第12周 原创2篇+精练13篇月球探测专辑（我国首次实现火箭陆地回收+我国编制新版全月地质图）2027届高考英语语法填空周周练

**基本信息** 以月球探测为主题，整合原创、真题及精练语篇，实现语法知识与真实语境的深度融合，提升语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |原创板块|2篇（火箭回收、全月地质图）|科普说明文，考查时态、非谓语、连词等|以中国航天突破为线索，构建语法应用场景| |真题板块|1篇（嫦娥四号落月）|高考真题重现，聚焦从句、词性转换|衔接高考命题模式，强化考点迁移能力| |精炼板块|12篇（航天服、月壤实验等）|多样化子主题，覆盖冠词、代词等核心语法|通过技术、科研、国际合作主题，形成语法知识网络，培养思维品质与学习能力|

2027届高考英语语法填空周周练 （原卷版） 第12周 原创2篇+精练13篇月球探测专辑 （我国首次实现火箭陆地回收+我国编制新版全月地质图） 目录 1.原创语法填空版块(2篇) P1 [我国首次实现火箭陆地回收+我国编制新版全月地质图] 2.语法填空真题版块(1篇) P3 [中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号成功落月] 2.语法填空精炼版块(12篇) P3 试卷第18页，共3页 试卷第1页，共26页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 [精炼 01 望宇登月航天服 精炼 02 天问一号火星探测器 精炼 03 月球土壤细菌改良实验 精炼 04 人类太空探索的挑战与憧憬 精炼 05 月壤发现含氮有机化合物 精炼 06 嫦娥七号探索月球南极 精炼 07 Artemis II 阿尔忒弥斯二号 精炼 08 嫦娥六号月背起飞 精炼 09 长征十号低空演示飞行试验 精炼 10 利用月壤制取水 精炼 11 月全食 Blood Moon 血月 精炼 12 嫦娥六号月背地幔温度研究] 原创板块 【原创1】我国首次实现火箭陆地回收 On August 19, 2026, China registered a major breakthrough in reusable-rocket technology with its first successful land-based controlled recovery of an orbital-class rocket first stage 1 was equipped with deployable landing legs. 2 (develop) by a Chinese commercial aerospace firm LandSpace, the Zhuque-3 Y2 rocket blasted off at 7:35a.m. Beijing Time from the Dongfeng commercial space innovation pilot zone in northwest China. Stage separation 3 (occur) 137 seconds after liftoff. Its second stage continued its flight and delivered the Honghu-03 satellite into its designated(指定的) orbit as scheduled. Meanwhile, the first-stage booster carried out attitude 4 (adjust) before re-entering the atmosphere. It employed grid fins(格栅舵) to maintain aerodynamic stability while carrying out its controlled powered descent (下降). Shortly before touchdown, four landing legs 5 (full) deployed, allowing the booster 6 (complete) a vertical soft-landing at the designated recovery site in Minqin County, Gansu Province. This milestone follows 7 successful sea-based net recovery of the Long March-10B's first stage in July, presenting China 8 two parallel technical paths for reusable launch vehicles. 9 (represent) a new-generation reusable launch vehicle fuelled by liquid-oxygen-methane, the Zhuque-3 is engineered for low-cost, high-frequency launch missions. The flight marks a key transition(过渡) from technology verification(验证) toward practical engineering application for China's commercial aerospace sector. It highlights a major breakthrough in China's reusable-rocket technology and 10 (lay) a solid foundation for future large-scale satellite-network construction. 【原创2】我国编制完成新版全月地质图 Chinese scientists have finished an updated 1:5,000,000-scale geological map of the entire moon, providing a detailed scientific 1 (refer) to advance global lunar research and guide future deep-space missions. Led by researchers from the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, the project draws on 2 (extend) observational data collected throughout the Chang'e lunar exploration program. The main map 3 (measure) 280 centimeters by 120 centimeters, supplemented(补充) by separate geological maps of the moon's north and south polar regions. It marks more than 13,000 impact craters(撞击坑) and 81 impact basins, while marking 14 4 (category) of geological structures and 17 types of lunar surface rocks. A key achievement is the 5 (revise) timeline of lunar evolution. The research team updated the age boundaries of three ancient lunar geological periods: the Aitkenian Period at 4.33 billion years ago, the Nectarian Period at 4.17 billion years ago, and the Imbrian Period at 3.92 billion years ago. For the first time globally, 6 map lays out clear subdivisions of the moon's later geological history, allowing scientists 7 (distinguish) different stages of its evolution. 8 (draw) on findings from the Chang'e-4and Chang'e-6 missions, the team identified gabbronorite, a dark, coarse-grained igneous rock, in the South Pole-Aitken Basin. This newly recognized rock provides rare direct evidence of materials 9 originated deep within the moon, revealing fresh clues about the satellite's internal structure. Experts believe the new map will serve 10 a powerful tool for human exploration of the solar system's evolution. 真题板块 【真题】（2020全国I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【精炼01】（25-26高二下·山西太原·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) is carrying forward its 1 (ambition) plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030. Astronauts will walk on the moon in the specially designed spacesuit “Wangyu”, meaning “watch the universe”. It is decorated with the red stripes 2 are inspired by the famous flying Apsaras of Dunhuang. The suit allows its wearers to move freely and complete various tasks on the moon’s surface easily. It is 3 wonder in technology that combines beauty and practicality. 4 (help) astronauts survive the extremely difficult environment on the moon, the suit 5 (equip) with special materials to protect taikonauts from radiation, dust, 6 great temperature differences. According to a video by CMSA, astronauts 7 (wear) the suit can bend, jump and explore easily on the surface of the moon. Meanwhile, CMSA experts are keeping a close eye 8 how the suit holds up during missions. It is a fun fact that the name of “Wangyu” pairs 9 (perfect) with China’s moon rover “Explorer”. Together they will continue to unlock more lunar 10 (secret) — like hidden ice water and moonquakes — soon! 【精炼02】（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）语法填空 China sent up its first Mars probe Tianwen 1 on Thursday, starting 1 series of key launch missions. It is expected 2 (reach) the planet in about seven months. The mission to Mars is much 3 (hard) compared to that to the moon. China’s Mars mission, 4 (design) for the mapping of key zones of the planet’s surface, indicates that the country’s exploration 5 (progress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determination and perseverance of the Chinese nation in looking for scientific truth of the universe. Tianwen 1 has immediately grabbed people’s attention after its successful launch. 6 is reported that there are countless discussions on topics related to spaceflight and the exploration of outer space. People’s 7 (curious) about the unknown and thirst for knowledge are obviously aroused whenever the country makes breakthroughs in space exploration. What’s more, astronauts, scientists and engineers are 8 (increasing) becoming role models for more and more Chinese, especially young people. The “Mars fever” that has been aroused 9 (show) people’s desire to know more about space, which requires more innovations to discover more about the universe 10 we live. 【精炼03】（25-26高二下·四川遂宁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, researchers in China have found a new way to turn soil fertile, making 1 possible for humans to develop agriculture on the moon. In September, special bacteria were introduced into the soil and consequently they discovered that phosphorus, an important nutrient for plants, increased. By the end of October 2024, the researchers 2 (conduct) numerous experiments and finally they made it. They grew a plant linked with the tobacco plant and used volcanic soil from the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, 3 is similar to lunar soil. They treated the moon-like soil with three different kinds of bacteria. By 4 (compare), the plants raised in the bacteria-treated soil grew 5 (well) than plants that grew in the soil without the bacteria. Xia Yitong, 6 co-author of the study, said that 7 (carry) food, oxygen and water to people on the moon would be 8 (incredible) expensive. He added, “A plant cultivation system on the moon will meet long-term food and oxygen requirements for humans, thus contributing 9 the human life on the moon. Other plans to grow food on the moon that do not need soil are more costly as they require materials 10 (transport) from Earth.” 【精炼04】（25-26高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For centuries, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered what lies beyond. The stars have always been a source of 1 (curious) and inspiration. Today, space exploration is no longer just a dream — it is a reality. Since several organisations plan to put the first humans on Mars by 2030, we are entering a new chapter in space travel. This ambition, however, comes with enormous challenges, 2 include radiation and extreme temperatures. Despite 3 (face) these difficulties, many scientists believe that exploring space 4 (be) essential for our future. It pushes the boundaries of human knowledge and drives technological innovation. The 5 (great) mystery of all, perhaps, is what we might discover out there. China has made remarkable progress in space exploration in recent years. The country has launched numerous satellites and completed crewed missions. Chinese astronauts, 6 (know) as taikonauts, have conducted experiments in space and contributed 7 international scientific research. Looking ahead, the future of space exploration is full of possibilities. Some envision (预想) permanent bases on the Moon, 8 others dream of travelling to distant galaxies. While there is no need for us to shrink from these new 9 (situation), we should always proceed with caution and wisdom. One thing is certain: the human desire 10 (explore) the unknown will never fade. As we look up at the stars, we are not just looking at light from the past — we are looking at our future. 【精炼05】（25-26高二下·重庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An international team led by Chinese scientists has found, for the first time, nitrogen-bearing organic compounds (含氮有机化合物) on the moon’s soil, offering new ideas about the 1 (evolve) of early life in the solar system. By studying lunar samples 2 (collect) from China’s Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6 missions, scientists learned that asteroids (小行星) and comets (彗星) once acted 3 “carriers”, delivering primarily essential life elements to the inner solar system. Unlike Earth, the moon, 4 few geological changes happen, keeps a record of these deliveries. 5 (use) modern lab tools, the team found that the lunar organic matter 6 (main) contains carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In some samples, they even found materials similar to 7 in proteins. The researchers also noticed signs of solar wind activity on the moon, which help provide a clearer picture of 8 organic matter arrived and changed in the early solar system. The team’s methods can be used in future space missions. As one scientist said, “We have found clear evidence that the solar wind played 9 crucial role.” Another researcher added, “We 10 (continue) to study these samples in the years to come.” Their work shows careful observation leads to significant discoveries. 【精炼06】（25-26高二下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面一篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s space program is advancing with Chang’e-7, a project 1 (seek) to explore the moon’s south pole. The spaceship is scheduled to launch later. 2 previous missions, Chang’ e-7 carries a special intelligent machine designed to enter its deep, sunless areas, 3 sunlight never shines. Scientists around the world are eagerly waiting to confirm the existence of water there. It is 4 basic resource for building future bases on the moon. If sufficient water is finally found, it could be processed by our astronauts right on site. This makes ____5_____ possible to build a man-made atmosphere for long-term habitation, ensuring that our astronauts have enough time 6 (conduct) more experiments. The mission also carries instruments from several other countries. This clearly shows China’s 7 (willing) to work together in space exploration. Once successfully 8 (collect) there, the valuable research data will be shared by scientists worldwide. “We face extreme conditions and great difficulties,” a top designer of the project said proudly. “However, our team has prepared for years to deal with the extreme conditions 9 (effective). ” It is widely believed that the final success of this historic mission will help us solve more hidden puzzles of the universe. It may even help experts understand how life 10 (begin) on Earth. 【精炼07】（25-26高二下·江西上饶·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 NASA’s Artemis II mission, which sent four astronauts 1 (go) around the moon, concluded successfully on April 10, 2026. The crew splashed down (水中着陆) safely in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of San Diego, ending a historic 10-day space journey. This mission has set a new record for the 2 (far) human spaceflight ever. The astronauts traveled 3 total of 694,481 miles and reached a maximum distance of 252,756 miles from Earth, surpassing the 50-year-old record set by the Apollo 13 mission. During the lunar flyby, they 4 (fly) close to the far side of the moon and took more than 7,000 5 (value) pictures of the moon, a solar eclipse and Earth. Besides breaking the record, the crew completed strict tests on the Orion spacecraft, 6 (include) its life support, navigation and communication systems. All systems worked 7 (effective), providing plenty of data for future deep-space exploration. 8 is reported that this successful mission has laid a solid foundation for Artemis III, 9 aims to land astronauts on the lunar surface as early as 2027. It also brings humans closer to the goal of crewed missions to Mars in the future. This remarkable journey is seen 10 a big step forward for humanity’s exploration of deep space, and it will be remembered in human’s space exploration history forever. 【精炼08】（25-26高二上·上海·期末）Chang’e-6 Takes Off from the Moon’s Far Side The ascender of China’s Chang’e-6 probe (探测器) lifted off from the lunar surface on Tuesday morning, carrying samples collected from the moon’s far side, 1 unprecedented achievement in human lunar exploration history. The Chang’e-6 probe, 2 (consist) of an orbiter, a lander, an ascender and a returner — like its predecessor Chang’e-5 — was launched on May 3. Its lander-ascender combination touched down at 3 was designated as the landing area in the South Pole in June 2. The spacecraft finished its intelligent and rapid sampling work, and the samples were put in a container inside the ascender of the probe as planned. “The mission 4 (withstand) the test of high temperature on the far side of the moon,” said the China National Space Administration (CNSA). It adopted two methods of moon sampling, including using a drill to collect subsurface samples and grabbing samples on the surface 5 a robotic arm. It automatically gathered diverse samples at different sites. After the sampling was completed, a Chinese flag carried by the lander 6 (unfold) for the first time on the far side of the moon. Unlike takeoff on Earth, the ascender could not rely on a launch tower system, and the lander acted as a temporary “launching pad” instead. Chang’e-6’s takeoff from the far side of the moon can’t copy the Chang’e-5 ascent from the near side of the moon, 7 it could not receive direct ground control and support. It ___8____ use its special sensors to achieve autonomous positioning and orientation, with the assistance of Queqiao-2 for communication. Compared with Chang’e-5, Chang’e-6, 9 has witnessed improvements in the autonomy and reliability of its navigation, tackles the challenges posed by the uncertainties of the moon’s far side during its takeoff and ascent. The control system of Chang’e-6 has also been enhanced to improve its autonomy, making it possible for lunar takeoff and ascent 10 (complete) with reduced reliance on relay satellite and ground support. 【精炼09】（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）语法填空 On February 11, 2026, China successfully 1 (carry) out a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan Province. During the test, the Long March-10 completed a low-altitude 2 (demonstrate) flight. When reaching the conditions at maximum dynamic pressure, the Mengzhou return capsule received the command from the rocket and successfully separated as 3 (plan). It was China’s first successful at-sea recovery of both a rocket stage and a crewed spacecraft capsule. The test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype (原型) form. 4 called a “low-altitude test”, the first stage literally reached about 105 kilometers — well above the Karman line (卡门线), the recognized boundary of space. That’s 5 same altitude it will reach in real lunar missions. The test proved that the rocket's first stage could fly and land as designed. It also showed that the spacecraft’s escape system worked 6 (reliable) under difficult flight conditions. In addition, the test demonstrated smooth cooperation among the rocket, spacecraft, ground control, 7 sea recovery system. This important success lays a solid technical foundation 8 the development of future flight models and 9 (bring) China closer to its goal of 10 (send) astronauts to the moon before 2030. 【精炼10】（25-26高二上·重庆·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Making water on the moon using lunar soil is a topic that attracts many scientists. The water content of the lunar soil is 1 (extreme) low, ranging from 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent. This makes 2 (take) the water right there on the moon very difficult — but not impossible. In the lunar soil samples 3 (bring) back by the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (探测器) in 2020, Chinese scientists found large amounts of hydrogen (氢) as a result of billions of years of 4 (expose) to solar winds. When the hydrogen 5 (subject) to high temperatures, it reacts with the soil, generating elemental iron (单质铁) along with water. 6 the temperature goes above 1,000 C, the soil will break down, releasing the water as collectible vapor. Through this method, “1 ton of lunar regolith (表土) material can produce more than 50 kilograms of water,” Wang Junqiang, 7 professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, told China Daily. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day. The finding lays a foundation for China 8 (proceed) with its plan to build an international lunar research station. According 9 Xinhua, in 2035, a station with basic functions 10 (construct) near the moon’s south pole. 【精炼11】（25-26高三上·江西吉安·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A spectacular total lunar eclipse (月食), known as the “Blood Moon”, captivated observers across Asia from the night of September 7 to the early morning of September 8. The peak 1 (visible) in China was between 01:30-02:53a.m., during 2 the moon appeared a rare crimson hue (深红色). This rare celestial event, lasting 5.5 hours, was caused by sunlight scattering through Earth’s atmosphere. 3 lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth and moon are in line with the sun, causing the moon 4 (enter) the Earth’s shadow. The shadow consists of the umbra (本影) and the penumbra (半影): a total eclipse happens when the moon is 5 (full) covered in the umbra, a partial eclipse when only part enters, and a penumbral eclipse when it passes only through the penumbra. 6 solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be safely viewed with the eyes, binoculars, or cameras. Among the three types, the total eclipse is the most visually 7 (impress). During totality, sunlight streaming through Earth’s atmosphere 8 (bend) and scattered, filtering out the blue light 9 letting the redder wavelengths shine onto the moon. That’s why it earns the nickname “blood moon.” 10 (depend) on our planet’s atmospheric conditions, the shade can range from bright orange to a deep, rusty red. 【精炼12】（25-26高三上·宁夏银川·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Based on samples collected from the lunar far side by China’s Chang’e-6 mission, Chinese scientists, for the first time, 1 (discover) the temperature differences between the lunar farside mantle (地幔) and the nearside one, which will enhance our understanding of the moon’s history. According to a joint statement 2 (release) on Monday by the China National Space Administration, researchers have discovered the lunar mantle on the far side of the moon is “colder” than 3 on its near side. 4 (specific), Chang’e-6 basalts (玄武岩) from the far side show the mantle potential temperature is roughly 100℃ lower 5 comparison with nearside basalts returned by the Apollo and Chang’e-5 missions. Scientists used various methods to analyze typical minerals in the lunar basalt samples retrieved by the Chang’e-6 probe, the results of 6 were published in the academic journal Nature Geoscience on Sept.30. The findings will further enrich our understanding of the dual nature of moon, provide scientific evidence for the temperature differences in the lunar mantle, 7 present key scientific data for research on lunar evolution. The dual nature of moon marked by the significant differences between the moon’s near and far sides 8 (consider) one of the most crucial scientific 9 (mystery)in lunar exploration. This also marks a new achievement from the cross-disciplinary collaboration between Chinese nuclear and space scientists, 10 (follow)their discovery of the sixth lunar mineral — Changesite-(Y) — in late 2022. $ 2027届高考英语语法填空周周练 （解析版） 第12周 原创2篇+精练13篇月球探测专辑 （我国首次实现火箭陆地回收+我国编制新版全月地质图） 目录 1.原创语法填空版块(2篇) P1 [我国首次实现火箭陆地回收+我国编制新版全月地质图] 2.语法填空真题版块(1篇) P4 [中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号成功落月] 2.语法填空精炼版块(12篇) P6 试卷第18页，共3页 试卷第3页，共26页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 [精炼 01 望宇登月航天服 精炼 02 天问一号火星探测器 精炼 03 月球土壤细菌改良实验 精炼 04 人类太空探索的挑战与憧憬 精炼 05 月壤发现含氮有机化合物 精炼 06 嫦娥七号探索月球南极 精炼 07 Artemis II 阿尔忒弥斯二号 精炼 08 嫦娥六号月背起飞 精炼 09 长征十号低空演示飞行试验 精炼 10 利用月壤制取水 精炼 11 月全食 Blood Moon 血月 精炼 12 嫦娥六号月背地幔温度研究] 原创板块 【原创1】我国首次实现火箭陆地回收 On August 19, 2026, China registered a major breakthrough in reusable-rocket technology with its first successful land-based controlled recovery of an orbital-class rocket first stage 1 was equipped with deployable landing legs. 2 (develop) by a Chinese commercial aerospace firm LandSpace, the Zhuque-3 Y2 rocket blasted off at 7:35a.m. Beijing Time from the Dongfeng commercial space innovation pilot zone in northwest China. Stage separation 3 (occur) 137 seconds after liftoff. Its second stage continued its flight and delivered the Honghu-03 satellite into its designated(指定的) orbit as scheduled. Meanwhile, the first-stage booster carried out attitude 4 (adjust) before re-entering the atmosphere. It employed grid fins(格栅舵) to maintain aerodynamic stability while carrying out its controlled powered descent (下降). Shortly before touchdown, four landing legs 5 (full) deployed, allowing the booster 6 (complete) a vertical soft-landing at the designated recovery site in Minqin County, Gansu Province. This milestone follows 7 successful sea-based net recovery of the Long March-10B's first stage in July, presenting China 8 two parallel technical paths for reusable launch vehicles. 9 (represent) a new-generation reusable launch vehicle fuelled by liquid-oxygen-methane, the Zhuque-3 is engineered for low-cost, high-frequency launch missions. The flight marks a key transition(过渡) from technology verification(验证) toward practical engineering application for China's commercial aerospace sector. It highlights a major breakthrough in China's reusable-rocket technology and 10 (lay) a solid foundation for future large-scale satellite-network construction. 【答案】1.which/that 2.Developed 3.occurred 4.adjustment 5.fully 6.to complete 7.the 8.with 9.Representing 10.lays 【导读】2026年8月19日，中国在可重复使用火箭技术领域取得重大突破，首次完成配备可展开着陆支腿的轨道级火箭一子级陆上受控回收。 【解析】 1.考查定语从句。句意：中国在可重复使用火箭技术领域取得重大突破，首次完成配备可展开着陆支腿的轨道级火箭一子级陆上受控回收。结合语境这里应用定语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用which/that。故填which/that。 2.考查非谓语。句意：朱雀三号遥二火箭由中国商业航天企业蓝箭航天研制，于北京时间7时35分在东风商业航天创新试验区点火升空。结合语境这里应用过去分词短语作状语，表示被动含义。故填Developed。 3.考查动词时态。句意：火箭起飞137秒后发生级间分离。结合语境描述过去行为应用一般过去时，注意尾字母双写。故填occurred。 4.考查名词。句意：与此间时，火箭一子级开展姿态调整，之后重返大气层。结合语境这里应用名词作动词宾语，adjustment调整。故填adjustment。 5.考查副词。句意：即将触地前，四条着陆支腿完全展开，一子级最终在甘肃省民勤县指定回收场实现垂直软着陆。结合语境这里修饰动词应用副词。故填fully。 6.考查非谓语。句意：同上。结合语境这里考查allow sb to do sth表示“允许某人做某事”。故填to complete。 7.考查冠词。句意：这一里程碑紧随7月长征十号乙一子级海上回收试验取得成功之后。结合语境这里表示特指7月海上回收成功这件事，应用定冠词。故填the。 8.考查介词。句意：这为中国可重复使用运载火箭形成两条并行的技术发展路径。结合语境这里考查固定搭配，present sb with sth.表示“某人提供某物”。故填with。 9.考查非谓语。句意：朱雀三号代表新一代液氧甲烷可重复使用运载火箭，面向低成本、高颜次发射任务设计研制。结合语境这里应用现在分词作状语，表示主动概念。故填Representing。 10.考查动词时态。句意：此次飞行凸显出中国在可重复使用火箭技术额城取得的重大突戳，也为未来大规模卫星网络建设筑牢坚实基础。结合语境这里是and连接两个并列句，谓语动词时态一致，因此应用一般现在时。故填lays。 reusable /ˌriːˈjuːzəbl/adj. 可重复使用的 deployable /dɪˈplɔɪəbl/adj. 可展开的 booster /ˈbuːstə(r)/n. 助推器 aerodynamic /ˌeərəʊdaɪˈnæmɪk/adj. 空气动力学的 descent /dɪˈsent/n. 下降；下落 vertical /ˈvɜːtɪkl/adj. 垂直的 parallel /ˈpærəlel/adj. 并行的；平行的 verification /ˌverɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/n. 验证；核实 orbital class /ˈɔːbɪtl klɑːs/adj. 轨道级的 land based controlled recovery 陆上受控回收 deployable landing legs 可展开着陆支腿 blast off 点火升空；发射 designated orbit 指定轨道 attitude adjustment 姿态调整 grid fins 格栅舵 aerodynamic stability 空气动力学稳定性 sea based net recovery 海上网式回收 satellite network construction 卫星网络建设 【原创2】我国编制完成新版全月地质图 Chinese scientists have finished an updated 1:5,000,000-scale geological map of the entire moon, providing a detailed scientific 1 (refer) to advance global lunar research and guide future deep-space missions. Led by researchers from the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, the project draws on 2 (extend) observational data collected throughout the Chang'e lunar exploration program. The main map 3 (measure) 280 centimeters by 120 centimeters, supplemented(补充) by separate geological maps of the moon's north and south polar regions. It marks more than 13,000 impact craters(撞击坑) and 81 impact basins, while marking 14 4 (category) of geological structures and 17 types of lunar surface rocks. A key achievement is the 5 (revise) timeline of lunar evolution. The research team updated the age boundaries of three ancient lunar geological periods: the Aitkenian Period at 4.33 billion years ago, the Nectarian Period at 4.17 billion years ago, and the Imbrian Period at 3.92 billion years ago. For the first time globally, 6 map lays out clear subdivisions of the moon's later geological history, allowing scientists 7 (distinguish) different stages of its evolution. 8 (draw) on findings from the Chang'e-4and Chang'e-6 missions, the team identified gabbronorite, a dark, coarse-grained igneous rock, in the South Pole-Aitken Basin. This newly recognized rock provides rare direct evidence of materials 9 originated deep within the moon, revealing fresh clues about the satellite's internal structure. Experts believe the new map will serve 10 a powerful tool for human exploration of the solar system's evolution. 【答案】1.reference2.extensive3.measures4.categories5.revised 6.the 7.to distinguish8.Drawing9.that/which 10.as 【导读】中国科学家完成比例尺1:500万全月地质图更新编制工作，为全球月球科学研究提供详尽参考资料，同时为后续深空探测任务提供指引。 【解析】 1.考查名词。句意：中国科学家完成比例尺1:500万全月地质图更新编制工作，为全球月球科学研究提供详尽参考资料。结合语境这里需要名词作宾语。reference参考资料。故填reference。 2.考查形容词。句意：该项目由中国地质科学院地质研究所科研人员牵头，依托嫦娥探月工程获取的海量观测数据开展。结合语境这里修饰名词应用形容词。extensive广泛的。故填extensive。 3.考查动词时态。句意：地质图主图幅尺寸为280厘米X120厘米，配套月球南北极区域独立地质图。结合语境这里描述该地图客观情况，应该用一般现在时；同时measure表示“测量起来”，主动形式表示被动意义。故填measures。 4.考查名词复数。句意：图中标注逾1.3万个撞击坑、81个撞击盆地，划分出14类地质构造与17种月表岩石类型。结合语境14是关键词，暗示用名词复数。故填categories。 5.考查非谓语。句意：本次工作的一项核心成果是完善月球演化时间序列。结合语境这里应用过去分词作定语，表示“被修改的”。故填revised。 6.考查冠词。句意：这份地质图首次在全球范围内对月球晚期地质演化历史作出清晰划分于科研人员区分月球演化的不同阶段。结合语境这里特指这份1:500万全月地质图，表示特指。故填the。 7.考查非谓语。句意：同上。结合语境这里考查allow sb to do sth句型。故填to distinguish。 8.考查非谓语。句意：借助嫦娥四号、嫦娥六号探测任务取得的科研成果，研究团队在南极-艾肯盆地识别出辉长苏长岩。结合语境这里draw on表示“利用，借助于”，这里用现在分词表示主动行为。故填Drawing。 9.考查定语从句。句意：。这种暗色粗粒火成岩，为探究月球深部物质提供了珍贵的直接证据，为研究月球内部构造带来新线索。结合语境空白处应该用定语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应该用故填that/which。故填that/which。 10.考查介词。句意：专家认为，这张新地图将成为人类探究太阳系演化的有力工具。结合语境这里考查serve as表示“担任，充当”。故填as。 geological /ˌdʒiːəˈlɒdʒɪkl/adj. 地质的 reference /ˈrefrəns/n. 参考资料 crater /ˈkreɪtə(r)/n. 撞击坑；环形山 category /ˈkætəɡəri/n. 类别；类型 revise /rɪˈvaɪz/v. 修改；修订 evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/n. 演化；演变 subdivision /ˌsʌbdɪˈvɪʒn/n. 细分；划分 draw on 利用；借助 lunar evolution 月球演化 internal structure 内部构造 真题板块 【真题】（2020全国I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70. Its 【导读】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。 61. touched。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 62. extremely。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。 63. where。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 64. interest。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 65. than。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知，此处填介词than，表示“比……更”。故填than。 66. to find。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 67. means。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。 68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。 69. much。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。 70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 【精炼01】（25-26高二下·山西太原·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) is carrying forward its 1 (ambition) plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030. Astronauts will walk on the moon in the specially designed spacesuit “Wangyu”, meaning “watch the universe”. It is decorated with the red stripes 2 are inspired by the famous flying Apsaras of Dunhuang. The suit allows its wearers to move freely and complete various tasks on the moon’s surface easily. It is 3 wonder in technology that combines beauty and practicality. 4 (help) astronauts survive the extremely difficult environment on the moon, the suit 5 (equip) with special materials to protect taikonauts from radiation, dust, 6 great temperature differences. According to a video by CMSA, astronauts 7 (wear) the suit can bend, jump and explore easily on the surface of the moon. Meanwhile, CMSA experts are keeping a close eye 8 how the suit holds up during missions. It is a fun fact that the name of “Wangyu” pairs 9 (perfect) with China’s moon rover “Explorer”. Together they will continue to unlock more lunar 10 (secret) — like hidden ice water and moonquakes — soon! 【答案】 1．ambitious 2．that/which 3．a 4．To help 5．is equipped 6．and 7．wearing 8．on 9．perfectly 10．secrets 【导语】文章主要介绍中国载人航天工程登月计划以及为登月打造的“望宇”航天服的设计、功能与命名寓意。 【详解】1．考查形容词。句意：中国载人航天工程办公室正在推进其宏大计划，力争2030年前实现航天员登月。空处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词ambitious。 2．考查定语从句。句意：航天服上装饰着红色条纹，这些条纹的灵感源自敦煌著名飞天壁画。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the red stripes，空处在从句中作主语，可用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 3．考查冠词。句意：它是一件融合美观与实用的科技杰作。wonder 是可数名词单数，此处表示 “一件杰作”，表泛指；wonder 发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a 修饰。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助航天员在月球极端恶劣的环境中生存，航天服配备了特殊材料，以保护航天员免受辐射、尘埃以及巨大温差的侵害。空处在句中作目的状语，使用动词不定式。 5．考查时态与被动语态。句意：同上。主语the suit与动词equip之间是被动关系，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。 6．考查并列连词。句意：同上。根据“radiation(辐射)”、“dust(尘埃)”以及“great temperature differences(巨大温差)”可知，三者是并列的三类危害，用并列连词and连接。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国载人航天工程办公室发布的视频，身着这套航天服的航天员可以轻松弯腰、跳跃并在月表开展探测。空处修饰名词astronauts，astronauts与wear是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词wearing作后置定语。 8．考查介词。句意：与此同时，中国载人航天工程办公室专家密切关注这套航天服在任务中的性能表现。keep a close eye on为固定短语，意为“密切关注”。 9．考查副词。句意：一个有趣的细节是，“望宇”这个名字和中国月球车“探索者”搭配得十分契合。空白处修饰动词pairs，需用副词perfectly作状语，意为“完美地，绝佳地”。 10．考查名词。句意：二者携手，不久将揭开更多月球奥秘 —— 比如地下冰水与月震等。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词。secret 是可数名词，前面有more修饰，需变为复数形式。 【精炼02】（25-26高二下·全国·课后作业）语法填空 China sent up its first Mars probe Tianwen 1 on Thursday, starting 1 series of key launch missions. It is expected 2 (reach) the planet in about seven months. The mission to Mars is much 3 (hard) compared to that to the moon. China’s Mars mission, 4 (design) for the mapping of key zones of the planet’s surface, indicates that the country’s exploration 5 (progress) rapidly in the past years. It expresses the determination and perseverance of the Chinese nation in looking for scientific truth of the universe. Tianwen 1 has immediately grabbed people’s attention after its successful launch. 6 is reported that there are countless discussions on topics related to spaceflight and the exploration of outer space. People’s 7 (curious) about the unknown and thirst for knowledge are obviously aroused whenever the country makes breakthroughs in space exploration. What’s more, astronauts, scientists and engineers are 8 (increasing) becoming role models for more and more Chinese, especially young people. The “Mars fever” that has been aroused 9 (show) people’s desire to know more about space, which requires more innovations to discover more about the universe 10 we live. 【答案】 1．a 2．to reach 3．harder 4．designed 5．has progressed 6．It 7．curiosity 8．increasingly 9．shows 10．where 【导语】文章介绍了中国发射首个火星探测器“天问一号”，开启一系列关键发射任务，还阐述了此次火星任务的难度及意义。 【详解】1．考查冠词。句意：周四，中国发射了首个火星探测器“天问一号”，开启了一系列关键发射任务。a series of是固定短语，意为“一系列”。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：预计它将在大约七个月后到达火星。sb./sth. be expected to do sth.是固定句型，意为“预计某人/某事将……”，其中不定式作主语补足语；句中It指代上文“Tianwen 1”。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：与月球任务相比，火星任务要困难得多。根据“compared to that to the moon”可知，这里是将火星任务和月球任务进行比较，应用形容词比较级harder作表语，意为“更困难”，前面的much修饰比较级。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的火星任务旨在绘制火星表面关键区域的地图，这表明中国在过去几年里的探索取得了迅速进展。“______ (design) for the mapping of key zones of the planet’s surface”作后置定语，design(计划，设计)与其逻辑主语China’s Mars mission之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。progress(进步，进展)作从句谓语，根据时间状语“in the past years”可知，描述过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时态，主语exploration是不可数名词，助动词用has。 6．考查代词。句意：据报道，人们对航天和外层空间探索的话题展开了无数讨论。It is reported that…是固定句型，意为“据报道……”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。 7．考查名词。句意：每当国家在太空探索方面取得突破时，人们对未知事物的好奇心和对知识的渴望显然会被激发出来。空前有People’s，空处用名词作主语，用名词curiosity，意为“好奇心”，是不可数名词。 8．考查副词。句意：此外，宇航员、科学家和工程师正日益成为越来越多中国人，尤其是年轻人的榜样。空处修饰动词becoming，用副词increasingly作状语，意为“越来越多地，不断增加地”。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：引发的“火星热”表明人们渴望更多地了解太空，这需要更多的创新来探索我们生活的宇宙。show(表明)作主句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时态，主语The “Mars fever”是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 10．考查定语从句。句意同上。“ we live”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the universe，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。 【精炼03】（25-26高二下·四川遂宁·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, researchers in China have found a new way to turn soil fertile, making 1 possible for humans to develop agriculture on the moon. In September, special bacteria were introduced into the soil and consequently they discovered that phosphorus, an important nutrient for plants, increased. By the end of October 2024, the researchers 2 (conduct) numerous experiments and finally they made it. They grew a plant linked with the tobacco plant and used volcanic soil from the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, 3 is similar to lunar soil. They treated the moon-like soil with three different kinds of bacteria. By 4 (compare), the plants raised in the bacteria-treated soil grew 5 (well) than plants that grew in the soil without the bacteria. Xia Yitong, 6 co-author of the study, said that 7 (carry) food, oxygen and water to people on the moon would be 8 (incredible) expensive. He added, “A plant cultivation system on the moon will meet long-term food and oxygen requirements for humans, thus contributing 9 the human life on the moon. Other plans to grow food on the moon that do not need soil are more costly as they require materials 10 (transport) from Earth.” 【答案】 1．it 2．had conducted 3．which 4．comparison 5．better 6．a 7．carrying 8．incredibly 9．to 10．to be transported 【导语】主要介绍中国研究人员研发出让土壤变肥沃的新方法，借助细菌改良类月球土壤实现植物种植，以此降低月球人类生存物资供给成本。 【详解】1．考查代词。句意：近日，中国研究人员发现了一种让土壤变得肥沃的新方法，使得人类在月球上发展农业成为可能。此处用形式代词it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式结构，固定结构make it possible for sb. to do sth.，所以此处为it。 2．考查动词时态。句意：到2024年十月底，研究人员已经开展了大量实验并且最终取得了成功。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语By the end of October 2024可知，此处要用过去完成时，其结构为“had+过去分词”，所以用had conducted。 3．考查定语从句。句意：他们种植了一种与烟草相关的植物，并且使用了吉林省长白山地区和月球土壤质地相似的火山土壤。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为volcanic soil指事物，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which。 4．考查名词。句意：经过对比，在经过细菌处理的土壤中培育的植物比生长在未经过细菌处理土壤中的植物长势更好。此处为名词作宾语，compare的名词为comparison意为“比较”，固定搭配by comparison意为“相比之下；经过对比”，所以此处为名词comparison。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：经过对比，在经过细菌处理的土壤中培育的植物比生长在未经过细菌处理土壤中的植物长势更好。根据句中的比较级标志词than可知，此处要用副词比较级，well的比较级形式为better。 6．考查冠词。句意：该研究的一位共同作者夏一桐表示，向月球上的人类运送食物、氧气和水资源的成本会高得惊人。co-author为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，结合句意，此处表示“一位共同作者”为泛指，且co-author是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究的一位共同作者夏一桐表示，向月球上的人类运送食物、氧气和水资源的成本会高得惊人。此处在从句中作主语，动词作主语需要使用动名词形式，所以用carrying。 8．考查副词。句意：该研究的一位共同作者夏一桐表示，向月球上的人类运送食物、氧气和水资源的成本会高得惊人。此处用来修饰形容词expensive，需要使用副词作状语，incredible的副词形式为incredibly意为“极其，非常地”。 9．考查介词。句意：他补充道：“月球上的植物培育系统能够满足人类长期的食物与氧气需求，进而为人类在月球生存提供保障。其他无需土壤的月球粮食种植方案成本更高，因为这类方案需要从地球运送相关物资。”此处为固定搭配contribute to，意为“有助于；促成”，所以此处为介词to。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充道：“月球上的植物培育系统能够满足人类长期的食物与氧气需求，进而为人类在月球生存提供保障。其他无需土壤的月球粮食种植方案成本更高，因为这类方案需要从地球运送相关物资。”此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，materials与transport之间为被动关系，且表示将要发生的动作，所以用不定式的被动形式to be transported。 【精炼04】（25-26高二下·黑龙江佳木斯·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For centuries, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered what lies beyond. The stars have always been a source of 1 (curious) and inspiration. Today, space exploration is no longer just a dream — it is a reality. Since several organisations plan to put the first humans on Mars by 2030, we are entering a new chapter in space travel. This ambition, however, comes with enormous challenges, 2 include radiation and extreme temperatures. Despite 3 (face) these difficulties, many scientists believe that exploring space 4 (be) essential for our future. It pushes the boundaries of human knowledge and drives technological innovation. The 5 (great) mystery of all, perhaps, is what we might discover out there. China has made remarkable progress in space exploration in recent years. The country has launched numerous satellites and completed crewed missions. Chinese astronauts, 6 (know) as taikonauts, have conducted experiments in space and contributed 7 international scientific research. Looking ahead, the future of space exploration is full of possibilities. Some envision (预想) permanent bases on the Moon, 8 others dream of travelling to distant galaxies. While there is no need for us to shrink from these new 9 (situation), we should always proceed with caution and wisdom. One thing is certain: the human desire 10 (explore) the unknown will never fade. As we look up at the stars, we are not just looking at light from the past — we are looking at our future. 【答案】 1．curiosity 2． which 3．facing 4．is 5．greatest 6．known 7．to 8．while 9．situations 10．to explore 【导语】人类自古以来仰望星空、好奇天外世界。如今太空探索逐步成真，挑战重重却意义深远。中国航天成就突出，人类探索未知的热情永不消减。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：星辰一直是好奇心与灵感的源泉。介词of后需名词，与 inspiration并列作宾语，curious的名词形式为curiosity，表“好奇”，为不可数名词。 2．考查定语从句。句意：然而，这一宏伟抱负伴随着巨大挑战，其中包括辐射和极端温度。此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词challenges，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管面临这些困难，许多科学家认为探索太空对我们的未来至关重要。 face在句中为动词“面临”，Despite是介词，后接动名词facing作宾语。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管面临这些困难，许多科学家认为探索太空对我们的未来至关重要。be动词在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，句子阐述普遍看法，应用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语视为单数，所以be动词用is。 5．考查形容词最高级。句意：或许一切谜团之中最大的谜题，就是我们有可能在那里发现什么。范围限定of all，前有定冠词The，需使用形容词最高级修饰mystery，great的最高级为greatest。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国宇航员被称作航天员，他们在太空开展实验，为国际科学研究作出贡献。have conducted与contributed并列作谓语，此处为非谓语，Chinese astronauts与know为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词known作后置定语。 7．考查介词。句意：中国宇航员被称作航天员，他们在太空开展实验，为国际科学研究作出贡献。此处考查固定搭配contribute to，意为“为……作出贡献”。 8．考查连词。句意：一些人设想在月球建立永久基地，然而另一些人梦想前往遥远的星系。分析句子结构可知，前后分句形成对比，while表示“然而”，符合语境。 9．考查名词复数。句意：虽然我们不必畏惧这些新状况，但我们应当始终谨慎明智地前行。these后接可数名词复数，situation复数形式为situations。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：有一点是确定无疑的：人类探索未知的渴望永远不会消退。此处考查固定结构the desire to do sth.，表“做某事的欲望”，用不定式作后置定语。 【精炼05】（25-26高二下·重庆·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An international team led by Chinese scientists has found, for the first time, nitrogen-bearing organic compounds (含氮有机化合物) on the moon’s soil, offering new ideas about the 1 (evolve) of early life in the solar system. By studying lunar samples 2 (collect) from China’s Chang’e 5 and Chang’e 6 missions, scientists learned that asteroids (小行星) and comets (彗星) once acted 3 “carriers”, delivering primarily essential life elements to the inner solar system. Unlike Earth, the moon, 4 few geological changes happen, keeps a record of these deliveries. 5 (use) modern lab tools, the team found that the lunar organic matter 6 (main) contains carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In some samples, they even found materials similar to 7 in proteins. The researchers also noticed signs of solar wind activity on the moon, which help provide a clearer picture of 8 organic matter arrived and changed in the early solar system. The team’s methods can be used in future space missions. As one scientist said, “We have found clear evidence that the solar wind played 9 crucial role.” Another researcher added, “We 10 (continue) to study these samples in the years to come.” Their work shows careful observation leads to significant discoveries. 【答案】 1．evolution 2．collected 3．as 4 ．where 5．Using 6．mainly 7．those 8．how 9．a 10．will continue 【导语】文章介绍了中国科学家领导的国际团队首次在月球土壤中发现含氮有机化合物，为太阳系早期生命演化提供了新思路。 【详解】1．考查名词。句意：一个由中国科学家领导的国际团队首次在月球土壤中发现了含氮有机化合物，为太阳系早期生命的演化提供了新的思路。提示词作宾语，且有定冠词the限定，应用名词evolution(演化)，不可数名词。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过研究中国嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号任务收集的月球样本，科学家们了解到，小行星和彗星曾充当“载体”，将主要的生命必需元素输送到内太阳系。此处作后置定语，collect(收集)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语samples之间是被动关系，应用过去分词collected表被动。 3．考查介词。句意：通过研究中国嫦娥五号和嫦娥六号任务收集的月球样本，科学家们了解到，小行星和彗星曾充当“载体”，将主要的生命必需元素输送到内太阳系。act as为固定搭配，意为“充当，扮演……角色”。 4．考查定语从句。句意：与地球不同，月球上很少发生地质变化，因此保留了这些输送的记录。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the moon，关系词指代先行词，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：利用现代实验室工具，该团队发现月球有机物主要含有碳、氮和氧。此处作伴随状语，use(使用)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语the team之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。 6．考查副词。句意：利用现代实验室工具，该团队发现月球有机物主要含有碳、氮和氧。提示词main(主要的)在句中修饰动词contains，应用副词形式mainly(主要地)作状语。 7．考查代词。句意：在一些样本中，他们甚至发现了类似于蛋白质中的物质。此处指代前文提到的复数名词materials，且表示“蛋白质中的那些物质”，是同类异物特指，用复数代词those作宾语。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：研究人员还注意到月球上有太阳风活动的迹象，这有助于更清晰地描绘有机物在早期太阳系中如何到达和变化。此处引导宾语从句，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how引导该从句并在从句中作方式状语。 9．考查冠词。句意：我们已经找到明确证据，证明太阳风发挥了关键作用。play a role为固定搭配，意为“发挥作用”，且crucial发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。 10．考查时态。句意：我们将在未来几年继续研究这些样本。continue(继续)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the years to come”可知，表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时态will continue。 【精炼06】（25-26高二下·福建福州·期末）阅读下面一篇短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s space program is advancing with Chang’e-7, a project 1 (seek) to explore the moon’s south pole. The spaceship is scheduled to launch later. 2 previous missions, Chang’ e-7 carries a special intelligent machine designed to enter its deep, sunless areas, 3 sunlight never shines. Scientists around the world are eagerly waiting to confirm the existence of water there. It is 4 basic resource for building future bases on the moon. If sufficient water is finally found, it could be processed by our astronauts right on site. This makes ____5_____ possible to build a man-made atmosphere for long-term habitation, ensuring that our astronauts have enough time 6 (conduct) more experiments. The mission also carries instruments from several other countries. This clearly shows China’s 7 (willing) to work together in space exploration. Once successfully 8 (collect) there, the valuable research data will be shared by scientists worldwide. “We face extreme conditions and great difficulties,” a top designer of the project said proudly. “However, our team has prepared for years to deal with the extreme conditions 9 (effective). ” It is widely believed that the final success of this historic mission will help us solve more hidden puzzles of the universe. It may even help experts understand how life 10 (begin) on Earth. 【答案】 1．seeking 2．Unlike 3．where 4．a 5．it 6．to conduct 7．willingness 8．collected 9．effectively 10．began 【导语】本文介绍中国旨在探索月球南极的嫦娥七号探月项目，介绍了该项目的特殊配置、研究目标、国际合作安排，以及该任务对太空探索、研究地球生命起源的重要意义。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国航天工程依靠嫦娥七号不断推进，该项目旨在探索月球南极。名词project与seek为主动关系，此处用现在分词seeking作后置定语。 2．考查介词。句意：与以往的探月任务不同，嫦娥七号搭载了一台特殊智能设备，用于进入月球深处终年不见阳光、无日光照射的区域。结合后文本次任务的独特配置，此处用Unlike表示“与……不同”，体现本次任务的创新性。 3．考查定语从句。句意：与以往的探月任务不同，嫦娥七号搭载了一台特殊智能设备，用于进入月球深处终年不见阳光、无日光照射的区域。先行词areas表示地点，非限制性定语从句结构完整、不缺主语和宾语，用关系副词where在从句中充当地点状语。 4．考查冠词。句意：它是未来月球基地建设的基础资源。resource为可数名词单数，basic以辅音音素开头，此处表一类事物，用不定冠词a。 5．考查形式宾语。句意：如果最终能在月球上发现充足的水资源，宇航员可就地处理水源，这使得构建人工大气、实现长期驻留成为可能。固定句型make it possible to do sth.，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果最终能在月球上发现充足的水资源，宇航员可就地处理水源，这使得构建人工大气、实现长期驻留成为可能，确保宇航员有充足时间开展更多科学实验。固定搭配have time to do sth.，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词time。 7．考查名词。句意：这充分体现中国愿意在太空探索领域开展国际合作。名词所有格China’s后需接名词，willing的名词形式为willingness，意为“意愿”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦在当地成功采集，珍贵的科研数据将向全球科学家共享。此处为状语从句的省略，逻辑主语data与collect是被动关系，省略主语与be动词，用过去分词collected。 9．考查副词。句意：但我们团队多年筹备，能够高效应对极端环境。此处用副词修饰动词短语deal with，effective对应的副词为effectively。 10．考查动词时态。句意：它甚至能帮助科学家弄清楚地球上生命是如何起源的。生命诞生是远古发生的客观事实，使用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式began。 【精炼07】（25-26高二下·江西上饶·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 NASA’s Artemis II mission, which sent four astronauts 1 (go) around the moon, concluded successfully on April 10, 2026. The crew splashed down (水中着陆) safely in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of San Diego, ending a historic 10-day space journey. This mission has set a new record for the 2 (far) human spaceflight ever. The astronauts traveled 3 total of 694,481 miles and reached a maximum distance of 252,756 miles from Earth, surpassing the 50-year-old record set by the Apollo 13 mission. During the lunar flyby, they 4 (fly) close to the far side of the moon and took more than 7,000 5 (value) pictures of the moon, a solar eclipse and Earth. Besides breaking the record, the crew completed strict tests on the Orion spacecraft, 6 (include) its life support, navigation and communication systems. All systems worked 7 (effective), providing plenty of data for future deep-space exploration. 8 is reported that this successful mission has laid a solid foundation for Artemis III, 9 aims to land astronauts on the lunar surface as early as 2027. It also brings humans closer to the goal of crewed missions to Mars in the future. This remarkable journey is seen 10 a big step forward for humanity’s exploration of deep space, and it will be remembered in human’s space exploration history forever. 【答案】 1．to go 2．farthest 3．a 4．flew 5．valuable 6．including 7．effectively 8．It 9．which 10．as 【导语】文章介绍了NASA阿尔忒弥斯二号任务的成功历程与重大意义。 【详解】1．考查非谓语动词。句意：NASA的阿尔忒弥斯二号任务将四名宇航员送上绕月飞行，于2026年4月10日圆满结束。send sb. to do sth.意为“送某人去做某事”，应用不定式to go作宾语补足语。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：这次任务创造了人类有史以来最远太空飞行的新纪录。根据定冠词the以及表示范围的ever可知，应用far的最高级farthest，表示“最远的”。 3．考查冠词。句意：宇航员总共飞行了694,481英里，距离地球的最大距离为252,756英里，超过了阿波罗13号任务创下的50年历史记录。a total of为固定短语，表示“总共，总计”。 4．考查时态。句意：在绕月飞行期间，他们飞至月球背面附近，拍摄了七千多张月球、日食与地球的珍贵照片。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。fly的过去式为flew。 5．考查形容词。句意：在绕月飞行期间，他们飞至月球背面附近，拍摄了七千多张月球、日食与地球的珍贵照片。空处修饰名词pictures，应用形容词valuable作定语，意为“珍贵的”。 6．考查介词。句意：除了打破纪录，机组人员还对猎户座飞船进行了严格测试，包括其生命支持、导航和通信系统。空处表示“包括”，用于列举例子，应用介词including。 7．考查副词。句意：所有系统都有效运行，为未来的深空探索提供了大量数据。空处修饰动词worked，应用副词effectively作状语，意为“有效地”。 8．考查代词。句意：据报道，此次任务的成功为阿尔忒弥斯三号奠定坚实基础，该任务旨在最早于2027年将宇航员送上月球表面。It is reported that...意为“据报道……”，为固定句型，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 9．考查定语从句。句意：据报道，此次任务的成功为阿尔忒弥斯三号奠定坚实基础，该任务旨在最早于2027年将宇航员送上月球表面。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Artemis III，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。 10．考查介词。句意：这次非凡的旅程被视为人类深空探索的一大步。be seen as意为“被视为……”，为固定搭配。 【精炼08】（25-26高二上·上海·期末）Chang’e-6 Takes Off from the Moon’s Far Side The ascender of China’s Chang’e-6 probe (探测器) lifted off from the lunar surface on Tuesday morning, carrying samples collected from the moon’s far side, 1 unprecedented achievement in human lunar exploration history. The Chang’e-6 probe, 2 (consist) of an orbiter, a lander, an ascender and a returner — like its predecessor Chang’e-5 — was launched on May 3. Its lander-ascender combination touched down at 3 was designated as the landing area in the South Pole in June 2. The spacecraft finished its intelligent and rapid sampling work, and the samples were put in a container inside the ascender of the probe as planned. “The mission 4 (withstand) the test of high temperature on the far side of the moon,” said the China National Space Administration (CNSA). It adopted two methods of moon sampling, including using a drill to collect subsurface samples and grabbing samples on the surface 5 a robotic arm. It automatically gathered diverse samples at different sites. After the sampling was completed, a Chinese flag carried by the lander 6 (unfold) for the first time on the far side of the moon. Unlike takeoff on Earth, the ascender could not rely on a launch tower system, and the lander acted as a temporary “launching pad” instead. Chang’e-6’s takeoff from the far side of the moon can’t copy the Chang’e-5 ascent from the near side of the moon, 7 it could not receive direct ground control and support. It ___8____ use its special sensors to achieve autonomous positioning and orientation, with the assistance of Queqiao-2 for communication. Compared with Chang’e-5, Chang’e-6, 9 has witnessed improvements in the autonomy and reliability of its navigation, tackles the challenges posed by the uncertainties of the moon’s far side during its takeoff and ascent. The control system of Chang’e-6 has also been enhanced to improve its autonomy, making it possible for lunar takeoff and ascent 10 (complete) with reduced reliance on relay satellite and ground support. 【答案】 1．an 2．consisting 3．what 4．withstood 5．with 6．was unfolded 7．because/as 8．must 9．which 10．to be completed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了嫦娥六号探测器从月球背面起飞的过程及其意义。 【详解】1．考查冠词。句意：中国嫦娥六号探测器的上升器于周二早晨从月表起飞，携带着从月球背面采集的样本，这是人类月球探测史上一个空前的成就。此处泛指“一个空前的成就”，且unprecedented以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥六号探测器由轨道器、着陆器、上升器和返回器组成，与它的前身嫦娥五号相似，于5月3日发射。本句谓语为was launched，此处为非谓语动词，consist of意为“由……组成”没有被动形式，所以此处用现在分词consisting，作后置定语，修饰The Chang’e-6 probe。故填consisting。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：其着陆器-上升器组合于6月2日降落在被指定为南极着陆区的地点。本空引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，所以使用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4．考查动词时态。句意：中国国家航天局表示：“这次任务经受了月球背面高温的考验。”根据后文said可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用withstand意为“经受住”的过去式withstood。故填withstood。 5．考查介词。句意：它采用了两种月球采样方法，包括使用钻探收集地下样本和用机械臂抓取表面样本。此处表示“用”，需用介词with。故填with。 6．考查动词语态。句意：采样完成后，着陆器携带的中国国旗首次在月球背面展开。根据After the sampling was completed可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，且主语a Chinese flag与unfold“使展开，打开”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was unfolded。 7．考查原因状语从句。句意：嫦娥六号从月球背面起飞不能复制嫦娥五号从月球近侧起飞的路线，因为它不能直接接收地面控制和支持。此处引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”用because/as引导。故填because/as。 8．考查情态动词。句意：它必须使用其特殊传感器实现自主定位和定向，并在鹊桥二号的协助下进行通信。此处表示“必须”，需用情态动词must，故填must。 9．考查定语从句。句意：与嫦娥五号相比，嫦娥六号在导航的自主性和可靠性方面有了改进，解决了起飞和上升过程中月球背面不确定性带来的挑战。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chang’ e-6，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥六号的控制系统也得到了增强，以提高其自主性，使得月球起飞和上升能够在减少对中继卫星和地面支持的依赖的情况下完成。空前的it是形式宾语，本空用不定式作真正的宾语，且lunar takeoff and ascent与complete之间是被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动形式to be completed。故填to be completed。 【精炼09】（25-26高三·全国·二轮复习）语法填空 On February 11, 2026, China successfully 1 (carry) out a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan Province. During the test, the Long March-10 completed a low-altitude 2 (demonstrate) flight. When reaching the conditions at maximum dynamic pressure, the Mengzhou return capsule received the command from the rocket and successfully separated as 3 (plan). It was China’s first successful at-sea recovery of both a rocket stage and a crewed spacecraft capsule. The test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype (原型) form. 4 called a “low-altitude test”, the first stage literally reached about 105 kilometers — well above the Karman line (卡门线), the recognized boundary of space. That’s 5 same altitude it will reach in real lunar missions. The test proved that the rocket's first stage could fly and land as designed. It also showed that the spacecraft’s escape system worked 6 (reliable) under difficult flight conditions. In addition, the test demonstrated smooth cooperation among the rocket, spacecraft, ground control, 7 sea recovery system. This important success lays a solid technical foundation 8 the development of future flight models and 9 (bring) China closer to its goal of 10 (send) astronauts to the moon before 2030. 【答案】 1．carried 2．demonstration 3．planned 4．Although/Though 5．the 6．reliably 7．and 8．for 9．brings 10．sending 【导语】本文主要讲述了2026年2月11日，中国在海南省文昌航天发射场成功进行了载人月球探测计划的关键飞行试验，介绍了试验过程中的相关情况、试验的意义以及为未来飞行模型发展奠定的基础和离送宇航员登月目标的更近一步。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：2026年2月11日，中国在海南省文昌航天发射场成功进行了载人月球探测计划的关键飞行试验。空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语“On February 11, 2026”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，“carry”的过去式是“carried”。故填carried。 2．考查名词。句意：在试验过程中，长征十号完成了低空演示飞行。此处修饰名词“flight”，应用名词“demonstration”，作定语，“demonstration flight”表示“演示飞行”。故填demonstration。 3．考查状语从句的省略。句意：当达到最大动压条件时，梦舟返回舱收到火箭指令，按计划成功分离。“as planned”是固定短语，表示“按计划”，其中“planned”是过去分词，相当于“as it was planned”。省略了 it was。故填planned。 4．考查状语从句。句意：尽管被称为“低空试验”，但第一级实际上达到了约105公里的高度——远高于被公认为太空边界的卡门线。根据语境可知，“called a 'low-altitude test'”和“the first stage literally reached about 105 kilometers”之间是让步关系，应用“although”或“though”引导让步状语从句，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Although/Though。 5．考查冠词。句意：这与实际月球任务中它将达到的高度相同。“the same...as...”是固定短语，表示“与……相同的……”，所以此处应用定冠词“the”。故填the。 6．考查副词。句意：它还表明，在困难的飞行条件下，航天器的逃逸系统工作可靠。此处修饰动词“worked”，应用副词“reliably”，表示“可靠地”，作状语。故填reliably。 7．考查连词。句意：此外，试验还证明了火箭、航天器、地面控制和海上回收系统之间的顺利合作。“the rocket, spacecraft, ground control”和“sea recovery system”之间是并列关系，应用连词“and”连接。故填and。 8．考查介词。句意：这一重要成功为未来飞行模型的发展奠定了坚实的技术基础。“lay a foundation for...”是固定短语，表示“为……奠定基础”，所以此处应用介词“for”。故填for。 9．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这一重要成功为未来飞行模型的发展奠定了坚实的技术基础，并使中国离在2030年前将宇航员送上月球的目标更近一步。“lays”和空处作并列谓语，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“This important success”是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一重要成功为未来飞行模型的发展奠定了坚实的技术基础，并使中国离在2030年前将宇航员送上月球的目标更近一步。“of”是介词，后接动名词形式作宾语，“send”的动名词形式是“sending”。故填sending。 【精炼10】（25-26高二上·重庆·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Making water on the moon using lunar soil is a topic that attracts many scientists. The water content of the lunar soil is 1 (extreme) low, ranging from 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent. This makes 2 (take) the water right there on the moon very difficult — but not impossible. In the lunar soil samples 3 (bring) back by the Chang’e 5 lunar probe (探测器) in 2020, Chinese scientists found large amounts of hydrogen (氢) as a result of billions of years of 4 (expose) to solar winds. When the hydrogen 5 (subject) to high temperatures, it reacts with the soil, generating elemental iron (单质铁) along with water. 6 the temperature goes above 1,000 C, the soil will break down, releasing the water as collectible vapor. Through this method, “1 ton of lunar regolith (表土) material can produce more than 50 kilograms of water,” Wang Junqiang, 7 professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, told China Daily. That’s enough for 50 people to drink for one day. The finding lays a foundation for China 8 (proceed) with its plan to build an international lunar research station. According 9 Xinhua, in 2035, a station with basic functions 10 (construct) near the moon’s south pole. 【答案】 1．extremely 2．taking 3．brought 4．exposure 5．is subjected 6．If/When 7．a 8．to proceed 9．to 10．will be constructed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家利用月壤探索在月球上获取水的方法。 【详解】1．考查副词。句意：月球土壤的含水量极低，在0.0001%到0.02%之间。修饰形容词low用副词extremely，意为“极其，非常”。故填extremely。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这使得在月球上提取水变得非常困难，但并非不可能。此处作动词的宾语，用动名词形式，构成“make+宾语+宾补”结构，difficult作宾补。故填taking。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在2020年嫦娥五号月球探测器带回的月球土壤样本中，中国科学家发现了大量的氢，这是数十亿年来暴露在太阳风下的结果。根据空后found可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词bring与逻辑主语lunar soil samples构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。故填brought。 4．考查名词。句意：在2020年嫦娥五号月球探测器带回的月球土壤样本中，中国科学家发现了大量的氢，这是数十亿年来暴露在太阳风下的结果。根据空前of可知，空处应用名词形式，作宾语，动词expose的名词为exposure，是不可数名词。故填exposure。 5．考查时态语态。句意：当氢受到高温时，它与土壤发生反应，产生铁元素和水。主语hydrogen与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文reacts可知为一般现在时的被动语态，hydroge是不可数名词，因此空格处是is subjected。故填is subjected。 6．考查状语从句。句意：如果/当温度超过1000摄氏度，土壤就会分解，释放出可收集的水蒸气。此处可理解为条件状语从句，表示“如果”用if；或时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用when，位于句首，首字母大写。故填If/When。 7．考查冠词。句意：中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所教授王俊强在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，通过这种方法，“1吨月球风化材料可以产生50多公斤的水。”此处professor为泛指，空格处用不定冠词，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一发现为中国继续推进建立国际月球研究站的计划奠定了基础。此处proceed作目的状语，用不定式。故填to proceed。 9．考查介词。句意：据新华社报道，到2035年，一个具有基本功能的空间站将在月球南极附近建成。短语according to表示“根据”。故填to。 10．考查时态语态。句意：据新华社报道，到2035年，一个具有基本功能的空间站将在月球南极附近建成。根据by 2035可知，应用一般将来时，且动词construct与逻辑主语a station构成被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be constructed。 【精炼11】（25-26高三上·江西吉安·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A spectacular total lunar eclipse (月食), known as the “Blood Moon”, captivated observers across Asia from the night of September 7 to the early morning of September 8. The peak 1 (visible) in China was between 01:30-02:53a.m., during 2 the moon appeared a rare crimson hue (深红色). This rare celestial event, lasting 5.5 hours, was caused by sunlight scattering through Earth’s atmosphere. 3 lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth and moon are in line with the sun, causing the moon 4 (enter) the Earth’s shadow. The shadow consists of the umbra (本影) and the penumbra (半影): a total eclipse happens when the moon is 5 (full) covered in the umbra, a partial eclipse when only part enters, and a penumbral eclipse when it passes only through the penumbra. 6 solar eclipses, lunar eclipses can be safely viewed with the eyes, binoculars, or cameras. Among the three types, the total eclipse is the most visually 7 (impress). During totality, sunlight streaming through Earth’s atmosphere 8 (bend) and scattered, filtering out the blue light 9 letting the redder wavelengths shine onto the moon. That’s why it earns the nickname “blood moon.” 10 (depend) on our planet’s atmospheric conditions, the shade can range from bright orange to a deep, rusty red. 【答案】 1．visibility 2．which 3．A 4．to enter 5．fully 6．Unlike 7．impressive 8．is bent 9．and 10．Depending 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了被称为“血月”的月全食现象，包括其观测时间、形成原理、类型差异以及“血月”名称的由来等内容。 1．考查名词。句意：在中国，可见度的峰值在凌晨1点30分到2点53分之间，在此期间月亮呈现出罕见的深红色。空白处在句子中作主语，使用名词，形容词visible的名词为visibility，为不可数名词。故填visibility。 2．考查定语从句。句意：同上。这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：between 01:30-02:53AM，本句使用了“介词+关系代词”作引导词，因先行词指时间，用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 3．考查冠词。句意：当地球和月亮与太阳成一条直线时，就会发生月食，导致月亮进入地球的阴影。此处表示泛指“一个月食”，且lunar以辅音音素开头。故填A。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中做宾补表示一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且“cause sb/sth to do sth”为固定短语，意为“导致某人/某物做某事”。故填to enter。 5．考查副词。句意：阴影由本影和半影组成：当月亮完全被本影覆盖时，就会发生全食；当只有一部分进入本影时，就会发生偏食；当月亮只穿过半影时，就会发生半影食。空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词。故填fully。 6．考查介词。句意：与日食不同，月食可以用眼睛、双筒望远镜或相机安全地观看。根据下文“lunar eclipses can be safely viewed with the eyes, binoculars, or cameras(月食可以用眼睛、双筒望远镜或相机安全地观看)”可推知，与日食不同，此处使用介词表示对比，unlike“与……不同”符合语境，因位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Unlike。 7．考查形容词。句意：在这三种类型中，全食给人的视觉印象最深刻。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作表语，使用形容词。故填impressive。 8．考查时态和语态。句意：在全食期间，穿过地球大气层的阳光被弯曲和散射，过滤掉蓝光，让波长更长的红光照射到月球上。空白处在句子中作谓语，且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is bent。 9．考查连词。句意：同上。“filtering out the blue light(过滤掉蓝光)”与“letting the redder wavelengths shine onto the moon(让波长更长的红光照射到月球上)”为并列关系，使用并列连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据我们星球的大气条件，阴影可以从亮橙色到深锈红色不等。空白处在句子中作状语，与逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，因位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Depending。 【精炼12】（25-26高三上·宁夏银川·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Based on samples collected from the lunar far side by China’s Chang’e-6 mission, Chinese scientists, for the first time, 1 (discover) the temperature differences between the lunar farside mantle (地幔) and the nearside one, which will enhance our understanding of the moon’s history. According to a joint statement 2 (release) on Monday by the China National Space Administration, researchers have discovered the lunar mantle on the far side of the moon is “colder” than 3 on its near side. 4 (specific), Chang’e-6 basalts (玄武岩) from the far side show the mantle potential temperature is roughly 100℃ lower 5 comparison with nearside basalts returned by the Apollo and Chang’e-5 missions. Scientists used various methods to analyze typical minerals in the lunar basalt samples retrieved by the Chang’e-6 probe, the results of 6 were published in the academic journal Nature Geoscience on Sept.30. The findings will further enrich our understanding of the dual nature of moon, provide scientific evidence for the temperature differences in the lunar mantle, 7 present key scientific data for research on lunar evolution. The dual nature of moon marked by the significant differences between the moon’s near and far sides 8 (consider) one of the most crucial scientific 9 (mystery)in lunar exploration. This also marks a new achievement from the cross-disciplinary collaboration between Chinese nuclear and space scientists, 10 (follow)their discovery of the sixth lunar mineral — Changesite-(Y) — in late 2022. 【答案】 1．have discovered 2．released 3．that 4．Specifically 5．in/by 6．which 7．and 8．is considered 9．mysteries 10．following 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章中国嫦娥六号月背样本研究首次发现月背地幔比正面冷约100℃，成果发表于《自然・地球科学》，助力揭示月球演化及双面性奥秘。 【详解】1．考查时态。句意：基于中国嫦娥六号任务从月球背面采集的样本，中国科学家首次发现了月球背面地幔与正面地幔之间的温差，这将有助于我们更深入地了解月球的历史。表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语为scientists，助动词用have。故填have discovered。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：据中国国家航天局周一发布的联合声明称，研究人员发现月球背面的地幔比其正面的地幔“更冷”。此处release与statement构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填released。 3．考查代词。句意：据中国国家航天局周一发布的联合声明称，研究人员发现月球背面的地幔比其正面的地幔“更冷”。指代前文出现的同类事物the lunar mantle应用代词that，故填that。 4．考查副词。句意：具体而言，嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的玄武岩样本显示，其地幔的潜在温度比阿波罗和嫦娥五号任务所带回的月球近侧玄武岩样本的温度低约100摄氏度。修饰后文句子用副词specifically，首字母大写。故填Specifically。 5．考查介词。句意：具体而言，嫦娥六号从月球背面采集的玄武岩样本显示，其地幔的潜在温度比阿波罗和嫦娥五号任务所带回的月球近侧玄武岩样本的温度低约100摄氏度。短语in/by comparison with表示“与……相比”。故填in/by。 6．考查定语从句。句意：科学家们采用多种方法对嫦娥六号探测器采集的月球玄武岩样本中的典型矿物质进行了分析，其研究成果于9月30日发表在学术期刊《自然·地球科学》上。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，作介词的宾语，故填which。 7．考查连词。句意：这些发现将进一步丰富我们对月球双重特性的理解，为月球地幔中的温度差异提供科学依据，并为月球演化的研究提供关键的科学数据。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 8．考查时态语态。句意：月球的双重特性——即其近侧和远侧之间存在的显著差异——被认为是月球探索中最为关键的科学谜团之一。主语The dual nature of moon与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is considered。 9．考查名词的数。句意：月球的双重特性——即其近侧和远侧之间存在的显著差异——被认为是月球探索中最为关键的科学谜团之一。此处为one of+最高级+复数名词。故填mysteries。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这也标志着中国核科学家和航天科学家跨学科合作取得的新成果，此前他们在2022年末发现了第六种月球矿物——“嫦娥石”（Y）。此处follow与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填following。 $