Unit 6 Pollution 语法选择（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“人与自然——环境污染与绿色环保行动”为主题，通过梯度化短文语境系统训练初中核心语法，实现语言能力与环保意识的融合提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇短文（每题10空）|基础语法在环保语境中的直接应用，如比较级修饰（much easier）、时态（has brought）、冠词（the whole world）|核心语法点（形容词比较级、现在完成时、定冠词）通过重复语境强化理解与应用| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|5篇短文（每题10空）|复杂环保情境下的语法综合运用，如被动语态（is caused）、非谓语动词（stop from doing）、连词（if条件句）|语法点从单一应用向综合迁移过渡，培养语境分析与逻辑推断能力|

Unit 6 Pollution 语法选择题型专练（话题：人与自然——环境污染与绿色环保行动） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Passage 1 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it 2 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is 10 home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population at the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．will bring B．has brought C．brought 3．A．can B．will C．might 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．thing’s C．things 7．A．become B．becomes C．to become 8．A．to burn B．burned C．burning 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．we B．our C．ours 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着现代交通和通讯的发展，世界变小、生活变容易的同时，也带来了污染这一最大新问题，许多国家正制定规则应对，强调地球是人类家园，需保持环境清洁并关注人口增长。 【详解】1．句意：如今的生活比数百年前容易得多，但它已经带来新的问题。 more更；much非常；less较少。根据“... easier than”可知，此处需要修饰形容词比较级easier，much可以加强比较级的程度，表示“容易得多”。故选B。 2．句意：如今的生活比数百年前容易得多，但它已经带来新的问题。 will bring将带来；has brought已经带来；brought带来（过去式）。根据“it ... new problems”可知，现代生活带来了新问题，强调对现在的影响，使用现在完成时。故选B。 3．句意：我们能够看到它、闻到它、饮用它甚至听到它。 can能够；will将要；might可能。根据“We ... see it, smell it”可知，此处表示“我们能够看到、闻到…”。故选A。 4．句意：许多年前，问题并不那么严重，因为当时没有这么多人。 so所以；but但是；because因为。根据后文“there were not so many people”可知，是前文“问题不严重”的原因，需用因果连词。故选C。 5．句意：人类正在缓慢地污染整个世界。 a一个（不定冠词）；an一个（元音前）；the定冠词，表示特指。根据“... whole world”可知，特指“整个世界”。故选C。 6．句意：它对世界上所有生物都有害，但污染不止一种。 thing事物（单数）；thing’s事物的（所有格）；things事物（复数）。根据“It’s bad to all living ... in the world”可知，指“所有生物”，需用复数形式。故选C。 7．句意：噪音污染使我们变得更容易愤怒。 become变得（原形）；becomes 变得（三单）；to become变得（不定式）。根据“Noise pollution makes us ...”可知，此处表示“噪音污染使我们……”，make sb. do sth.是固定结构，用动词原形。故选A。 8．句意：它们阻止人们在城市房屋和工厂中燃烧煤炭，并阻止向空气中排放污浊烟雾。 to burn燃烧（不定式）；burned燃烧（过去式）；burning燃烧（动名词）。根据“They stop people from ...”可知，此处表示“阻止人们……”，stop sb. from doing sth.是固定搭配，需用动名词。故选C。 9．句意：它由密集的交通引起。 is caused被引起（现在被动）；was caused被引起（过去被动）；will cause将引起。根据“It ... by heavy traffic.”可知，描述客观事实“二氧化硫污染由交通导致”，用一般现在时被动语态。故选A。 10．句意：地球是我们的家园。 we我们；our我们的；ours我们的（名词性物主代词）。根据“The earth is ... home.”可知，需要形容词性物主代词修饰“home”。故选B。 Passage 2 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the 2 is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population 10 the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．big B．bigger C．biggest 3．A．can B．must C．will 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．things C．thing’s 7．A．become B．to become C．becomes 8．A．to burn B．burning C．burned 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．in B．during C．at 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文简要地介绍了世界上的污染问题，重点介绍了空气污染对人类社会的危害。 【详解】1．句意：今天的生活比几百年前容易多了，但它也带来了新的问题。 more更多；much许多；less更少。根据“Life today is...easier than”可知，空处修饰比较级easier，应用much，表示“今天的生活比几百年前容易多了”。故选B。 2．句意：最大的问题之一是污染。 big大的；bigger大的，比较级；biggest最大的，最高级。根据“One of the”可知，是最大的问题，应用最高级。故选C。 3．句意：我们可以看到它，闻到它，喝到它，甚至听到它。 can能；must必须；will将。根据“Pollution comes in many ways.”可知，此处表示我们可以看到污染，故选A。 4．句意：许多年前，这个问题没有那么严重，因为没有那么多人。 so因此；but但是；because因为。根据“the problem was not so serious… there were not so many people”可知，前后句是因果关系，前果后因，故选C。 5．句意：人类正在慢慢污染整个世界。 a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指。根据“whole world”可知，是整个世界。the whole world表示“整个世界”，用the表示特指，故选C。 6．句意：它对世界上所有的生物都是有害的，但并不是只有一种污染。 thing事情，单数名词；things事情，复数；thing’s事情的，名词所有格。根据“all”可知，是指所有的生物，应用复数名词，故选B。 7．句意：噪音污染使我们更容易生气。 become动词原形或过去分词；to become动词不定式；becomes动词三单。根据“makes us”可知，make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，为固定短语，故选A。 8．句意：他们阻止人们在城市的房子和工厂里烧煤，也阻止人们向空气中排放脏烟。 to burn动词不定式；burning动名词/现在分词；burned动词过去式或过去分词。根据“from”可知，from是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故选B。 9． 句意：这是由繁忙的交通造成的。 is caused一般现在时的被动语态；was caused一般过去时的被动语态；will cause一般将来时。分析题干可知，it指代二氧化硫污染，和cause之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。 10．句意：与此同时，我们必须注意人口的增长。 in在……里；during在……期间；at在。根据“the same time”可知，at the same time“与此同时”，为固定短语，故选C。 Passage 3 It’s very important for us to recycle. In nature, everything 1 again. For example, when an animal dies, it becomes 2 animal’s food. Nothing is wasted. But humans have created things like plastic bags 3 can’t be broken down by nature. Our rubbish kills animals and 4 water and soil. 5 we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. If nature can’t reuse the rubbish, we must recycle 6 . We should clean up the rubbish we’ve made because nature can’t. Recycling is also the right thing to do for another reason. The earth is rich in natural materials like water and trees, 7 these materials are not endless. We use up our natural materials much 8 than the earth is able to reproduce them. For example, each year we cut 9 more than 6, 000 square miles of forest. But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree 10 . 1．A．use B．used C．is used 2．A．another B．other C．others 3．A．who B．which C．what 4．A．pollutes B．polluted C．polluting 5．A．When B．Whether C．If 6．A．itself B．its C．it 7．A．but B．or C．and 8．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 9．A．out B．down C．up 10．A．grows B．growing C．to grow 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了回收的重要性以及人类对自然资源过度消耗所带来的问题。 【详解】1．句意：在自然界中，一切都被再次利用。 use使用，原形；used过去式；is used被动语态。此处主语是“everything”与“使用”之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done。故选C。 2．句意：例如，当一只动物死去时，它就变成了另一只动物的食物。 another另一个（三者及以上中的另一个）；other其他的（形容词，修饰名词复数）；others其他人/物。此处表示“变成另一种动物的食物”，因此需用代词“another”来修饰“animal”。故选A。 3．句意：但人类创造了像塑料袋这样的东西，这些东西不能被自然分解。 who谁（引导定语从句，指代人）；which哪一个（引导定语从句，指代物）；what什么，引导宾语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“things like plastic bags”，指物，因此需用“which”来引导。故选B。 4．句意：我们的垃圾会杀死动物，污染水和土壤。 pollutes污染（第三人称单数）；polluted污染（过去式）；polluting污染（现在分词）。主语“Our rubbish”，时态为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式。故选A。 5．句意：如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，问题只会变得更糟。 When当……时；Whether是否；If 如果。此处表示假设条件“如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾”，因此需用“If”来引导条件状语从句。故选C。 6．句意：如果大自然不能重新利用垃圾，我们必须回收它。 itself它自己（反身代词）；its它的（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）；it它（主格/宾格）。根据“If nature can’t reuse the rubbish, we must recycle”可知，此处需用“it”指代“rubbish”作宾语。故选C。 7．句意：地球拥有丰富的自然资源，如水和树木，但这些资源并不是无穷无尽的。 but但是；or或者；and和。此处表示转折关系，因此需用“but”来连接两个分句。故选A。 8．句意：我们消耗自然资源的速度远快于地球能够再生的速度。 fast快（原形）；faster更快（比较级）；fastest最快（最高级）。根据“than”可知，此处表示比较级，需用“faster”。故选B。 9．句意：例如，我们每年砍伐超过6000平方英里的森林。 out出去；down向下；up向上。此处表示“砍伐森林”，通常用“cut down”来表示，故选B。 10．句意：但一棵新树平均需要25年才能长成。 grows生长（第三人称单数）；growing生长（现在分词）；to grow生长（不定式）。此处是“It takes some time to do sth.”的结构，表示“花费时间做某事”，因此需用不定式“to grow”。故选C。 Passage 4 March 22nd is World Water Day. It 1 in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance 2 water, but also calls on (号召) us to save and protect water. Because the waste water hurts our planet 3 . And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is “waste water”. What is waste water? It is used water. Usually, waste water comes from 4 , homes, hospitals and so on. People produce waste water in different kinds of activities, including washing 5 machines, taking showers and using the kitchens. Wherever it comes from, this kind of water is sure 6 something harmful in it. Why must we deal with waste water? Waste water is 7 to our life. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for 8 environment and our own health.    How can we treat waste water? For many years, people have been working hard to solve the problem. We have learned 9 different kinds of waste water need different ways of treatment. Waste water from homes can 10 . Then there will be less waste water. 1．A．starts B．started C．will start 2．A．in B．to C．of 3．A．seriousness B．seriously C．serious 4．A．factory B．factory’s C．factories 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．have B．to have C．has 7．A．harmful B．harm C．harms 8．A．we B．us C．our 9．A．that B．what C．which 10．A．be reused B．reused C．reuse 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍什么是废水、废水的危害以及治理方式。 【详解】1．句意：它始于1993年。 starts开始，三单形式；started开始，过去式形式；will start将开始，一般将来时。根据“in 1993”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故选B。 2．句意：它不仅让我们思考水的重要性，还呼吁我们节约和保护水资源。 in在……里面；to到；of……的。the importance of…“……的重要性”，固定词组。故选C。 3．句意：因为废水严重伤害了我们的星球。 seriousness严重；seriously严重地；serious严重的。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词修饰动词hurts。故选B。 4．句意：通常，废水来自工厂、家庭、医院等。 factory工厂，单数形式；factory’s工厂的，所有格形式；factories工厂，复数形式。根据空后的“homes, hospitals and so on”可知，此处用名词复数形式，作宾语。故选C。 5．句意：人们在不同的活动中产生废水，包括洗机器、淋浴和使用厨房。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指。根据语境可知，此处表示特指的含义，用定冠词the。故选C。 6．句意：无论它来自哪里，这种水肯定含有有害物质。 have有，动词原形；to have有，不定式；has有，三单形式。be sure to do sth.“必定做某事”，固定词组。故选B。 7．句意：废水对我们的生活有害。 harmful有害的；harm伤害，名词或动词；harms伤害，名词复数或三单形式。be harmful to…“对……有害”，固定词组。故选A。 8．句意：我们必须关心我们的环境和我们自己的健康。 we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据空后的“environment”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词形式。故选C。 9．句意：我们了解到，不同种类的废水需要不同的处理方法。 that，引导宾语从句，无具体词义；what什么；which哪一个。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句为宾语从句，空处在从句中不充当成分，that符合。故选A。 10．句意：家庭废水可以重复使用。 be reused，被动语态；reused再生的；reuse重复使用。根据空前的“can”可知，此处为动词原形；句子主语与谓语为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处用被动语态。故选A。 Passage 5 Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution”? It’s a kind of serious environmental problem. The white color usually refers to 1 clear and clean in daily life. 2 white pollution is very harmful. White pollution 3 more and more serious because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and thin plastic bags. They’re easy to use and have already become 4 part of our daily life. When people order takeout, it 5 comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products 6 their convenience. Now, white pollution has become a big problem. White pollution affects the environment mainly in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste 7 everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite 8 . On the other hand, plastic waste can stay for 9 , resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause many illnesses. What’s worse, animals may die after eating plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the water. And it’s hard 10 the problem. Now everyone should help reduce white pollution and recycle plastic waste. 1．A．something B．anything C．nothing 2．A．And B．But C．So 3．A．is becoming B．was becoming C．will become 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．never B．seldom C．usually 6．A．to B．by C．for 7．A．be seen B．is seen C．has seen 8．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest 9．A．century B．centuries C．century’s 10．A．solve B．to solve C．solving 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了“白色污染”的问题，并号召人们减少使用塑料制品。 【详解】1．句意：在日常生活中，白色通常指清澈干净的东西。 something某些事；anything任何事；nothing没有什么。 根据“clear and clean in daily life.”可知，设空处指的日常生活中，白色指的是某些清澈干净的东西。故选A。 2．句意：但是白色污染是非常有害的。 And和；But但是；So因此。根据“white pollution is very harmful.”可知，后文语境发生了转折，but符合题意，故选B。 3．句意：由于一次性塑料餐具和薄塑料袋的使用，白色污染越来越严重。 is becoming变得，现在进行时；was becoming变得，过去进行时；will become变得，一般将来时。根据“more and more serious”可知，这里描述现在正在进行的动作，指的白色污染正变得越来越严重，故选A。 4．句意：它们很容易使用，已经成为我们日常生活的一部分。 a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。根据“part”可知，这是可数名词单词，泛指生活中的一部分，且该词是辅音音素开头的单词，故选A。 5．句意：当人们点外卖时，通常会有一次性塑料盒。 never从不；seldom很少；usually通常。根据“When people order takeout,”以及常识，点外卖“通常”会用一次性的塑料盒子。故选C。 6．句意：为了方便，人们使用了太多的塑料制品。 to到；by被；for为了。根据“their convenience.”可知，人们是“为了”方便才使用塑料制品。故选C。 7．句意：一方面，塑料垃圾在自然环境中随处可见。 be seen见，用于情态动词的被动语态中；is seen见，用于一般现在时的被动语态；has seen见，用于现在完成时。根据“plastic waste”可知，与谓语动词存在被动关系，指的是被人们看见，该句陈述事实，为一般现在时。故选B。 8．句意：它使城市、城镇、丘陵和湖泊相当脏。 dirty脏的； dirtier更脏的；dirtiest最脏的。根据“It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite”可知，应该说塑料垃圾使城市、城镇、丘陵和湖泊相当脏。故选A。 9．句意：另一方面，塑料垃圾可以停留几个世纪，造成土壤污染和水污染。 century世纪，名词单数；centuries世纪，名词复数；century’s世纪的，名词所有格。根据“for”并结合常识可知，设空处后填一段时间，指的是可以停留几个世纪。故选B。 10．句意：这个问题很难解决。 solve解决；to solve解决，不定式；solving解决，动名词或现在分词。根据“And it’s hard”可知，考查it is adj to do sth“做某事是……的”，因此设空处填不定式。故选B。 Passage 6 Nowadays, the pollution is getting heavier and heavier around the world. Among all kinds of pollution, white pollution is 1 . If we don’t stop using plastic bags and boxes or make a change, the white pollution 2 worse and worse. Luckily, Ashwath Hegde, 3 Indian man decided to do something to save the world. When he was young, he saw lots of plastic waste everywhere. And some animals died 4 they ate the plastic waste. He wanted to know 5 kind of plastic bag is good for the environment. In 2012, he set up a team 6 a kind of green plastic bag. They tried many kinds of materials and did lots of experiments. Four years later, the green plastic bag 7 at last. This kind of plastic bag was different from other plastic bags because it would not pollute 8 environment. And people could even eat or drink it. Although they were much more expensive, they were so green that people could throw them 9 without worrying about the environment. Ashwath Hegde won many prizes for his brave and great work to help save the environment. And he founded a company called EnviGreen. 10 great the man was! If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved. 1．A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious 2．A．is B．will be C．was 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．because B．so C．though 5．A．when B．what C．where 6．A．develop B．to develop C．developing 7．A．invented B．is invented C．was invented 8．A．our B．ours C．ourselves 9．A．of B．into C．away 10．A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了当今社会污染严重的现状，并介绍了印度人Ashwath Hegde为环保而做出的贡献。 1．句意：在各种污染中，白色污染最为严重。 serious严重的；more serious更严重的；the most serious最严重的。根据“Among all kinds of pollution”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，填形容词最高级。故选C。 2．句意：如果我们不停止使用塑料袋和盒子或做出改变，白色污染会越来越严重。 is是，一般现在时；will be是，一般将来时；was是，一般过去时。根据“If we don’t stop using plastic bags and boxes or make a change, the white pollution ”可知，这是if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时。故选B。 3．句意：幸运的是，印度人Ashwath Hegde决定做些事情来拯救世界。 a一，泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一，泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。根据“Indian man”可知，此处泛指一个人，“Indian”为元音音素开头的单词。故选B。 4．句意：一些动物因为吃了塑料垃圾而死亡。 because因为；so因此；though尽管。根据“they ate the plastic waste”可知，后文解释了原因，填because“因为”。故选A。 5．句意：他想知道什么样的塑料袋对环境有益。 when当……时；what什么；where哪里。根据“kind of plastic bag is good for the environment”可知，应说想知道什么样的塑料袋对环境有益。故选B。 6．句意：2012年，他成立了一个团队，开发一种绿色塑料袋。 develop开发，动词原形；to develop开发，动词不定式；developing开发，动名词。根据“a kind of green plastic bag.”可知，是为了开发一种绿色塑料袋。此处为目的状语，填不定式，故选B。 7．句意：四年后，绿色塑料袋终于发明了。 invented发明，过去式；is invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Four years later, the green plastic bag”可知，应说四年后，绿色塑料袋终于被发明了，填一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 8．句意：这种塑料袋不同于其他塑料袋，因为它不会污染我们的环境。 our我们的；ours我们的；ourselves我们自己。根据“because it would not pollute”以及“environment”可知，应说不会污染我们的环境，设空处后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，故选A。 9．句意：虽然它们要贵得多，但它们是如此的环保，以至于人们可以扔掉它们而不用担心环境。 of……的；into进入；away远离。根据“throw them”可知，是说扔掉它们而不用担心污染环境，throw away“扔掉”。故选C。 10．句意：这个人多么伟大啊！ How引导感叹句，中心词为形容词或副词；What引导感叹句，中心词是不可数名词或复数；What a引导感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词。分析句子，可知该句是感叹句，设空处后是形容词“great”，How+形容词/副词+ 主谓。故选A。 Passage 7 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it 2 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population 10 the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．will bring B．brought C．has brought 3．A．can B．will C．might 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．thing’s C．things 7．A．becomes B．become C．to become 8．A．to burn B．burned C．burning 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．in B．during C．at 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文简要地介绍了世界上的污染问题，重点介绍了空气污染对人类社会的危害。 【详解】1．句意：今天的生活比几百年前容易多了，但它也带来了新的问题。 more更多；much许多；less更少。根据“Life today is...easier than”可知，空处修饰比较级easier，应用much，表示“今天的生活比几百年前容易多了”。故选B。 2．句意：今天的生活比几百年前容易多了，但它也带来了新的问题。 will bring一般将来时；brought一般过去时；has brought现在完成时。根据语境可知，如今的生活很容易，但是却带来了新的问题，应用现在完成时表示结果，故选C。 3．句意：我们可以看到它，闻到它，喝到它，甚至听到它。 can能；will将；might可能。根据“Pollution comes in many ways.”可知，此处表示我们可以看到污染，故选A。 4．句意：许多年前，这个问题没有那么严重，因为没有那么多人。 so因此；but但是；because因为。前后句是因果关系，前果后因，故选C。 5．句意：人类正在慢慢污染整个世界。 a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指。the whole world表示“整个世界”，用the表示特指，故选C。 6．句意：它对世界上所有的生物都是有害的，但并不是只有一种污染。 thing事情，单数名词；thing’s形式有误；things事情，复数。根据“all”可知，是指所有的生物，应用复数名词，故选C。 7．句意：噪音污染使我们更容易生气。 becomes动词三单；become动词原形或过去分词；to become动词不定式。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，为固定短语，故选B。 8．句意：他们阻止人们在城市的房子和工厂里烧煤，也阻止人们向空气中排放脏烟。 to burn动词不定式；burned动词过去式或过去分词；burning动名词/现在分词。from是介词，后跟动名词作宾语，故选C。 9．句意：这是由繁忙的交通造成的。 is caused一般现在时的被动语态；was caused一般过去时的被动语态；will cause一般将来时。分析题干可知，it指代二氧化硫污染，和cause之间是被动关系，句子是一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。 10．句意：与此同时，我们必须注意人口的增长。 in在……里；during在……期间；at在。at the same time“与此同时”，为固定短语，故选C。 Passage 8 People around the world are worried about pollution. More attention 1 paid to the protection of the environment these days. A new recycling system 2 set up in our city last year. If it works well, more plastic waste 3 turned into useful things. Parents 4 not to drive their children to school every day. I believe the air will become cleaner 5 we all take action. Sophie’s story shows that young people can make a difference. The camera on her ROV has three kinds of light, which make plastic 6 out from the sand and plant life. Sophie says that getting her robot to move through water was not easy, and that she 7 many times. However, she never gave up. “The problem 8 solved if we keep trying,” she said. “More beaches 9 cleaned up by volunteers next year.” Her love for the beach and her passion for the environment have grown and blossomed. She hopes her ROV 10 widely used in the future. 1．A．was B．will be C．is 2．A．is B．was C．will be 3．A．is B．was C．will be 4．A．are asked B．ask C．asked 5．A．because B．if C．unless 6．A．standing B．stand C．stood 7．A．was failed B．fails C．failed 8．A．is B．will be C．was 9．A．were B．will be C．are 10．A．will be B．is C．was 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了全球关注环境污染，城市建立回收系统，以及 Sophie 利用机器人清理海滩塑料的故事，展示了环保行动。 【详解】1．句意：如今人们越来越重视环境保护。 these days意为“如今”，常用于一般现在时；主语attention和pay之间是被动关系，attention为不可数名词，be动词使用is。was用于一般过去时，will be用于一般将来时，均不符合时态。 2．句意：一套新的回收系统去年在我们城市建立。 last year意为“去年”，时态为一般过去时；system和set up是被动关系，主语为单数，be动词用was。is为一般现在时，will be为一般将来时，均不符合时态要求。 3．句意：如果它运作良好，更多塑料垃圾将会被转化成有用的物品。 if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”；主句使用一般将来时，waste和turn into构成被动关系，应用will be。is是一般现在时被动语态，was是一般过去时被动语态，不符合时态要求。 4．句意：家长们被要求不要每天开车送孩子上学。 parents和ask之间是被动关系，表示“被要求”，使用一般现在时被动语态are asked。ask、asked为主动形式，不符合逻辑。 5．句意：我相信如果我们所有人都采取行动，空气将会变得更加洁净。 if意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。because“因为”，unless“除非”，语义不通。 6．句意：她的ROV上的摄像头有三种光源，能够使塑料从沙子和植物中凸显出来。 固定搭配make sth. do sth.，动词使用原形stand。standing是现在分词，stood是过去式。 7．句意：Sophie说让机器人在水中移动并不容易，她失败了很多次。 事情发生在过去，时态为一般过去时，使用failed。was failed为错误被动形式，fails是一般现在时。 8．句意：“如果我们不断尝试，问题将会被解决。”她说。 if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句使用一般将来时被动语态will be。is是一般现在时，was是一般过去时，不符合时态要求。 9．句意：明年更多海滩将会被志愿者清理干净。 next year意为“明年”，时态为一般将来时；beaches和clean up是被动关系，使用will be。were是一般过去时，are是一般现在时，不符合时态要求。 10．句意：她希望她的ROV在未来被广泛使用。 in the future意为“将来”，时态为一般将来时，使用will be。is是一般现在时，was是一般过去时，不符合语境。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 A British teacher made a special decision: she left her job to make sweaters for penguins in Antarctica. Her story has become popular online. This 1 sound strange, but it’s true. She’s helping penguins influenced by oil spills (泄露). Years ago, a large oil spill near Phillip Island, Australia 2 many baby penguins to die. When penguins get oil on their feathers (羽毛), they lose 3 ability to stay warm and swim smoothly. They often try to clean the oil, but this puts them in danger. 4 the penguins, the Penguin Foundation calls on people to make special wool (毛) sweaters. These sweaters keep penguins warm and stop them 5 eating the oil. In 2001, this method saved 438 baby penguins after 6 oil spill. Over the past 20 years, people from all over the world have sent 7 than 200,000 sweaters for the penguins! Some people think the sweaters might make penguins too hot. But the sweaters are only put on the penguins for a short time, 8 people can help them clean the oil. Sweaters that don’t fit well 9 into toy penguins. Money from selling these toys helps protect other wildlife on Phillip Island. This 10 idea really shows how small acts of kindness can make a big difference! 1．A．might B．need C．should 2．A．will cause B．caused C．causes 3．A．they B．them C．their 4．A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 5．A．from B．with C．in 6．A．a B．an C．/ 7．A．more B．many C．the most 8．A．although B．but C．until 9．A．made B．are making C．are made 10．A．create B．creative C．creativity 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了一位英国教师辞职为受石油泄漏影响的企鹅织毛衣的故事，展示了小小的善举也能产生巨大影响。 【详解】1．句意：这听起来可能很奇怪，但这是真的。 根据“but it’s true”可知，此处表示推测语气，might“也许，可能”符合语境。need需要，should应该均语义不符。 2．句意：多年前，澳大利亚菲利普岛附近的一次大型石油泄漏导致许多企鹅宝宝死亡。 根据时间状语“Years ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，caused符合时态；will cause一般将来时，causes一般现在时均语法不符。 3．句意：当企鹅羽毛沾上油时，它们失去保持温暖和顺畅游泳的能力。 此处修饰名词ability，需用形容词性物主代词their；they主格，them宾格均语法不符。 4．句意：为了保护企鹅，企鹅基金会呼吁人们制作特殊的羊毛衫。 此处位于句首，表示目的，应该用动词不定式，To protect符合逻辑；Protect动词原形、Protecting动名词均不能作目的状语。 5．句意：毛衣能保暖，还能防止企鹅吞食油污。 stop sb from doing sth是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，介词from为固定搭配；with、in不适用该短语。 6．句意：2001年，这种方法在一次石油泄漏事故后拯救了438只企鹅宝宝。 oil 以元音音素开头，且此处泛指一次泄漏，用不定冠词an；a用于辅音音素单词前，零冠词不符合单数名词用法。 7．句意：在过去的20多年里，世界各地的人们已经发送了超过20万件毛衣！ 固定搭配more than意为“超过”；many不能和than连用，the most是最高级，此处无比较对象，均语法不符。 8．句意：毛衣只给企鹅穿很短时间，直到人们能帮它们清理油污。 穿毛衣的状态持续到清理油污时结束，until“直到……”符合逻辑；although虽然，but但是逻辑不符。 9．句意：不合身的毛衣被做成玩具企鹅。 主语Sweaters与make之间是被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，are made符合语法；made缺少be动词，are making主动语态均语法不符。 10．句意：这个创造性的想法真的展示了小小的善举能产生巨大影响！ 此处是形容词修饰名词idea，creative“有创意的”符合；create创造，creativity创造力均词性不符。 Passage 2 In a small town near a forest lived a girl named Lily. Her mother, a forest keeper, often told 1 , “Every tree has a role in nature.” Lily nodded, but she didn’t fully understand its 2 . One weekend, Lily and her mother joined in 3 tree-planting activity. Lily asked, “Why do we plant so many trees?” Her mother replied, “Trees can clean the air, provide homes for animals, and prevent soil loss.” And she taught Lily 4 to water young trees to keep the soil wet. Later, Lily noticed some branches under a tree. She reached for a stick 5 them away, but her mother stopped her. “These branches provide homes for small animals. When they turn into part of the earth, the soil 6 by them,” her mother explained. 7 the sun went down, they passed an old windmill (风车) . “Years ago, people cut down trees 8 wood. Without tree roots, rain washed the land away,” her mother said. Now, the town uses windmills to produce electricity and replants trees. New trees will make the town 9 than before. That night, Lily 10 in her diary: Protecting nature isn’t just about planting trees. It’s about learning to live as part of it. 1．A．she B．her C．hers 9．A．mean B．meaning C．meaningful 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．why B．how C．what 5．A．throw B．throwing C．to throw 6．A．feed B．is feeding C．is fed 7．A．As B．Until C．Since 8．A．under B．about C．for 9．A．green B．greener C．greenest 10．A．wrote B．writes C．will write 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 9．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了女孩莉莉和作为护林员的母亲参加植树活动的故事。通过母亲的教导，莉莉明白了树木在自然界中的重要作用，并感悟到保护自然就是学会作为自然的一部分去生活。 【详解】1．句意：她的母亲，一位护林员，经常告诉她：“自然界中每棵树都有它的作用。” 根据“told”可知，动词后接代词宾格作宾语her“她”。she“她”，人称代词主格；hers“她的”，名词性物主代词，均不符合。 2．句意：莉莉点点头，但她并没有完全理解它的意思。 空格前its为形容词性物主代词，后需接名词meaning“意思”。mean“打算”，动词；meaningful“有意义的”，形容词，不符合语境。 3．句意：一个周末，莉莉和她的母亲参加了一项植树活动。 根据语境，此处泛指“一项”植树活动，且“tree-planting”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 4．句意：她教莉莉如何给小树浇水以保持土壤湿润。 根据“to water young trees”可知，此处表示教她浇水的方法，即“如何浇水”，用“how+动词不定式”结构，表方式。why“为什么”，表原因；what“什么”，不符合。 5．句意：她伸手去拿一根棍子想把它们挑开，但她母亲阻止了她。 根据语境，拿棍子是为了把树枝挑开，此处用动词不定式“to throw”作目的状语。 6．句意：当它们变成泥土的一部分时，土壤就会被它们滋养。 根据“by them”可知，主语“the soil”与动词“feed”之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态is feed。feed是动词原形，is feeding现在进行时，均不符合语境。 7．句意：当太阳落山时，她们经过了一个旧风车。 此处表示“当太阳落山时”，用As“当……时”引导时间状语从句，Until“直到”，Since“自从/因为”不符合此用法。 8．句意：多年前，人们为了木材砍伐树木。 人们砍树的目的是为了获取木材，用for表示目的。under“在……下面”；about“关于”，不符合语境。 9．句意：新树将使小镇比以前更绿。 根据“than before”可知，此处需用形容词比较级greener“更绿”。green是形容词原形；greenest形容词最高级，均不符合。 10．句意：那天晚上，莉莉在日记中写道：保护自然不仅仅是种树。 根据时间状语“That night”可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时wrote“写”。writes是三单；will write是一般将来时，均不符合。 Passage 3 Michael is called “Guardian (保护神) of migratory birds (候鸟)”. He 1 care of birds for 15 years at the National Nature Reserve (保护区). Michael, from England, started working at 2 reserve in 2007. As the number of migratory birds drops, he helps build a better living environment there for them. The work is harder in winter 3 the temperature falls to about -35℃. Usually he looks after the birdhouse alone during winter. His teammates arrive to help him from early summer to autumn. Michael also cares for wounded birds. They are usually 4 wounded because of accidents or being attacked (攻击) by other birds. Some of them 5 by local villagers and sent to the reserve. He looks after them with great patience. Every day he makes sure 6 the birds have the ability to fly or not. He feels pleased every time he sees the birds fly again. Because of his hard work, Michael has had many 7 and plenty of knowledge about birds. Now, he holds volunteer training, bird-watching trips and simple science talks 8 more people understand the importance of migratory birds. 9 team also makes an online project to see where migratory birds are moving in real time. Michael’s job is meaningful not only to himself, but also to the birds that 10 die without necessary help. It’s also lovely to hear the wonderful birdsong every morning. 1．A．takes B．took C．has taken 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．when B．though C．so 4．A．badly B．worse C．worst 5．A．found B．are found C．will be found 6．A．that B．how C．whether 7．A．experience B．experiences C．experiences’ 8．A．help B．to help C．helped 9．A．He B．Him C．His 10．A．may B．should C．can 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了迈克尔作为候鸟保护神，在国家自然保护区照顾鸟类15年的工作经历、具体做法及其工作的重要意义。 【详解】1．句意：他在国家自然保护区照顾鸟类已15年。 根据“for 15 years”，可知动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时。根据语境，强调持续的时间长度。A项表示习惯，B项表示过去，均不符合。 2．句意：来自英国的迈克尔，于2007年开始在这个保护区工作。 根据上文提到的“National Nature Reserve”，可知此处表示特指，应用定冠词the，指代前文提及的那个国家自然保护区。 3．句意：当温度降至约-35摄氏度时，冬天的工作更加困难。 根据“The work is harder in winter”与“the temperature falls…”，可知这里表示时间状语，应用when，描述温度降低时的状况。 4．句意：它们通常因事故或遭其他鸟类攻击而严重受伤。 空格后是形容词wounded（受伤的），需要用副词修饰。本句没有比较/最高级的标志，只是描述受伤的程度，用副词badly（严重地）。 5．句意：其中一些被当地村民发现并送到保护区。 本句主语Some of them（指代受伤的鸟）是动作find（发现）的承受者，属于被动语态，结构为be+动词的过去分词。全文主体时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，因此用are found。 6．句意：每天他确保鸟儿们是否有飞行能力。 句尾出现标志性的or not，这是whether的固定搭配（whether…or not，意为“是否”），引导宾语从句。that引导从句无实际含义，how表“如何”，均无法和or not搭配。 7．句意：因为他的辛勤工作，迈克尔积累了很多经历，也掌握了大量关于鸟类的知识。 many后必须接可数名词复数。experience表示“经历”时是可数名词，复数形式为experiences；表示“经验”时是不可数名词，不符合many的用法。experiences’是所有格形式，不符合句子结构。 8．句意：现在，他开展志愿者培训、观鸟之旅和科普讲座，来帮助更多人理解候鸟的重要性。 本句用不定式to help作目的状语，说明“开展培训、讲座”的目的是帮助人们理解候鸟的重要性。 9．句意：他的团队还做了一个在线项目，实时追踪候鸟的迁徙位置。 空格后是名词team（团队），需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，指代迈克尔的团队，因此用His。He是主格，Him是宾格，均不能修饰名词。 10．句意：迈克尔的工作不仅对自己有意义，对那些如果得不到必要的帮助就可能死亡的鸟儿来说也意义重大。 根据“without necessary help”，可知表示推测可能性，没有帮助鸟儿可能会死，应用may。 Passage 4 The sun was shining brightly on the blue water. Ben and Sue were building a beautiful sand castle with their father on the beach. Suddenly, they heard 1 unusual noise coming from behind some big rocks. The two kids climbed onto the rocks with great 2 and looked over carefully. They were surprised at 3 they saw in front of them. “Penguins! I’ve never seen penguins on a beach!” shouted Ben. “How lovely they are!” Sue said 4 a low voice. “Those are African Penguins. This beach is their home and habitat.” At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird 5 towards the penguin eggs near the rocks. He drove 6 away. “The seabird will eat the eggs if we don’t stop it,” said Dad. They walked along the beach 7 they came to a small house—the Penguin Care Centre. “This is where I work. These African Penguins are in great danger now. But luckily there are still a few of them left in the world. My job is to take care of them,” Dad said. “That’s great!” said Ben. “The number of them was once a lot 8 , but it is becoming smaller. One reason is that the eggs 9 by seabirds and other animals. Another reason is that fishermen catch too many fish. The penguins’ food 10 less and less over the years. We are trying our best to stop people hurting the penguins and their eggs. Everyone should show responsibility to protect them,” Dad continued. “Yes, Dad. We should pull together to help protect penguins.” Ben and Sue replied. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．excited B．excitedly C．excitement 3．A．what B．why C．how 4．A．at B．in C．With 5．A．walked B．to walk C．Walking 6．A．it B．them C．him 7．A．when B．until C．unless 8．A．large B．larger C．largest 9．A．eat B．ate C．are eaten 10．A．became B．has become C．will become 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了Ben和Sue在海滩上与爸爸发现非洲企鹅，了解它们生存现状并决定一起保护企鹅的故事。 【详解】1．句意：突然，他们听到从一些大岩石后面传来一个不寻常的声音。 “unusual noise”中“unusual”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 2．句意：两个孩子兴奋地爬上岩石，仔细地看过去。 “with great + 名词”表示“带着极大的……”，excitement“兴奋”符合语境，而excited“兴奋的”是形容词，excitedly“兴奋地”是副词。 3．句意：他们对眼前所看到的景象感到惊讶。 “be surprised at + 宾语从句”，从句中“saw”缺宾语，需用what指代看到的内容。 4．句意：“它们多可爱啊！”苏低声说道。 固定搭配“in a low voice”表示“低声说”。 5．句意：就在那一刻，爸爸注意到一只海鸟正朝着岩石附近的企鹅蛋走去。 “notice sb. doing sth.”表示“注意到某人正在做某事”，应用现在分词形式walking。 6．句意：他把它 (海鸟) 赶走了。 指代前文提到的“a seabird” (单数)，用it。 7．句意：他们沿着海滩一直走，直到来到一座小房子——企鹅保护中心。 “walked along...until they came to...”表示“沿着……走，直到到达……”，符合“爸爸带他们走到企鹅保护中心”的逻辑。 8．句意：它们的数量曾经要多得多，但现在正在变少。 “a lot”修饰比较级表示“……得多”，后文“but it is becoming smaller”暗示前文是“曾经数量多得多”，用larger与“smaller”形成对比。 9．句意：原因之一是企鹅蛋会被海鸟和其他动物吃掉。 “eggs”与“eat”是被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态are eaten。 10．句意：这些年来，企鹅的食物已经变得越来越少了。 “over the years”是现在完成时的标志，句意为“食物变得越来越少”，用has become。 Passage 5 Last summer, my family and I visited the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province. As we drove through the winding (蜿蜒的) roads, I 1 by the beautiful scenery. The mountains were covered with thick forests, and the air smelled fresh and clean. Our guide, Mr. Zhang, told us that the Qinling Mountains are home to many rare 2 , such as the giant panda and the golden monkey. “These animals are precious treasures of nature,” he said. “We 3 protect them and their habitats.” During 4 hike, we saw a group of golden monkeys playing in the trees. Their playful behavior made us laugh. Mr. Zhang explained that these monkeys are 5 important part of the local environment because they help spread seeds and maintain (维持) the balance of the forest. Later, we noticed some trash along the path. My sister and I decided to pick it up and put it in our trash bag. Mr. Zhang smiled and said, “Every small action counts. By keeping the environment clean, we are helping 6 the animals and plants that live here.” The trip to the Qinling Mountains 7 me an important lesson. I realized that humans and nature are 8 connected to each other. Now, I always think about 9 my actions affect the environment. I try to use 10 plastic, recycle more, and save water. I believe that if everyone does something, our planet will be better. 1．A．amazed B．was amazing C．was amazed 2．A．animal B．animals C．animals’ 3．A．must B．can C．may 4．A．us B．our C．ours 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．protecting B．protected C．to protect 7．A．taught B．teaches C．is teaching 8．A．close B．closely C．closer 9．A．what B．why C．how 10．A．little B．less C．least 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述作者在秦岭的旅行经历，通过观察自然和动物，认识到保护环境的重要性，并反思人类与自然的紧密联系。 【详解】1．句意：当我们开车穿过蜿蜒的道路时，我被美丽的景色惊呆了。 amazed感到惊奇的；was amazing令人惊叹的；was amazed被震撼。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。根据“by the beautiful scenery”可知，此句用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为was done。故选C。 2．句意：我们的导游张先生告诉我们秦岭是许多珍稀动物的家园，如大熊猫和金丝猴。 animal动物，可数名词单数；animals动物，可数名词复数；animals’动物的，名词所有格。空处位于“many rare”后，填可数名词复数。故选B。 3．句意：我们必须保护它们及其栖息地。 must必须；can能够；may可能。根据“These animals are precious treasures of nature”可知，此处表示必须保护动物，因为动物是大自然的宝贵财富。强调必要性，用must。故选A。 4．句意：在徒步旅行中，我们看到一群金丝猴在树上玩耍。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。空处位于名词“hike”前，用形容词性物主代词。故选B。 5．句意：张先生解释说，这些猴子是当地环境的重要组成部分，因为它们帮助传播种子，维持森林的平衡。 a一个，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，表特指。“part”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，用an修饰。故选B。 6．句意：通过保持环境清洁，我们正在帮助保护生活在这里的动植物。 protecting保护，动名词；protected保护，动词过去式；to protect去保护，动词不定式。help to do sth“帮助做某事”，空处填动词不定式。故选C。 7．句意：秦岭之旅给我上了重要的一课。 taught教，动词过去式；teaches教，动词三单形式；is teaching正在教，现在进行时结构。描述过去的事情用一般过去时。空处位于主语“The trip to the Qinling Mountains”后，填动词过去式作谓语。故选A。 8．句意：我意识到人类与自然是紧密相连的。 close接近的，形容词；closely紧密地，副词；closer更接近的，形容词比较级。空处位于动词“connected”前，用副词作状语。故选B。 9．句意：现在，我总会思考我的行为会如何影响环境。 what什么；why为什么；how如何。空处到“environment”位于介词“about”后，为宾语从句。根据“I realized that humans and nature are closely connected to each other.”和“my actions affect the environment.”可知，此处指会思考行为影响环境的方式。从句中缺少方式状语，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。 10．句意：我尽量少用塑料，多回收利用，并节约用水。 little很少的，形容词原级；less更少的，形容词比较级；least最少的，形容词最高级。根据“I try to use”可知，此处表示与过去相比，尝试使用更少的塑料。空处填形容词比较级。故选B。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Pollution 语法选择题型专练（话题：人与自然——环境污染与绿色环保行动） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Passage 1 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it 2 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is 10 home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population at the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．will bring B．has brought C．brought 3．A．can B．will C．might 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．thing’s C．things 7．A．become B．becomes C．to become 8．A．to burn B．burned C．burning 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．we B．our C．ours Passage 2 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the 2 is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population 10 the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．big B．bigger C．biggest 3．A．can B．must C．will 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．things C．thing’s 7．A．become B．to become C．becomes 8．A．to burn B．burning C．burned 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．in B．during C．at Passage 3 It’s very important for us to recycle. In nature, everything 1 again. For example, when an animal dies, it becomes 2 animal’s food. Nothing is wasted. But humans have created things like plastic bags 3 can’t be broken down by nature. Our rubbish kills animals and 4 water and soil. 5 we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse. If nature can’t reuse the rubbish, we must recycle 6 . We should clean up the rubbish we’ve made because nature can’t. Recycling is also the right thing to do for another reason. The earth is rich in natural materials like water and trees, 7 these materials are not endless. We use up our natural materials much 8 than the earth is able to reproduce them. For example, each year we cut 9 more than 6, 000 square miles of forest. But it takes an average of 25 years for a new tree 10 . 1．A．use B．used C．is used 2．A．another B．other C．others 3．A．who B．which C．what 4．A．pollutes B．polluted C．polluting 5．A．When B．Whether C．If 6．A．itself B．its C．it 7．A．but B．or C．and 8．A．fast B．faster C．fastest 9．A．out B．down C．up 10．A．grows B．growing C．to grow Passage 4 March 22nd is World Water Day. It 1 in 1993. It not only makes us think about the importance 2 water, but also calls on (号召) us to save and protect water. Because the waste water hurts our planet 3 . And the subject of World Water Day in 2017 is “waste water”. What is waste water? It is used water. Usually, waste water comes from 4 , homes, hospitals and so on. People produce waste water in different kinds of activities, including washing 5 machines, taking showers and using the kitchens. Wherever it comes from, this kind of water is sure 6 something harmful in it. Why must we deal with waste water? Waste water is 7 to our life. It causes both illness for us and pollution for the environment. We must care for 8 environment and our own health.    How can we treat waste water? For many years, people have been working hard to solve the problem. We have learned 9 different kinds of waste water need different ways of treatment. Waste water from homes can 10 . Then there will be less waste water. 1．A．starts B．started C．will start 2．A．in B．to C．of 3．A．seriousness B．seriously C．serious 4．A．factory B．factory’s C．factories 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．have B．to have C．has 7．A．harmful B．harm C．harms 8．A．we B．us C．our 9．A．that B．what C．which 10．A．be reused B．reused C．reuse Passage 5 Have you ever heard of the term “white pollution”? It’s a kind of serious environmental problem. The white color usually refers to 1 clear and clean in daily life. 2 white pollution is very harmful. White pollution 3 more and more serious because of single-use plastic tableware (餐具) and thin plastic bags. They’re easy to use and have already become 4 part of our daily life. When people order takeout, it 5 comes with single-use plastic boxes. When people go shopping, they can often get plastic bags. People use too many plastic products 6 their convenience. Now, white pollution has become a big problem. White pollution affects the environment mainly in two ways. On the one hand, plastic waste 7 everywhere in the natural environment. It makes cities, towns, hills and lakes quite 8 . On the other hand, plastic waste can stay for 9 , resulting in soil pollution and water pollution. It can even cause many illnesses. What’s worse, animals may die after eating plastic rubbish by mistake on the land or in the water. And it’s hard 10 the problem. Now everyone should help reduce white pollution and recycle plastic waste. 1．A．something B．anything C．nothing 2．A．And B．But C．So 3．A．is becoming B．was becoming C．will become 4．A．a B．an C．the 5．A．never B．seldom C．usually 6．A．to B．by C．for 7．A．be seen B．is seen C．has seen 8．A．dirty B．dirtier C．dirtiest 9．A．century B．centuries C．century’s 10．A．solve B．to solve C．solving Passage 6 Nowadays, the pollution is getting heavier and heavier around the world. Among all kinds of pollution, white pollution is 1 . If we don’t stop using plastic bags and boxes or make a change, the white pollution 2 worse and worse. Luckily, Ashwath Hegde, 3 Indian man decided to do something to save the world. When he was young, he saw lots of plastic waste everywhere. And some animals died 4 they ate the plastic waste. He wanted to know 5 kind of plastic bag is good for the environment. In 2012, he set up a team 6 a kind of green plastic bag. They tried many kinds of materials and did lots of experiments. Four years later, the green plastic bag 7 at last. This kind of plastic bag was different from other plastic bags because it would not pollute 8 environment. And people could even eat or drink it. Although they were much more expensive, they were so green that people could throw them 9 without worrying about the environment. Ashwath Hegde won many prizes for his brave and great work to help save the environment. And he founded a company called EnviGreen. 10 great the man was! If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved. 1．A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious 2．A．is B．will be C．was 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．because B．so C．though 5．A．when B．what C．where 6．A．develop B．to develop C．developing 7．A．invented B．is invented C．was invented 8．A．our B．ours C．ourselves 9．A．of B．into C．away 10．A．How B．What C．What a Passage 7 The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is 1 easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it 2 new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We 3 see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it. Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious 4 there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is slowly polluting 5 whole world. Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living 6 in the world, but there is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us 7 angry more easily. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. They stop people from 8 coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air. The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It 9 by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must be careful of the rise in population 10 the same time. 1．A．more B．much C．less 2．A．will bring B．brought C．has brought 3．A．can B．will C．might 4．A．so B．but C．because 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．thing B．thing’s C．things 7．A．becomes B．become C．to become 8．A．to burn B．burned C．burning 9．A．is caused B．was caused C．will cause 10．A．in B．during C．at Passage 8 People around the world are worried about pollution. More attention 1 paid to the protection of the environment these days. A new recycling system 2 set up in our city last year. If it works well, more plastic waste 3 turned into useful things. Parents 4 not to drive their children to school every day. I believe the air will become cleaner 5 we all take action. Sophie’s story shows that young people can make a difference. The camera on her ROV has three kinds of light, which make plastic 6 out from the sand and plant life. Sophie says that getting her robot to move through water was not easy, and that she 7 many times. However, she never gave up. “The problem 8 solved if we keep trying,” she said. “More beaches 9 cleaned up by volunteers next year.” Her love for the beach and her passion for the environment have grown and blossomed. She hopes her ROV 10 widely used in the future. 1．A．was B．will be C．is 2．A．is B．was C．will be 3．A．is B．was C．will be 4．A．are asked B．ask C．asked 5．A．because B．if C．unless 6．A．standing B．stand C．stood 7．A．was failed B．fails C．failed 8．A．is B．will be C．was 9．A．were B．will be C．are 10．A．will be B．is C．was 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 A British teacher made a special decision: she left her job to make sweaters for penguins in Antarctica. Her story has become popular online. This 1 sound strange, but it’s true. She’s helping penguins influenced by oil spills (泄露). Years ago, a large oil spill near Phillip Island, Australia 2 many baby penguins to die. When penguins get oil on their feathers (羽毛), they lose 3 ability to stay warm and swim smoothly. They often try to clean the oil, but this puts them in danger. 4 the penguins, the Penguin Foundation calls on people to make special wool (毛) sweaters. These sweaters keep penguins warm and stop them 5 eating the oil. In 2001, this method saved 438 baby penguins after 6 oil spill. Over the past 20 years, people from all over the world have sent 7 than 200,000 sweaters for the penguins! Some people think the sweaters might make penguins too hot. But the sweaters are only put on the penguins for a short time, 8 people can help them clean the oil. Sweaters that don’t fit well 9 into toy penguins. Money from selling these toys helps protect other wildlife on Phillip Island. This 10 idea really shows how small acts of kindness can make a big difference! 1．A．might B．need C．should 2．A．will cause B．caused C．causes 3．A．they B．them C．their 4．A．Protect B．To protect C．Protecting 5．A．from B．with C．in 6．A．a B．an C．/ 7．A．more B．many C．the most 8．A．although B．but C．until 9．A．made B．are making C．are made 10．A．create B．creative C．creativity Passage 2 In a small town near a forest lived a girl named Lily. Her mother, a forest keeper, often told 1 , “Every tree has a role in nature.” Lily nodded, but she didn’t fully understand its 2 . One weekend, Lily and her mother joined in 3 tree-planting activity. Lily asked, “Why do we plant so many trees?” Her mother replied, “Trees can clean the air, provide homes for animals, and prevent soil loss.” And she taught Lily 4 to water young trees to keep the soil wet. Later, Lily noticed some branches under a tree. She reached for a stick 5 them away, but her mother stopped her. “These branches provide homes for small animals. When they turn into part of the earth, the soil 6 by them,” her mother explained. 7 the sun went down, they passed an old windmill (风车) . “Years ago, people cut down trees 8 wood. Without tree roots, rain washed the land away,” her mother said. Now, the town uses windmills to produce electricity and replants trees. New trees will make the town 9 than before. That night, Lily 10 in her diary: Protecting nature isn’t just about planting trees. It’s about learning to live as part of it. 1．A．she B．her C．hers 9．A．mean B．meaning C．meaningful 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．why B．how C．what 5．A．throw B．throwing C．to throw 6．A．feed B．is feeding C．is fed 7．A．As B．Until C．Since 8．A．under B．about C．for 9．A．green B．greener C．greenest 10．A．wrote B．writes C．will write Passage 3 Michael is called “Guardian (保护神) of migratory birds (候鸟)”. He 1 care of birds for 15 years at the National Nature Reserve (保护区). Michael, from England, started working at 2 reserve in 2007. As the number of migratory birds drops, he helps build a better living environment there for them. The work is harder in winter 3 the temperature falls to about -35℃. Usually he looks after the birdhouse alone during winter. His teammates arrive to help him from early summer to autumn. Michael also cares for wounded birds. They are usually 4 wounded because of accidents or being attacked (攻击) by other birds. Some of them 5 by local villagers and sent to the reserve. He looks after them with great patience. Every day he makes sure 6 the birds have the ability to fly or not. He feels pleased every time he sees the birds fly again. Because of his hard work, Michael has had many 7 and plenty of knowledge about birds. Now, he holds volunteer training, bird-watching trips and simple science talks 8 more people understand the importance of migratory birds. 9 team also makes an online project to see where migratory birds are moving in real time. Michael’s job is meaningful not only to himself, but also to the birds that 10 die without necessary help. It’s also lovely to hear the wonderful birdsong every morning. 1．A．takes B．took C．has taken 2．A．a B．an C．the 3．A．when B．though C．so 4．A．badly B．worse C．worst 5．A．found B．are found C．will be found 6．A．that B．how C．whether 7．A．experience B．experiences C．experiences’ 8．A．help B．to help C．helped 9．A．He B．Him C．His 10．A．may B．should C．can Passage 4 The sun was shining brightly on the blue water. Ben and Sue were building a beautiful sand castle with their father on the beach. Suddenly, they heard 1 unusual noise coming from behind some big rocks. The two kids climbed onto the rocks with great 2 and looked over carefully. They were surprised at 3 they saw in front of them. “Penguins! I’ve never seen penguins on a beach!” shouted Ben. “How lovely they are!” Sue said 4 a low voice. “Those are African Penguins. This beach is their home and habitat.” At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird 5 towards the penguin eggs near the rocks. He drove 6 away. “The seabird will eat the eggs if we don’t stop it,” said Dad. They walked along the beach 7 they came to a small house—the Penguin Care Centre. “This is where I work. These African Penguins are in great danger now. But luckily there are still a few of them left in the world. My job is to take care of them,” Dad said. “That’s great!” said Ben. “The number of them was once a lot 8 , but it is becoming smaller. One reason is that the eggs 9 by seabirds and other animals. Another reason is that fishermen catch too many fish. The penguins’ food 10 less and less over the years. We are trying our best to stop people hurting the penguins and their eggs. Everyone should show responsibility to protect them,” Dad continued. “Yes, Dad. We should pull together to help protect penguins.” Ben and Sue replied. 1．A．a B．an C．the 2．A．excited B．excitedly C．excitement 3．A．what B．why C．how 4．A．at B．in C．With 5．A．walked B．to walk C．Walking 6．A．it B．them C．him 7．A．when B．until C．unless 8．A．large B．larger C．largest 9．A．eat B．ate C．are eaten 10．A．became B．has become C．will become Passage 5 Last summer, my family and I visited the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province. As we drove through the winding (蜿蜒的) roads, I 1 by the beautiful scenery. The mountains were covered with thick forests, and the air smelled fresh and clean. Our guide, Mr. Zhang, told us that the Qinling Mountains are home to many rare 2 , such as the giant panda and the golden monkey. “These animals are precious treasures of nature,” he said. “We 3 protect them and their habitats.” During 4 hike, we saw a group of golden monkeys playing in the trees. Their playful behavior made us laugh. Mr. Zhang explained that these monkeys are 5 important part of the local environment because they help spread seeds and maintain (维持) the balance of the forest. Later, we noticed some trash along the path. My sister and I decided to pick it up and put it in our trash bag. Mr. Zhang smiled and said, “Every small action counts. By keeping the environment clean, we are helping 6 the animals and plants that live here.” The trip to the Qinling Mountains 7 me an important lesson. I realized that humans and nature are 8 connected to each other. Now, I always think about 9 my actions affect the environment. I try to use 10 plastic, recycle more, and save water. I believe that if everyone does something, our planet will be better. 1．A．amazed B．was amazing C．was amazed 2．A．animal B．animals C．animals’ 3．A．must B．can C．may 4．A．us B．our C．ours 5．A．a B．an C．the 6．A．protecting B．protected C．to protect 7．A．taught B．teaches C．is teaching 8．A．close B．closely C．closer 9．A．what B．why C．how 10．A．little B．less C．least ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $