根据下文“my students around the table”和第一段的“As a science teacher”可知，作者是老师，所以是把学生叫过来，聚集在桌子的周围，然后问他们问题。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们分享了他们的想法，我们讨论了每个建议背后的科学原因。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. temporary暂时的；C. scientific科学的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据第一段的“As a science teacher”可知，作者是科学老师，肯定是问学生每个建议背后的科学原因。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到他们绞尽脑汁想办法解决这个问题，真是令人着迷。A. laughter笑；B. tears眼泪；C. minds智慧，思维方式；D. plans计划。根据上文“how they thought it could be done”可知，作者让学生思考他们如何才能做到，因此学生要动脑筋想办法，空格处意为“智慧，思维方式”。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着火焰消耗了内部的氧气，空气压力下降。A. flame火焰；B. air空气；C. water水；D. paper纸。根据上文“I lit the piece of paper on fire and dropped it into the bottle”和常识可知，作者把烧着的纸扔进瓶子里，纸燃烧产生的火焰会消耗瓶子里的氧气。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我迅速把鸡蛋放在瓶子上，令学生们惊讶的是，鸡蛋被吸进去了。A. interestingly有趣的是；B. quickly快速地；C. rarely很少；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据下文“placed the egg on top of the bottle”可知，瓶子里的氧气被消耗完了，所以这个时候作者要快速地把鸡蛋放到瓶口。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我迅速把鸡蛋放在瓶子上，令学生们惊讶的是，鸡蛋被吸进去了。A. upwards向上；B. inside在（或向）里面；C. away不在，离开；D. hard努力地。根据上文“The__3___ was to get the egg inside the bottle without breaking it”可知，实验的目标是在不打破瓶子的情况下把鸡蛋放进瓶子里，根据前面的“to the amazement of my students”可知，实验的目标达成了，鸡蛋进了瓶子里。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们对演示感到惊奇时，房间里充满了喘息和兴奋的喋喋不休。A. uncertain不确定的；B. strange奇怪的；C. excited激动的；D. kind善良的。根据上文“to the amazement of my students”和下文“the children marveled (惊叹) at the demonstration”可知，学生对这个实验的结果感到惊讶，因此感到很兴奋。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的实验激发了他们的好奇心，并以一种有趣而难忘的方式强化了气压的概念。A. limited限制；B. separated分开；C. sparked引发，触发；D. compared比较。根据第一段的“a group of curious 4th ___1__”和下文“their curiosity”可知，实验激发了学生的好奇心。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个简单的实验激发了他们的好奇心，并以一种有趣而难忘的方式强化了气压的概念。A. forgettable易被忘记的；B. fun有趣的；C. expensive贵的；D. scary可怕的。根据上文“I lit the piece of paper on fire and dropped it into the bottle”和鸡蛋在瓶子没被打碎的情况下进了瓶子里可知，这个实验是很有趣的。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我很感激这样的时刻，在课堂上学习的乐趣变得生动起来。A. joy乐趣；B. training训练；C. anxiety焦虑；D. patience耐心。根据上文“reinforced the concept of air pressure in a(n) ___12__and memorable way”可知，实验很有趣，学生应该是在课堂学习中得到了乐趣。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我为什么选择成为一名教师——为学生提供激发他们对知识的热情的经历。A. explorer探险者；B. expert专家；C. learner学习者；D. teacher教师。根据第一段的“As a science teacher”可知，作者是一名教师。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我为什么选择成为一名教师——为学生提供激发他们对知识的热情的经历。A. fortune好运；B. agreement协议；C. amazement惊奇；D. knowledge知识。根据第一段的“As a science teacher, I am always looking for innovative ways to engage my students and make learning fun”可知，作者是老师，肯定是想激发学生对知识的热情。故选D。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s food market is being reshaped by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ____36____(regard) as a niche(小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. In the past few years, the category ____37____ (balloon) into a multibillion-yuan industry, fueled by busier lifestyles, advances in processing and official support that has turned ____38____ began as a consumer trend into a strategic priority. ____39____ (analyst) expect the market’s value to top 749 billion yuan by 2026. Investors have piled in: from food processors to cold-chain logistics (物流) providers and the latter____40____ (be) critical. Without reliable refrigeration, the promise of scale collapses. Progress has been made, but gaps remain in building ____41____ cost-effective distribution network. Policy has kept pace. In 2022 Guangdong issued “Ten Measures” ____42____ (promote) the industry while in 2023 the central government mentioned pre-prepared meals in its annual No.1 Document, ____43____ (place) them on the national strategic agenda. Yet the lack of national standards was exposed, sparking calls for ____44____ (clear) definitions and tighter oversight. Regulators face a delicate balance: encourage innovation while protecting consumers. The challenge is to ensure that the appeal of convenience does not come _____45_____ the cost of nutrition and quality. 【答案】36. regarded 37. has ballooned 38. what 39. Analysts 40. are 41. a 42. to promote 43. placing 44. clearer 45. at 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国“预制菜”市场的兴起、发展现状、政策支持以及面临的挑战。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：曾经被视为一种小众的便利食品，它们现在的范围从半成品炒菜到只需加热的完全做好的饭菜。空白处在句子中作状语，regard与其逻辑主语they之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，这一品类已迅速壮大为一个价值数十亿元的产业，这得益于人们愈发忙碌的生活方式、加工技术的进步，以及官方支持——正是这种支持，将最初源于消费者的趋势转化为了一项战略重点。根据时间状语“In the past few years”可知，本句讲述过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时。 【38题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：同上。本句为包含宾语从句的复合句，从句中缺少主语，且指代事物，应用what引导宾语从句。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：分析师预计，到2026年该市场的价值将超过7490亿元。analyst是可数名词，此处泛指“分析师们”，且作主语，应用复数形式，句首单词首字母大写。 【40题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：投资者纷纷涌入：从食品加工商到冷链物流提供商，后者至关重要。the latter为主语，指代“cold-chain logistics providers(冷链物流提供商)”，为复数概念，且描述的是当前事实，谓语动词应用一般现在时，be动词用are。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然已经取得了一些进展，但在建设一个具有成本效益的分销网络方面仍存在差距。network是可数名词单数形式，此处泛指“一个具有成本效益的分销网络”，且cost-effective发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，广东出台了“十条措施”以促进该行业的发展，2023年，中央政府在其年度一号文件中提到了预制菜，将其置于国家战略议程上。此处作状语表示目的，应用动词不定式。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，广东出台了“十条措施”以促进该行业的发展，2023年，中央政府在其年度一号文件中提到了预制菜，将其置于国家战略议程上。此处为非谓语动词作状语，place与其逻辑主语“the central government”之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。 【44题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，缺乏国家标准的问题也暴露了出来，引发了对更清晰的定义和更严格的监管的呼声。根据“definitions(定义)”可知，此处表示“更清晰的定义”，与后文“tighter oversight”形成并列，应用比较级形式。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：挑战在于确保便利性的吸引力不会以牺牲营养和质量为代价。come at the cost of是固定短语，意为“以……为代价”。 第三部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，剑桥大学将举办国际青少年文化交流营（International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp），现已开放申请，请你给其负责人Henry写一封邮件申请参加。内容包括： 1. 自我介绍并提出申请； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达希望。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Henry, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Henry, My name is Li Hua, a 17-year-old student from Hunan Province, China. I am writing to seek the opportunity to participate in the International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp. I believe I am an ideal candidate for this program. My cheerful personality allows me to build positive relationships with others; thus, I am eager to bring my energy to this program. Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly. I sincerely hope to be granted this valuable opportunity. I would appreciate it if you could spare your precious time to consider my request. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给国际青少年文化交流营（International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp）的负责人写一封邮件申请参加文化交流营。 【详解】1.词汇积累 相信：believe → be confident 个性：personality → individuality 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 考虑：consider → take…into account 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly. 拓展句：Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, which enables me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I believe I am an ideal candidate for this program.（运用了省略连接词的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Furthermore, with over a decade of English study, I possess a strong command of the language, enabling me to share Chinese culture with foreigners effortlessly.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. My best friend Leo has lived with his grandmother since he was a baby. With Mother’s Day just around the corner, my family kindly invited Leo and his grandma to our home for a warm Mother’s Day tea party, hoping to make the day special for both elders. To add more heartfelt warmth to the celebration, I suggested that we go to the downtown flower shop to pick out perfect gifts for the two mothers. Leo agreed eagerly, his eyes lighting up at the thought of giving his grandma a lovely surprise. Upon entering the shop, we were immediately surrounded by a sea of fresh flowers and various items — colorful bouquets (花束), delicate greeting cards, and even tiny flower-themed brooches (胸针). But when we checked the price tags of the roses and lilies that Leo thought his grandma would love, he let out a heavy sigh. “I really want to buy a bouquet for Grandma, but my pocket money is only enough for a single rose,” he said, his shoulders drooping in disappointment. We walked home with heavy steps, feeling totally defeated by the unaffordable flowers. Just as we turned into our neighborhood, we saw our neighbor Mrs. Thompson standing by her garden, looking worried. She waved at us and called out, “Good morning, boys!” Leo waved back politely. “Good morning, Mrs. Thompson! Your garden is always so beautiful with all those flowers.” “Oh, it’s a total mess these days,” she complained with a frown. “My back has been hurting badly lately, and I haven’t had the strength to weed or trim (修剪) the plants. The roses are overgrown, and the daisies are almost hidden by weeds.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1: “I’ve got time to help.” Leo offered. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: It was time to present our carefully prepared gifts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “I’ve got time to help.” Leo offered. Mrs. Thompson froze for a second, then her frown smoothed out and a warm smile spread across her face. She nodded in relief. We rolled up our sleeves at once. Leo pulled weeds around daisies gently while I trimmed overgrown rose branches. The morning sun warmed our backs as we worked, and Mrs. Thompson gave us cold lemonade. After our work, the garden became neat and vibrant. To show gratitude, she cut a small bouquet of pink roses and white daisies for us. Leo held the flowers tightly, wearing a big smile. Soon Mother’s Day arrived. It was time to present our carefully prepared gifts. Leo and I exchanged a secret glance, too excited to hide our joy. I merrily presented my mom with the rose bouquet I made, her face glowing with happiness. Leo walked to his grandma with the bouquet and a handmade card, on which he drew a little boy and his grandma holding hands. His grandma hugged him tightly, tears of joy welling up in her eyes. She whispered it was her best-ever Mother’s Day gift. The tea party was full of warm laughter, and this special day would stay fresh in our memory forever. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者和好友Leo为母亲节挑选礼物时因预算不足而沮丧，后在帮助邻居整理花园时意外收获鲜花，最终为两位母亲送上真挚祝福的温暖故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写Leo主动帮忙后，Mrs. Thompson的反应、两人的劳动过程、花园的变化，以及获赠花束作为回报。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写两人在母亲节当天献上花束和卡片，两位母亲感动落泪，茶会充满温馨欢笑。 2.续写线索：主动帮忙——劳动整理花园——获赠花束——母亲节献礼——母亲感动——茶会温馨欢乐 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拥抱：hug/embrace/give a warm hug ②低声说：whisper/murmur/say in a low voice 情绪类 ①激动的：excited/thrilled/overjoyed ②喜悦：joy/delight/pleasure 【点睛】【高分句型1】Leo walked to his grandma with the bouquet and a handmade card, on which he drew a little boy and his grandma holding hands. (运用了“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】His grandma hugged him tightly, tears of joy welling up in her eyes. (运用了独立主格结构作伴随状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二上学期第二次段考试题 英 语 本试卷共8页，共计120分，折合为150分。考试用时120分钟。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A While some customs like setting off fireworks and counting down the last few seconds seem universal, many countries have their own unique New Year’s Eve traditions. Denmark: Break plates A Danish tradition is to throw plates and dishes against friend’s and neighbor’s front doors. It’s a bit of a popularity contest as the bigger the pile of broken china is the next morning, the more friends and good luck you’ll have in the coming year. Germany: Pouring lead In Germany, people melt small pieces of lead in a spoon over a candle, then pour the liquid into cold water. The shapes from the lead pouring are supposed to reveal what the year ahead will bring. If the lead forms a ball, luck will roll one’s way, while the shape of a crown means wealth; a cross means death and a star will bring happiness. Spain: Twelve grapes of luck In Spain, one New Year’s tradition is to eat 12 grapes, one for each month of the coming year, to secure prosperity (繁荣). You need to eat one grape with each bell strike at midnight. The tradition dates from 1909 when farmers in Alicante came up with this idea to sell more grapes after an exceptional harvest. Philippines: Round food, round clothes, round everything In the Philippines, the start of the new year is all about the money. The locals believe that surrounding themselves with round things (to represent coins) will bring money or fortune. As a result, clothes with dots are worn and round food is eaten. 1. What is believed to bring good luck for the coming new year in Denmark? A. A red candle. B. Round food. C. Broken china. D. A lead cross. 2. What inspired the New Year’s tradition of eating grapes? A. A way to make coins. B. An act to keep power. C. A desire to be popular. D. An idea to gain profit. 3. Which section of a magazine is the text probably taken from? A. Fashion. B. Travel. C. Culture. D. Entertainment. B For Katie Lewis, Ph.D., every soil sample, every field trial and every long day in the West Texas sun comes down to one thing — helping farmers build a future that lasts. That commitment runs deep. Lewis grew up on a farm, married a farmer, and now raises her children on the same type of land her research aims to protect. Lewis, like many Texas farmers, has experienced firsthand the hardships and seasonal ups and downs of the market. As a Texas A&M AgriLife Research soil chemistry and fertility scientist, she works each day to ensure that future generations of Texas farmers can thrive. As a child, Katie Lewis carried around a cigar box with batteries and wires, begging her parents for an at-home science kit to feed her growing curiosity about how things worked. That wonder was inspired by a high school science teacher, who turned every lesson into a discovery. These influences didn’t just spark interest; they guided her clear choice of study in higher education. Lewis earned a bachelor’s degree in chemistry, but her early years spent on a farm added a unique layer to her academic journey. Now in her 11th year with AgriLife Research, Lewis is looking for environmentally and economically sustainable management strategies for farmers and their cropping systems. More recently, Lewis is tackling carbon dynamics in semi-arid (半干旱) environments — work backed by more than $15 million in funding over the past few years. For Lewis, though, her impact isn’t only at the farm level; it scales through to the next generation of those who love the science. Her graduate training program has graduated 30 master’s students and 19 doctoral students, with six serving as scientists at land-grant institutions. “It is not just about the research,” Lewis said. “It’s about training the next generation of soil scientists to continue to be curious, think outside the box and find solutions to the challenges that agriculture faces.” 4. What is the main idea of paragraph 2? A. Why soil science degrees matter to Lewis. B. How AgriLife Research helps local farmers. C. Why local farming faces seasonal hardships. D. How Lewis’ upbringing fueled her ambition. 5. How can Lewis be described as a student? A. Demanding. B. Self-motivated. C. Inspirational. D. Self-sacrificing. 6. What is Lewis’ research focus? A. Sustainable farming in severe places. B. Analyzing soil nutrients in a new way. C. Economical strategies for Texas farmers. D. Managing farm produce with efficiency. 7. Why did Lewis establish a graduate training program? A. To boost her impact in farming study. B. To advocate the research in agriculture. C. To expand the size of local institutions. D. To promote the idea of land protection. C Having an extra slice of cake, buying expensive clothes, or sleeping in until 11 A.M. may bring you great enjoyment. It might be something that makes your week worth it or how you get through a stressful day. Still, you may feel embarrassment or shame if you admit to it. This is why “guilty pleasures” exist. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. Perhaps we don’t feel we deserved it, or we don’t think it was a responsible way to spend our money. What if we told you that you shouldn’t feel bad about your guilty pleasures and that they are actually fantastic for you? Keep reading to discover why you should indulge occasionally. Psychologists say that buying things for yourself can make you feel better because it gives you a chance to take control of your situation. It can also give you social contact and a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image. When you feel under the weather, treating yourself might be the lift you need. When you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself and maintaining a positive outlook. Permitting yourself to enjoy things can help you deal with symptoms of anxiety and depression. It can even be a protective factor against depression. Life isn’t easy and when we’re struggling, we need to be kind to ourselves. Indulging in the things that bring us joy can envelop us in comfort during tough times. As long as your guilty pleasure is harmless, there is no reason not to do it. Our brain’s neural (神经的) pathways light up when we do things we enjoy. This makes it easier to gain feelings of happiness. As we said earlier, guilt and happiness can be mixed up in our minds. Rather than fighting them or trying to replace them, welcome them. Eventually, embracing these feelings can enhance your overall well-being and happiness. 8. According to the passage, which of the following is considered “guilty pleasures”? A. Eating favourite food against given diet. B. Saving money for holiday entertainment. C. Window shopping during your spare time. D. Enjoying a cup of coffee after a day’s work. 9. Which is closest to the meaning of the underlined word “indulge”? A. ignore expense. B. embrace oneself. C. satisfy oneself. D. deny guilty feelings. 10. Why does shopping for yourself help you feel better? A. It stresses the importance of appearance. B. It promotes control and faith in yourself. C. It keeps you from running into bad weather. D. It provides you a channel for self-reflection. 11. What is the most suitable title for this passage? A. Why Guilty Pleasures May Boost Well-being. B. How We Can Stop Wasting Money on Treats. C. Why Comfort Shopping Is Entirely Harmless. D. How We Remove Unnecessary Sense of Guilt. D Typical refrigeration (冷藏) systems transport heat away from a space via a fluid (流体) that absorbs heat as it turns into a gas, which is then transported through a closed tube and changed back into a liquid. Effective as this process is, some of the choice materials we use as refrigerants are particularly unfriendly to the environment. There is, however, more than one way a substance can be forced to take in and give out heat energy. The ionocaloric cycle, a method developed by researchers from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, takes advantage of the way that energy is stored or released when a material changes state. Raise the temperature on a block of ice and it’ll melt. What we might not see so easily is that melting absorbs heat from its surroundings, effectively cooling it. One way to force ice to melt without needing to turn up the heat is to add a few charged particles, or ions (离子). Putting salt on roads to prevent ice from forming is a common example of this in action. The ionocaloric cycle also uses salt to change a fluid’s state and cool its surroundings. The researchers modeled the theory of this cycle to show how it could potentially compete with, or even improve upon, the efficiency of refrigerants in use today. A current running through the system would move the ions in it, shifting the material’s melting point to change temperature. “There are three things we’re trying to balance: the GWP (global warming potential) of the refrigerant, energy efficiency, and the cost of the equipment itself,” said engineer Ravi Prasher from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. “From the first try, our data looks very promising on all three of these aspects.” The systems currently used in refrigeration processes rely on gases that have high GWP. Now, the researchers need to get the technology out of the lab and into practical systems that can be used commercially and that scale up without any issues. Eventually, these systems could be used for heating as well as cooling. Ongoing investigations are trying different salts to see which combinations might be most effective at drawing heat from a space. 12. How does the article introduce its topic in paragraph 1? A. By introducing the process of global warming. B. By showing the effectiveness of current process. C. By describing limitation of existing refrigeration. D. By inspiring actions of environmental protection. 13. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3? A. How the ionocaloric cycle functions. B. Why salt can prevent road icing. C. What the chemical composition of ions is. D. What a more effective ice-melting method is. 14. What did Prasher think of the initial test result? A. It remains understudied. B. It proves unpredictable. C. It shows great potential. D. It needs more investment. 15. What can be inferred about the research in the last paragraph? A. Market sales have begun. B. Mass production is coming. C. Investigation has completed. D. Further Testing is necessary. 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The foundation of any happy relationship is good communication. It deepens the bond between partners by training understanding and trust. However, developing this skill requires both work and a readiness to be open with one another. ___16___ Develop active listening. ___17___ Giving your full attention to your partner and keeping eye contact are examples of active listening. Avoid asking questions or responding before they have completed speaking. To create a secure environment for real discussion, demonstrate empathy (共情) and understand their feelings. ___18___ Communication is more than just the words that you speak. Good communication takes place in body language, facial expressions, and the tone of voice. When talking about delicate subjects, be open-minded and convey your feelings with a respectful tone of voice. Practice empathy and understanding. Empathy and understanding can go a long way in creating good communication. ___19___ Empathy allows you to connect on a deeper level and creates an atmosphere of each other’s support. Engage with your partner without judgment and try to put yourself in their shoes. Schedule regular conversations. Make time for regular conversations to talk about your relationship’s status. ___20___ They are also a chance to recognize each other’s accomplishments as well as strengthen your emotional bond. Relationship communication can be improved with work. Learning how to speak with empathy can help you build a solid foundation of trust and understanding. Stay committed to the journey of open communication, and you will find that your bond will grow stronger and deeper over time. A. Pay attention to non-verbal communication. B. Try to respect the other in your communication. C. In fact, a key part of good communication is listening. D. These purposeful discussions offer a chance to address your issues. E. While communicating, make sure that you understand every word the other said. F. Seek to understand your partner’s viewpoint and emotions, even when you disagree. G. Here are some tips to help communicate more effectively and strengthen your relationship. 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a science teacher, I am always looking for innovative ways to engage my students and make learning fun. One of my most memorable experiences involved an egg, a bottle, and a group of curious 4th ____21____. We were learning about air pressure, and I had planned a simple ____22____ to demonstrate the concept. I brought a hard-boiled egg, a glass bottle with a narrow neck, and a small piece of paper. The ____23____ was to get the egg inside the bottle without breaking it. I ____24____ my students around the table and asked them how they thought it could be done. The children shared their ideas, and we discussed the ____25____ reasons behind each suggestion. It was fascinating to see their ____26____ at work, trying to solve the problem. Then, I lit the piece of paper on fire and dropped it into the bottle. As the ____27____ consumed the oxygen inside, the air pressure decreased. I ____28____placed the egg on top of the bottle, and to the amazement of my students, the egg was sucked ____29____. The room was filled with gasps and ____30____ chatter, as the children marveled (惊叹) at the demonstration. This simple experiment ____31____ their curiosity and reinforced the concept of air pressure in a(n) ____32____ and memorable way. Looking back, I feel grateful for moments like these, where the ____33____ of learning comes alive in the classroom. It’s a reminder of why I chose to become a(n) ____34____ —to provide students with experiences that arouse their passion for ____35____. 21. A. players B. graders C. consumers D. assistants 22. A. experiment B. game C. joke D. surprise 23. A. answer B. conflict C. tension D. objective 24. A. gathered B. favored C. honored D. comforted 25. A. enthusiastic B. temporary C. scientific D. challenging 26. A. laughter B. tears C. minds D. plans 27. A. flame B. air C. water D. paper 28. A. interestingly B. quickly C. rarely D. tirelessly 29. A. upwards B. inside C. away D. hard 30. A. uncertain B. strange C. excited D. kind 31. A. limited B. separated C. sparked D. compared 32. A. forgettable B. fun C. expensive D. scary 33. A. joy B. training C. anxiety D. patience 34. A. explorer B. expert C. learner D. teacher 35. A. fortune B. agreement C. amazement D. knowledge 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s food market is being reshaped by the rise of “pre-prepared dishes”. Once ____36____(regard) as a niche(小众的) convenience, they now range from semi-finished stir-fries to fully cooked meals that only need reheating. In the past few years, the category ____37____ (balloon) into a multibillion-yuan industry, fueled by busier lifestyles, advances in processing and official support that has turned ____38____ began as a consumer trend into a strategic priority. ____39____ (analyst) expect the market’s value to top 749 billion yuan by 2026. Investors have piled in: from food processors to cold-chain logistics (物流) providers and the latter____40____ (be) critical. Without reliable refrigeration, the promise of scale collapses. Progress has been made, but gaps remain in building ____41____ cost-effective distribution network. Policy has kept pace. In 2022 Guangdong issued “Ten Measures” ____42____ (promote) the industry while in 2023 the central government mentioned pre-prepared meals in its annual No.1 Document, ____43____ (place) them on the national strategic agenda. Yet the lack of national standards was exposed, sparking calls for ____44____ (clear) definitions and tighter oversight. Regulators face a delicate balance: encourage innovation while protecting consumers. The challenge is to ensure that the appeal of convenience does not come _____45_____ the cost of nutrition and quality. 第三部分 写作(满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，剑桥大学将举办国际青少年文化交流营（International Youth Cultural Exchange Camp），现已开放申请，请你给其负责人Henry写一封邮件申请参加。内容包括： 1. 自我介绍并提出申请； 2. 个人优势； 3. 表达希望。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Henry, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. My best friend Leo has lived with his grandmother since he was a baby. With Mother’s Day just around the corner, my family kindly invited Leo and his grandma to our home for a warm Mother’s Day tea party, hoping to make the day special for both elders. To add more heartfelt warmth to the celebration, I suggested that we go to the downtown flower shop to pick out perfect gifts for the two mothers. Leo agreed eagerly, his eyes lighting up at the thought of giving his grandma a lovely surprise. Upon entering the shop, we were immediately surrounded by a sea of fresh flowers and various items — colorful bouquets (花束), delicate greeting cards, and even tiny flower-themed brooches (胸针). But when we checked the price tags of the roses and lilies that Leo thought his grandma would love, he let out a heavy sigh. “I really want to buy a bouquet for Grandma, but my pocket money is only enough for a single rose,” he said, his shoulders drooping in disappointment. We walked home with heavy steps, feeling totally defeated by the unaffordable flowers. Just as we turned into our neighborhood, we saw our neighbor Mrs. Thompson standing by her garden, looking worried. She waved at us and called out, “Good morning, boys!” Leo waved back politely. “Good morning, Mrs. Thompson! Your garden is always so beautiful with all those flowers.” “Oh, it’s a total mess these days,” she complained with a frown. “My back has been hurting badly lately, and I haven’t had the strength to weed or trim (修剪) the plants. The roses are overgrown, and the daisies are almost hidden by weeds.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Para 1: “I’ve got time to help.” Leo offered. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Para 2: It was time to present our carefully prepared gifts. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $