14 第一部分 必修第三册 Unit 2 Making a difference-【名师导航】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教师用书（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义覆盖词汇、语法、写作、阅读等核心考点，按“词汇-语法-语用-题型”逻辑架构整合知识点，通过考点梳理（如relief、hesitate等词汇的搭配与拓展）、方法指导（如读后续写动作链描写技巧）、真题训练（阅读理解、完形填空等模拟题）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 讲义突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新设计“语料积累-写作迁移-分层练习”活动，如通过独立主格结构讲解提升语法应用能力，结合钱学森介绍的写作微练与句式升级训练写作逻辑。设置基础巩固、能力提升等分层练习，配合即时反馈，保障复习效果，助力学生高效掌握考点，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径，有效提升学生应考能力。

1．relief n．减轻，缓解；轻松，宽慰；(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除 ①Hearing my son had been admitted to Tsinghua University，I smiled with/in relief． ②To their relief，with the guidance of their father，they successfully made the breakfast． ③It's a relief to hear (hear) that it is only the flu． ④Happy and relieved (relieve) to see him，she smiled through tears，reaching out to grasp his hand tightly． ⑤(人教版必修第二册Unit 5)When I listened to music，it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind．Music gave me strength and brought me relief (relieve)． 　读后续写之情感描写 一辆小汽车开过来停了下来。当司机示意我上车时，我松了一口气。 A car approached and stopped．I breathed a sigh of relief as the driver signaled me to get in the car． ◎in/with relief欣慰地，释然地 to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 It's a relief to do sth．做某事是令人欣慰的。 ◎relieve vt．使轻松，宽慰；缓解 relieve sb．of ...解除某人……方面的负担 ◎relieved adj．感到宽慰的 ◎When we were finally rescued，we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears． 当最终获救时，我们长长地松了口气，欣喜不已，我们中许多人忍不住流下泪水。 2．effective adj．有效的，产生预期效果的；有影响的 ①Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees' professional development． ②The number of people who run the red light has been on the decrease since the new traffic regulations came into effect． ③We need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption in order to manage our time most effectively(effective)． 　应用文写作之茶文化 我介绍了制茶的历史，这对帮助他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。 I introduced the history of tea-making，which had a great effect on/upon their better understanding of our tea-drinking culture． ◎effect n．结果；效应；影响；作用 have an effect on/upon对……有效；对……有影响 come/go into effect生效；开始实施 take effect生效；开始起作用 ◎bring/put...into effect实施；实行；使……生效 in effect实际上；有效 side effect副作用 ◎effectively adv．有效地；实际上 ◎We should go to great lengths to solve the problem of environmental pollution with various effective means． 我们应该不遗余力地用各种有效手段来解决环境污染问题。 3．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫，顾虑 ①Never hesitate to help (help) others because maybe one day the reward you get from it may help yourself out． ②(译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 4) People with the impression that poetry is difficult to understand often hesitate about/over reading poetry． ③Ken was hesitant to play(play)the annoying landlord in the drama，but at a second thought，he decided to give it a try． 　读后续写之动作链描写 听到尖叫声，亨利冲到河边，脱下衣服，毫不犹豫地跳进水里。 Hearing the screams，Henry dashed to the riverside，threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation． ◎hesitate about/over doing sth．做某事犹豫不决 hesitate to do sth．犹豫做某事 ◎hesitation n．犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 ◎hesitant adj．犹豫的；不情愿的 be hesitant about(doing)...对(做)……犹豫不决 be hesitant to do sth．不情愿做某事 ◎Whenever you get into trouble，don't hesitate to turn to me for help． 每当你遇到麻烦时，请随时向我寻求帮助。 4．assistance n．帮助，援助 ①Thanks to Gunter's selfless assistance (assist)，I made it to the important conference． ②I'm wondering if you could assist me in choosing the suitable topic for the class meeting． ③Mary，a shop assistant in a clothes shop，is a nice person and usually assists her neighbours with a lot of things (assist)． 　应用文写作之感谢信 ①正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我很快就产生了归属感，适应了新的环境。 It is because of your generous assistance that I soon developed a sense of belonging and adapted to the new surroundings． ②我写这封信是为了向你表达诚挚的谢意，感谢你在我遇到困难时好心伸出援手。 I am writing to convey my sincere gratitude to you because you kindly came to my assistance when I was in trouble． ◎come/go to one's assistance来/去援助某人 with the assistance of...在……的帮助下 ◎assistant n．助手；助理 ◎assist v．帮助；援助 assist sb．to do/in doing sth．帮助某人做某事 assist sb．with/in sth．在某方面帮助某人 ◎With the assistance of their father，the twins succeeded in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast，their faces brimming with happy smiles． 在父亲的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功制作了一顿美味的母亲节早餐，他们的脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。 5．major adj．重要的，主要的 ①Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking．However，the majority of people are(be) effective speakers because they train to be． ②The majority was/were (be) in favour of banning smoking while the minority of them were (be) against it． ③Tu Youyou majored in medicine in university and later studied Chinese medicine with experts in the field． ④A recent survey suggests that students who tend to learn English by listening to English songs are in the majority． 　词汇升级 When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study process． →When it comes to education，the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study process． ◎major in ...主修……；以……为专业 ◎majority n．多数 the/a majority of大多数…… in the/a majority占大部分/大多数 ◎minority n．少数 in the/a minority占少数 ◎As a graduate majoring in the English language，I feel excited to write this letter for the position． 作为一名英语语言专业的毕业生，写信申请这个职位令我很激动。 6．rise to one's feet 站起身来 ①Now that you have grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet． ②Neil Armstrong was the first man to set foot on the surface of the moon． ③At the sight of his mother，the boy in the garden jumped to his feet and ran to her． ④The child fell down，but he struggled to his feet instead of waiting for his mother to help him． 　读后续写之动作描写 音乐会结束时，观众们站起来鼓掌欢呼。 At the end of the concert，the audience rose to their feet to applaud and cheer． ◎jump/leap/spring to one's feet跳起来 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ◎stand on one's own feet 自立，经济上独立 set foot on/in 进入，踏上 ◎Hearing a strange noise，the little boy quickly rose to his feet and ran away． 听到一种奇怪的声音，小男孩迅速站起来跑开了。 7．[教材原句]These are among the 669 children，most of them Jewish，that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis．(独立主格结构) 这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 ①She didn't know how to answer her son，her heart broken(break)． ②The boy jumped to his feet，his eyes sparkling (sparkle) as he ran to call his mother． ③So much work to do(do)，we don't have time to aid him in looking after his children． ④The exam to be held (hold) tomorrow，I can't go to the cinema tonight． 　一句多译 向导领着路，我们毫不费力地走出了森林。 ①The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest．(独立主格结构) ②As the guide led the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest．(状语从句) 独立主格结构与句子之间不使用连词，它独立存在，其逻辑主语与句子的主语不同。 ◎结构：名词/主格代词＋动词-ing形式/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/名词/介词短语 ◎功能：在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、方式、伴随等；with复合结构作状语时可与之互换，作定语时不可互换 ◎位置：可置于句首或句尾，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开 ◎A big smile on her face，the innocent girl unwrapped her delicate gift box． 带着灿烂的笑容，这个天真的女孩打开了精致的礼品盒。 Ⅰ．单句语法填空 1．There is an increase in registrations(registration) for ballet classes． 2．With the aid of the government and people across the country，the stricken area will be relived soon． 3．If you have any further(far) problems，do let me know． 4．The library displayed a collection of donated (donate) books from local authors，attracting many readers． 5．To our relief(relieve)，the factory resolved the problem of labour shortage(short)． 6．He made a major contribution(contribute) to the foundation．Not only did he donate money to it but also offered some effective (effect) advice． 7．We provide assistance(assist) for people with disability (ability) without hesitation (hesitate)． 8．She was given the VIP treatment(treat) after making a remarkable achievement(achieve) in medicine． 9．Learning a foreign language is challenging，but with perseverance (perseverant)，you'll gradually master its grammar and vocabulary． 10．They rushed out with concern instantly(instant) they heard the shout for help． Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义 1．take in A．吸收，摄入　B．收留　C．理解　D．欺骗 E．包含，包括 (1)This is the total cost of your trip，taking everything in． E (2)To be frank，she just can't take in what the teacher is saying． C (3)My heart sank when I knew the old lady was homeless，so I took her in． B (4)Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly． D (5)Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen． A 2．treatment A．治疗　B．处理　C．对待 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Then he tried acupuncture，an ancient Chinese practice，and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments． A (2)In some cases，it's not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried． C (3)(2025·全国一卷)We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics． B 3．According to the World Wildlife Fund，the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500，giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status． A A．基金会　　　　　　B．资金；现款 C．储存，储备 4．Relief agencies are stepping up efforts to provide food，shelter and agricultural equipment． C A．减轻，缓解 　　B．宽慰，欣慰 C．救济 Ⅲ．写作迁移 1．这些大学生一到村里就去帮助农民干活。(“on＋doing”结构) On arriving at the village，these college students went to help the farmers with their work． 2．若全面考虑，锻炼不仅能有益于我们的健康，而且能提高我们的学习效率。 All things considered，not only can exercise benefit our health but it can also improve our learning efficiency． 3．俗话说得好：“诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。” As the saying goes well，“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge．” 4．我们学校正在举办各种课外活动，比如武术和书法，其中国画是我最喜欢的。 A variety of after-class activities，such as martial arts and calligraphy，are being held in our school，among which Chinese painting is my favourite． 假定你是李华，你校学生会准备办一期以“我最喜欢的科学家”为主题的英语板报，请你写一篇短文介绍我国著名的科学家钱学森。 　写作微练 ①钱学森于1911年出生于上海，他在中国空间技术领域取得了巨大成就。 Qian Xuesen was born in 1911 in Shanghai and he made great achievements in China's space technology． ②钱学森1935年赴美深造并于1939年在美国获得航空、数学博士学位。 In 1935，Qian went to America for further study and obtained his doctor's degrees in aeronautics and mathematics in 1939 in the U．S． ③尽管美国政府试图阻止他，但他不屈不挠，于1955年回到中国。 With great perseverance，he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him． ④他为中国的航天事业做出了巨大的贡献。 He made great contributions to China's aerospace． ⑤2009年，他在北京去世。 In 2009，he passed away in Beijing． ⑥中国人民永远不会忘记他对人民和国家的贡献。 Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country． 　句式升级 ⑦用定语从句改写句① Qian Xuesen，who made great achievements in China's space technology，was born in 1911 in Shanghai． 　妙笔成篇 As for the topic “My Favourite Scientist”， I would like to introduce the famous scientist Qian Xuesen．The details are as follows． Qian Xuesen，who made great achievements in China's space technology，was born in 1911 in Shanghai．In 1935，Qian went to America for further study and obtained his doctor's degrees in aeronautics and mathematics in 1939 in the U．S．With great perseverance，he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him．Then he made great contributions to China's aerospace．In 2009，he passed away in Beijing． Anyhow，Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country． 　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 rise to one's feet；extend；assistance；aid；obtain；relief；break into a smile；sensitive；generous；hesitate；insight；perseverance 美句 1．Their heartbroken parents do not join them．Indeed，they fear they may never see their children again． 2．He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him．They sang and danced happily． 3．At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him．He really had made a difference for these children．He broke into a joyful smile． 拓展 语料 单词 open-mouthed adj．惊愕得张大嘴的；目瞪口呆的；surprise/amaze/astonish vt．使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/astonished adj．吃惊的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj．令人吃惊的→surprise/amazement/astonishment n．惊讶；shock vt．使震惊 n．震惊→shocking adj．令人震惊的→shocked adj．震惊的 语块 much to one's shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人很震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇的是；in disbelief难以置信地；come as a shock to sb．让某人震惊；a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one's face 某人脸上出现/掠过惊讶的表情；have a look of surprise on one's face某人脸上露出惊讶的表情；eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛；stare/look at sb．with wide eyes瞪大眼睛盯着某人；one's mouth drops/hangs open in surprise惊讶地张大嘴 句型 1．It gave me a shock when I realized... 当我意识到……，我感到震惊。 2．He froze，his mouth hanging open in surprise．(独立主格结构) 他僵住了，惊讶地张着嘴。 3．I jumped to my feet in disbelief and stepped back in no time． 我难以置信地跳了起来，立刻后退了一步。 4．Staring at him with wide eyes，I hardly believed what he had done．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 我瞪大眼睛盯着他，简直不敢相信他所做的一切。 5．I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing across my face．(with复合结构) 我在写作比赛中得了第一名，脸上闪过一丝惊讶。 　语料运用 ①令人震惊的是，附近的一个小镇发生了龙卷风。 Much to people's shock，a tornado occurred in a small town nearby． ②听到这个坏消息，玛丽吓得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的。 At the bad news，Mary froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground．(状语从句的省略) ③玛丽把这个消息告诉了她的孩子们，并问他们是否愿意与那些不幸的人分享他们的东西。 Mary shared the news with her children，and asked if they would like to share what they had with the less fortunate． ④令她欣慰的是，所有的孩子都毫不犹豫地捐了一些东西，她惊讶得张大了嘴巴。 To her relief，all the children didn't hesitate to donate something and her mouth hung open in surprise． ⑤安妮的哥哥见安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里，脸上闪过一丝惊讶。 Anne's brother saw Anne place her favourite toy in the box，with a spark of surprise flashing across his face．(with复合结构) ⑥他睁大眼睛盯着她，随后站起身来，回到自己的房间，拿着他最喜欢的玩具跑回客厅。 Staring at her with wide eyes，he then rose to his feet，went back to his room and ran back with his favourite toy to the living room．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) ⑦看到她的孩子们在做什么，玛丽又惊又喜，简直不敢相信。 Astonished and excited，Mary saw what her children were doing in disbelief．(形容词短语作状语) ⑧玛丽突然笑了起来，心想：“我的孩子们多慷慨啊！他们愿意去帮助别人。” Mary broke into a smile，thinking， “How generous my children are！They are willing to go to others' assistance．” 题型组合练(十四)　必修第三册　Unit 2　Making a difference (建议用时：45分钟　总分：50分) Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A (2026·湖北十堰模拟)Each morning，the soft sound of slicing fills the air at a processing workshop in Zhangshu，Jiangxi Province．Yuan Xiaoping，69，stands by his workbench，skillfully slicing white peony root into pieces．The technique may seem effortless，but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice． Yuan is a nationally recognized inheritor (继承人) of the Zhangshu traditional Chinese medicine processing technique，a form of craftsmanship listed on the National List of Representative Intangible Cultural Heritage Items in 2014．For over 1，800 years，Zhangshu，China's medicine capital，has perfected the art of traditional herb processing，transforming raw plants into precise medicine．This craft relies on four signature tools：sharp knives for paper-thin slicing，copper pots for controlled heating，local mineral-rich water，and secret methods passed from master to apprentice． Born into a family with a tradition in Chinese medicine，Yuan began working as an apprentice at the old Tianqitang pharmacy at the age of 16．He later studied under master craftsman Yu Shouxiang，who was renowned for his expertise in medicinal (药用的) cutting．Yuan devoted decades to mastering core skills of the craft，including some specialized methods．For him，the heart of the craft lies in two skills：cutting and processing． “Every step demands precision，but it's the knife work that truly stands out：each slice cut to perfect thickness，almost like art，”Yuan said．“Processing is not just about preparing herbs．It demands reverence for the natural properties of medicinal herbs and the application of precise methods to unlock their medical value．” Despite modern production technologies，Yuan believes many essential steps remain dependent on experience．“Machines can cut，but they can't read the color，smell or texture of herbs，” Yuan said．“Some techniques are simple in appearance，but they require years of repetition to do well．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了国家级非物质文化遗产樟树中药炮制技艺传承人袁小平的工作日常、学艺经历及其对技艺的理解，并介绍了樟树中药炮制技艺的特点与价值。 1．What can be learned about the technique? A．It features simplicity B．It is dismissed as impractical． C．It remains unchanged． D．It requires effort and accuracy． D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The technique may seem effortless，but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice．”和第四段中的“‘Every step demands precision，but it's the knife work that truly stands out：each slice cut to perfect thickness，almost like art，’Yuan said．”可知，樟树中药炮制技艺需要从业者付出长期刻苦的努力，且每一次切片都要求精准。故选D。] 2．What does the underlined word “reverence” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Awe．　 B．Love． C．Talent．　 D．Blame． A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Processing is not just about preparing herbs．It demands reverence for the natural properties of medicinal herbs and the application of precise methods to unlock their medical value．”可知，炮制药材不仅是处理药材，还需要对药材的天然特性持有某种态度，才能通过精准方法激发其药用价值。结合语境可推知，这种态度应是尊重、敬畏之情。选项A“Awe”意为“敬畏”，与此相符。故选A。] 3．Which of the following can best describe Yuan? A．Disciplined and energetic． B．Committed and highly-skilled． C．Hard-working and friendly． D．Forward-thinking and devoted． B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The technique may seem effortless，but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice．”以及第三段中的“Yuan devoted decades to mastering core skills of the craft，including some specialized methods．For him，the heart of the craft lies in two skills：cutting and processing．”可知，袁小平50多年刻苦练习技艺、数十年钻研核心技法，体现了他对中药炮制技艺的专注投入；而他能娴熟切片、掌握独门技法，则体现了他技艺精湛。故选B。] 4．What does Yuan's story mainly show? A．Look before you leap． B．Honesty is the best policy． C．Practice makes perfect． D．Strike while the iron is hot． C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The technique may seem effortless，but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice．”和最后一段中袁小平所说的话“Some techniques are simple in appearance，but they require years of repetition to do well．”可知，袁小平的技艺并非天生，而是靠50多年刻苦练习、多年反复打磨才练就的，这体现了长期练习造就精湛技艺的道理。故选C。] B (2025·东北三省四市模拟)Every great idea begins with a spark (火花) of realization—and for Snehha Naarsaria，an accountant and a mom in Portugal，that spark came from her own home． Financial literacy (素养) is no longer a skill reserved for adults；it is becoming a fundamental part of a child's education．But teaching financial concepts to a child turned out to be harder than Snehha Naarsaria had expected．There were no engaging tools，no reliable materials，and no clear ways to introduce these basic skills to a young mind．This disconnection between knowledge and application struck her deeply and that was when the idea for Fin Free Kid was born． Fin Free Kid is an innovative initiative that equips children with necessary money management skills through appealing books，flashcards，DIY kits，posters，and an immersive (沉浸式的) course．It offers comprehensive learning aids which cover different aspects of financial literacy．The resources aren't just about teaching—they're about empowering kids to think independently，make informed decisions，and develop habits that will serve them for life． With a strong focus on quality and customer satisfaction，the program has earned widespread praise for its exceptional service and transformative impact on young learners．Parents have reported a noticeable shift in their children's attitudes and behaviors after using Fin Free Kid's products．Many children have developed the habit of saving money and learned to make more thoughtful spending choices．A feature in The Economic Times described Fin Free Kid as “a pioneer in financial education for kids，bridging the gap in a crucial area of learning”． With its growing popularity and the trust of parents across Portugal，Fin Free Kid plans to introduce advanced learning materials for older children and expand its partnerships with schools to integrate financial literacy into courses．“Our mission is to make sure that every child has the tools and knowledge to deal with the complexities of the financial world，” says Snehha Naarsaria．“The changes we've seen in children so far are just the beginning．Together，we're building financially literate generations．” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了葡萄牙的Snehha Naarsaria因发现教孩子理财很困难而创立了Fin Free Kid，助儿童学理财，该项目收获了广泛的好评并将要拓展。 5．What inspired Snehha Naarsaria to create Fin Free Kid? A．Rising concerns about overspending． B．Lack of effective educational resources． C．Her success as a professional accountant． D．Children's desire to learn financial concepts． B　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Snehha Naarsaria发现给孩子教授金融概念比她预期的要难，因为缺乏吸引人的工具、可靠的材料和清晰的教学方法。由此可知，缺乏有效的教育资源促使她产生了创建Fin Free Kid的想法。故选B。] 6．What is an advantage of Fin Free Kid? A．It improves reading skills． B．It guarantees financial success． C．It attaches importance to theories． D．It contributes to lifelong development． D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“The resources aren't just about teaching—they're about empowering kids to think independently，make informed decisions，and develop habits that will serve them for life．”可知，Fin Free Kid有助于孩子的终身发展。故选D。] 7．Why does the author quote the feature in The Economic Times? A．To criticize traditional financial education． B．To compare Fin Free Kid with other programs． C．To highlight the program's groundbreaking role． D．To illustrate the significance of financial education． C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“A feature in The Economic Times described Fin Free Kid as ‘a pioneer in financial education for kids，bridging the gap in a crucial area of learning’．”可知，《经济时报》将Fin Free Kid描述为“儿童金融教育的先驱，弥合了关键学习领域的差距”。由此推知，作者引用《经济时报》的这一描述是为了突出该项目在儿童金融教育方面开创性的作用。故选C。] 8．What is the ultimate goal of Fin Free Kid according to Snehha? A．To strengthen its cooperation with schools． B．To make it influential throughout the world． C．To promote financial literacy for generations． D．To prepare kids to handle real-world challenges． C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Our mission is to make sure that every child has the tools and knowledge to deal with the complexities of the financial world，’ says Snehha Naarsaria．‘The changes we've seen in children so far are just the beginning．Together，we're building financially literate generations．’” 可知，他们正在共同培养具有金融素养的几代人。由此可知，Fin Free Kid的最终目标是提升几代人的金融素养。故选C。] Ⅱ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2026·江苏苏州模拟)Mark Bustos，a famed hairstylist whose services cost hundreds of dollars，spends every Sunday in New York giving free haircuts．His 　1　 was driven by a belief in 　2　．“We all know that feeling after getting a good and fresh haircut，” he once said． Self-taught，Bustos began cutting hair at 14 and gradually gained fame．A 2012 trip to the Philippines 　3　 him，opening his eyes to poverty and urging him to use his 　4　 to help．He rented a barbershop there to give free cuts，and the idea stuck with him． Back in New York，he 　5　 the streets every Sunday and 　6　 all weather conditions，offering haircuts and food to people in need．One of his most 　7　 experiences was with a man named Jamar，who 　8　 spoke to others，seeing himself in the mirror after a haircut，asked if Bustos knew of any　9　 — prepared to seek a job 　10　 his clean look．Bustos never saw him on the streets again，　11　 a powerful moment of change． Accompanied by photographer Devin Masga，Bustos 　12　 each transformation and shares the stories online to inspire others．With over 235，000 social media followers，he spreads warmth and 　13　 others to take action．Bustos believes 　14　 isn't everything，but it can boost self-worth and respect．His work proves a small 　15　 of kindness can create real，lasting impact． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名发型师Mark Bustos每周日为纽约的贫困人群提供免费理发服务的故事，展现了其通过微小善举传递温暖与希望的精神。 1．A．schedule　　　 B．campaign C．adventure　 D．foundation B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“a famed hairstylist whose services cost hundreds of dollars，spends every Sunday in New York giving free haircuts”可知，Mark Bustos作为著名发型师，每周日为纽约的贫困人群提供免费理发服务，这个活动是由他回馈社会的信念所驱动的。故选B。] 2．A．fanning out　 B．adding up C．giving back　 D．easing off C　[考查动词短语辨析。根据前文“giving free haircuts”可知，Mark Bustos提供免费理发服务，属于做公益，回馈社会的行为。故选C。] 3．A．disturbed　 B．annoyed C．sustained　 D．pleased A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“opening his eyes to poverty and urging him to use his________ to help”可知，菲律宾之行让他看到了贫困，并促使他去帮助他人，这说明这次旅行扰乱了他的心绪，让他开始关注社会问题。故选A。] 4．A．virtue　 B．name　 C．wisdom　 D．talent D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Self-taught，Bustos began cutting hair at 14 and gradually gained fame．”可知，Mark Bustos自学理发，14岁开始理发，并逐渐成名，这说明他具有理发的才能。故选D。] 5．A．cleans　 B．hits　 C．rules　 D．surveys B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“the streets every Sunday”可知，Mark Bustos每周日都会走上街头，为需要帮助的人提供服务，hits表示他“到达”街头。故选B。] 6．A．monitors　 B．enjoys　 C．survives　 D．braves D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“all weather conditions”可知，Mark Bustos在各种天气条件下都走上街头为穷人理发，说明他不畏惧各种天气，braves表示“勇敢面对”。故选D。] 7．A．bitter　 B．fortunate C．memorable　 D．entertaining C　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“spoke to others，seeing himself in the mirror after a haircut，asked if Bustos knew of any________— prepared to seek a job________ his clean look”可知，这次相遇对Mark Bustos来说意义重大，影响深远，所以很难忘。故选C。] 8．A．nervously　 B．barely C．readily　 D．previously B　[考查副词词义辨析。根据后文“seeing himself in the mirror after a haircut，asked if Bustos knew of any________”可知，Jamar在理发后才开始主动与Mark Bustos交流，说明他之前几乎不与他人交流。故选B。] 9．A．shortcuts　 B．resources　 C．openings　 D．addresses C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“prepared to seek a job”可知，Jamar想找工作，所以询问工作的机会。故选C。] 10．A．on account of　 B．in honor of C．by means of　 D．for fear of A　[考查介词短语辨析。根据后文“his clean look”可知，他凭借自己整洁的外表准备找工作，on account of表示“原因”，即因为自己整洁的外表，符合语境。故选A。] 11．A．delaying　 B．sparing　 C．picturing　 D．marking D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“Bustos never saw him on the streets again”及后文“a powerful moment of change”可知，Bustos再也没有在街上见过Jamar，说明这次相遇标志着一个有效的改变的时刻。故选D。] 12．A．celebrates　 B．documents C．guarantees　 D．observes B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“shares the stories online to inspire others”可知，Bustos在网上分享这些故事以激励他人，所以他应该是先记录下每一次转变。故选B。] 13．A．sponsors　 B．challenges C．pressures　 D．motivates D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“shares the stories online to inspire others”可知，Bustos在网上分享这些故事是为了激励他人。故选D。] 14．A．fashion　 B．profession　 C．appearance　 D．reward C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“but it can boost self-worth and respect”及前文描述Bustos为人们免费理发，改变他们的外貌可知，此处是在谈论外貌的重要性。故选C。] 15．A．gesture　 B．range　 C．detail　 D．signal A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“Mark Bustos；a famed hairstylist whose services cost hundreds of dollars，spends every Sunday in New York giving free haircuts．”描述Bustos为人们免费理发这一善举可知，此处是在谈论一个小的善意举动的影响。故选A。] Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) (2026·海南琼海模拟)In scientist Wei Yuansong's office drawer is a thank-you letter 1．________ (write) in Sinhalese and signed by an entire Sri Lanka village．“We express our heartfelt gratitude to Professor Wei for providing us with safe and 2．________ (taste) drinking water，” the villagers wrote． Wei says his 3．________ (connect) to Sri Lanka began in August 2013，when he received an email from Dr S．K．Weragoda about working together on water treatment to address Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu)．At that time，CKDu was a major public health problem in Sri Lanka，with over 40，000 people 4．________ (suffer) from the disease since the mid-1990s． In August 2014，Wei made his 5．________ (one) visit to Sri Lanka to undertake a research journey with Weragoda．Each day，they traveled for hours along bumpy roads deep into the affected areas，and paid home visits to villagers．They were greeted 6．________ cold shoulders and doubts．“Many local people thought the Chinese，like other foreign researchers，were there not to really help them，7．________ to write papers，” Wei says．They negotiated difficult conversations to gain their trust，eventually being allowed to take crucial samples for analysis． Since March 2015，Wei has visited Sri Lanka frequently with other Chinese scientists 8．________ (conduct) thorough research into water treatment solutions suitable to local conditions．So far，the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its partners 9．________ (build) four drinking water facilities in Sri Lanka，10．________ provide safe drinking water to over 5，000 villagers． 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家魏源松与斯里兰卡开展合作，帮助当地应对病因不明的慢性肾病(CKDu)的过程及成果。 1．written　[考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，letter和write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语。故填written。] 2．tasty　[考查形容词。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰drinking water，taste的形容词是tasty，意为“可口的”。故填tasty。] 3．connection　[考查名词。his后跟名词，connect的名词是connection，意为“联系”，是不可数名词。故填connection。] 4．suffering　[考查非谓语动词。此处是with复合结构，people和suffer之间是主谓关系，因此用动词-ing形式表主动，作宾语补足语。故填suffering。] 5．first　[考查序数词。根据语境可知，句子表示“2014年8月，魏首次前往斯里兰卡，与韦拉戈达一同开启研究之旅”，空格处意为“首次的”，用序数词first。故填first。] 6．with　[考查介词。根据语境可知，句子表示“然而，他们却遭到了刻意冷落和怀疑”，be greeted with是固定短语，意为“遭到”，因此空格处是介词with。故填with。] 7．but　[考查固定搭配。根据语境可知，句子表示“中国人和其他外国研究人员一样，到那里并非真心想要帮助他们，而是为了写论文”，not...but...是固定搭配，意为“不是……而是……”，因此空格处用but。故填but。] 8．to conduct　[考查不定式。根据语境可知，句子表示“魏与其他中国科学家频繁前往斯里兰卡，针对适合当地条件的水处理解决方案展开深入研究”，空格处用不定式，表目的。故填to conduct。] 9．have built　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。由so far可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its partners是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填have built。] 10．which　[考查定语从句。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词four drinking water facilities是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。] 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $