专题03 Unit 3 Know Yourself-【语境大串记】词汇语境串记单元学案-2026-2027学年初中英语人教版八年级上册

该初中英语单元学案以“Know Yourself”为主题，围绕单元核心词汇记忆与应用目标，通过语境串记、词形转变、梯度复现练习、关联拓展巩固等递进环节，构建从词汇输入到综合应用的完整学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于“语境驱动+多维复现”的词汇学习设计，如通过主题短文整合72个单元词汇实现语境串记，设置英汉互译、词形变换等多题型梯度练习促进语言能力发展，关联拓展中的词汇网络图和易混词辨析培养思维品质，“顽固词库”助力个性化学习能力提升。为学生单元词汇巩固提供全面支持，也为教师实施针对性复习教学提供清晰指导。

专题03 第三单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版） （ 知识点来源： 八年级上册 Unit 3 Know Yourself ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 2 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 2 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 5 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 3 Know Yourself，共72词） 5 第六部分：单元“顽固词库” 8 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） Know Yourself We compare two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. One is outgoing and loud, the other is shy and a little lazy. My serious friend is hard-working and slim, and he has a good appearance. We have sth in common: we both attend the music class and he can perform on the flute. thanks to his strength, he won a prize at the show. besides study, in his spare time he reads a novel with great interest. He is straightforward and honest, and he gives his opinion in a direct way. We are close and our friendship is strong. Every morning he looks in the mirror and smiles with a sense of humour. If I make a mistake, he does not laugh; the similarity in our character helps us care about each other. I expect he will reach for the small torch and lend it to me by accident when the light is poor. We exchange our books in a strange situation. Like the prince and the pauper in the old story, we learn a lesson. There is a silver lining after every hard day, and we feel happy at the fact. The two cities are alike in some ways. One city has a large population and an average rainfall of nine hundred mm per year. The other is pleasant with less rain and more sun. We give our congratulation to the winner of the city contest. He can play well and solve hard problems with a clear mind. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 我们(compare)两个好友，发现他们性格(personality)上的差异(difference)很大。一个外向的(outgoing)且大声的(loud)，另一个害羞的(shy)且有点懒的(lazy)。我严肃的(serious)朋友勤奋的(hard-working)且苗条的(slim)，他长相(appearance)不错。我们有共同之处(have sth in common)：我们都参加(attend)音乐课，他能吹长笛(flute)表演(perform)。由于(thanks to)他的优势(strength)，他在演出中赢得奖(prize)。除学习之外(besides)，他在空闲时间(spare time)读小说(novel)，带着浓厚兴趣(interest)。他坦率的(straightforward)且坦诚的(honest)，以直率的(direct)方式给出看法(opinion)。我们亲近，友谊(friendship)牢固。 每天早晨他对着镜子(mirror)笑，带着幽默(humour)的感觉(sense)。如果我犯错误(make a mistake)，他不笑；我们性格(character)的相似之处(similarity)让我们关心(care about)彼此。我预料(expect)光线暗时他会伸手够取(reach for)小手电(torch)，并偶然(by accident)把它借(lend)给我。我们在奇怪的情况(situation)下交换(exchange)书。像故事里王子(prince)与贫民(pauper)，我们学到道理。每个艰难日子后都有一线光明(silver lining)，我们因这事实(fact)感到快乐。 这两座城市在某些方面相像(alike)。一座城市人口(population)多，年平均(average)降雨量(rainfall)为九百毫米每年(per)。另一座宜人的(pleasant)，较少(less)雨、较多阳光。我们向城市比赛的获胜者表示祝贺(congratulation)。他表现好，并解决(solve)难题。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 compare v.比较 comparison n.比较; comparative adj.比较的 2 perform v.表演 performance n.表演; performer n.表演者 3 solve v.解决 solution n.解决办法; solved adj.已解决的 4 attend v.参加 attendance n.出席; attendant n.服务员 5 serious adj.严肃的 seriously adv.严肃地; seriousness n.严肃 6 strength n.优势 strong adj.强壮的; strengthen v.加强 7 interest n.兴趣 interesting adj.有趣的; interested adj.感兴趣的 8 difference n.差异 different adj.不同的; differ v.不同 9 honest adj.坦诚的 honestly adv.坦诚地; honesty n.诚实 10 friend n.朋友 friendship n.友谊; friendly adj.友好的 11 care v.关心 careful adj.小心的; careless adj.粗心的 12 expect v.预料 expectation n.期待; expected adj.预期的 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（20题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 8/8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（12个） 1. compare → __________ 2. outgoing → __________ 3. personality → __________ 4. serious → __________ 5. hard-working → __________ 6. strength → __________ 7. appearance → __________ 8. flute → __________ 9. prize → __________ 10. honest → __________ 11. friendship → __________ 12. mirror → __________ 子题B：中译英（8个） 1. 害羞的 → __________ 2. 懒惰的 → __________ 3. 大声的 → __________ 4. 苗条的 → __________ 5. 小说 → __________ 6. 幽默 → __________ 7. 事实 → __________ 8. 人口 → __________ 题型2：词形变换（8题） 1. The two cities are ________ (difference) in size and in the weather of the year. 2. He shows great ________ (honest) when he returns the lost money to the old man. 3. Be ________ (care) when you cross the busy street near the old school every day. 4. The ________ (perform) on the stage plays the flute and wins the big prize. 5. They ________ (solve) the hard maths problem with a clear and simple way at last. 6. Our ________ (attend) at the music class helps us learn the song by heart. 7. She is ________ (interest) in the old novel and reads it every single night. 8. He ________ (strength) his body by running in the park each early morning. 题型3：短语填空（6题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： have sth in common spare time thanks to by accident care about make a mistake 1. The two good friends ________ and meet at the library after a long school day. 2. In his ________ he reads a short novel and listens to soft music at home. 3. ________ his kind teacher, he learns to play the flute and sing a happy song. 4. I met my old friend in the park ________ when we both walked the small dog. 5. We should ________ our family and give them warm help when they need it. 6. If you ________, do not worry and try the hard work again with a smile. 题型4：完成句子（5题） 1. 我们比较了两个好朋友的性格。 We ________ the two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. 2. 他每天在空闲时间读一本短篇小说。 He reads a short novel in his ________ after a long day at the school. 3. 由于他的优势，他在学校演出中赢得一个大奖。 ________ his great strength, he won a big prize at the school show. 4. 我们像故事里的王子和贫民一样学到道理。 We learn a good lesson like the ________ and the pauper in the old story. 5. 这座大城市人口多，年平均降雨量很少。 The big city has a large ________ and an average rainfall of little rain. 题型5：句型同义转换（5题） 1. The two friends are not the same in their personality and their quiet way. The two friends are ________ in their personality and their quiet way. 2. He tells the truth and never lies to his close friends at school. He is ________ and never lies to his close friends at school. 3. We look after the small cat that lives near our green garden. We ________ the small cat that lives near our green garden. 4. We learn a lesson like the king's son and the poor man in the story. We learn a lesson like the ________ and the pauper in the story. 5. The big city has many people and little rain in a year. The big city has a large ________ and little rain in a year. 题型6：单句语法填空（8题） 1. We ________ (compare) the two cities and found a big difference last week. 2. He ________ (expect) a call from his mother and waits by the phone. 3. She is ________ (slim) than the girl we met at the party last night. 4. He speaks ________ (loud) in the classroom and the teacher looks at him. 5. The pen ________ (lend) to a friend by the boy at noon every day. 6. The teacher gives ________ (we) a book about friendship in the quiet room. 7. He tries ________ (reach) the book on the high shelf with a small step. 8. They ________ (exchange) their books in the library after the long class yesterday. 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） We compare two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. One is outgoing and loud, the other is shy and a little lazy. My serious friend is hard-working and slim, and he has a good appearance. We have sth in common: we both attend the music class and he can perform on the flute. thanks to his strength, he won a prize at the show. besides study, in his spare time he reads a novel with great interest. He is straightforward and honest, and he gives his opinion in a direct way. We are close and our friendship is strong. Every morning he looks in the mirror and smiles with a sense of humour. If I make a mistake, he does not laugh; the similarity in our character helps us care about each other. I expect he will reach for the small torch and lend it to me by accident when the light is poor. We exchange our books in a strange situation. Like the prince and the pauper in the old story, we learn a lesson. There is a silver lining after every hard day, and we feel happy at the fact. The two cities are alike in some ways. One city has a large population and an average rainfall of nine hundred mm per year. The other is pleasant with less rain and more sun. We give our congratulation to the winner of the city contest. He can play well and solve hard problems with a clear mind. 1. Where do the two friends see a big difference? A. In their personality. B. In their school. C. In their city. D. In their family. 2. What do they do in their spare time? A. They swim. B. They run. C. They read a novel. D. They sing. 3. What do the two friends both do? A. They swim. B. They attend the music class. C. They sing. D. They run. 4. Where do they exchange their books? A. In the park. B. At home. C. In the library. D. In a strange situation. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To teach math. B. To describe two friends and their personalities. C. To talk about space. D. To describe a movie. 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：Know Yourself） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 B. 易混词辨析（3组，每组2小题） 第1组：lend / borrow (1) He ________ his pen to a friend and got it back at noon after class. (2) I ________ a book from the school library every single week with a card. 第2组：personality / character (1) We see a big difference in their ________ when we talk with the two boys. (2) Like the ________ in the old story, the pauper learns a hard lesson at last. 第3组：straightforward / direct (1) He is a ________ boy who tells the truth and never lies to his friends. (2) She gave her ________ answer in a clear and simple way without any fear. C. 跨单元微循环（8题，复习上一单元词汇：八年级上册 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home） We ________ (收拾) our bags and go to the new flat near the quiet and green park. They ________ (邀请) their friends to a warm party in the garden on Sunday. I ________ (借) a book from the school library every single week with a card. We ________ (计划) a trip to the old town with our class next month at school. The happy children ________ (搜寻) for treasure in the small park near home. This small place is ________ (熟悉的) to the new student from the big city. Please ________ (描述) the clean room for the school paper in a few words. We ________ (装饰) the white wall with bright flowers in the living room. 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 3 Know Yourself，共72词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 compare v. 比较；对比 2 shy adj. 害羞的 3 lazy adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 4 loud adv. 响亮地 adj. 大声的 5 outgoing adj. 外向的 6 hard - working adj. 勤奋的 7 perform v. 表演；执行 8 solve v. 解决；解答 9 flute n. 长笛 10 congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 11 Congratulations (on...)! （对……）表示祝贺！ 12 prize n. 奖；奖励 13 attend v. 参加；出席 14 as... as... 像……一样…… 15 besides prep. 除……之外（还）adv. 而且 16 spare adj. 空闲的；备用的v. 抽出；拨出 17 spare time 空闲时间 18 pleasure n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸 19 have sth in common 有共同之处 20 appearance n. 外表；露面 21 personality n. 性格；个性 22 serious adj. 严肃的；严重的 23 strength n. 优势；力量 24 fact n. 事实；现实 25 slim adj. 苗条的；薄的 26 population n. 人口 27 km abbr. 千米；公里(= kilometre) 28 average adj. 平均的；平常的 29 rainfall n. 降雨量 30 per prep. 每 31 mm abbr. 毫米(= millimetre) 32 pleasant adj. 宜人的；友好的 33 alike adj. 相像的 adv. 相似地 34 mirror n. 镜子 35 interest n. 业余爱好；兴趣 36 novel n. 小说 37 difference n. 差异 38 sense n. 理解 39 humour n. 幽默(= humor) 40 thanks to 归功于；由于；因为 41 less adj. 较少的；更少的adv.较少地；更少地pron. 较少；更少 42 straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的 43 opinion n. 看法；意见 44 make a mistake 犯错误 45 honest adj. 坦诚的；诚实的 46 direct adj. 率直的；直接的 47 similarity n. 相似之处 48 friendship n. 友谊；友情 49 metre n. 米(= meter) 50 prince n. 王子 51 character n. 人物；个性 52 pauper n. 贫民；乞丐 53 exchange v. & n. 交换 54 accident n. 意外；（交通）事故 55 by accident 偶然；意外地 56 expect v. 预料；期待 57 silver adj. 银色的 n. 银 58 silver lining 一线光明 59 situation n. 情况；状况 60 care about 关心；担心 61 reach v. 伸手；达到 62 reach for 伸手够取 63 torch n. 烛； 电筒 64 lend…a hand 帮助（某人） 65 Julie 朱莉 66 Matt 马特 67 Stephen 斯蒂芬 68 Diana 戴安娜 69 Edward 爱德华 70 Mark Twain 马克·吐温 71 Rose 罗斯 72 Chicago 芝加哥（美国城市） 第六部分：单元“顽固词库” 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $专题03 第三单元 语境串记单元记忆学案（人教版） （ 知识点来源： 八年级上册 Unit 3 Know Yourself ） 学校:_____________ 姓名：______________ 班级：__________ 座号：__________ 目录 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 1 第二部分：词形转变表 2 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 2 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 8 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 3 Know Yourself，共72词） 10 第六部分：单元“顽固词库” 12 第一部分：语境串记与词块积累 A. 语境串记单词（英文原文） Know Yourself We compare two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. One is outgoing and loud, the other is shy and a little lazy. My serious friend is hard-working and slim, and he has a good appearance. We have sth in common: we both attend the music class and he can perform on the flute. thanks to his strength, he won a prize at the show. besides study, in his spare time he reads a novel with great interest. He is straightforward and honest, and he gives his opinion in a direct way. We are close and our friendship is strong. Every morning he looks in the mirror and smiles with a sense of humour. If I make a mistake, he does not laugh; the similarity in our character helps us care about each other. I expect he will reach for the small torch and lend it to me by accident when the light is poor. We exchange our books in a strange situation. Like the prince and the pauper in the old story, we learn a lesson. There is a silver lining after every hard day, and we feel happy at the fact. The two cities are alike in some ways. One city has a large population and an average rainfall of nine hundred mm per year. The other is pleasant with less rain and more sun. We give our congratulation to the winner of the city contest. He can play well and solve hard problems with a clear mind. B. 语境串记单词（汉语译文） 我们(compare)两个好友，发现他们性格(personality)上的差异(difference)很大。一个外向的(outgoing)且大声的(loud)，另一个害羞的(shy)且有点懒的(lazy)。我严肃的(serious)朋友勤奋的(hard-working)且苗条的(slim)，他长相(appearance)不错。我们有共同之处(have sth in common)：我们都参加(attend)音乐课，他能吹长笛(flute)表演(perform)。由于(thanks to)他的优势(strength)，他在演出中赢得奖(prize)。除学习之外(besides)，他在空闲时间(spare time)读小说(novel)，带着浓厚兴趣(interest)。他坦率的(straightforward)且坦诚的(honest)，以直率的(direct)方式给出看法(opinion)。我们亲近，友谊(friendship)牢固。 每天早晨他对着镜子(mirror)笑，带着幽默(humour)的感觉(sense)。如果我犯错误(make a mistake)，他不笑；我们性格(character)的相似之处(similarity)让我们关心(care about)彼此。我预料(expect)光线暗时他会伸手够取(reach for)小手电(torch)，并偶然(by accident)把它借(lend)给我。我们在奇怪的情况(situation)下交换(exchange)书。像故事里王子(prince)与贫民(pauper)，我们学到道理。每个艰难日子后都有一线光明(silver lining)，我们因这事实(fact)感到快乐。 这两座城市在某些方面相像(alike)。一座城市人口(population)多，年平均(average)降雨量(rainfall)为九百毫米每年(per)。另一座宜人的(pleasant)，较少(less)雨、较多阳光。我们向城市比赛的获胜者表示祝贺(congratulation)。他表现好，并解决(solve)难题。 第二部分：词形转变表 序号 原词 词形变化 1 compare v.比较 comparison n.比较; comparative adj.比较的 2 perform v.表演 performance n.表演; performer n.表演者 3 solve v.解决 solution n.解决办法; solved adj.已解决的 4 attend v.参加 attendance n.出席; attendant n.服务员 5 serious adj.严肃的 seriously adv.严肃地; seriousness n.严肃 6 strength n.优势 strong adj.强壮的; strengthen v.加强 7 interest n.兴趣 interesting adj.有趣的; interested adj.感兴趣的 8 difference n.差异 different adj.不同的; differ v.不同 9 honest adj.坦诚的 honestly adv.坦诚地; honesty n.诚实 10 friend n.朋友 friendship n.友谊; friendly adj.友好的 11 care v.关心 careful adj.小心的; careless adj.粗心的 12 expect v.预料 expectation n.期待; expected adj.预期的 第三部分：梯度复现与多题型练习 题型1：英汉互译（20题） 乐思英语 ·语境串记单词 6/12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 子题A：英译中（12个） 1. compare → __________ 2. outgoing → __________ 3. personality → __________ 4. serious → __________ 5. hard-working → __________ 6. strength → __________ 7. appearance → __________ 8. flute → __________ 9. prize → __________ 10. honest → __________ 11. friendship → __________ 12. mirror → __________ 子题B：中译英（8个） 1. 害羞的 → __________ 2. 懒惰的 → __________ 3. 大声的 → __________ 4. 苗条的 → __________ 5. 小说 → __________ 6. 幽默 → __________ 7. 事实 → __________ 8. 人口 → __________ 【答案与解析】 子题A（英译中）： 1. compare — 比较；对比 2. outgoing — 外向的 3. personality — 性格；个性 4. serious — 严肃的；严重的 5. hard-working — 勤奋的 6. strength — 优势；力量 7. appearance — 外表；露面 8. flute — 长笛 9. prize — 奖；奖励 10. honest — 坦诚的；诚实的 11. friendship — 友谊；友情 12. mirror — 镜子 子题B（中译英）： 1. shy 2. lazy 3. loud 4. slim 5. novel 6. humour 7. fact 8. population 题型2：词形变换（8题） 1. The two cities are ________ (difference) in size and in the weather of the year. 答案：different 解析：句意： 这两座城市在面积和一年的天气上不同。；difference 的形容词 different 表示“不同的”。 2. He shows great ________ (honest) when he returns the lost money to the old man. 答案：honesty 解析：句意： 他把丢的钱还给老人时表现出极大的诚实。；honest 的名词 honesty 表示“诚实”。 3. Be ________ (care) when you cross the busy street near the old school every day. 答案：careful 解析：句意： 每天在老学校旁过繁忙街道时要小心。；care 的形容词 careful 表示“小心的”。 4. The ________ (perform) on the stage plays the flute and wins the big prize. 答案：performer 解析：句意： 台上的表演者吹长笛并赢得大奖。；perform 的名词 performer 表示“表演者”。 5. They ________ (solve) the hard maths problem with a clear and simple way at last. 答案：solved 解析：句意： 他们终于用清楚简单的方法解决了那道数学难题。；solve 的过去式 solved 表示“解决”。 6. Our ________ (attend) at the music class helps us learn the song by heart. 答案：attendance 解析：句意： 我们上音乐课的出勤帮我们熟记这首歌。；attend 的名词 attendance 表示“出席；出勤”。 7. She is ________ (interest) in the old novel and reads it every single night. 答案：interested 解析：句意： 她对那本旧小说感兴趣，每夜都读。；interest 的形容词 interested 表示“感兴趣的”。 8. He ________ (strength) his body by running in the park each early morning. 答案：strengthens 解析：句意： 他每天清晨在公园跑步来增强体魄。；strength 的动词 strengthens 表示“加强；增强”。 题型3：短语填空（6题） 从方框中选择短语，用正确形式填空： have sth in common spare time thanks to by accident care about make a mistake 1. The two good friends ________ and meet at the library after a long school day. 答案：have sth in common 解析：句意： 两个好朋友有共同之处，放学后去图书馆见面。；have sth in common 表示“有共同之处”。 2. In his ________ he reads a short novel and listens to soft music at home. 答案：spare time 解析：句意： 他在空闲时间读短篇小说，在家听轻音乐。；spare time 表示“空闲时间”。 3. ________ his kind teacher, he learns to play the flute and sing a happy song. 答案：thanks to 解析：句意： 多亏好心的老师，他学会吹长笛唱欢快的歌。；thanks to 表示“多亏；由于”。 4. I met my old friend in the park ________ when we both walked the small dog. 答案：by accident 解析：句意： 我在公园偶然遇见老朋友，当时我们都遛小狗。；by accident 表示“偶然；意外地”。 5. We should ________ our family and give them warm help when they need it. 答案：care about 解析：句意： 我们应当关心家人，在他们需要时给予温暖帮助。；care about 表示“关心；在意”。 6. If you ________, do not worry and try the hard work again with a smile. 答案：make a mistake 解析：句意： 如果你犯了错，别担心，带着微笑再试一次。；make a mistake 表示“犯错误”。 题型4：完成句子（5题） 1. 我们比较了两个好朋友的性格。 We ________ the two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. 答案：compare 解析：句意： 我们比较了两个好朋友的性格。；compare 对应“比较”。 2. 他每天在空闲时间读一本短篇小说。 He reads a short novel in his ________ after a long day at the school. 答案：spare time 解析：句意： 他每天在空闲时间读一本短篇小说。；spare time 对应“空闲时间”。 3. 由于他的优势，他在学校演出中赢得一个大奖。 ________ his great strength, he won a big prize at the school show. 答案：thanks to 解析：句意： 由于他的优势，他在学校演出中赢得一个大奖。；thanks to 对应“由于；多亏”。 4. 我们像故事里的王子和贫民一样学到道理。 We learn a good lesson like the ________ and the pauper in the old story. 答案：prince 解析：句意： 我们像故事里的王子和贫民一样学到道理。；prince 对应“王子”。 5. 这座大城市人口多，年平均降雨量很少。 The big city has a large ________ and an average rainfall of little rain. 答案：population 解析：句意： 这座大城市人口多，年平均降雨量很少。；population 对应“人口”。 题型5：句型同义转换（5题） 1. The two friends are not the same in their personality and their quiet way. The two friends are ________ in their personality and their quiet way. 答案： different 解析：句意： 这两个朋友在性格与安静处事方式上不同。；not the same 与 different 同义，均表示“不同的”。 2. He tells the truth and never lies to his close friends at school. He is ________ and never lies to his close friends at school. 答案： honest 解析：句意： 他坦诚待人，从不对校友说谎。；tells the truth 与 honest 同义，均表示“坦诚的”。 3. We look after the small cat that lives near our green garden. We ________ the small cat that lives near our green garden. 答案： care about 解析：句意： 我们关心住在绿园旁的小猫。；look after 与 care about 同义，均表示“关心”。 4. We learn a lesson like the king's son and the poor man in the story. We learn a lesson like the ________ and the pauper in the story. 答案： prince 解析：句意： 我们像故事里王子和穷人一样学到道理。；king's son 与 prince 同义，均表示“王子”。 5. The big city has many people and little rain in a year. The big city has a large ________ and little rain in a year. 答案： population 解析：句意： 这座大城市人口多、年降雨少。；many people 与 large population 同义，均表示“人口多”。 题型6：单句语法填空（8题） 1. We ________ (compare) the two cities and found a big difference last week. 答案：compared 解析：句意： 我们上周比较了两座城市，发现很大差异。；compare 的过去式 compared 表示“比较”。 2. He ________ (expect) a call from his mother and waits by the phone. 答案：expects 解析：句意： 他期待母亲的来电，在电话旁等候。；expect 的第三人称单数 expects 表示“期待”。 3. She is ________ (slim) than the girl we met at the party last night. 答案：slimmer 解析：句意： 她比我们昨晚在聚会上遇见的女孩更苗条。；slim 的比较级 slimmer 表示“更苗条的”（形容词比较级）。 4. He speaks ________ (loud) in the classroom and the teacher looks at him. 答案：loudly 解析：句意： 他在教室里大声说话，老师看着他。；loud 的副词 loudly 表示“大声地”（形容词→副词）。 5. The pen ________ (lend) to a friend by the boy at noon every day. 答案：is lent 解析：句意： 那支笔每天中午被男孩借给一个朋友。；lend 的被动语态 is lent 表示“被借出”（被动语态；不规则动词）。 6. The teacher gives ________ (we) a book about friendship in the quiet room. 答案：us 解析：句意： 老师在安静的房间里给我们一本关于友谊的书。；we 的宾格 us 表示“我们”（代词格变化）。 7. He tries ________ (reach) the book on the high shelf with a small step. 答案：to reach 解析：句意： 他试图迈一小步去够高处架子上的书。；reach 的非谓语 to reach 表示“伸手够取”（非谓语动词）。 8. They ________ (exchange) their books in the library after the long class yesterday. 答案：exchanged 解析：句意： 他们昨天课后在图书馆交换了书。；exchange 的过去式 exchanged 表示“交换”。 题型7：阅读理解（词汇复现） We compare two good friends and see a big difference in their personality. One is outgoing and loud, the other is shy and a little lazy. My serious friend is hard-working and slim, and he has a good appearance. We have sth in common: we both attend the music class and he can perform on the flute. thanks to his strength, he won a prize at the show. besides study, in his spare time he reads a novel with great interest. He is straightforward and honest, and he gives his opinion in a direct way. We are close and our friendship is strong. Every morning he looks in the mirror and smiles with a sense of humour. If I make a mistake, he does not laugh; the similarity in our character helps us care about each other. I expect he will reach for the small torch and lend it to me by accident when the light is poor. We exchange our books in a strange situation. Like the prince and the pauper in the old story, we learn a lesson. There is a silver lining after every hard day, and we feel happy at the fact. The two cities are alike in some ways. One city has a large population and an average rainfall of nine hundred mm per year. The other is pleasant with less rain and more sun. We give our congratulation to the winner of the city contest. He can play well and solve hard problems with a clear mind. 1. Where do the two friends see a big difference? A. In their personality. B. In their school. C. In their city. D. In their family. 2. What do they do in their spare time? A. They swim. B. They run. C. They read a novel. D. They sing. 3. What do the two friends both do? A. They swim. B. They attend the music class. C. They sing. D. They run. 4. Where do they exchange their books? A. In the park. B. At home. C. In the library. D. In a strange situation. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. To teach math. B. To describe two friends and their personalities. C. To talk about space. D. To describe a movie. 【答案与解析】 1. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。答案 A。原文第一段写道：“We compare two good friends and see a big difference in their personality”，可知差异在性格上，对应 A 项。 2. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。答案 C。原文第一段写道：“in his spare time he reads a novel”，可知他在空闲时间读小说，对应 C 项。 3. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。答案 B。原文第一段写道：“we both attend the music class”，可知两人都上音乐课，对应 B 项。 4. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。答案 D。原文第二段写道：“We exchange our books in a strange situation”，可知他们在奇怪的情况下交换书，对应 D 项。 5. 答案：B 解析：主旨大意题。答案 B。全文介绍两个好友及其性格特点，对应 B 项。 第四部分：关联拓展与循环巩固 A. 词汇网络图（话题：Know Yourself） 类别 词汇 同义词 / 近义 相关词 / 话题 行为动词 描述词 短语 / 搭配 答案： 同义词 / 近义 ⇥ outgoing – lively; serious – stern; honest – truthful; strength – power 相关词 / 话题 ⇥ friend, personality, character, friendship, mirror, novel, flute, prize, city, population 行为动词 ⇥ compare, attend, perform, solve, exchange, reach for, lend, care about, expect, make a mistake 描述词 ⇥ outgoing, shy, lazy, loud, serious, hard-working, slim, straightforward, honest, direct, pleasant 短语 / 搭配 ⇥ have sth in common, spare time, thanks to, by accident, care about, silver lining, make a mistake B. 易混词辨析（3组，每组2小题） 第1组：lend / borrow (1) He ________ his pen to a friend and got it back at noon after class. (2) I ________ a book from the school library every single week with a card. 答案：(1) lend 解析：(1) 句意：他把笔借给朋友，中午课后拿了回来；lend 为动词，表示“借出”。 答案：(2) borrow 解析：(2) 句意：我每周凭卡从学校图书馆借一本书；borrow 为动词，表示“借入”。 第2组：personality / character (1) We see a big difference in their ________ when we talk with the two boys. (2) Like the ________ in the old story, the pauper learns a hard lesson at last. 答案：(1) personality 解析：(1) 句意：和这两个男孩交谈时我们看到他们性格上的大差异；personality 为名词，表示“性格；个性”。 答案：(2) character 解析：(2) 句意：像老故事里的那个角色，贫民最终学到沉重的一课；character 为名词，表示“人物；个性”。 第3组：straightforward / direct (1) He is a ________ boy who tells the truth and never lies to his friends. (2) She gave her ________ answer in a clear and simple way without any fear. 答案：(1) straightforward 解析：(1) 句意：他是个坦率的男孩，说真话从不对朋友撒谎；straightforward 为形容词，表示“坦率的；简单的”。 答案：(2) direct 解析：(2) 句意：她以清楚简单、毫无畏惧的方式给出直率的回答；direct 为形容词，表示“率直的；直接的”。 C. 跨单元微循环（8题，复习上一单元词汇：八年级上册 Unit 2 Home Sweet Home） We ________ (收拾) our bags and go to the new flat near the quiet and green park. 答案： pack 解析：句意： 我们收拾行李，去绿园旁安静的新公寓；pack 意为“收拾；打包”。 They ________ (邀请) their friends to a warm party in the garden on Sunday. 答案： invite 解析：句意： 他们邀请朋友周日来花园里参加温馨聚会；invite 意为“邀请”。 I ________ (借) a book from the school library every single week with a card. 答案： borrow 解析：句意： 我每周凭卡从学校图书馆借一本书；borrow 意为“借入”。 We ________ (计划) a trip to the old town with our class next month at school. 答案： plan 解析：句意： 我们计划下月与全班去古城旅行；plan 意为“计划；方案”。 The happy children ________ (搜寻) for treasure in the small park near home. 答案： hunt 解析：句意： 快乐的孩子在家旁小公园里搜寻宝物；hunt 意为“搜寻；打猎”。 This small place is ________ (熟悉的) to the new student from the big city. 答案： familiar 解析：句意： 这小地方对来自大城市的新同学很熟悉；familiar 意为“熟悉的”。 Please ________ (描述) the clean room for the school paper in a few words. 答案： describe 解析：句意： 请为学校小报用几句话描述干净的房间；describe 意为“描述”。 We ________ (装饰) the white wall with bright flowers in the living room. 答案： decorate 解析：句意： 我们用鲜花装饰客厅的白墙；decorate 意为“装饰”。 第五部分：单元完整词汇表（Unit 3 Know Yourself，共72词） 序号 单词 词性 中文释义 默写 1 compare v. 比较；对比 2 shy adj. 害羞的 3 lazy adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 4 loud adv. 响亮地 adj. 大声的 5 outgoing adj. 外向的 6 hard - working adj. 勤奋的 7 perform v. 表演；执行 8 solve v. 解决；解答 9 flute n. 长笛 10 congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 11 Congratulations (on...)! （对……）表示祝贺！ 12 prize n. 奖；奖励 13 attend v. 参加；出席 14 as... as... 像……一样…… 15 besides prep. 除……之外（还）adv. 而且 16 spare adj. 空闲的；备用的v. 抽出；拨出 17 spare time 空闲时间 18 pleasure n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸 19 have sth in common 有共同之处 20 appearance n. 外表；露面 21 personality n. 性格；个性 22 serious adj. 严肃的；严重的 23 strength n. 优势；力量 24 fact n. 事实；现实 25 slim adj. 苗条的；薄的 26 population n. 人口 27 km abbr. 千米；公里(= kilometre) 28 average adj. 平均的；平常的 29 rainfall n. 降雨量 30 per prep. 每 31 mm abbr. 毫米(= millimetre) 32 pleasant adj. 宜人的；友好的 33 alike adj. 相像的 adv. 相似地 34 mirror n. 镜子 35 interest n. 业余爱好；兴趣 36 novel n. 小说 37 difference n. 差异 38 sense n. 理解 39 humour n. 幽默(= humor) 40 thanks to 归功于；由于；因为 41 less adj. 较少的；更少的adv.较少地；更少地pron. 较少；更少 42 straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的 43 opinion n. 看法；意见 44 make a mistake 犯错误 45 honest adj. 坦诚的；诚实的 46 direct adj. 率直的；直接的 47 similarity n. 相似之处 48 friendship n. 友谊；友情 49 metre n. 米(= meter) 50 prince n. 王子 51 character n. 人物；个性 52 pauper n. 贫民；乞丐 53 exchange v. & n. 交换 54 accident n. 意外；（交通）事故 55 by accident 偶然；意外地 56 expect v. 预料；期待 57 silver adj. 银色的 n. 银 58 silver lining 一线光明 59 situation n. 情况；状况 60 care about 关心；担心 61 reach v. 伸手；达到 62 reach for 伸手够取 63 torch n. 烛； 电筒 64 lend…a hand 帮助（某人） 65 Julie 朱莉 66 Matt 马特 67 Stephen 斯蒂芬 68 Diana 戴安娜 69 Edward 爱德华 70 Mark Twain 马克·吐温 71 Rose 罗斯 72 Chicago 芝加哥（美国城市） 第六部分：单元“顽固词库” 请把你反复记不住的单词及错因填写在下表中，便于循环巩固： 序号 单词 词性 错因 / 备注 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 $