Unit 4 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 该同步练习通过基础达标、能力提升、拓展培优三层设计，实现从词汇语法到语篇综合的渐进式知识巩固，适配新授课分层教学需求，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础达标|词汇转换（如词性变化）、基础语法填空|以机械性练习夯实基础，强化语言能力基本要素| |能力提升|句型翻译（含固定搭配）、语篇语法填空|通过情境化题目提升语言表达，衔接基础与综合应用| |拓展培优|多主题阅读理解（如网红经济、季节心理）|依托真实语篇培养思维品质，实现知识向素养转化|

Unit 4 Meeting the Muse Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、词性转换 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．________ n. 陪伴；做伴→ ________ vt. 陪同；陪伴；伴随；（尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏→________ n. 伙伴；伴侣；同伴 2．________ v. 表演，演出；担任 n. 行为，行动；法案；（戏剧、歌剧等的）一幕→________ n. 男演员→________ n. 女演员 3．________ vi. （使）适应 vt. 改编→________ n. 适应；改编本→________ adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 4．________ vt. 系；绑；贴→________ adj. 依恋；附属于→________ n. 附件；依恋；连接物 5．________ vt. 构成；写作→________ n. 作曲者；作曲家 6．________ n. 礼物；天赋；赠品→________ adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 7．________ vt. 位于；查找……的地点→________ n. 地方，地点 8．________ n. 音乐，乐曲→________ n. 音乐家→________ adj. 音乐的；悦耳的 9．________ vi. & vt. 表演；履行；执行→________ n. 执行；表演；履行→________ n. 演出者；执行者；演奏者 10．________ vt. 生产→________ n. 制作人，制片人；生产者→________ n. 成果；产品→________ adj. 能生产的；多产的 11．________ v. 作出反应；回应→________ n. 反应 12．________ n. 记录，记载；唱片 v. 记录，记载→________ n. 录音；唱片 13．________ n. 迹象；符号；指示牌 v. 签署；签名→________ n. 署名；签名 14．________ vi. & vt. （使）变形，（使）转化→________ n. 转化；转换→________ n. 变压器 【答案】1． company accompany companion 2． act actor actress 3．adapt adaptation adaptable 4．attach attached attachment 5． compose composer 6． gift gifted 7． locate location 8．music musician musical 9．perform performance performer 10． produce producer production productive 11．react reaction 12． record recording 13． sign signature 14．transform transformation transformer 二、用适当的词填空 1．Beethoven (compose) his Ninth Symphony between 1822 and 1824. 2．At dawn on an April day, the summit of Huangshan Mountain was a world (float) in a sea of clouds, with pine trees atop its jagged (参差不齐的) peaks. 3．She gave me a (determine) look, which showed she would never change her mind. 4．Nowadays our government is carrying out the garbage classification throughout the country, aiming (protect) the environment. 5．A girl claimed that she had seen the old woman (knock) down by a car. 6．The spring in 1992 was the most unforgettable spring I’ve ever gone through. 7．According to scientists, our brains might begin to decline from the age of 27 after (reach) the highest level at 22. 8．If you are hunting a chance (improve) yourself in English, I think the English Corner will be a wise choice. 【答案】1．composed 2．floating 3．determined 4．to protect 5．knocked 6．that 7．reaching 8．to improve 三、翻译句子 1．我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．她的手指轻轻地在琴键上起起落落。“现在公主出现了，她正在水边摘花。”随着Pasha舞动的手指，一曲欢快的乐曲在空中回荡。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)   _______________________________________________________________________________ 4．观众和民族和文化背景尽管各异，都会被逗得开怀大笑。(despite) _______________________________________________________________________________ 5．他经常激励我学好英语。(inspire sb to do sth) _______________________________________________________________________________ 6．在最后一期的封底上印着这样的文字：人生就像故事一样。（On....） _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness. 2．Her fingers gently rose and fell on the keys of the piano. “Now the princess appears, picking flowers by the water.” As Pasha waved her fingers, a cheerful piece of music echoed in the air. 3．There is a growing tendency to integrate traditional customs with/into new technologies in a folk celebration ceremony. Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technologies. 4．Despite the diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds of the audience, they were all amused and laughed heartily. 5．He often inspires me to learn English well. 6．On the back cover of the final issue were the words: as is a tale, so is life. 四、语法填空 Leonardo da Vinci is one of the greatest minds of all time. Today, we know him mostly as an artist, but there was even 1 (many) to Leonardo among his many talents. He was an engineer, an architect, 2 an inventor. Leonardo was born in Italy in 1452 near the village of Vinci. Although he grew up in the countryside, he 3 (send) to Florence at around the age of 15 to study under an artist. He was endlessly curious 4 the natural world and took every opportunity to experience and examine it. To him, observation was 5 effective way of learning and 6 (enable) him to look at things from a fresh perspective. He studied the movement of water, the growth of plants, the behavior of animals, and even the landscapes around his hometown. These elements were the 7 (inspire) for the light and perspective in many of his paintings, including the famous Mona Lisa. But what fascinated Leonardo most were birds and their mysterious power of flight. And he did many drawings of them. They inspired him 8 (design) machines to help people fly. He left behind many drawings and notes of his ideas for such 9 (invent), including a parachute, a form of helicopter, and a strange flying machine with flapping wings. These ideas were hundreds of years ahead of their time. In fact, Leonardo’s ideas were so advanced 10 most of them could not be tested in his lifetime. We, having seen many of his ideas become reality, can now appreciate his genius in a way that no one then living could. 【答案】1．more 2．and 3．was sent 4．about 5．an 6．enabled 7．inspiration 8．to design 9．inventions 10．that 五、阅读理解 A Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 1．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 2．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 3．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】文章分析了网红在营销中的优势和风险，并建议品牌制定规则以最大化利用网红经济。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. (通过分享精心挑选的内容，将广告与个人生活片段巧妙结合，他们营造出一种信任感。)”可知，网红利用日常生活内容使推荐可信。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. (此外，与传统品牌代言人相比，网红在技术方面更具优势，他们能更快地适应TikTok等新兴平台，以及Instagram等老平台不断变化的算法。)”可推知，作者提到TikTok是为了说明网红对新平台的技术适应能力。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. (一个典型案例是Viya，这位顶级直播主播在2021年因未申报品牌合作收入而被罚款2.1亿美元，给相关品牌造成了经济损失。)”可知，她被处罚是因为隐藏了品牌合作收入。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. (网红的持久影响力表明他们自身具备独特的优势。)”、第三段中“However, risks persist. (然而，风险依然存在。)”和最后一段中“Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. (尽管面临这些挑战，忽视网红仍不明智。)”可知，作者既肯定网红经济的优势，降低成本、触达年轻消费者、技术适应力强，也指出其风险，如逃税、虚假广告，并提出品牌应采取的应对措施，表明整体态度是客观的。 B People following strict daily routines may find it challenging to shift into winter. As the daylight hours shorten, evening light fades, leading our routines into darkness and leaving us to wonder, “What time is it?” Experts suggest modern conveniences worsen this seasonal impact. Home facilities such as smart home heating systems improve our lives, but they can disturb a basic human instinct: accommodating to seasonal changes. “During the winter our bodies go through a natural evolutionary cycle,” says Robert K. Merton, a social psychologist studying seasonal effects on minds and bodies. “This isn’t learned behavior or coincidence. It’s our instinct.” Morning light causes the release of cortisol (皮质醇) to energize us, while darkness causes the release of melatonin (褪黑激素), which prepares us for sleep. In winter, waking up in the dark can disturb cortisol production and cause exhaustion and a drop in mood, according to Jane Wardle, a health psychologist. However, winter doesn’t have to be perceived negatively. Shifting our mindset can significantly improve our experience of this season. “It may sound like magic,” says Wardle. “But there’s a really clear mechanism of how this can lead to beneficial results.” To adopt a positive outlook, Wardle suggests a technique called “temptation bundling” — pairing an activity you dislike with something enjoyable. Besides, we can plan a winter celebration to help us focus on welcoming and enjoying seasonal changes. Moreover, readying our space for winter is another way. Putting those summer clothes away at the back of the closet can send a positive signal that winter is cozy. Above all, experts all agree on the importance of spending time in natural environments. “You don’t need to go to a national park,” says Angela Duckworth, a psychology professor. “You just need to go outside.” Noticing the changing plants and trees forms a connection to the rhythms of the natural world. Wardle recommends taking photos of these changes, which can help develop mindfulness and allow for sharing positive experiences with friends. “It’s not a total fix,” says Wardle. “But it can make your winter 20 percent better.” 5．What is the side effect of modern conveniences on humans? A．A decline in need for daily exercise. B．Decreased adaptability to shifts in seasons. C．Increased dependence on smart technology. D．Poorer ability to detect seasonal changes by instinct. 6．Why do some people feel more tired in winter? A．They suffer from shortage of melatonin. B．Cortisol fails to work during the winter. C．They don’t produce sufficient cortisol. D．They are in low spirits. 7．What is the most recognized way to improve the winter experience? A．Using smart home heating systems. B．Organizing winter celebrations. C．Spending time outdoors. D．Packing summer and winter clothes. 8．What message does the text convey? A．Modern technology cannot address seasonal mood changes. B．Winter challenges are unavoidable but manageable with effort. C．Participating in fun activities is a perfect solution to winter blues. D．Seasonal changes should be ignored if they don’t impact your mood. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着冬季来临，光照缩短会对人的身体与情绪产生负面影响，现代便利设施会加剧这种季节带来的影响，同时专家给出多种可行方法，帮助人们调整心态，更好地度过冬季。 【详解】5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Home facilities such as smart home heating systems improve our lives, but they can disturb a basic human instinct: accommodating to seasonal changes.(智能家居供暖系统这类家用设备改善了我们的生活，但它们可能会扰乱人类的一项基本本能：适应季节变化。)”可知，现代便利设施的副作用是削弱了人类适应季节变化的能力。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In winter, waking up in the dark can disturb cortisol production and cause exhaustion and a drop in mood, according to Jane Wardle, a health psychologist.(健康心理学家简·沃德尔表示，在冬天，在黑暗中醒来会扰乱皮质醇分泌，进而使人身心疲惫、情绪低落。)”可知，人们在冬天感到更加疲惫是因为皮质醇的分泌受到了干扰，即人体皮质醇分泌不足。 7．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Above all, experts all agree on the importance of spending time in natural environments.(最重要的是，专家们都认同在自然环境中度过时光的重要性。)”可知，改善冬季体验最受专家认可的方式是到户外去。 8．主旨大意题。第三段中的“However, winter doesn't have to be perceived negatively. Shifting our mindset can significantly improve our experience of this season.(然而，冬季不必被消极看待。转变心态可以显著改善我们对这个季节的体验。)”为全文主旨句。该句承上启下：上文（第一、二段）阐述了冬季日照缩短对人类生理节律的干扰及由此引发的疲惫、情绪低落等问题；下文（第四、五段）则围绕这一主旨展开，列举“诱惑捆绑法、举办冬日庆祝活动、布置居家环境、走进户外”等一系列可操作的解决途径，证明通过人为努力就可以缓解冬季带来的负面影响。由此可知，文章旨在说明冬季带来的挑战虽不可避免，但人们完全可以通过转变心态和采取积极措施来有效应对挑战、改善冬季体验。 C I didn’t mean to look down on business, but it simply didn’t suit me. Initially, I entered the business world for financial gain. Besides being able to support my family, money was all I got from it. It failed to bring me a sense of fulfillment, making me immersed in dissatisfaction and even torture. My ambition was to save enough money to quit and go to England to pursue my passion for music. During this period, I practiced piano at dawn and spent lunch breaks writing exercises in cheap cafés every day. Years later, my family’s improved finances finally allowed me to resign. Leaving felt like prison liberation, and I departed for England immediately. The three-year study in England was beyond amazing. Though I worked more diligently than I could have ever imagined, every single moment was a source of joy. “Enjoyed” is far too mild a word to describe my feelings; I was truly on cloud nine. For the first time, I felt that I was truly living, engaged in what I loved and was meant to do. Admittedly, if I had remained in business, perhaps I would be wealthy today. But I don’t regret because I attach more importance to those intangible rewards, those inner satisfactions that money can never purchase, and that are often sacrificed when one’s main pursuit is financial success. Giving up my job went against the advice of all my friends and family. We are so conditioned to link success with money that the idea of giving up a highly-paid job for a dream seemed almost crazy. If so, all I can say is “Gee, it’s great to be crazy.” Money is great, but it’s possible to pay too high a price for it. 9．Why did the author enter business? A．To fulfill himself. B．To make his goal clear. C．To remove his dissatisfaction. D．To make money and help his family. 10．What does the underlined word “intangible” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Invisible. B．Unexpected. C．Available. D．Immediate. 11．Which of the following can best describe the author? A．Kind and just. B．Responsible and fearless. C．Hard-working and humble. D．Thoughtful and innovative. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The author’s experience of studying music in England. B．The author’s regret of entering the financial industry. C．The importance of family’s support and financial success in life. D．The struggle between a career in business and the pursuit of one’s passion. 【答案】9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 【导语】本文讲述作者为养家经商，却始终心怀音乐梦想，最终不惧他人反对，放弃高薪工作远赴英国追梦，诠释了精神满足远比物质财富更可贵的人生态度。 【详解】9．细节理解题。根据第一段“Initially, I entered the business world for financial gain. Besides being able to support my family, money was all I got from it. (起初，我投身商界是为了获取经济收入，除了能够养家糊口，我从中所得只有金钱。)”可知，作者经商的目的是赚钱、供养家庭。 10．词句猜测题。根据第四段“But I don’t regret because I attach more importance to those intangible rewards, those inner satisfactions that money can never purchase. (但我并不后悔，因为我更看重那些intangible回报，那些金钱无法买到的内心满足感。)”可知，金钱买不到的内心满足是看不见、摸不着的，intangible 意为“无形的”，与 invisible 同义。 11．推理判断题。根据第一段“Initially, I entered the business world for financial gain. Besides being able to support my family, money was all I got from it. (起初，我投身商界是为了获取经济收入，除了能够养家糊口，我从中所得只有金钱。)”可知，作者为承担家庭责任选择经商谋生，极具责任心；再根据最后一段“Giving up my job went against the advice of all my friends and family. (我辞职的决定违背了所有亲友的建议。)”可知，作者敢于顶住众人反对，放弃高薪工作勇敢追逐音乐梦想，性格无畏果敢。因此作者是有担当且无所畏惧的人。 12．主旨大意题。文章开篇讲述作者经商的无奈与对音乐的热爱，中间讲述其默默蓄力、最终辞职追梦的经历，结尾点明自己甘愿舍弃物质财富、追求精神热爱的人生选择。全文围绕“经商事业与个人热爱追求的取舍与博弈”展开。 六、阅读理解 Getting enough sleep is good for your health, but not everyone can sleep well. To improve this situation, 13 . Here are some cool devices that can make a difference to your sleep. Sleepwiz Pajamas — Monitoring sleep quality Scientists in the UK have developed a kind of comfortable smart pajamas called Sleepwiz Pajamas. With fabric sensors inside, 14 . A special technique also makes the sensors suitable for washing. The scientists used a machine-learning model to identify six sleep states including mouth breathing and snoring. The latest version of the pajamas also allows wireless data transfer, so sleep information can be sent to your smartphone or computer. The Morphee Sleep Aid Device — 15 A sleep device called the Morphee Sleep Aid Device can be your new bedtime companion. It includes over 200 pieces of music to calm the mind. To use it, you turn the dial to choose a program, such as breathing exercises or relaxing music. Then you select the time and pick a soothing male or female voice. Since the device has no screen and doesn’t need an app, 16 . The Pod 4 — Letting you sleep comfortably A smart mattress (床垫) called the Pod 4 is designed to adjust its temperature to help you sleep better, which is popular among top athletes and celebrities. With two separate zones, the mattress can create different cooling or heating settings for two people sharing the bed. After you set your preferred temperature through a smartphone app, 17 . Even better, the mattress has sensors that collect your health data, such as heart rate and sleep stages. A．Relaxing your body B．Helping you fall asleep C．it will adjust itself to your body’s needs during the night D．you might try using smart technology and sleep devices E．you can avoid blue light at night and enjoy a sound sleep F．the collar can detect skin movements and track breathing G．it helps you to choose your favourite music to relax your body 【答案】13．D 14．F 15．B 16．E 17．C 【导语】本文针对人们普遍存在的睡眠质量不佳的问题，介绍了三款功能各异的智能助眠设备，分别为可监测睡眠状态的智能睡衣、辅助入睡的助眠仪器以及可温控调节的智能床垫，展现了智能科技对改善睡眠质量的帮助。 【详解】13．上文“Getting enough sleep is good for your health, but not everyone can sleep well. To improve this situation,(充足的睡眠有益健康，但并非所有人都能睡个好觉。为了改善这一状况)”提出大众睡眠质量差的普遍问题，引出需要改善睡眠的需求。后文“Here are some cool devices that can make a difference to your sleep.(以下有一些出色的设备，能够有效改善你的睡眠质量)”引出各类智能助眠设备。选项D“you might try using smart technology and sleep devices.(你可以尝试使用智能技术和助眠设备。)”承接上文的睡眠问题，引出下文的设备介绍。 14．上文“Scientists in the UK have developed a kind of comfortable smart pajamas called Sleepwiz Pajamas. With fabric sensors inside,(英国科学家研发了一款名为Sleepwiz Pajamas的舒适智能睡衣，睡衣内置织物传感器)”介绍智能睡衣配备传感设备。后文介绍该睡衣可识别多种睡眠状态、传输睡眠数据。选项F“the collar can detect skin movements and track breathing.(衣领可检测皮肤活动、追踪呼吸状态。)”承接上文，具体说明传感器的监测功能，贴合本段睡眠监测的核心内容。 15．本段后文“A sleep device called the Morphee Sleep Aid Device can be your new bedtime companion. It includes over 200 pieces of music to calm the mind. To use it, you turn the dial to choose a program, such as breathing exercises or relaxing music.(一款名为Morphee助眠仪的睡眠设备可以成为你全新的睡前伴侣。它内置200多首平静思绪的音乐。使用时，转动旋钮选择一个程序，例如呼吸训练或是放松音乐。)”详细介绍该设备的助眠功能：帮助人们放松身心、顺利入睡。选项B“Helping you fall asleep.(帮助你入睡。)”精准概括该设备的核心作用，适配本段小标题位置。 16．上文“Since the device has no screen and doesn’t need an app,(由于该设备没有屏幕，也无需下载应用软件)”介绍助眠仪无屏幕、无APP的独特优势。选项E“you can avoid blue light at night and enjoy a sound sleep.(你可以在夜间规避蓝光，拥有安稳的睡眠。)”承接上文设备特点，说明无屏幕设计带来的睡眠益处。 17．上文“After you set your preferred temperature through a smartphone app,(你通过手机应用软件设置自己偏好的温度后)”提到用户通过手机APP设置偏好温度。后文介绍床垫可收集人体健康数据。选项C“it will adjust itself to your body’s needs during the night.(它会在夜间根据你的身体需求自动调节温度。)”承接用户设置温度的操作，说明智能床垫的温控功能，贴合本段温控助眠的主旨。 $Unit 4 Meeting the Muse Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、词性转换 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．________ n. 陪伴；做伴→ ________ vt. 陪同；陪伴；伴随；（尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏→________ n. 伙伴；伴侣；同伴 2．________ v. 表演，演出；担任 n. 行为，行动；法案；（戏剧、歌剧等的）一幕→________ n. 男演员→________ n. 女演员 3．________ vi. （使）适应 vt. 改编→________ n. 适应；改编本→________ adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 4．________ vt. 系；绑；贴→________ adj. 依恋；附属于→________ n. 附件；依恋；连接物 5．________ vt. 构成；写作→________ n. 作曲者；作曲家 6．________ n. 礼物；天赋；赠品→________ adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 7．________ vt. 位于；查找……的地点→________ n. 地方，地点 8．________ n. 音乐，乐曲→________ n. 音乐家→________ adj. 音乐的；悦耳的 9．________ vi. & vt. 表演；履行；执行→________ n. 执行；表演；履行→________ n. 演出者；执行者；演奏者 10．________ vt. 生产→________ n. 制作人，制片人；生产者→________ n. 成果；产品→________ adj. 能生产的；多产的 11．________ v. 作出反应；回应→________ n. 反应 12．________ n. 记录，记载；唱片 v. 记录，记载→________ n. 录音；唱片 13．________ n. 迹象；符号；指示牌 v. 签署；签名→________ n. 署名；签名 14．________ vi. & vt. （使）变形，（使）转化→________ n. 转化；转换→________ n. 变压器 二、用适当的词填空 1．Beethoven (compose) his Ninth Symphony between 1822 and 1824. 2．At dawn on an April day, the summit of Huangshan Mountain was a world (float) in a sea of clouds, with pine trees atop its jagged (参差不齐的) peaks. 3．She gave me a (determine) look, which showed she would never change her mind. 4．Nowadays our government is carrying out the garbage classification throughout the country, aiming (protect) the environment. 5．A girl claimed that she had seen the old woman (knock) down by a car. 6．The spring in 1992 was the most unforgettable spring I’ve ever gone through. 7．According to scientists, our brains might begin to decline from the age of 27 after (reach) the highest level at 22. 8．If you are hunting a chance (improve) yourself in English, I think the English Corner will be a wise choice. 三、翻译句子 1．我感觉自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2．她的手指轻轻地在琴键上起起落落。“现在公主出现了，她正在水边摘花。”随着Pasha舞动的手指，一曲欢快的乐曲在空中回荡。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3．民俗庆典呈现出传统习俗与新技术交相辉映的发展趋势。(tendency)   _______________________________________________________________________________ 4．观众和民族和文化背景尽管各异，都会被逗得开怀大笑。(despite) _______________________________________________________________________________ 5．他经常激励我学好英语。(inspire sb to do sth) _______________________________________________________________________________ 6．在最后一期的封底上印着这样的文字：人生就像故事一样。（On....） _______________________________________________________________________________ 四、语法填空 Leonardo da Vinci is one of the greatest minds of all time. Today, we know him mostly as an artist, but there was even 1 (many) to Leonardo among his many talents. He was an engineer, an architect, 2 an inventor. Leonardo was born in Italy in 1452 near the village of Vinci. Although he grew up in the countryside, he 3 (send) to Florence at around the age of 15 to study under an artist. He was endlessly curious 4 the natural world and took every opportunity to experience and examine it. To him, observation was 5 effective way of learning and 6 (enable) him to look at things from a fresh perspective. He studied the movement of water, the growth of plants, the behavior of animals, and even the landscapes around his hometown. These elements were the 7 (inspire) for the light and perspective in many of his paintings, including the famous Mona Lisa. But what fascinated Leonardo most were birds and their mysterious power of flight. And he did many drawings of them. They inspired him 8 (design) machines to help people fly. He left behind many drawings and notes of his ideas for such 9 (invent), including a parachute, a form of helicopter, and a strange flying machine with flapping wings. These ideas were hundreds of years ahead of their time. In fact, Leonardo’s ideas were so advanced 10 most of them could not be tested in his lifetime. We, having seen many of his ideas become reality, can now appreciate his genius in a way that no one then living could. 五、阅读理解 A Once regarded as inexperienced amateurs, top influencers now play an important role in the market, especially after the pandemic accelerated e-commerce growth. Unlike traditional celebrity endorsements (代言), which rely on pre-existing fame, influencers build their reputation through product promotion. By sharing carefully selected content that mixes advertisements with glimpses of their personal lives, they create a sense of trust. Brands are expected to spend $16 billion on influencer campaigns this year, with most profits going to a small number of the influencers. The influencers’ staying power suggests that they have their own strengths. Above all, they reduce costs — Tesla, for instance, avoids traditional ads by using Elon Musk’s social media influence. Influencers’ networks reach new audiences, particularly younger shoppers. Moreover, compared with old-style brand ambassadors, influencers are more technologically capable as they are quicker to adapt to newer platforms like TikTok and to the ever-changing algorithms (算法) of older ones like Instagram. However, risks persist. A third of brands avoid influencers due to fears of reputation damage caused by bad behavior like tax avoidance. A notable case involves Viya, a top livestream host who was fined $210 million in 2021 for not reporting income from brand partnerships, bringing economic loss to the brands. Besides avoiding tax, false advertising and using fake hype (热度) in the influencers’ promotion are other concerns. Despite these challenges, ignoring influencers is unwise. Their share of digital ad budgets, though currently at 3%, is growing rapidly. To get the most out of influencers, brands should also set clear regulations like using analytical tools to help evaluate the performance of the influencers and requiring them to inform the audience of the advertisement in their posts. Only in this way will the brands be able to maximize their profits. 1．What can be concluded about influencers in paragraph 1? A．They are all highly paid. B．They rely more on pre-existing fame. C．They post randomly selected pictures and videos. D．They use daily life content to make recommendations trustworthy. 2．Why does the author mention TikTok in paragraph 2? A．To demonstrate the popularity of TikTok. B．To highlight the strengths of these platforms. C．To explain why influencers prefer using these platforms. D．To illustrate influencers’ technological adaptability to new platforms. 3．Why does Viya get punished? A．She hid brand-cooperation income. B．She damaged influencers’ reputation. C．She promoted products with false information. D．She challenged traditional celebrity endorsements. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards influencer economy? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. B People following strict daily routines may find it challenging to shift into winter. As the daylight hours shorten, evening light fades, leading our routines into darkness and leaving us to wonder, “What time is it?” Experts suggest modern conveniences worsen this seasonal impact. Home facilities such as smart home heating systems improve our lives, but they can disturb a basic human instinct: accommodating to seasonal changes. “During the winter our bodies go through a natural evolutionary cycle,” says Robert K. Merton, a social psychologist studying seasonal effects on minds and bodies. “This isn’t learned behavior or coincidence. It’s our instinct.” Morning light causes the release of cortisol (皮质醇) to energize us, while darkness causes the release of melatonin (褪黑激素), which prepares us for sleep. In winter, waking up in the dark can disturb cortisol production and cause exhaustion and a drop in mood, according to Jane Wardle, a health psychologist. However, winter doesn’t have to be perceived negatively. Shifting our mindset can significantly improve our experience of this season. “It may sound like magic,” says Wardle. “But there’s a really clear mechanism of how this can lead to beneficial results.” To adopt a positive outlook, Wardle suggests a technique called “temptation bundling” — pairing an activity you dislike with something enjoyable. Besides, we can plan a winter celebration to help us focus on welcoming and enjoying seasonal changes. Moreover, readying our space for winter is another way. Putting those summer clothes away at the back of the closet can send a positive signal that winter is cozy. Above all, experts all agree on the importance of spending time in natural environments. “You don’t need to go to a national park,” says Angela Duckworth, a psychology professor. “You just need to go outside.” Noticing the changing plants and trees forms a connection to the rhythms of the natural world. Wardle recommends taking photos of these changes, which can help develop mindfulness and allow for sharing positive experiences with friends. “It’s not a total fix,” says Wardle. “But it can make your winter 20 percent better.” 5．What is the side effect of modern conveniences on humans? A．A decline in need for daily exercise. B．Decreased adaptability to shifts in seasons. C．Increased dependence on smart technology. D．Poorer ability to detect seasonal changes by instinct. 6．Why do some people feel more tired in winter? A．They suffer from shortage of melatonin. B．Cortisol fails to work during the winter. C．They don’t produce sufficient cortisol. D．They are in low spirits. 7．What is the most recognized way to improve the winter experience? A．Using smart home heating systems. B．Organizing winter celebrations. C．Spending time outdoors. D．Packing summer and winter clothes. 8．What message does the text convey? A．Modern technology cannot address seasonal mood changes. B．Winter challenges are unavoidable but manageable with effort. C．Participating in fun activities is a perfect solution to winter blues. D．Seasonal changes should be ignored if they don’t impact your mood. C I didn’t mean to look down on business, but it simply didn’t suit me. Initially, I entered the business world for financial gain. Besides being able to support my family, money was all I got from it. It failed to bring me a sense of fulfillment, making me immersed in dissatisfaction and even torture. My ambition was to save enough money to quit and go to England to pursue my passion for music. During this period, I practiced piano at dawn and spent lunch breaks writing exercises in cheap cafés every day. Years later, my family’s improved finances finally allowed me to resign. Leaving felt like prison liberation, and I departed for England immediately. The three-year study in England was beyond amazing. Though I worked more diligently than I could have ever imagined, every single moment was a source of joy. “Enjoyed” is far too mild a word to describe my feelings; I was truly on cloud nine. For the first time, I felt that I was truly living, engaged in what I loved and was meant to do. Admittedly, if I had remained in business, perhaps I would be wealthy today. But I don’t regret because I attach more importance to those intangible rewards, those inner satisfactions that money can never purchase, and that are often sacrificed when one’s main pursuit is financial success. Giving up my job went against the advice of all my friends and family. We are so conditioned to link success with money that the idea of giving up a highly-paid job for a dream seemed almost crazy. If so, all I can say is “Gee, it’s great to be crazy.” Money is great, but it’s possible to pay too high a price for it. 9．Why did the author enter business? A．To fulfill himself. B．To make his goal clear. C．To remove his dissatisfaction. D．To make money and help his family. 10．What does the underlined word “intangible” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Invisible. B．Unexpected. C．Available. D．Immediate. 11．Which of the following can best describe the author? A．Kind and just. B．Responsible and fearless. C．Hard-working and humble. D．Thoughtful and innovative. 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The author’s experience of studying music in England. B．The author’s regret of entering the financial industry. C．The importance of family’s support and financial success in life. D．The struggle between a career in business and the pursuit of one’s passion. 六、阅读理解 Getting enough sleep is good for your health, but not everyone can sleep well. To improve this situation, 13 . Here are some cool devices that can make a difference to your sleep. Sleepwiz Pajamas — Monitoring sleep quality Scientists in the UK have developed a kind of comfortable smart pajamas called Sleepwiz Pajamas. With fabric sensors inside, 14 . A special technique also makes the sensors suitable for washing. The scientists used a machine-learning model to identify six sleep states including mouth breathing and snoring. The latest version of the pajamas also allows wireless data transfer, so sleep information can be sent to your smartphone or computer. The Morphee Sleep Aid Device — 15 A sleep device called the Morphee Sleep Aid Device can be your new bedtime companion. It includes over 200 pieces of music to calm the mind. To use it, you turn the dial to choose a program, such as breathing exercises or relaxing music. Then you select the time and pick a soothing male or female voice. Since the device has no screen and doesn’t need an app, 16 . The Pod 4 — Letting you sleep comfortably A smart mattress (床垫) called the Pod 4 is designed to adjust its temperature to help you sleep better, which is popular among top athletes and celebrities. With two separate zones, the mattress can create different cooling or heating settings for two people sharing the bed. After you set your preferred temperature through a smartphone app, 17 . Even better, the mattress has sensors that collect your health data, such as heart rate and sleep stages. A．Relaxing your body B．Helping you fall asleep C．it will adjust itself to your body’s needs during the night D．you might try using smart technology and sleep devices E．you can avoid blue light at night and enjoy a sound sleep F．the collar can detect skin movements and track breathing G．it helps you to choose your favourite music to relax your body $Unit 4 Meeting the Muse Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、词性转换 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1． company accompany companion 2． act actor actress 3．adapt adaptation adaptable 4．attach attached attachment 5． compose composer 6． gift gifted 7． locate location 8．music musician musical 9．perform performance performer 10． produce producer production productive 11．react reaction 12． record recording 13． sign signature 14．transform transformation transformer 二、用适当的词填空 1．composed 2．floating 3．determined 4．to protect 5．knocked 6．that 7．reaching 8．to improve 三、翻译句子 1．I feel like I am floating in an ocean of sadness. 2．Her fingers gently rose and fell on the keys of the piano. “Now the princess appears, picking flowers by the water.” As Pasha waved her fingers, a cheerful piece of music echoed in the air. 3．There is a growing tendency to integrate traditional customs with/into new technologies in a folk celebration ceremony. Folk celebration ceremonies are showing a tendency to combine traditional customs with new technologies. 4．Despite the diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds of the audience, they were all amused and laughed heartily. 5．He often inspires me to learn English well. 6．On the back cover of the final issue were the words: as is a tale, so is life. 四、语法填空 1．more 2．and 3．was sent 4．about 5．an 6．enabled 7．inspiration 8．to design 9．inventions 10．that 五、阅读理解 A 1．D 2．D 3．A 4．B B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．D 六、阅读理解 13．D 14．F 15．B 16．E 17．C $