精品解析：江苏省扬州中学联培部2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

江苏省扬州中学联培部2024-2025高二上期中考试 英语 2024.11 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck What’s in it for me? If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup.merckgroup.com Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck. 1. Who can apply to participate in the event? A. High school students interested in life science. B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics. C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance. D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs. 2. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation. B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition C. To promote the Merck company around the world. D. To inform alumni of an important conference. 3. Which of the following is true about the event? A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food. B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations. C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes. D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months. B When Areej El-Jawahri, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, signed the contract to purchase the house specially designed to fit the needs of multigenerational (多代的) residents, she knew she wanted her parents, who then lived in Michigan, to join her. “I wanted them to be in a state where I could help manage their health care needs,” she said. “As an only child from a Middle Eastern background, our culture is all about family units.” El-Jawahri’s choice was not unique. A Pew Research Center analysis found that from 1971 to 2021, the number of people living in multigenerational households increased, with the share of the US population in these homes more than doubling, from 7 percent in 1971 to 18 percent in 2021. “Rents in Boston are so high that I see lots of multigenerational living. Many young people move back in with their parents,” said Connie Brown, a global real estate adviser in Charlestown. “I have a rental apartment that’s $5, 000 a month, and we collect the first month’s rent, a security deposit (保证金), and our service fee, so it’s $20, 000 just to walk into the door.” One of Brown’s clients, Brian Lash changed space over his garage to an apartment for his 92-year-old dad. “Living with my dad for those months was wonderful,” he said, noting that his father has since passed away. “We watched basketball, baseball, and golf, we went out for dinner, and I cooked for him. Those are the days I would never have had if I hadn’t built that apartment.” Still, experts encourage people to have an open conversation before they move in together. They propose that both parties talk about whether there are shared expenses and who is responsible for what and that they put their agreements in writing. Cohabitation (同居) agreements are common among friends, but they are equally crucial for multigenerational families. Putting it in writing at the beginning of the process enables people to clarify viewpoints, and sometimes allows them to decide whether to move in together or not. 4. Why did El-Jawahri purchase the specially designed house? A. To ensure that her parents could be better cared. B. To follow the traditional virtues of American culture. C. To experience culture in a multigenerational community. D. To acquire more household property in Boston for herself. 5. What does the Pew Research Center analysis show about multigenerational living? A. It is popular with Middle Easterners. B. It is mainly favored by senior citizens. C. It has seen greater acceptance in the US. D. It frequently occurs in single-child families. 6. What did Brian Lash think of his living with his father? A. It provided financial savings. B. It aroused his interest in sports. C. It left warm memories in his mind. D. It brought great changes to his daily life. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The reasons for people living together B. Suggestions on harmonious cohabitation. C. Convenience brought about by cohabitation. D. The importance of multigenerational families. C Recently, as I watched my son Nathan play basketball for his high school team, I was starting to feel sorry for myself and for him. His team was facing adversity (逆境) on the court and he was playing in a hostile environment —it was the opponent’s home gym filled with their supporters, and Nathan’s team was trailing (落后) for three quarters of the game. As for me, I had been fired from my job earlier in the day. During my drive to where the game was held, I kept telling myself “I will find work again in a short time”—I am confident in my experience and abilities. This was the same belief that I tried to instill in my son. The basketball game entered the fourth quarter with Nathan’s team still trailing. I saw the determination on his, as well as his teammates’ faces as they fought back to not only tie the game, but then go ahead by three points. Then, a player from the other team made an unbelievable shot to tie the game up again. With a tie game (平局) and seconds on the clock, Nathan found himself with the ball and with skill and confidence, he proceeded to make the basket with a defender hanging all over him. The other player was called for a foul (犯规). As Nathan stood at the foul line preparing for a shot that would put his team up by three points, I saw the focus and determination on his face, there was no room for self-doubt. Nathan was able to tune out all the distractions and nail the free throw with such skill, it was as if he had done it a thousand times. As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned on me that I had taught him perseverance in the face of adversity, and he had just taught me the same lesson. That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was blown away by the actions of my son on the basketball court. He will play in the finals, but it doesn’t matter if he wins or loses, at this moment, we both won. 8. Why did I feel sorry when watching my son’s basketball game? A. I quit my job earlier in the day. B. There were no supporters for my son’s team. C. My son’s team was facing adversity at home court. D. My son’s team was trailing for three quarters of the game. 9. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Self-doubting and pessimistic. B. Self-confident and optimistic. C. Hardworking and intelligent. D. Easy-going and warmhearted. 10. What happened in the fourth quarter of the basketball game? A. My son’s team spared no effort to fight back and finally tied the game. B. A player from my son’s team fouled during the defending process. C. My son successfully scored the free throw and put his team up by three points in the end. D. The opponent team made an unbelievable winning shot in the last seconds of the game. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Winning Matters at the Moment. B. Life Goes Just Like Playing Basketball C. From Adversity to Victory: A Lesson Learned on the Basketball Court D. From Self-doubt to Confidence: Unforgettable Basketball Moments D Press your fingers into the back of your head, just above your neck. If you feel a small bony bump (突起), you may find evidence of human evolution: it could be your body responding to common smartphone use in the 21st century. According to a recent study, published in Scientific Reports, more young people have bony bumps at the base of their skulls, right above the neck. Medical professionals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances (EEOPs, 枕外隆突). Australian health scientist David Shahar, the author of the study, told the BBC that he’s seen more and more patients with EEOPs over the past ten years. Together with other researchers from the University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, they examined 1, 200 skull x-rays from people aged 18 – 30. They also measured the bumps and noted each person’s posture. They found that one in four people had developed these growths. This led to their theory that smartphones are the cause. According to their research, looking down at our phones adds stress onto the top of our spines (脊柱). To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bump to help reduce the extra stress. Most of the EEOPs measured just a few millimeters. However, several subjects were found with EEOPs as large as 30 mm. In his report, Shahar said the results “highlighted the need” for prevention. In other words, we need to change our posture while using our phones. Many people assume our bones are solid and unmoving once we reach adulthood. In reality, they are alive and covered with blood vessels (血管), which allows them to develop in unique ways for each person. Aside from EEOPs, other noticeable recent changes in human bodies include shrinking jaws, narrower elbows and generally smaller skeletons. The human body is adapting to modern life, so who knows what people in the future might look like? 12. What did the recent study find about EEOPs? A. They grow on one’s neck. B. They can lead to many health problems. C. They may stop growing when you reach 30. D. They occur among more and more young people. 13. What is the main cause of EEOPs according to the researchers? A. Extra stress. B. Aging bones. C. Gene problems. D. Smartphone use. 14. Which of the following would Shahar probably agree with? A. EEOPs are actually beneficial to our spines. B. EEOPs increase the stress on our spines. C. Young people’s bones adapt in similar ways. D. Young people should exercise to improve their posture. 15. What’s the writing purpose of the text? A. To persuade readers to protect their spines. B. To show some recent changes in human bodies. C. To explain why human bodies develop EEOPs. D. To recommend some healthy habits of using phones. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Perform stand-up comedy Stand-up is a type of comedy in which someone performs a series of jokes in front of a live audience. Kids can create a stand-up comedy act to perform for family and friends or at a school or community talent show. ____16____ Here are some tips to help you get started. ____17____ A good first step in stand-up is watching other comedians. With an adult’s help, you can find some kid-friendly comedians on YouTube. (Some family-friendly comedians to check out together might be Jim Gaffigan and Preacher Lawson.) Pay attention to what they do during their routine and what kinds of jokes work. Write your material To begin writing jokes, start brainstorming topics. Many comedians talk about their personal experiences or make humorous observations about popular topics like sports or movies. ____18____ For example, your friends would probably understand your funny observation about middle school, but your family may not. When you have an idea for a joke, approach it like writing a short essay. It should have a beginning that hooks the listener, followed by a middle that sets up characters or provides information people need to know to understand the joke. Then finish with the point of the joke. Pull everything together Once you have several jokes written, you can add them to stand-up routine, called a “set”. A set can be anywhere from a few minutes to more than an hour, but for beginners it’s best to keep it short. ____19____ Between jokes, include transitions to help link one story to the next. You should conclude with a strong “closer”, one last joke that will leave your audience laughing. Perfect your routine Once you’ve created your set, it’s time to practice. You can perform in front of a mirror or record yourself and play it back. ____20____ Next, perform in front of a friend or family member who can help you see what people laugh at the most or tell you if any of your jokes are confusing. Take notes and make changes as necessary. A. Get inspired B. Ask for help C. These can easily meet with a favourable response from the audience. D. Think about who your audience will be and what will be relatable to them. E. Open your set with a joke that will get your audience laughing. F. This will help you see how long your set is and where you might make changes. G. Through stand-up, you get to be creative, boost your confidence, and polish your public-speaking skills 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop in Finland, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin. We were visiting family, and here she was, ___21___ the sidewalk. It didn’t ___22___ me that she would do that. Our project began when Kai ___23___ a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___24___ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ___25___. As we picked up the balloon, we could see the whole field was covered in trash. “Can we clean it?” Kai asked. Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles. After we ___26___ two bags, we stopped for the day. The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home, hot and ___27___. Our arms were scratched from brush, and it seemed we would never ___28___ those who threw trash out of car windows. When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___29___. And they—like me—____30____ her determination to create a better world. ____31____, I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒). Why are we making kids clean up our mess? So when the pandemic hit, I ____32____ our cleanup project, and we haven’t restarted it. Kai is now in third grade, and on Fridays, she’s usually biking with friends after school. She’s still ____33____ about the environment and hopes to become a marine biologist one day and study sharks. She has many years to ____34____, years in which adults will hopefully get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave children with a diminished planet and expect them to ____35____ it. 21. A. watching B. cleaning C. decorating D. measuring 22. A. surprise B. upset C. please D. embarrass 23. A. left B. caught C. threw D. spotted 24. A. break B. exchange C. replace D. mistake 25. A. set off B. turned down C. pulled over D. called off 26. A. filled B. found C. carried D. emptied 27. A. thrilled B. relaxed C. exhausted D. disappointed 28. A. get ahead of B. catch up with C. get hold of D. put up with 29. A. works B. efforts C. bravery D. generosity 30. A. joined B. criticized C. rewarded D. admired 31. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover 32. A. abandoned B. suspended C. promoted D. delayed 33. A. concerned B. practical C. optimistic D. passionate 34. A. wait B. adapt C. decide D. expect 35. A. save B. enjoy C. accept D. control 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____36____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer. In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____37____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____38____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____39____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences. For one thing, quite a few business runners rely so ____40____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____41____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____42____ (ask) to submit comments. ____43____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____44____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____45____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，上周三在学校举办的My Favorite Poem in Ancient China主题征文比赛中荣获一等奖，请给你的英国朋友Jack写一封邮件分享这次活动经历，内容包括： 1. 征文的主要内容； 2. 你的感想。 注意：写作词数为 80 词左右。 Dear Jack, I'm writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Cooperative Help It was a beautiful morning. I was in the middle of a busy day, with my mind on what I had to do next. As I drove along a busy street, I noticed a young boy walking out from the entrance to an apartment complex(公寓群)on the other side of the street. I couldn’t see beyond the entrance with trees and bushes shading it but I hoped that his family was there, about to appear behind him. The boy was young, maybe four years old, and it was a strange sight to see him alone near the busy street, even if just for a little while. I continued to look behind me but I didn’t see anyone else coming out to join him as cars ran swiftly past him. Then, I saw him turning around and running back toward the entrance. I smiled in relief, as I hoped that he was heading back towards his family. Still, I felt I should check to be sure he was safe and did a U-turn as soon as I was able. As I drove back to where I first saw him, I was expecting to see him safe, with his family around him. Instead, as I got closer, I saw that he had changed directions again, crossed the median(隔离带)and was quickly running in the opposite direction of the apartment buildings. I pulled my car over quickly and as I did so, all the cars on both sides of the street suddenly stopped as well, as if just realizing the potential danger of the situation. I crossed the street and went up to him. He stopped as I approached, looking at me cautiously and backed away slightly towards the road. I didn’t want to scare him so I bent down a bit. Seeing a piece of paper in his hand, I asked him where his parent were but he did not answer. Instead, he said he was going to where his dad worked and then continued to run away from me along the median. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At this point, a man in another car asked if I needed help and I said yes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I saw his dad racing towards us and heard him calling out the boy’s name. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省扬州中学联培部2024-2025高二上期中考试 英语 2024.11 满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A INNOVATION CUP 2022 Great minds come together at Merck What’s in it for me? If you are a post-graduate student with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry, the Merck Innovation Cup is your chance to gain in-depth knowledge about research and development, to network with top students from around the world and to build a business case together with experienced professionals. Who can apply: Advanced students and postdocs in the fields of life science, data science and business administration from all over the world can apply: Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering. Business: Advanced MBA students and recent MBA graduates with an interest in the pharmaceutical and chemical business and a science background. The Innovation Cup will comprise the following team topics: oncology, immuno-oncology, autoimmunity, drug discovery technologies digitalization. How it works: During a one-week Summer Camp, 50 selected students will attend in-depth presentations about the pharmaceutical and chemical industry given by Merck researchers and managers. The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up. A conference with alumni of previous Innovation Cup editions will be held on the first day of the Summer Camp. Further information about the program and how to apply online from November 1, 2021, until January 31, 2022: http://innovationcup.merckgroup.com Location: Near Frankfurt, Germany, June 20 - 26, 2022. Travel, accommodation and food expenses will be paid by Merck. 1. Who can apply to participate in the event? A. High school students interested in life science. B. Post-graduate students majoring in mathematics. C. MBA graduates knowledgeable about finance. D. Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs. 2. What’s the purpose of this passage? A. To deepen top students’ interest in innovation. B. To attract talent to the Innovation Cup competition C. To promote the Merck company around the world. D. To inform alumni of an important conference. 3. Which of the following is true about the event? A. Merck will cover the expenses of travel, research and food. B. The event plans to select 50 researchers to give presentations. C. The top two winners of the Cup will be awarded cash prizes. D. Applicants should apply online within a duration of two months. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年创新杯的相关内容，包括比赛的参与人员、涉及领域等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Who can apply”部分中的“Sciences: Post graduate students on their way towards a PhD in biology, medicine, biotech, bioinformatics, data sciences, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, physics or engineering.(科学：攻读生物学、医学、生物技术、生物信息学、数据科学、生物化学、化学、药学、物理学或工程学博士学位的研究生。)”可知选项D“Exceptional students specializing in developing new drugs.(专门研究新药的优秀学生。)”符合报名条件，故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了2022年创新杯的相关信息，包括该比赛的好处、报名的方式和条件等，由此可推断，文章主要是为了吸引人才参加创新杯比赛。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“How it works”部分中的“The participants will be divided into teams, work together to develop a business plan and present it to a grand jury, who will award the Merck Innovation Cup for the best plan along with a cash prize of EUR 20,000 plus EUR 5,000 for the runner-up.(参与者将被分成小组，共同制定商业计划，并将其提交给大陪审团，大陪审团将授予最佳计划默克创新杯，以及20,000欧元的现金奖励和亚军5,000欧元的奖金。)”可知，该比赛的冠军和亚军将被给予先进奖励。故选C。 B When Areej El-Jawahri, a doctor at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, signed the contract to purchase the house specially designed to fit the needs of multigenerational (多代的) residents, she knew she wanted her parents, who then lived in Michigan, to join her. “I wanted them to be in a state where I could help manage their health care needs,” she said. “As an only child from a Middle Eastern background, our culture is all about family units.” El-Jawahri’s choice was not unique. A Pew Research Center analysis found that from 1971 to 2021, the number of people living in multigenerational households increased, with the share of the US population in these homes more than doubling, from 7 percent in 1971 to 18 percent in 2021. “Rents in Boston are so high that I see lots of multigenerational living. Many young people move back in with their parents,” said Connie Brown, a global real estate adviser in Charlestown. “I have a rental apartment that’s $5, 000 a month, and we collect the first month’s rent, a security deposit (保证金), and our service fee, so it’s $20, 000 just to walk into the door.” One of Brown’s clients, Brian Lash changed space over his garage to an apartment for his 92-year-old dad. “Living with my dad for those months was wonderful,” he said, noting that his father has since passed away. “We watched basketball, baseball, and golf, we went out for dinner, and I cooked for him. Those are the days I would never have had if I hadn’t built that apartment.” Still, experts encourage people to have an open conversation before they move in together. They propose that both parties talk about whether there are shared expenses and who is responsible for what and that they put their agreements in writing. Cohabitation (同居) agreements are common among friends, but they are equally crucial for multigenerational families. Putting it in writing at the beginning of the process enables people to clarify viewpoints, and sometimes allows them to decide whether to move in together or not. 4. Why did El-Jawahri purchase the specially designed house? A. To ensure that her parents could be better cared. B. To follow the traditional virtues of American culture. C. To experience culture in a multigenerational community. D. To acquire more household property in Boston for herself. 5. What does the Pew Research Center analysis show about multigenerational living? A. It is popular with Middle Easterners. B. It is mainly favored by senior citizens. C. It has seen greater acceptance in the US. D. It frequently occurs in single-child families. 6. What did Brian Lash think of his living with his father? A. It provided financial savings. B. It aroused his interest in sports. C. It left warm memories in his mind. D. It brought great changes to his daily life. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The reasons for people living together B. Suggestions on harmonious cohabitation. C. Convenience brought about by cohabitation. D. The importance of multigenerational families. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍多代同堂的生活方式在美国越来越流行。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段“ ‘I wanted them to be in a state where I could help manage their health care needs,’ she said. ‘As an only child from a Middle Eastern background, our culture is all about family units.’(她说，‘我希望他们处于一个我可以帮助管理他们医疗需求的周。作为来自中东背景的独生子女，我们的文化都是关于家庭团体的。’)”可知，El Jawahri购买了这所特别设计的房子，是为了确保她的父母能够得到更好的照顾。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“El-Jawahri’s choice was not unique. A Pew Research Center analysis found that from 1971 to 2021, the number of people living in multigenerational households increased, with the share of the US population in these homes more than doubling, from 7 percent in 1971 to 18 percent in 2021.(El Jawahri的选择并非独一无二。Pew研究中心的一项分析发现，从1971年到2021年，生活在多代家庭中的人数有所增加，这些家庭中美国人口的比例翻了一番多，从1971的7%增加到2021的18%。)”可知，Pew研究中心数据表明多代同堂的生活方式在美国得到了更大的认可。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第四段“ ‘Living with my dad for those months was wonderful,’ he said, noting that his father has since passed away.(‘那几个月和我爸爸住在一起真是太棒了，’他说，并指出他的父亲已经去世了。)”和“We watched basketball, baseball, and golf, we went out for dinner, and I cooked for him. Those are the days I would never have had if I hadn’t built that apartment.(我们看了篮球、棒球和高尔夫，出去吃晚饭，我给他做饭。如果我没有建造那套公寓，那些日子我永远不会有。)”可知，Brian Lash认为，他和父亲住在一起给他留下了温暖的回忆。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Still, experts encourage people to have an open conversation before they move in together. They propose that both parties talk about whether there are shared expenses and who is responsible for what and that they put their agreements in writing. Cohabitation (同居)agreements are common among friends, but they are equally crucial for multigenerational families. (尽管如此，专家们还 是鼓励人们在搬到一起之前进行坦诚的交谈。他们建议双方讨论是否有共同费用，谁负责什么，并以书面形式达成协议。同居协议在朋友之间很常见，但对于多代家庭来说同样重要。)”以及下文可知，本段主要就多代和谐同居提出一些建议。故选B项。 C Recently, as I watched my son Nathan play basketball for his high school team, I was starting to feel sorry for myself and for him. His team was facing adversity (逆境) on the court and he was playing in a hostile environment —it was the opponent’s home gym filled with their supporters, and Nathan’s team was trailing (落后) for three quarters of the game. As for me, I had been fired from my job earlier in the day. During my drive to where the game was held, I kept telling myself “I will find work again in a short time”—I am confident in my experience and abilities. This was the same belief that I tried to instill in my son. The basketball game entered the fourth quarter with Nathan’s team still trailing. I saw the determination on his, as well as his teammates’ faces as they fought back to not only tie the game, but then go ahead by three points. Then, a player from the other team made an unbelievable shot to tie the game up again. With a tie game (平局) and seconds on the clock, Nathan found himself with the ball and with skill and confidence, he proceeded to make the basket with a defender hanging all over him. The other player was called for a foul (犯规). As Nathan stood at the foul line preparing for a shot that would put his team up by three points, I saw the focus and determination on his face, there was no room for self-doubt. Nathan was able to tune out all the distractions and nail the free throw with such skill, it was as if he had done it a thousand times. As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned on me that I had taught him perseverance in the face of adversity, and he had just taught me the same lesson. That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was blown away by the actions of my son on the basketball court. He will play in the finals, but it doesn’t matter if he wins or loses, at this moment, we both won. 8. Why did I feel sorry when watching my son’s basketball game? A. I quit my job earlier in the day. B. There were no supporters for my son’s team. C. My son’s team was facing adversity at home court. D. My son’s team was trailing for three quarters of the game. 9. Which of the following words can best describe the author? A. Self-doubting and pessimistic. B. Self-confident and optimistic. C. Hardworking and intelligent. D. Easy-going and warmhearted. 10. What happened in the fourth quarter of the basketball game? A. My son’s team spared no effort to fight back and finally tied the game. B. A player from my son’s team fouled during the defending process. C. My son successfully scored the free throw and put his team up by three points in the end. D. The opponent team made an unbelievable winning shot in the last seconds of the game. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Winning Matters at the Moment. B. Life Goes Just Like Playing Basketball C. From Adversity to Victory: A Lesson Learned on the Basketball Court D. From Self-doubt to Confidence: Unforgettable Basketball Moments 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者失业了，在作者怀疑自我和自怨自艾时，看到了儿子在球场上的顽强表现，这激励了作者，让他恢复了自信。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“His team was facing adversity (逆境) on the court and he was playing in a hostile environment —it was the opponent’s home gym filled with their supporters, and Nathan’s team was trailing (落后) for three quarters of the game.(他的球队在球场上面临逆境，而他在一个充满敌意的环境中打球——对手的主场体育馆里挤满了他们的支持者，内森的球队在比赛中落后了四分之三)”可知，作者的儿子的球队在比赛中落后了四分之三。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“During my drive to where the game was held, I kept telling myself “I will find work again in a short time”—I am confident in my experience and abilities. This was the same belief that I tried to instill in my son.(在驱车前往比赛举办地的路上，我一直对自己说：“我会在短时间内重新找到工作的”——我对自己的经验和能力很有信心。这也是我试图灌输给儿子的信念)” 可推知，作者对自己充满信心，同时对生活也是积极乐观的态度。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As Nathan stood at the foul line preparing for a shot that would put his team up by three points, I saw the focus and determination on his face, there was no room for self-doubt. Nathan was able to tune out all the distractions and nail the free throw with such skill, it was as if he had done it a thousand times.(当内森站在罚球线前，准备投进一个能让球队领先三分的球时，我看到了他脸上的专注和决心，没有任何自我怀疑的余地。内森能够排除一切干扰，以如此娴熟的技巧完成罚球，就好像他已经完成了一千次一样)”可知，篮球赛第四场比赛中儿子罚球很成功，最终使他的队领先三分。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned on me that I had taught him perseverance in the face of adversity, and he had just taught me the same lesson.(我坐在那里，心中充满了自豪，我突然意识到，我教会了他在逆境中坚持不懈，而他也刚刚教会了我同样的一课)”结合本文讲述了作者在观看儿子篮球比赛过程中，看到儿子球队在比赛临近尾声并处于劣势的情况下，依然满怀信心、坚持不懈，最后获得了胜利，这番情景让刚刚失业正处于沮丧不自信中的作者消除了自我怀疑，重新燃起了生活的斗志。故C选项“从逆境到胜利：在篮球场上学到的一课”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D Press your fingers into the back of your head, just above your neck. If you feel a small bony bump (突起), you may find evidence of human evolution: it could be your body responding to common smartphone use in the 21st century. According to a recent study, published in Scientific Reports, more young people have bony bumps at the base of their skulls, right above the neck. Medical professionals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances (EEOPs, 枕外隆突). Australian health scientist David Shahar, the author of the study, told the BBC that he’s seen more and more patients with EEOPs over the past ten years. Together with other researchers from the University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia, they examined 1, 200 skull x-rays from people aged 18 – 30. They also measured the bumps and noted each person’s posture. They found that one in four people had developed these growths. This led to their theory that smartphones are the cause. According to their research, looking down at our phones adds stress onto the top of our spines (脊柱). To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bump to help reduce the extra stress. Most of the EEOPs measured just a few millimeters. However, several subjects were found with EEOPs as large as 30 mm. In his report, Shahar said the results “highlighted the need” for prevention. In other words, we need to change our posture while using our phones. Many people assume our bones are solid and unmoving once we reach adulthood. In reality, they are alive and covered with blood vessels (血管), which allows them to develop in unique ways for each person. Aside from EEOPs, other noticeable recent changes in human bodies include shrinking jaws, narrower elbows and generally smaller skeletons. The human body is adapting to modern life, so who knows what people in the future might look like? 12. What did the recent study find about EEOPs? A. They grow on one’s neck. B. They can lead to many health problems. C. They may stop growing when you reach 30. D. They occur among more and more young people. 13. What is the main cause of EEOPs according to the researchers? A. Extra stress. B. Aging bones. C. Gene problems. D. Smartphone use. 14. Which of the following would Shahar probably agree with? A. EEOPs are actually beneficial to our spines. B. EEOPs increase the stress on our spines. C. Young people’s bones adapt in similar ways. D. Young people should exercise to improve their posture. 15. What’s the writing purpose of the text? A. To persuade readers to protect their spines. B. To show some recent changes in human bodies. C. To explain why human bodies develop EEOPs. D. To recommend some healthy habits of using phones. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，主要介绍了一项关于EEOPs（扩大的枕外隆突）的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“According to a recent study, published in Scientific Reports, more young people have bony bumps at the base of their skulls, right above the neck. Medical professionals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances (EEOPs, 枕外隆突)(根据最近发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究，越来越多的年轻人在他们的头骨底部、脖子正上方出现了骨质突起。医学专业人士称它们为扩大的枕外隆突).”可知，近期的研究发现越来越多的年轻人出现了枕外隆突（EEOPs）这种头骨底部、脖子上方的骨质突起，也就是EEOPs出现在越来越多的年轻人当中，故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They found that one in four people had developed these growths. This led to their theory that smartphones are the cause(他们发现四分之一的人长出了这些突起。这导致了他们的理论：智能手机是原因)”，研究人员通过对1200名18 - 30岁人群的头骨X光检查等研究后，发现四分之一的人出现了这种增生，进而得出智能手机是导致EEOPs产生的原因这一结论，所以根据研究者的观点，EEOPs的主要成因是智能手机的使用，故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bump to help reduce the extra stress(为了防止对我们的脊柱造成损害，沙哈尔认为我们的身体会长出新的骨质突起来帮助减少额外的压力)”可以看出，Shahar认为身体出现这种骨质突起（EEOPs）是为了帮助减轻脊柱额外承受的压力，由此可推知，Shahar可能会认同EEOPs实际上对我们的脊柱是有益处的这一观点，故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“According to a recent study, published in Scientific Reports, more young people have bony bumps at the base of their skulls, right above the neck. Medical professionals call them enlarged external occipital protuberances (根据最近发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究，越来越多的年轻人在他们的头骨底部、脖子正上方出现了骨质突起。医学专业人士称它们为扩大的枕外隆突)”、第四段“According to their research, looking down at our phones adds stress onto the top of our spines (脊柱). To prevent damage to our spines, Shahar believes our bodies add fresh bony bump to help reduce the extra stress(根据他们的研究，低头看手机会增加我们脊柱顶部的压力。为了防止对我们的脊柱造成损害，沙哈尔认为我们的身体会长出新的骨质突起来帮助减少额外的压力)”以及倒数第二段“Many people assume our bones are solid and unmoving once we reach adulthood. In reality, they are alive and covered with blood vessels (血管), which allows them to develop in unique ways for each person(许多人认为我们的骨骼在成年后就变得坚固且不可移动。实际上，它们是活的并且被血管覆盖，这使得它们可以以每个人独特的方式发展)”可知，文章先是引出在脖子上方头骨底部出现的EEOPs这种现象，接着讲述相关研究对其在年轻人中出现情况的发现、探讨其产生原因，然后提到了Shahar关于其作用及预防的观点等，整体都是围绕人体出现EEOPs展开的，目的是解释人体为什么会出现EEOPs这种情况，故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Perform stand-up comedy Stand-up is a type of comedy in which someone performs a series of jokes in front of a live audience. Kids can create a stand-up comedy act to perform for family and friends or at a school or community talent show. ____16____ Here are some tips to help you get started. ____17____ A good first step in stand-up is watching other comedians. With an adult’s help, you can find some kid-friendly comedians on YouTube. (Some family-friendly comedians to check out together might be Jim Gaffigan and Preacher Lawson.) Pay attention to what they do during their routine and what kinds of jokes work. Write your material To begin writing jokes, start brainstorming topics. Many comedians talk about their personal experiences or make humorous observations about popular topics like sports or movies. ____18____ For example, your friends would probably understand your funny observation about middle school, but your family may not. When you have an idea for a joke, approach it like writing a short essay. It should have a beginning that hooks the listener, followed by a middle that sets up characters or provides information people need to know to understand the joke. Then finish with the point of the joke. Pull everything together Once you have several jokes written, you can add them to stand-up routine, called a “set”. A set can be anywhere from a few minutes to more than an hour, but for beginners it’s best to keep it short. ____19____ Between jokes, include transitions to help link one story to the next. You should conclude with a strong “closer”, one last joke that will leave your audience laughing. Perfect your routine Once you’ve created your set, it’s time to practice. You can perform in front of a mirror or record yourself and play it back. ____20____ Next, perform in front of a friend or family member who can help you see what people laugh at the most or tell you if any of your jokes are confusing. Take notes and make changes as necessary. A. Get inspired B. Ask for help C. These can easily meet with a favourable response from the audience. D. Think about who your audience will be and what will be relatable to them. E. Open your set with a joke that will get your audience laughing. F. This will help you see how long your set is and where you might make changes. G. Through stand-up, you get to be creative, boost your confidence, and polish your public-speaking skills 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. D 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何进行脱口秀表演。文章提供了从创作段子到表演的步骤和建议，帮助读者了解如何开始表演。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Kids can create a stand-up comedy act to perform for family and friends or at a school or community talent show. (孩子们可以为家人和朋友或学校或社区才艺表演制作单口相声。)”后句“Here are some tips to help you get started. (这里有一些建议可以帮助你开始。)”可知，上文应说明单口相声的好处，G项：Through stand-up, you get to be creative, boost your confidence, and polish your public-speaking skills (通过单口相声，你会变得有创造力，增强你的信心，并磨练你的公共演讲技巧。)合乎题意，故选G。 【17题详解】 设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据本段“A good first step in stand-up is watching other comedians. With an adult’s help, you can find some kid-friendly comedians on YouTube. (学习单口相声的第一步是观看其他喜剧演员。在成年人的帮助下，你可以在YouTube上找到一些适合孩子的喜剧演员。)”可知，本段主要讲解单口相声的灵感的获得方式，A项：Get inspired (获得灵感)概括本段，合乎题意。故选A。 【18题详解】 根据后句“For example, your friends would probably understand your funny observation about middle school, but your family may not. (例如，你的朋友可能会理解你对中学的有趣观察，但你的家人可能不会。)”可知，设空处与下句所描述的具体事例形成呼应关系，D项：Think about who your audience will be and what will be relatable to them. (想想你的受众是谁，什么会与他们相关。)说明写材料应注意受众群体的范围。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Once you have several jokes written, you can add them to stand-up routine, called a “set”. A set can be anywhere from a few minutes to more than an hour, but for beginners it’s best to keep it short. (一旦你写好了几个笑话，你就可以把它们添加到单口相声中，这被称为“一组”。一组可以是几分钟到一个多小时，但对于初学者来说，最好保持短时间。)”设空处应承接上句对脱口秀的介绍，进一步说明其运用的场合，E项：Open your set with a joke that will get your audience laughing. (用一个能让你的观众大笑的笑话来开场。)合乎题意。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上句“You can perform in front of a mirror or record yourself and play it back. (你可以在镜子前表演，也可以录下来回放。)”设空处承接上句，说明这样做的好处，F项：This will help you see how long your set is and where you might make changes. (这将帮助您了解您的脱口秀有多长，以及您可以在哪里进行更改。)合乎题意。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop in Finland, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin. We were visiting family, and here she was, ___21___ the sidewalk. It didn’t ___22___ me that she would do that. Our project began when Kai ___23___ a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can ___24___ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ___25___. As we picked up the balloon, we could see the whole field was covered in trash. “Can we clean it?” Kai asked. Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles. After we ___26___ two bags, we stopped for the day. The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home, hot and ___27___. Our arms were scratched from brush, and it seemed we would never ___28___ those who threw trash out of car windows. When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___29___. And they—like me—____30____ her determination to create a better world. ____31____, I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒). Why are we making kids clean up our mess? So when the pandemic hit, I ____32____ our cleanup project, and we haven’t restarted it. Kai is now in third grade, and on Fridays, she’s usually biking with friends after school. She’s still ____33____ about the environment and hopes to become a marine biologist one day and study sharks. She has many years to ____34____, years in which adults will hopefully get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave children with a diminished planet and expect them to ____35____ it. 21. A. watching B. cleaning C. decorating D. measuring 22. A. surprise B. upset C. please D. embarrass 23. A. left B. caught C. threw D. spotted 24. A. break B. exchange C. replace D. mistake 25. A. set off B. turned down C. pulled over D. called off 26. A. filled B. found C. carried D. emptied 27. A. thrilled B. relaxed C. exhausted D. disappointed 28. A. get ahead of B. catch up with C. get hold of D. put up with 29. A. works B. efforts C. bravery D. generosity 30. A. joined B. criticized C. rewarded D. admired 31. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Moreover 32. A. abandoned B. suspended C. promoted D. delayed 33. A. concerned B. practical C. optimistic D. passionate 34. A. wait B. adapt C. decide D. expect 35. A. save B. enjoy C. accept D. control 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的女儿无意中在一个空地上发现有垃圾，于是作者和女儿开始了清理计划，但作者后来意识到我们不能给后代留下一个满目疮痍的星球，而指望孩子们去拯救地球。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们要去拜访家人，而她正在这里，清理人行道。A. watching看；B. cleaning打扫，清理；C. decorating装饰；D. measuring度量，测量。根据上文中的“picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and putting them in the waste bin”可知，女儿在捡垃圾并扔到垃圾桶，所以她在清理人行道。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会那样做，我并不感到惊讶。A. surprise使惊奇，使感到意外；B. upset使烦恼；C. please使满意；D. embarrass使尴尬。根据下文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field. We had recently read about how animals can  ___4___ balloons for food. ”可知，作者和女儿最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章，在发现一只泄气的气球的时候就开始了清理计划，所以女儿在拜访家人的时候打扫人行道，这对作者来说并不惊讶。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Kai在一片空地上发现一个泄了气的气球时，我们的计划就开始了。A. left离开；B. caught截住，拦住；C. threw扔；D. spotted看见，发现。根据下文中的“we picked up the balloon”可知，女儿在空地上发现了一只泄了气的气球。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们最近读到了关于动物如何将气球误认为食物的文章。A. break（使）破，裂；B. exchange交换；C. replace替代；D. mistake误会，看错。根据空前的“animals can”、空后的“balloons for food”并结合常识可知，一些动物会把气球这样的垃圾错当成食物。mistake...for...意为“把……错当成……”。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“停下，”Kai说，我把车停了下来。A. set off出发；B. turned down拒绝；C. pulled over向路边停靠；D. called off取消。根据句中“Stop”可知，女儿让作者停车，于是作者把车停了下来。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：装满两个袋子后，我们这一天就停下来。A. filled（使）充满，装满；B. found发现；C. carried携带，运送；D. emptied腾空。根据上文中的“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”和下文中的“The next week, we cleaned the same 30 feet and returned home”可知，作者和女儿每周五都会捡垃圾，捡够两袋就停下工作去回家。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们又打扫了同样的30英尺，又热又累地回到了家。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. relaxed放松的；C. exhausted筋疲力尽的；D. disappointed失望的。根据空前的“hot and”并结合常识可知，作者和女儿在地上捡垃圾，这种体力活让人又热又累。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的手臂被刷子划伤了，似乎我们永远也无法超过那些往车窗外扔垃圾的人。A. get ahead of走在（某人的）前面；B. catch up with赶上，追上；C. get hold of抓住；D. put up with容忍。根据空后的“those who threw trash out of car windows”可知，作者觉得自己和女儿捡垃圾的速度永远超过那些扔垃圾的人。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在脸书上发布Kai计划的照片时，朋友们称赞了她的努力。A. works作品；B. efforts努力；C. bravery勇气；D. generosity慷慨。根据上文中的“Our project began when Kai ___3___a deflated (泄了气的) balloon in an empty field.”和“Each Friday, we picked up beer cans and cardboard boxes, Styrofoam containers, and plastic water bottles.(每周五，我们都会捡啤酒罐、纸箱、聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器和塑料水瓶。)”可知，女儿开始了捡垃圾的清理计划，并且每周五都和作者一起捡垃圾，可推知，这种努力的行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们和我一样，钦佩她创造更美好世界的决心。A. joined加入；B. criticized批评；C. rewarded奖赏；D. admired钦佩，赞赏。根据上文中的“friends praised her ___9___”可知，女儿的环保行为获得了作者朋友们的称赞，他们钦佩女儿的创造更美好世界的决心。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只是觉得有些近乎恼怒。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead反而；C. However然而；D. Moreover此外。根据上文“When I posted photos of Kai’s project on Facebook, friends praised her ___9___. And they—like me—___10___her determination to create a better world.”和空后“I just felt something close to irritation (愤怒)”可知，虽然女儿的行为获得了大家的称赞和钦佩，但作者越来越感到愤怒，前后之间是转折关系，应用However。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当疫情爆发时，我暂停了我们的清理计划，我们还没有重新开始。A. abandoned抛弃；B. suspended暂停，中止；C. promoted提升；D. delayed延期。根据“the pandemic hit”和“we haven’t restarted it”可知，在疫情爆发的时候，作者暂停了清理计划。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她仍然对环境充满热情，希望有一天能成为一名海洋生物学家，研究鲨鱼。A. concerned担心的，关注的；B. practical实际的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. passionate热情的。因为后文说“hopes to become a marine biologist one day，”可知，此处表示她对生态环境仍然热爱。be passionate about...对……有热情。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她有很多年的时间来决定，在这些年里，成年人有望认真对待解决塑料污染问题。A. wait等待；B. adapt（使）适应；C. decide决定；D. expect期待。根据上文中的“hopes to become a marine biologist one day”可知，女儿希望以后能够成为一名海洋生物学家，但作者觉得女儿还有很多时间来决定自己未来的发展方向。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该给孩子们留下一个削弱的星球，并期望他们拯救它。A. save拯救；B. enjoy享受；C. accept接受；D. control控制。根据上文中的“Why are we making kids clean up our mess?(我们为什么要让孩子们收拾我们的烂摊子？)”可知，作者不希望让后代来收拾现在人类造成的烂摊子，由此可知，这里是说我们不应该指望孩子们以后来拯救被我们毁坏的地球。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____36____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer. In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____37____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____38____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____39____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences. For one thing, quite a few business runners rely so ____40____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____41____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____42____ (ask) to submit comments. ____43____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____44____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____45____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game. 【答案】36. is guaranteed 37. have topped##have been topping 38. what 39. and 40. primarily 41. against 42. asked 43. Concerning 44. exposure 45. Otherwise 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就消费者在选择餐厅时依赖评分作为参考这一现象展开分析，分析了导致评价不真实的原因，包括商家操纵评分和消费者因受到利益诱导而给出不真实评价的情况。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：如果在5分制中得到4.8分或以上，那么这家餐厅肯定是一个不错的选择；但如果是4或更少，这几乎总是意味着这家餐厅太糟糕了，你可能会受到影响。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the restaurant”，单数，和动词“guarantee”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is guaranteed。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，诸如“评分低的餐厅可能味道更好”之类的话题已经成为搜索关键词的榜首。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past months”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语为“topics”，复数，谓语动词用have。故填have topped或have been topping。 【38题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：但对每个人来说最重要的是评估的真实性。这里为主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，用连接词“what”。故填what。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们有必要分析导致现状的原因，并反思提高可信度和消费者体验的措施。空前“analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation”和空后“reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：一方面，相当多的商家主要依靠高分来吸引消费者，他们通过购买正面评论来操纵评级来增加流量。此处修饰动词短语“rely on”，应用副词形式，作状语。故填primarily。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。根据句意可知，此处使用固定短语go against，意为“违背……”。故填against。 【42题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的完整形式为“when they are asked to submit comments”，动词“ask”和主语“they”之间为被动关系，可将they are省略。故填asked。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。分析句子成分以及句意可知，空处为介词，意为“考虑到……”，用concerning；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Concerning。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。此处作宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：否则，用户最终会放弃平台，让那些狡猾的玩家去玩他们的营销游戏。根据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”，担当状语，用副词otherwise；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，上周三在学校举办的My Favorite Poem in Ancient China主题征文比赛中荣获一等奖，请给你的英国朋友Jack写一封邮件分享这次活动经历，内容包括： 1. 征文的主要内容； 2. 你的感想。 注意：写作词数为 80 词左右。 Dear Jack, I'm writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m writing to share with you a competition I participated in last Wednesday. So exciting was it that I can’t wait to tell you more details about it. The poem I chose is a famous one called “Quiet Night Thought” written by Li Bai, which describes the poet’s deep homesickness when he saw the moon at night. I was deeply impressed by its beautiful imagery and profound emotions. It was such an honor that I won the first prize in the competition. This activity has not only enriched my knowledge of ancient Chinese poetry but also strengthened my appreciation for our cultural heritage. I sincerely hope you can join us next time if you have opportunity. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生给英国朋友Jack写一封邮件，分享自己在学校举办的My Favorite Poem in Ancient China主题征文比赛中荣获一等奖的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 令人激动的：exciting→thrilling 增强：strengthen→enhance/heighten 荣幸：honor→privilege/pleasure 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展： 原句：This activity has not only enriched my knowledge of ancient Chinese poetry but also strengthened my appreciation for our cultural heritage. 拓展句：Not only has this activity enriched my knowledge of ancient Chinese poetry but it also strengthened my appreciation for our cultural heritage. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 The poem I chose is a famous one called “Quiet Night Thought” written by Li Bai, which describes the poet’s deep homesickness when he saw the moon at night.(运用了省略which/that引导的定语从句，过去分词作后置定语，which引导非限制性定语从句和when引导时间状语从句。) 【高分句型2】 So exciting was it that I can’t wait to tell you more details about it.(运用了倒装句。) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Cooperative Help It was a beautiful morning. I was in the middle of a busy day, with my mind on what I had to do next. As I drove along a busy street, I noticed a young boy walking out from the entrance to an apartment complex(公寓群)on the other side of the street. I couldn’t see beyond the entrance with trees and bushes shading it but I hoped that his family was there, about to appear behind him. The boy was young, maybe four years old, and it was a strange sight to see him alone near the busy street, even if just for a little while. I continued to look behind me but I didn’t see anyone else coming out to join him as cars ran swiftly past him. Then, I saw him turning around and running back toward the entrance. I smiled in relief, as I hoped that he was heading back towards his family. Still, I felt I should check to be sure he was safe and did a U-turn as soon as I was able. As I drove back to where I first saw him, I was expecting to see him safe, with his family around him. Instead, as I got closer, I saw that he had changed directions again, crossed the median(隔离带)and was quickly running in the opposite direction of the apartment buildings. I pulled my car over quickly and as I did so, all the cars on both sides of the street suddenly stopped as well, as if just realizing the potential danger of the situation. I crossed the street and went up to him. He stopped as I approached, looking at me cautiously and backed away slightly towards the road. I didn’t want to scare him so I bent down a bit. Seeing a piece of paper in his hand, I asked him where his parent were but he did not answer. Instead, he said he was going to where his dad worked and then continued to run away from me along the median. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按以下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At this point, a man in another car asked if I needed help and I said yes. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I saw his dad racing towards us and heard him calling out the boy’s name. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】读后续写参考范文一 At this point, a man in another car asked if I needed help and I said yes. Then he walked towards the boy, saying softly that we were just trying to help him. Hearing his gentle words, the boy eventually walked slowly out of the median and followed us to the sidewalk. He handed us the piece of paper, insisting on going to his dad’s office. There was nothing but some graffiti. Feeling confused, we had no choice but to comfort him. So we accompanied him at the entrance of the apartment until he suddenly cried “Dad”. I saw his dad racing towards us and heard him calling out the boy’s name. He ran to us swiftly through the crowd of cars. As he held his son tightly in his arms, he showed his gratitude sincerely, explaining that he had only been away for a moment and didn’t expect his son to wander off. He apologized for the inconvenience caused and promised to be more careful in the future. As they walked away, hand in hand, I felt a sense of warmth and joy, knowing that my small act of kindness had made a difference in someone’s life. 读后续写参考范文二 At this point, a man in another car asked if I needed help and I said yes. We exchanged a quick glance. I caught the boy’s attention, trying to persuade him to walk out of the median in a soft voice. The man quickly got out of his car, approaching the boy quietly. Then he gently grabbed the boy’s arm and took him to the pavement safely. We unfolded that paper, expecting to find a certain address or phone number. To our disappointment, nothing but the boy’s graffiti. We comforted and entertained the boy until he suddenly cried “Dad”. I saw his dad racing towards us and heard him calling out the boy’s name. The young boy excitedly ran to his father and embraced him tightly. Witnessing their heartwarming reunion, I felt a sense of relief wash over me. The father expressed his gratitude for our assistance and explained that the boy had sneaked out of the office while he was asleep. This experience reminded me of the importance of remaining watchful and always being ready to lend a helping hand to those in need. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者讲述了自己在交通繁忙的街道上注意到一个年幼男孩的故事。故事中包含了作者的观察、担忧、干预和最终保证男孩安全的过程。描述细致而真实，让读者能够感同身受，文章强调了邻里社区意识和合作的重要性，以及保护需要帮助的个体时，我们每个人都可以扮演积极的角色。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“此时，另一辆车里的一名男子问我是否需要帮助，我说需要。”可知，第一段可描写作者和该男子合作，一起确保男孩安全，阅读小男孩手里的纸张来帮助男孩找到家人。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看到他的爸爸朝我们奔跑过来，听到他呼喊着那个男孩的名字。”可知，第二段可描写小男孩爸爸出现，表达对作者及另一名好心人的感谢，解释小男孩单独出现在交通繁忙街道的原因，以及保证不让此类事件再次发生。 2.续写线索：作者和一名男子合作——带小男孩离开隔离带到安全地点——阅读小男孩手里的纸张——小男孩爸爸出现——表达对作者及另一名好心人的感谢——解释小男孩单独出现在交通繁忙街道的原因——保证不让此类事件再次发生——作者的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走向：walk towards/approach ②陪他：accompany him /keep him company ③抓住小男孩的手臂：seize the boy’s arm / grab the boy’s arm 情绪类 ①感谢：show his appreciation/show his gratitude/be grateful/express his gratitude ②感到困惑：feeling confused / feeling puzzled 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As he held his son tightly in his arms, he showed his gratitude sincerely, explaining that he had only been away for a moment and didn’t expect his son to wander off. （运用了as引导时间状语从句；分词explaining作状语；that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2].The father expressed his gratitude for our assistance and explained that the boy had sneaked out of the office while he was asleep. （运用了that引导的宾语从句；while引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $