Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题（友谊）阅读理解进阶练12篇 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版）

**基本信息** 以“友谊”话题为核心，通过12篇全场景阅读、5大体裁覆盖及57题科学配比，构建“话题-体裁-题型”三维训练体系，融合深度解析与分层进阶，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |话题覆盖|12篇（性格差异、分别遗憾等）|逐题【导语+详解】定位原文、分析选项差异|以“友谊”为线索串联全场景，从日常到寓言、诗歌，实现主题认知深化| |体裁训练|5大体裁（记叙文、说明文等）|体裁特征分析（如诗歌鉴赏抓情感共鸣）|由易到难覆盖中考常考体裁，培养体裁适配阅读策略| |题型突破|57题（五大题型科学配比）|细节题定位法、推理题隐含信息分析法|题型与解题方法一一对应，对标中考命题规律| |难度进阶|3层次（基础/进阶/综合）|分层训练适配不同水平|从基础理解到高阶思维，构建能力提升梯度|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题（友谊）阅读理解进阶练12篇 同步教材　话题精准　体裁多样　详解精析 1. 资料亮点 12 篇精选阅读 友谊话题全场景覆盖：性格各异的好友、挚友分别的遗憾、小丑鱼交友寓言、跨越年龄的忘年交、古诗与英诗中的友谊……篇篇有新意，刷题不枯燥。 5 大体裁全覆盖 记叙文、说明文、议论文、寓言故事、诗歌鉴赏——中考阅读常考体裁一网打尽，见多识广，考场不慌。 57 道精编题目 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测、观点态度——五大阅读题型科学配比，对标中考阅读命题规律。 逐题深度解析 每题附【导语】+【详解】，点明文章主旨、定位原文依据、分析选项差异。错题不再只看答案，而是真正弄懂为什么。 2. 12 篇内容速览 篇序 语篇主题 体裁 核心话题 重点题型 1 四位性格各异的好朋友 说明文 Emily、Alex、Liam、Sophia 四人性格特点与日常 细节题、词义猜测 2 三个朋友，三个梦想 记叙文 Anna、Ben、Chloe 差异成就团队，接纳彼此不同 细节题、推理题 3 与挚友分别的遗憾 记叙文 Nick 搬家分别，珍惜当下，勇敢说出心里话 推理题、态度题 4 学校杂志交友调查 说明文 八年级学生眼中朋友最重要的品质，友谊用时间衡量 细节题、主旨题 5 小丑鱼找朋友 寓言故事 孤独的小丑鱼在交友失败中收获道理，找到合适朋友 推理题、主旨题 6 青少年交友与家长干涉 议论文 青少年看重朋友，愿向朋友倾诉，部分家长干涉交友 细节题、观点题 7 维系友谊的方法 说明文 结交挚友、维系良好友谊的各类实用方法 细节题、主旨题 8 跨越年龄的友谊 记叙文 作者从躲避楼下沈先生到成为忘年交，无需太多言语 推理题、态度题 9 我的好朋友 Anna 记叙文 Anna 的外貌、性格、特长爱好，两人深厚的友谊 细节题、推理题 10 两首友谊主题诗歌 诗歌鉴赏 李白《赠汪伦》与英文友谊诗，跨越语言的友情共鸣 推理题、主旨题 11 三种不同类型的朋友 说明文 点头之交、社交伙伴、挚友，珍视所有友谊 细节题、主旨题 12 长久友谊的关键因素 议论文 共同经历、情感投入、地理距离、时间精力的投入 细节题、观点题 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Emily, Alex, Liam, and Sophia are students at Lincoln High School. They are good friends with completely different characters. Almost every friend group has a parent. Emily is certainly the most responsible one among her friends. When they hang out with Emily, they don’t need to worry about anything. She always has plans and makes sure things go well. And if someone wants to find a person to talk to, Emily is always there to listen to them. If someone needs advice, Emily is the first person they go to. Alex, however, is a quiet but talented boy. He doesn’t talk much and he usually spends most of his free time reading in the school library, so he does well in exams. When his friends have some difficult problems in study, Alex is often ready to help them out. Students are all surprised at his intellect and great problem-solving skills. Liam is a born leader. He is cheerful and outgoing. He joins all kinds of clubs at school, including the music and the art clubs. At the same time, Liam likes to take part in outdoor activities. He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games. All the students would like to play with him. This makes Liam a popular star at school. Sophia is friendly and kind-hearted. She does different volunteer work after school. On Monday and Friday, Sophia goes to the children’s hospital. On Wednesday, she visits dogs and cats in an animal shelter (收容所), bringing them food. At the weekend, she helps clean up the neighborhood and look after the old people. 1．What do we know about Emily? A．She is good at sports. B．She takes care of others. C．She hardly gives useful advice. D．She likes hanging out with friends. 2．What does the underlined word “intellect” mean in Chinese? A．智力 B．外貌 C．梦想 D．进步 3．If Jack is interested in outdoor activities, he would turn to ______. A．Emily B．Alex C．Liam D．Sophia 4．How often does Sophia go to the children’s hospital? A．Once a week. B．Twice a month. C．Twice a week. D．Three times a month. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell the story of four good friends. B．To teach readers the importance of being kind. C．To share students’ nice life in Lincoln High School. D．To introduce four students with different characters. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了林肯高中的四位学生Emily、Alex、Liam和Sophia，他们虽是好朋友但性格完全不同，文章分别描述了每个人的性格特点及日常表现。 1．Emily部分指出：“Emily is certainly the most responsible one among her friends.”以及“If someone needs advice, Emily is the first person they go to.”，这直接说明Emily善于照顾他人。 2．Alex部分指出：“He doesn’t talk much…so he does well in exams.”以及“Students are all surprised at his intellect and great problem-solving skills.”，结合上下文对Alex学习能力和解决问题能力的描述，这直接说明“intellect”意为“智力”。 3．Liam部分指出：“At the same time, Liam likes to take part in outdoor activities. He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games.”，这直接说明如果Jack对户外活动感兴趣，他应该去找Liam。 4．Sophia部分指出：“On Monday and Friday, Sophia goes to the children's hospital.”，周一和周五一周两次，这直接说明Sophia每周去两次儿童医院。 5．文章首段点明“Emily, Alex, Liam, and Sophia are students at Lincoln High School. They are good friends with completely different characters.”，随后分别介绍了四位学生的不同性格特点，因此本文目的是介绍四个性格各异的学生。 Three Friends, Three Dreams Anna, Ben, and Chloe were best friends. They had very different dreams for the future. Anna wanted to become a doctor. She studied the hardest among the three and often stayed up late reading medical books. Ben wanted to be an artist. He spent most of his free time painting and drawing. He was the most creative person in their class. Chloe wanted to be a teacher. She was the most patient and always helped others understand difficult things. One day, their teacher asked them to work on a group project about friendship. Anna did most of the research because she was the most hardworking. Ben designed the poster because he had the best artistic skills. Chloe prepared the presentation because she was the best at speaking in front of people. Their project was the best in the whole grade. After the project, their teacher said, “You three are different in many ways, but that’s what makes you such a great team. Your differences are your strengths.” The three friends realized that even though they were not the same, their friendship was stronger than ever. They learned that the best friends are not those who are the most similar, but those who accept and support each other’s differences. 1．Anna studied the ________ among the three friends. A．harder B．hardest C．more hard D．most hardly 2．Ben was the ________ person in their class. A．most patient B．most creative C．most hardworking D．most helpful 3．Chloe prepared the presentation because she was the best at ________. A．drawing B．researching C．speaking D．writing 4．Their project was the ________ in the whole grade. A．better B．good C．best D．more good 5．What lesson did the three friends learn from this experience? A．Friends should be similar to each other. B．Differences can make a team stronger. C．Hard work is the only thing that matters. D．Group projects are always difficult. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了安娜、本、克洛伊三位好友拥有不同的梦想，合作完成小组项目后，领悟到彼此的差异是各自的优势，接纳并包容差异才能让友谊与团队更强大。 1．文章第1段“She studied the hardest among the three and often stayed up late reading medical books.”表明安娜是三人中学习最刻苦的，经常熬夜读医学书籍。 2．文章第1段“He was the most creative person in their class.”表明本是班上最有创造力的人。 3．文章第2段“Chloe prepared the presentation because she was the best at speaking in front of people.”表明克洛伊负责演示汇报，因为她最擅长当众发言。 4．文章第2段“Their project was the best in the whole grade.”表明他们的作品是全年级最好的。 5．文章第3段“You three are different in many ways, but that’s what makes you such a great team. Your differences are your strengths.”以及最后一句“They learned that the best friends are not those who are the most similar, but those who accept and support each other’s differences.”表明他们学到了差异能让团队更强大。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For three years Nick and I walked to school along the same river road. We argued about football, shared one small bag of chips every Friday, and copied each other’s jokes so often that in the end neither of us could remember who had made them up. Then, in the summer before Grade 8, his father found work in another city. On the last morning I had a speech ready in my head. I would tell him that he was the funniest person I had ever met, that his laugh made rainy days feel shorter, that our class would never sound the same. But when the car door closed, all I managed was two words: “See you.” He waved. The car turned the corner. I stood there feeling like a boy who had lost a pocket without noticing. We message each other now, though the messages grow shorter every month. My mother says this is normal, that friendship is a river: it may change its path, but the water is still the same water. I am not sure I believe her yet. What I do believe is this — I should have made that speech. Words cost nothing while a friend is standing in front of you, and everything once he is gone. So now, whenever I like someone, I try to say so before the car door closes. 1．What can we learn about Nick and the writer from Paragraph 1? A．They were in the same football team. B．They were so close that even their jokes became shared. C．They quarrelled and stopped talking to each other. D．They lived in the same building near the river. 2．Why did the writer say only “See you” in the end? A．Because he was angry with Nick. B．Because Nick had already got into the car. C．Because strong feelings made the words hard to say. D．Because he had forgotten what he wanted to say. 3．The underlined part “a boy who had lost a pocket without noticing” suggests that the writer felt ________. A．an empty loss that he could hardly explain B．worried about the money in his coat C．angry about the careless driver D．happy that the goodbye was finally over 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards his mother’s words? A．He completely agrees with her. B．He thinks she is laughing at him. C．He is not convinced, at least not yet. D．He believes she has never had a friend. 5．What lesson does the writer finally learn? A．Old friends should never move away. B．Messages are better than face-to-face talks. C．Feelings should be spoken out while there is still time. D．A river always keeps its old path. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者与挚友Nick分别时的遗憾，以及从中学到的教训：当朋友还在身边时，就应该说出心里话。 1．由第一段“We argued about football, shared one small bag of chips every Friday, and copied each other’s jokes so often that in the end neither of us could remember who had made them up.”可知，他们关系非常亲密，连笑话都互相分享，最后分不清是谁原创的。 2．由第二段“I had a speech ready in my head...But when the car door closed, all I managed was two words: ‘See you.’”可知，作者准备了长篇告别辞，但临别时强烈的感情让他难以开口，只挤出两个字。C项“强烈的感情让话语难以说出口”符合。 3．作者用“丢了口袋”比喻一种难以言说的失落感——就像失去了什么重要的东西，却说不清到底是什么。A项“一种难以解释的空虚的失落感”符合。 4．由第三段“My mother says...I am not sure I believe her yet.”可知，作者对母亲“友谊像河流”的说法并不确信，至少目前还没有。 5．由最后一段“Words cost nothing while a friend is standing in front of you, and everything once he is gone. So now, whenever I like someone, I try to say so before the car door closes.”可知，作者学到的教训是：当朋友还在身边时，要把心里话说出来，不要等到来不及。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Last month our school magazine asked 400 students in Grade 8 one simple question: “What matters most in a friend?” The answers were more surprising than we expected. Only 6% chose “good-looking”, and just 11% chose “top marks”. The largest group, 38%, chose “keeps my secrets”. Another 24% chose “tells me the truth, even when it hurts”, while 21% picked “makes me laugh”. The teachers who read the results noticed something interesting. Boys and girls did not differ much on honesty, but they differed on humour: 30% of the boys valued a sense of humour, against only 13% of the girls. Girls, on the other hand, cared more about being listened to. Perhaps the most useful finding was hidden in the written comments. Again and again students wrote sentences like “She was there when nobody else was” or “He waited for me after the exam”. Nobody wrote “He bought me an expensive present”. It seems that in the eyes of teenagers, friendship is not measured in money or in marks, but in time — the plain, unpaid minutes one person is willing to give another. That may be the reason why some of the busiest students in our school are also the loneliest. 1．Which quality did the smallest number of students choose? A．Keeping secrets. B．Being good-looking. C．Telling the truth. D．Being funny. 2．What difference between boys and girls does Paragraph 3 mention? A．Boys care more about marks than girls do. B．Girls value honesty far less than boys do. C．Boys value a sense of humour much more than girls do. D．Girls prefer friends who are good at sports. 3．What can be inferred from the written comments? A．Students remember actions rather than gifts. B．Most students want richer friends. C．Exams destroy friendship. D．Comments are less useful than numbers. 4．Why does the writer mention “the busiest students” at the end? A．To praise students who work hard. B．To show that friendship needs time that busy people fail to give. C．To prove that lonely students get better marks. D．To advise students to take fewer classes. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Survey on School Magazines B．Boys, Girls and Their Marks C．Friendship Is Measured in Time D．How to Keep a Secret Safely 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学校杂志针对八年级学生开展的朋友身上最重要的品质的调查，说明了青少年的友谊是用付出的时间来衡量的。 1．根据第二段数据可知，选择“good-looking”（外貌好看）的学生仅占 6%，相比其他选项（38%、24%、21%）比例最小。 2．根据第三段“they differed on humour: 30% of the boys valued a sense of humour, against only 13% of the girls”可知，男孩比女孩更看重幽默感。 3．根据第四段学生写的评论“She was there...”以及“Nobody wrote ‘He bought me an expensive present’”可知，学生更铭记朋友的陪伴行动而非物质礼物。 4．根据第四段结尾“friendship is not measured in money or in marks, but in time — the plain, unpaid minutes one person is willing to give another. That may be the reason why some of the busiest students in our school are also the loneliest.”可知，作者提及最忙的学生是为了说明友谊需要时间投入，忙碌的人往往因无法给予时间而孤独。 5．文章通过调查数据引出结论，强调在青少年眼中，友谊不是用金钱或成绩衡量，而是用愿意付出的时间来衡量，C项最能概括文章中心思想。 进阶拓展训练4篇 Once upon a time, there was a red clown fish (小丑鱼) in the sea. She didn’t have any friends, so she felt lonely. One day, she swam out to make friends. First, she saw a shoe on the ground. She swam up and talked to the shoe, “Hello, can you be my friend?” But there was no answer. So, she understood: If you want to make friends with someone, you should make sure you can talk to him or her. Then she continued looking for friends. She saw a group of jellyfish (水母). The jellyfish were talking to each other happily. The clown fish tried to make friends with them. “Hello, my dear jellyfish, can I be your friend?” However, when the clown fish touched the jellyfish, she felt hurt( 受 伤 ) . She suddenly understood: If you want to make friends with others, you should care about your feelings first. After that, she met a shark and made friends with him. “Let us swim there to eat that group of fish, ” the shark said. However, the clown fish didn’t want to eat other fish. She found out: Friends should share the same goal. The little poor clown fish swam in lots of places. One day, she swam to a patch of coral (珊瑚) and saw a blue clown fish behind the nice coral. At last they lived happily there. 1．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The little clown fish loved the shoe. B．The jellyfish didn’t like the little clown fish. C．The shark wanted to eat the little clown fish. D．The home of the blue clown fish was beautiful. 2．According to Paragraph 3, which kind of person might you have difficulty making friends with? A．A person you don’t want to understand. B．A person who doesn’t like you. C．A person who hurts you. D．A person who doesn’t talk to you. 3．高阶思维·标题归纳 The best title for this passage should be “________”. A．What we should know before making friends B．Little red clown fish and the shark C．Be careful of the jellyfish D．Little red clown fish finally made friends 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【导语】本文讲述一条孤独的红色小丑鱼外出寻找朋友的经历。在一次次交友失败的过程中，她收获了多条交友道理，最后找到了合适的朋友。 1．根据第五段第二句 “One day, she swam to a patch of coral and saw a blue clown fish behind the nice coral.”可知，蓝色小丑鱼生活在美丽的珊瑚后，选项D符合语境。 2．根据第三段内容可知，小丑鱼接触水母时“felt hurt”（感到受伤），并得出结论交友前应“care about your feelings first”（首先关心自己的感受）。由此推断，可能会难以与伤害你的人交朋友，选项C符合语境。 3．文章通过小丑鱼三次交友的经历（鞋子、水母、鲨鱼），分别总结了交友的三个道理（能交流、不受伤、目标一致），旨在告诉读者交友前应注意的事项。选项A最能概括文章主旨。 Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members donˈt know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it’s quite common for brothers and sisters to have a fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking with their friends on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their parents. However, parents often try to choose their childrenˈs friends for them. Some parents even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents donˈt like? Your answers are welcome. 1．Many teenagers think that their ________ can understand them better. A．friends B．brothers C．sisters D．parents 2．What is very important to teenagers? A．To make friends B．Communication C．To stop meeting friends D．Both A and B 3．When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually ________. A．stay at home alone B．fight with their parents C．discuss it with their friends D．go to their brothers and sisters for help 4．The underlined sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means “________”. A．You are welcome to discuss the questions with us. B．Weˈve got no idea, so your answers are welcome. C．Your answers are always right. D．You can give us all the right answers. 5．Which of the following is the writer’s attitude (态度)? A．Parents should choose friends for their children. B．Children should choose everything they like. C．Parents should understand their children better. D．Teenagers should go to their friends for help. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述青少年十分看重朋友，很多心事愿意和朋友倾诉，同时谈及部分家长干涉孩子交友的现象。 1．根据第一段中“Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members don't know them as well as their friends do.”可知，许多青少年觉得朋友是生命里最重要的人，家人不如朋友了解自己，因此朋友可以更好地理解他们。 2．根据第二段中“It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends”以及“This communication is very important in children's growing‑up”可知，交到好朋友、和朋友沟通这两件事对于青少年都很关键。 3．根据第二段中“because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their parents.”可知，碰到不方便和父母诉说的烦心事，青少年一般会和朋友商量探讨。 4．文章末尾接连抛出几个有关选择朋友的设问，用来启发读者思考；“Your answers are welcome.”是作者发出邀约，欢迎读者参与讨论、分享自己的想法，对应A选项“你可以和我们一起探讨这些问题”。 5．文中交代青少年遇事习惯向朋友倾诉、不愿意和父母多说心里话，暗含作者希望父母可以多去理解孩子。 Friendship is one of the most valuable things in life. But how do we make true friends and keep good friendships? First, be yourself. Don’t try to be someone else just to make friends. True friends like you for who you are. Second, be a good listener. When your friend is talking, listen carefully instead of interrupting. This shows you respect and care about him or her. Third, be honest. If you make a mistake, say sorry sincerely. Honesty builds trust, and trust is the foundation of any good friendship. Also, remember that friendship needs time and effort. Good friends don’t just happen overnight. You need to spend time together, share your joys and sorrows, and support each other through difficult times. When your friend is in trouble, stand up for him or her. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Finally, learn to forgive. No one is perfect. Your friends may sometimes hurt your feelings without meaning to. If you can forgive them, your friendship will become stronger. As the saying goes, “A true friend is someone who reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” 1．What should you do when your friend is talking, according to the passage? A．Interrupt him or her immediately. B．Listen carefully instead of interrupting. C．Give advice at once. D．Change the topic quickly. 2．What is the foundation of good friendship? A．Honesty and trust. B．Money and gifts. C．Appearance and clothes. D．Grades and scores. 3．What does the underlined phrase “stand up for” mean in Paragraph 3? A．站起来 B．支持；维护 C．反对 D．离开 4．Why does the writer mention “forgive” in the last paragraph? A．Because friends never make mistakes. B．Because forgiving makes friendship stronger. C．Because we should forget our friends. D．Because perfect friends don't exist at all. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To tell us how to make and keep true friends. B．To introduce some famous sayings about friends. C．To describe his or her best friend. D．To complain about bad friends. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了结交挚友、维系良好友谊的各类方法。 1．根据第二段中“When your friend is talking, listen carefully instead of interrupting.”可知，当你的朋友说话时，你应当仔细聆听，不要中途打断对方。 2．根据第二段中“Honesty builds trust, and trust is the foundation of any good friendship.”可知，诚信催生信任，二者是一段美好友谊的根基。 3．根据第三段中“When your friend is in trouble, stand up for him or her. A friend in need is a friend indeed.”可知，当朋友身陷困境的时候我们需要支持、维护自己的朋友，stand up for在此处意为“支持；维护”。 4．根据第四段中“If you can forgive them, your friendship will become stronger.”可知，作者提及学会宽容，是因为谅解可以让彼此之间的友谊变得更加牢固。 5．根据第一段中“But how do we make true friends and keep good friendships?”可知，全文围绕如何交到真心好友、维持友谊展开，作者的写作目的就是向读者讲解该方法。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Mr Shen lives on the ground floor of our building. He is eighty-one, walks with a stick, and used to be the person I tried hardest to avoid, because he always shouted at children who ran across his small garden. Two winters ago my bicycle chain broke outside his window. I was pulling at it with my bare hands when the old man came out with a cloth and a bottle of oil. He said nothing about my dirty shoes on his grass. He simply knelt down, fixed the chain in four minutes, and went back inside. After that I began to stop by. I learned that he had been an engineer, that his wife died in 2019, and that the garden he protected so fiercely was hers. What had looked like anger, I realised, was really fear — fear that the last thing she left behind might be trampled. Now I water the roses on Sundays and he lends me tools I cannot even name. My classmates find this strange. “What do you two talk about?” they ask. Honestly, not much. But friendship, I have discovered, does not always need a shared age, a shared class or even many shared words. Sometimes it only needs two people who are willing to stand in the same garden and care about the same flowers. 1．Why did the writer once try to avoid Mr Shen? A．Mr Shen walked too slowly. B．Mr Shen shouted at children in his garden. C．Mr Shen refused to lend him tools. D．Mr Shen lived on the ground floor. 2．What made the writer change his opinion of the old man? A．Mr Shen quietly helped him mend the bicycle. B．Mr Shen gave him a bottle of oil as a present. C．Mr Shen invited him to have dinner. D．Mr Shen apologised for shouting. 3．According to Paragraph 3, Mr Shen protected the garden so fiercely because ________. A．he wanted to sell the flowers B．it was the only place where he could rest C．it kept the memory of his dead wife D．the neighbours had asked him to look after it 4．The underlined word “trampled” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．被赞美 B．被踩坏 C．被拍照 D．被浇水 5．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Old people are usually badly understood. B．Gardens are the best places to make friends. C．Real friendship can cross age and needs few words. D．Children should learn how to repair bicycles. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者从躲避楼下沈先生到与他成为朋友的故事，展现了跨越年龄的友谊：不需要太多言语，只需要愿意共同关心同一件事。 1．由第一段“used to be the person I tried hardest to avoid, because he always shouted at children who ran across his small garden.”可知，作者躲他是因为他总对跑过花园的孩子大喊大叫。 2．由第二段“He simply knelt down, fixed the chain in four minutes, and went back inside.”可知，作者改变看法是因为沈先生默默地帮他修好了自行车链。 3．由第三段“the garden he protected so fiercely was hers...fear that the last thing she left behind might be trampled.”可知，花园是他已故妻子留下的，他保护花园是为了守护对妻子的记忆。 4．由“the last thing she left behind might be trampled”可知，他害怕妻子留下的最后一件东西被“踩坏”，对应“被踩坏”。 5．由最后一段“friendship...does not always need a shared age, a shared class or even many shared words. Sometimes it only needs two people who are willing to stand in the same garden and care about the same flowers.”可知，作者想表达真正的友谊可以跨越年龄，不需要太多言语。 能力综合实践4篇 A True Friend My best friend is Anna. She is a pretty girl with long brown hair and big blue eyes. She always has a warm smile on her face. Anna is very kind and caring. She always remembers my birthday and gives me lovely gifts. She is also very patient and never gets angry when I ask her to explain things again and again. Anna is good at many things. She is an excellent student and always helps me with my studies. She is also a great singer. She often sings beautiful songs to cheer me up when I feel sad. We share many common interests. We both love reading adventure stories and listening to pop music. After school, we often go to the library together to read our favourite books. One day, I was really worried about my maths exam. Anna noticed my worry and spent her whole weekend helping me practise. Thanks to her help, I passed the exam with a good grade. I am really lucky to have such a wonderful friend. I hope our friendship will last forever. 1．What does Anna look like? A．She has short black hair and small eyes. B．She has long brown hair and big blue eyes. C．She is tall and thin with short hair. D．She has curly hair and green eyes. 2．What is Anna like as a person? A．She is kind, caring and patient. B．She is shy and quiet. C．She is serious and strict. D．She is lazy and careless. 3．What does Anna do to cheer the writer up? A．She tells funny jokes. B．She sings beautiful songs. C．She gives her gifts. D．She takes her to the library. 4．What did Anna do to help the writer with the maths exam? A．She gave her a maths book. B．She spent the weekend helping her practice. C．She asked the teacher for help. D．She gave her some money to buy a calculator. 5．What does the writer think of Anna? A．She is a lucky girl. B．She is a wonderful friend. C．She is a great singer. D．She is a good student. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的好朋友Anna，描述了她的外貌特征、性格品质、特长爱好，并通过具体事例展现了两人之间深厚的友谊。 1．根据第一段中“She is a pretty girl with long brown hair and big blue eyes.”可知，Anna留着棕色的长发，有一双蓝色的大眼睛。 2．根据第一段中“Anna is very kind and caring ... She is also very patient”可知，Anna善良、体贴且有耐心。 3．根据第二段中“She is also a great singer. She often sings beautiful songs to cheer me up when I feel sad.”可知，Anna通过唱美妙的歌来让作者振作起来。 4．根据第三段中“Anna noticed my worry and spent her whole weekend helping me practise.”可知，Anna花费了整个周末帮助作者练习数学。 5．根据第三段中“I am really lucky to have such a wonderful friend.”可知，作者认为Anna是一位很棒的朋友。 “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friends. To Wang Lun (By Li Bai)I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go, When suddenly on shore footsteps and songs overflow (溢出). The Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) is a thousand fathoms deep. But not so deep as Wang Lun’s love for me. A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost)When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地), And shout from where I am, “What is it?” No, not as there is a time to talk. I thrust (猛推) my hoe in the mellow ground, Blade-end (锋刃端) up and five feet tall, And plod (蹒跚): I go up to the stone wall For a friendly visit. Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison (比较). His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, however, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere. 1．What was Li Bai doing when his friend Wang Lun came over to see him off? A．He was leaving by ship. B．He was singing a song. C．He was waiting for his friend. D．He was enjoying the peach blossoms. 2．Why did “I” thrust my hoe in the ground in Frost’s poem? A．To feed the horse. B．To meet my friend. C．To hoe the hills. D．To take a walk. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The writers of the poems. B．The analysis of two poems. C．The popularity of the poems. D．The background of the poems. 4．Which saying has the same meaning as these two poems? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．A friend to all is a friend to none. C．Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. D．There’s just one sure delight (乐事), friendship, like sunrise, warm and bright. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了两首关于友谊的诗歌。 1．细节理解题。根据“I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go”可知，说明李白正要乘船离开。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I thrust my hoe… And plod: I go up to the stone wall for a friendly visit”可知，我把锄头插入土地，蹒跚走向石墙进行友好拜访。说明“我”放下农具是为了与朋友交谈。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。最后一段对比两首诗：李白用比喻表达情谊，弗罗斯特强调应暂停事务陪伴朋友。整段聚焦对两首诗内容和主题的分析。故选B。 4．推理判断题。两首诗共同表达友情珍贵美好：在李白的诗中，王伦的深情比千尺桃花潭更深。弗罗斯特的诗中描述了诗人放下农活陪伴朋友，强调友情优先。选项D“只有一件事是确定的快乐，那就是友谊，就像日出一样，温暖而明亮”契合两诗对友情的赞美。故选D。 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (点头之交), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends; you know a little of what they like or dislike, a little about their family, such as your names, you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By using pictures. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance and does something bad, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 3．What can we learn about “guest friends” from the passage? A．They are as close as family members to you. B．They know nothing about your likes or dislikes. C．You don’t talk about deep topics like wishes or fears with them. D．They will never do anything that may hurt you. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends. B．warn (告诫；警告) us not to know more about pest friends. C．tell us to value all friendships. D．encourage us to make more friends. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同类型的朋友：点头之交、社交伙伴和挚友，并强调了珍视所有友谊的重要性。 1．篇章结构题。根据“Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? ”可知，文章开头通过两个问题引入话题，因此是以提问的方式开篇。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The first kind of friend is an acquaintance ( 点头之交)”和“When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them.”可知，“pest friends”是点头之交，当他们做错事时，你不会想念他们，这正是acquaintance的特点。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“… but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧)”可知，与“guest friends”不会谈论深层话题，如愿望或恐惧。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。①开头引入话题（提问）；②③④分别介绍三种朋友（pest friends, guest friends, best friends）；⑤结尾总结，强调珍惜所有友谊。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”可知，作者的写作目的是提醒我们珍惜所有友谊。故选C。 Over the course of our lives, we will meet many people and form many friendships. Some of these friendships will last a lifetime, while others will fade with time. The friendships that endure are often those that have been nurtured with care and intentionality. One of the key factors in lasting friendships is shared history. Friends who have gone through significant life events together — graduating from school, starting careers, getting married, having children — often develop a bond that transcends the ups and downs of daily life. This shared history creates a sense of mutual understanding that is difficult to replicate with new friends. Another important factor is emotional investment. Friends who are willing to be vulnerable with each other, to share their fears, hopes and dreams, develop a deeper level of intimacy. This emotional depth is what distinguishes close friends from casual acquaintances. It requires trust and a willingness to be open, even when it feels uncomfortable. Geographic proximity also plays a role. Friends who live close to each other are more likely to spend time together and maintain their connection. However, with modern technology, distance is no longer an insurmountable barrier. Regular video calls and messages can help maintain friendships across time zones. Perhaps the most important element is the willingness to invest time and effort. Friendships, like gardens, need regular attention. They require effort, compromise and sometimes forgiveness. The friendships that survive are the ones that both parties are committed to preserving. In the end, the best friendships are those that bring out the best in us and make us feel that we are not alone. 1．According to the passage, what is one factor in lasting friendships? A．Always agreeing with each other. B．Shared history and experiences. C．Having the same personality. D．Living in the same city. 2．What does “emotional investment” in a friendship involve? A．Avoiding difficult conversations. B．Being willing to be vulnerable and share feelings. C．Spending money on gifts. D．Only being there for happy times. 3．Why is geographic proximity mentioned in the passage? A．To show that it is the most important factor. B．To contrast with technology that can bridge distances. C．To argue that distance friendships never work. D．To suggest that people should move closer to friends. 4．What does the passage compare friendships to? A．A house. B．A garden. C．A journey. D．A building. 5．What is the main message of this passage? A．Friendships are hard to maintain. B．Friendships can last a lifetime with care and effort. C．Friendships are not important. D．Only childhood friendships last. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要探讨了维持长久友谊的几个关键因素，包括共同经历、情感投入、地理距离以及时间和精力的投入。 1．根据第二段中“One of the key factors in lasting friendships is shared history.”可知，共同的历史和经历是维持友谊的因素之一。 2．根据第三段中“Friends who are willing to be vulnerable with each other, to share their fears, hopes and dreams”可知，情感投入涉及愿意示弱并分享感受。 3．根据第四段内容，先提到地理邻近的作用，随后用“However, with modern technology, distance is no longer an insurmountable barrier.”进行转折。提及地理邻近是为了与科技能跨越距离形成对比。 4．根据第五段中“Friendships, like gardens, need regular attention.”可知，文章明确将友谊比作花园。 5．文章首段提到持久的友谊需要照顾和刻意经营，尾段强调友谊需要时间和努力。整篇文章主旨是友谊通过关心和努力可以维持长久。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Friendship 单元话题（友谊）阅读理解进阶练12篇 同步教材　话题精准　体裁多样　详解精析 1. 资料亮点 12 篇精选阅读 友谊话题全场景覆盖：性格各异的好友、挚友分别的遗憾、小丑鱼交友寓言、跨越年龄的忘年交、古诗与英诗中的友谊……篇篇有新意，刷题不枯燥。 5 大体裁全覆盖 记叙文、说明文、议论文、寓言故事、诗歌鉴赏——中考阅读常考体裁一网打尽，见多识广，考场不慌。 57 道精编题目 细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意、词义猜测、观点态度——五大阅读题型科学配比，对标中考阅读命题规律。 逐题深度解析 每题附【导语】+【详解】，点明文章主旨、定位原文依据、分析选项差异。错题不再只看答案，而是真正弄懂为什么。 2. 12 篇内容速览 篇序 语篇主题 体裁 核心话题 重点题型 1 四位性格各异的好朋友 说明文 Emily、Alex、Liam、Sophia 四人性格特点与日常 细节题、词义猜测 2 三个朋友，三个梦想 记叙文 Anna、Ben、Chloe 差异成就团队，接纳彼此不同 细节题、推理题 3 与挚友分别的遗憾 记叙文 Nick 搬家分别，珍惜当下，勇敢说出心里话 推理题、态度题 4 学校杂志交友调查 说明文 八年级学生眼中朋友最重要的品质，友谊用时间衡量 细节题、主旨题 5 小丑鱼找朋友 寓言故事 孤独的小丑鱼在交友失败中收获道理，找到合适朋友 推理题、主旨题 6 青少年交友与家长干涉 议论文 青少年看重朋友，愿向朋友倾诉，部分家长干涉交友 细节题、观点题 7 维系友谊的方法 说明文 结交挚友、维系良好友谊的各类实用方法 细节题、主旨题 8 跨越年龄的友谊 记叙文 作者从躲避楼下沈先生到成为忘年交，无需太多言语 推理题、态度题 9 我的好朋友 Anna 记叙文 Anna 的外貌、性格、特长爱好，两人深厚的友谊 细节题、推理题 10 两首友谊主题诗歌 诗歌鉴赏 李白《赠汪伦》与英文友谊诗，跨越语言的友情共鸣 推理题、主旨题 11 三种不同类型的朋友 说明文 点头之交、社交伙伴、挚友，珍视所有友谊 细节题、主旨题 12 长久友谊的关键因素 议论文 共同经历、情感投入、地理距离、时间精力的投入 细节题、观点题 说明：此专题分三个难度层次，基础入门训练<进阶拓展训练< 能力综合实践，选题均为25-26学年最新名校或地区统考卷真题或外刊原题改编，质量较高。老师根据学生实际情况进行针对性难度训练。 基础入门训练4篇 Emily, Alex, Liam, and Sophia are students at Lincoln High School. They are good friends with completely different characters. Almost every friend group has a parent. Emily is certainly the most responsible one among her friends. When they hang out with Emily, they don’t need to worry about anything. She always has plans and makes sure things go well. And if someone wants to find a person to talk to, Emily is always there to listen to them. If someone needs advice, Emily is the first person they go to. Alex, however, is a quiet but talented boy. He doesn’t talk much and he usually spends most of his free time reading in the school library, so he does well in exams. When his friends have some difficult problems in study, Alex is often ready to help them out. Students are all surprised at his intellect and great problem-solving skills. Liam is a born leader. He is cheerful and outgoing. He joins all kinds of clubs at school, including the music and the art clubs. At the same time, Liam likes to take part in outdoor activities. He often organizes school trips, cycling races and other interesting games. All the students would like to play with him. This makes Liam a popular star at school. Sophia is friendly and kind-hearted. She does different volunteer work after school. On Monday and Friday, Sophia goes to the children’s hospital. On Wednesday, she visits dogs and cats in an animal shelter (收容所), bringing them food. At the weekend, she helps clean up the neighborhood and look after the old people. 1．What do we know about Emily? A．She is good at sports. B．She takes care of others. C．She hardly gives useful advice. D．She likes hanging out with friends. 2．What does the underlined word “intellect” mean in Chinese? A．智力 B．外貌 C．梦想 D．进步 3．If Jack is interested in outdoor activities, he would turn to ______. A．Emily B．Alex C．Liam D．Sophia 4．How often does Sophia go to the children’s hospital? A．Once a week. B．Twice a month. C．Twice a week. D．Three times a month. 5．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell the story of four good friends. B．To teach readers the importance of being kind. C．To share students’ nice life in Lincoln High School. D．To introduce four students with different characters. Three Friends, Three Dreams Anna, Ben, and Chloe were best friends. They had very different dreams for the future. Anna wanted to become a doctor. She studied the hardest among the three and often stayed up late reading medical books. Ben wanted to be an artist. He spent most of his free time painting and drawing. He was the most creative person in their class. Chloe wanted to be a teacher. She was the most patient and always helped others understand difficult things. One day, their teacher asked them to work on a group project about friendship. Anna did most of the research because she was the most hardworking. Ben designed the poster because he had the best artistic skills. Chloe prepared the presentation because she was the best at speaking in front of people. Their project was the best in the whole grade. After the project, their teacher said, “You three are different in many ways, but that’s what makes you such a great team. Your differences are your strengths.” The three friends realized that even though they were not the same, their friendship was stronger than ever. They learned that the best friends are not those who are the most similar, but those who accept and support each other’s differences. 1．Anna studied the ________ among the three friends. A．harder B．hardest C．more hard D．most hardly 2．Ben was the ________ person in their class. A．most patient B．most creative C．most hardworking D．most helpful 3．Chloe prepared the presentation because she was the best at ________. A．drawing B．researching C．speaking D．writing 4．Their project was the ________ in the whole grade. A．better B．good C．best D．more good 5．What lesson did the three friends learn from this experience? A．Friends should be similar to each other. B．Differences can make a team stronger. C．Hard work is the only thing that matters. D．Group projects are always difficult. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 For three years Nick and I walked to school along the same river road. We argued about football, shared one small bag of chips every Friday, and copied each other’s jokes so often that in the end neither of us could remember who had made them up. Then, in the summer before Grade 8, his father found work in another city. On the last morning I had a speech ready in my head. I would tell him that he was the funniest person I had ever met, that his laugh made rainy days feel shorter, that our class would never sound the same. But when the car door closed, all I managed was two words: “See you.” He waved. The car turned the corner. I stood there feeling like a boy who had lost a pocket without noticing. We message each other now, though the messages grow shorter every month. My mother says this is normal, that friendship is a river: it may change its path, but the water is still the same water. I am not sure I believe her yet. What I do believe is this — I should have made that speech. Words cost nothing while a friend is standing in front of you, and everything once he is gone. So now, whenever I like someone, I try to say so before the car door closes. 1．What can we learn about Nick and the writer from Paragraph 1? A．They were in the same football team. B．They were so close that even their jokes became shared. C．They quarrelled and stopped talking to each other. D．They lived in the same building near the river. 2．Why did the writer say only “See you” in the end? A．Because he was angry with Nick. B．Because Nick had already got into the car. C．Because strong feelings made the words hard to say. D．Because he had forgotten what he wanted to say. 3．The underlined part “a boy who had lost a pocket without noticing” suggests that the writer felt ________. A．an empty loss that he could hardly explain B．worried about the money in his coat C．angry about the careless driver D．happy that the goodbye was finally over 4．What is the writer’s attitude towards his mother’s words? A．He completely agrees with her. B．He thinks she is laughing at him. C．He is not convinced, at least not yet. D．He believes she has never had a friend. 5．What lesson does the writer finally learn? A．Old friends should never move away. B．Messages are better than face-to-face talks. C．Feelings should be spoken out while there is still time. D．A river always keeps its old path. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Last month our school magazine asked 400 students in Grade 8 one simple question: “What matters most in a friend?” The answers were more surprising than we expected. Only 6% chose “good-looking”, and just 11% chose “top marks”. The largest group, 38%, chose “keeps my secrets”. Another 24% chose “tells me the truth, even when it hurts”, while 21% picked “makes me laugh”. The teachers who read the results noticed something interesting. Boys and girls did not differ much on honesty, but they differed on humour: 30% of the boys valued a sense of humour, against only 13% of the girls. Girls, on the other hand, cared more about being listened to. Perhaps the most useful finding was hidden in the written comments. Again and again students wrote sentences like “She was there when nobody else was” or “He waited for me after the exam”. Nobody wrote “He bought me an expensive present”. It seems that in the eyes of teenagers, friendship is not measured in money or in marks, but in time — the plain, unpaid minutes one person is willing to give another. That may be the reason why some of the busiest students in our school are also the loneliest. 1．Which quality did the smallest number of students choose? A．Keeping secrets. B．Being good-looking. C．Telling the truth. D．Being funny. 2．What difference between boys and girls does Paragraph 3 mention? A．Boys care more about marks than girls do. B．Girls value honesty far less than boys do. C．Boys value a sense of humour much more than girls do. D．Girls prefer friends who are good at sports. 3．What can be inferred from the written comments? A．Students remember actions rather than gifts. B．Most students want richer friends. C．Exams destroy friendship. D．Comments are less useful than numbers. 4．Why does the writer mention “the busiest students” at the end? A．To praise students who work hard. B．To show that friendship needs time that busy people fail to give. C．To prove that lonely students get better marks. D．To advise students to take fewer classes. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Survey on School Magazines B．Boys, Girls and Their Marks C．Friendship Is Measured in Time D．How to Keep a Secret Safely 进阶拓展训练4篇 Once upon a time, there was a red clown fish (小丑鱼) in the sea. She didn’t have any friends, so she felt lonely. One day, she swam out to make friends. First, she saw a shoe on the ground. She swam up and talked to the shoe, “Hello, can you be my friend?” But there was no answer. So, she understood: If you want to make friends with someone, you should make sure you can talk to him or her. Then she continued looking for friends. She saw a group of jellyfish (水母). The jellyfish were talking to each other happily. The clown fish tried to make friends with them. “Hello, my dear jellyfish, can I be your friend?” However, when the clown fish touched the jellyfish, she felt hurt( 受 伤 ) . She suddenly understood: If you want to make friends with others, you should care about your feelings first. After that, she met a shark and made friends with him. “Let us swim there to eat that group of fish, ” the shark said. However, the clown fish didn’t want to eat other fish. She found out: Friends should share the same goal. The little poor clown fish swam in lots of places. One day, she swam to a patch of coral (珊瑚) and saw a blue clown fish behind the nice coral. At last they lived happily there. 1．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The little clown fish loved the shoe. B．The jellyfish didn’t like the little clown fish. C．The shark wanted to eat the little clown fish. D．The home of the blue clown fish was beautiful. 2．According to Paragraph 3, which kind of person might you have difficulty making friends with? A．A person you don’t want to understand. B．A person who doesn’t like you. C．A person who hurts you. D．A person who doesn’t talk to you. 3．高阶思维·标题归纳 The best title for this passage should be “________”. A．What we should know before making friends B．Little red clown fish and the shark C．Be careful of the jellyfish D．Little red clown fish finally made friends Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members donˈt know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it’s quite common for brothers and sisters to have a fight with each other and then they can only go to their friends for some ideas. It is very important for teenagers to have one good friend or a group of friends. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking with their friends on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up, because friends can discuss something. These things are difficult to say to their parents. However, parents often try to choose their childrenˈs friends for them. Some parents even stop their children from meeting their good friends. Have you ever thought of the following questions? Who chooses your friends? Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you? Have you got a good friend your parents donˈt like? Your answers are welcome. 1．Many teenagers think that their ________ can understand them better. A．friends B．brothers C．sisters D．parents 2．What is very important to teenagers? A．To make friends B．Communication C．To stop meeting friends D．Both A and B 3．When teenagers have something difficult to say to their parents, they usually ________. A．stay at home alone B．fight with their parents C．discuss it with their friends D．go to their brothers and sisters for help 4．The underlined sentence “Your answers are welcome.” means “________”. A．You are welcome to discuss the questions with us. B．Weˈve got no idea, so your answers are welcome. C．Your answers are always right. D．You can give us all the right answers. 5．Which of the following is the writer’s attitude (态度)? A．Parents should choose friends for their children. B．Children should choose everything they like. C．Parents should understand their children better. D．Teenagers should go to their friends for help. Friendship is one of the most valuable things in life. But how do we make true friends and keep good friendships? First, be yourself. Don’t try to be someone else just to make friends. True friends like you for who you are. Second, be a good listener. When your friend is talking, listen carefully instead of interrupting. This shows you respect and care about him or her. Third, be honest. If you make a mistake, say sorry sincerely. Honesty builds trust, and trust is the foundation of any good friendship. Also, remember that friendship needs time and effort. Good friends don’t just happen overnight. You need to spend time together, share your joys and sorrows, and support each other through difficult times. When your friend is in trouble, stand up for him or her. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Finally, learn to forgive. No one is perfect. Your friends may sometimes hurt your feelings without meaning to. If you can forgive them, your friendship will become stronger. As the saying goes, “A true friend is someone who reaches for your hand and touches your heart.” 1．What should you do when your friend is talking, according to the passage? A．Interrupt him or her immediately. B．Listen carefully instead of interrupting. C．Give advice at once. D．Change the topic quickly. 2．What is the foundation of good friendship? A．Honesty and trust. B．Money and gifts. C．Appearance and clothes. D．Grades and scores. 3．What does the underlined phrase “stand up for” mean in Paragraph 3? A．站起来 B．支持；维护 C．反对 D．离开 4．Why does the writer mention “forgive” in the last paragraph? A．Because friends never make mistakes. B．Because forgiving makes friendship stronger. C．Because we should forget our friends. D．Because perfect friends don't exist at all. 5．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To tell us how to make and keep true friends. B．To introduce some famous sayings about friends. C．To describe his or her best friend. D．To complain about bad friends. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Mr Shen lives on the ground floor of our building. He is eighty-one, walks with a stick, and used to be the person I tried hardest to avoid, because he always shouted at children who ran across his small garden. Two winters ago my bicycle chain broke outside his window. I was pulling at it with my bare hands when the old man came out with a cloth and a bottle of oil. He said nothing about my dirty shoes on his grass. He simply knelt down, fixed the chain in four minutes, and went back inside. After that I began to stop by. I learned that he had been an engineer, that his wife died in 2019, and that the garden he protected so fiercely was hers. What had looked like anger, I realised, was really fear — fear that the last thing she left behind might be trampled. Now I water the roses on Sundays and he lends me tools I cannot even name. My classmates find this strange. “What do you two talk about?” they ask. Honestly, not much. But friendship, I have discovered, does not always need a shared age, a shared class or even many shared words. Sometimes it only needs two people who are willing to stand in the same garden and care about the same flowers. 1．Why did the writer once try to avoid Mr Shen? A．Mr Shen walked too slowly. B．Mr Shen shouted at children in his garden. C．Mr Shen refused to lend him tools. D．Mr Shen lived on the ground floor. 2．What made the writer change his opinion of the old man? A．Mr Shen quietly helped him mend the bicycle. B．Mr Shen gave him a bottle of oil as a present. C．Mr Shen invited him to have dinner. D．Mr Shen apologised for shouting. 3．According to Paragraph 3, Mr Shen protected the garden so fiercely because ________. A．he wanted to sell the flowers B．it was the only place where he could rest C．it kept the memory of his dead wife D．the neighbours had asked him to look after it 4．The underlined word “trampled” in Paragraph 3 most probably means ________. A．被赞美 B．被踩坏 C．被拍照 D．被浇水 5．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Old people are usually badly understood. B．Gardens are the best places to make friends. C．Real friendship can cross age and needs few words. D．Children should learn how to repair bicycles. 能力综合实践4篇 A True Friend My best friend is Anna. She is a pretty girl with long brown hair and big blue eyes. She always has a warm smile on her face. Anna is very kind and caring. She always remembers my birthday and gives me lovely gifts. She is also very patient and never gets angry when I ask her to explain things again and again. Anna is good at many things. She is an excellent student and always helps me with my studies. She is also a great singer. She often sings beautiful songs to cheer me up when I feel sad. We share many common interests. We both love reading adventure stories and listening to pop music. After school, we often go to the library together to read our favourite books. One day, I was really worried about my maths exam. Anna noticed my worry and spent her whole weekend helping me practise. Thanks to her help, I passed the exam with a good grade. I am really lucky to have such a wonderful friend. I hope our friendship will last forever. 1．What does Anna look like? A．She has short black hair and small eyes. B．She has long brown hair and big blue eyes. C．She is tall and thin with short hair. D．She has curly hair and green eyes. 2．What is Anna like as a person? A．She is kind, caring and patient. B．She is shy and quiet. C．She is serious and strict. D．She is lazy and careless. 3．What does Anna do to cheer the writer up? A．She tells funny jokes. B．She sings beautiful songs. C．She gives her gifts. D．She takes her to the library. 4．What did Anna do to help the writer with the maths exam? A．She gave her a maths book. B．She spent the weekend helping her practice. C．She asked the teacher for help. D．She gave her some money to buy a calculator. 5．What does the writer think of Anna? A．She is a lucky girl. B．She is a wonderful friend. C．She is a great singer. D．She is a good student. “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friends. To Wang Lun (By Li Bai)I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go, When suddenly on shore footsteps and songs overflow (溢出). The Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) is a thousand fathoms deep. But not so deep as Wang Lun’s love for me. A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost)When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地), And shout from where I am, “What is it?” No, not as there is a time to talk. I thrust (猛推) my hoe in the mellow ground, Blade-end (锋刃端) up and five feet tall, And plod (蹒跚): I go up to the stone wall For a friendly visit. Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison (比较). His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, however, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere. 1．What was Li Bai doing when his friend Wang Lun came over to see him off? A．He was leaving by ship. B．He was singing a song. C．He was waiting for his friend. D．He was enjoying the peach blossoms. 2．Why did “I” thrust my hoe in the ground in Frost’s poem? A．To feed the horse. B．To meet my friend. C．To hoe the hills. D．To take a walk. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The writers of the poems. B．The analysis of two poems. C．The popularity of the poems. D．The background of the poems. 4．Which saying has the same meaning as these two poems? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．A friend to all is a friend to none. C．Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. D．There’s just one sure delight (乐事), friendship, like sunrise, warm and bright. Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? There are three different kinds of friends: “pest friends”, “guest friends”, and “best friends”. The first kind of friend is an acquaintance (点头之交), and all you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friend at school, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they’re not around. When this kind of friend does something bad, you don’t miss them. That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friend could also be called “social partners”. They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends; you know a little of what they like or dislike, a little about their family, such as your names, you usually have a few things in common, but you don’t talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears (恐惧), and they don’t open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friend, the “best friend”, is the one you know the deepest. You’re like family, and know everything about each other. You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you’re wrong. They will care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意地) to hurt you. We all have our pest, guest and best friends. We should value all friendships and remember all best friends start out as just acquaintances. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By asking questions. D．By using pictures. 2．If Jeff is your acquaintance and does something bad, what kind of friends are you? A．Pest friends. B．Guest friends. C．Best friends. D．True friends. 3．What can we learn about “guest friends” from the passage? A．They are as close as family members to you. B．They know nothing about your likes or dislikes. C．You don’t talk about deep topics like wishes or fears with them. D．They will never do anything that may hurt you. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②/③④/⑤ D．①/②/③/④⑤ 5．The writer wrote the text mainly to ________. A．teach us how to find best friends. B．warn (告诫；警告) us not to know more about pest friends. C．tell us to value all friendships. D．encourage us to make more friends. Over the course of our lives, we will meet many people and form many friendships. Some of these friendships will last a lifetime, while others will fade with time. The friendships that endure are often those that have been nurtured with care and intentionality. One of the key factors in lasting friendships is shared history. Friends who have gone through significant life events together — graduating from school, starting careers, getting married, having children — often develop a bond that transcends the ups and downs of daily life. This shared history creates a sense of mutual understanding that is difficult to replicate with new friends. Another important factor is emotional investment. Friends who are willing to be vulnerable with each other, to share their fears, hopes and dreams, develop a deeper level of intimacy. This emotional depth is what distinguishes close friends from casual acquaintances. It requires trust and a willingness to be open, even when it feels uncomfortable. Geographic proximity also plays a role. Friends who live close to each other are more likely to spend time together and maintain their connection. However, with modern technology, distance is no longer an insurmountable barrier. Regular video calls and messages can help maintain friendships across time zones. Perhaps the most important element is the willingness to invest time and effort. Friendships, like gardens, need regular attention. They require effort, compromise and sometimes forgiveness. The friendships that survive are the ones that both parties are committed to preserving. In the end, the best friendships are those that bring out the best in us and make us feel that we are not alone. 1．According to the passage, what is one factor in lasting friendships? A．Always agreeing with each other. B．Shared history and experiences. C．Having the same personality. D．Living in the same city. 2．What does “emotional investment” in a friendship involve? A．Avoiding difficult conversations. B．Being willing to be vulnerable and share feelings. C．Spending money on gifts. D．Only being there for happy times. 3．Why is geographic proximity mentioned in the passage? A．To show that it is the most important factor. B．To contrast with technology that can bridge distances. C．To argue that distance friendships never work. D．To suggest that people should move closer to friends. 4．What does the passage compare friendships to? A．A house. B．A garden. C．A journey. D．A building. 5．What is the main message of this passage? A．Friendships are hard to maintain. B．Friendships can last a lifetime with care and effort. C．Friendships are not important. D．Only childhood friendships last. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $