Unit 1 阅读理解10篇单元练习 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“中国发展变化”主题，通过10篇阅读材料系统覆盖细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断等核心题型，融合语言能力与文化意识培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |社会发展|6篇（科技/交通/乡村等）|细节定位（如时间/数据）、推理判断|以“变化现象—原因分析—影响评价”为逻辑链，构建“个人经历→社会进步”认知| |文化与环境|4篇（塞罕坝/餐馆史等）|词义猜测（如“unique”）、主旨归纳|通过跨时空对比（古今/中外），培养文化理解与批判性思维（如发展与环保平衡）|

2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册Unit 1阅读理解10篇单元练习 序号 文章主题 1 通过两名中学生（刘宇和张可）的在线分享，展示了中国近年来在科技（5G、机器人）和交通（从自行车到高铁）方面的快速发展和巨大变化。 2 讲述袁百灵的家乡发生巨大变化，她大学毕业后返乡任教，同时许多年轻人回乡建设家乡的故事。 3 介绍塞罕坝林场从荒漠变为林海的巨大转变，讲述三代务林人的奋斗历程、塞罕坝精神，以及它为全球绿色发展树立的典范。 4 按照时间顺序介绍公共交通的发展历史，从水运、运河，到铁路、早期公交车再到汽车，展现科技带来的生活改变。 5 描述了作者家乡十年间的巨大变化：从过去破旧的小村庄变成了拥有新房子、学校和工厂的小城镇。虽然经济发展了，但河流污染让作者感到难过，作者希望人们在发展经济的同时能更加关注环境保护。 6 主要介绍了中国近年来的快速发展，包括城市化带来的问题、政府采取的解决措施、教育领域的改善以及科技方面的成就。 7 主要讲述了餐馆从古代到现代的发展演变过程，介绍了不同时期、不同地区餐馆的特点及其变化。 8 作者小时候社区有一个仅20平方米的老旧阅览室，藏书少、开放时间短，经过重建，变成了三层楼的新图书馆。藏书丰富、设施齐全、全天开放，成为居民尤其是老年人的好去处。 9 介绍中国乡村发生的巨大变化，对比三十年前乡村的困境与如今基础设施、生活条件的改善，讲述外国游客的评价，点明这些改变汇聚成社会整体的进步。 10 作者以自家往返武汉、咸宁的出行变化为例，介绍了中国高铁飞速建设的成果，讲述高铁缩短出行时间、便利通勤、带动小城经济，改变了中国人的生活。 （一） Over the past few years, China has changed rapidly. Recently, we asked some students to share their feelings about the rapid changes and developments of China. Here are some of their answers online: A few months ago, our school visited the China International Import Expo. In the 5G hall, I was impressed by how quickly people could download videos. It took just seconds. It was amazing! I also saw a robot with sensors (感应器) in all parts of its body. With the help of 5G technology, the robot can do the same things as people do. I hope I can create something like 5G. Liu Yu, 13, Chenguang High School, Beijing People love to travel. In the 1970s, anyone who was lucky enough to have a bicycle would be the envy (羡慕的对象) of others. Then, green trains came out. But they ran at a speed of 30km per hour. In the 2010s, the speed of China’s fastest trains had risen to 350km per hour. For my mom, she had her first train trip when she was 17. But now children at my age can visit many places thanks to the highly developed transportation network. I have visited Beijing, Xizang and Xiamen so far. Zhang Ke, 15, Foreign Language School, Shanghai 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How do the students share their ideas? A．By the internet. B．By sending letters. C．By newspapers. D．By making phone calls. 2．What does the underlined word “impressed” probably mean? A．Encouraged. B．Scared. C．Surprised. D．Stopped. 3．What can we infer from Zhang Ke’s answer? A．Zhang’s mother took a train at 7 am. B．Green trains appeared earlier than bicycles. C．Few people could take green trains in the past. D．It might be difficult for people to get a bike in the 1970s. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Zhang Ke and Liu Yu come from the same city. B．The robot is able to download videos at a high speed. C．Liu Yu went to many places like Beijing, Xizang and Xiamen. D．The transportation network developed rapidly from the 1970s to the 2010s. 5．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Health. D．Culture. （二） A Village’s Bright Future Yuan Bailing remembers her childhood well. When she was a little girl, it took her almost an hour to get to school each day. The roads were just dirt tracks. But she loved school so much that she never missed a day. Now, great changes have taken place in her village. Better roads and bridges have been built. It now takes only ten minutes for children to get to school. New houses have been built, and the village has a new library and a small hospital. Yuan Bailing is the first person from her village to graduate from university. After graduation, she decided to return to her hometown to become a teacher. “I want to help more children get a good education,” she says. “I want to be part of my hometown’s growth and development.” Her story is not unique. Across China, many young people are returning to their hometowns. They bring new ideas and skills. They start businesses, teach in schools, and help improve local farming. The government has also provided support — building roads, hospitals, and schools. “Though our area still needs further development,” Bailing says, “through the courage and hard work of our people, it has a bright future ahead.” 6．How long did it take Yuan Bailing to get to school in the past? A．About 10 minutes. B．About 15 minutes. C．About 40 minutes. D．About 60 minutes. 7．What did Yuan Bailing decide to do after graduating from university? A．To work in a big city. B．To travel around China. C．To become a village teacher. D．To start a business online. 8．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a change in the village? A．New roads have been built. B．A new supermarket has opened. C．A new hospital has been built. D．A new library has been built. 9．What does the word “unique” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．特别的 B．普遍的 C．唯一的 D．常见的 10．According to the passage, what do many young people bring back to their hometowns? A．Money and gifts. B．New ideas and skills. C．Food and clothes. D．Books and computers. （三） In December 2025, Saihanba forest farm successfully passed a Forest Management Certification (森林经营认证). It acts as a “green pass”, helping Saihanba’s forest products enter global markets. Located in Hebei Province, Saihanba has experienced an amazing change. By the late 1950s, centuries of overgrazing (过度放牧) and logging (伐木) had made it into a desert. With sandstorms threatening the capital and other northern cities, China decided to bring it back to life. Today, it is the world’s largest man‑made forest. This success comes from the hard work of three generations (代) of foresters. In 1962, the first group of 369 foresters arrived there to plant trees, most of whom were in their 20s. “Working in the forest, you have to work hard no matter what the conditions are,” a worker said. Today, a new generation is taking on new challenges. They are using scientific methods to improve the forest. For example, they are planting mixed tree species to make the forest stronger against fire, pests (害虫) and climate change.   Over the years, these foresters have turned the desert into a green sea. The forest coverage (覆盖率) has increased from 11 percent to 82 percent. They also take pride in the “Saihanba Spirit”, which means remembering why they started, working hard and trying new things, and developing in a green way.   In 2017, Saihanba won the UN’s highest environmental honour. Saihanba proves that strong will and science can turn poor land into green places. It sets a powerful example for green development, offering hope to China and other countries around the world. 11．What does the “green pass” help Saihanba's forest products do? A．Reach global markets. B．Grow more green plants. C．Improve scientific methods. D．Avoid the threat of sandstorms. 12．Why did China decide to bring Saihanba back to life? A．Because many tourists wanted to visit it. B．Because the forest coverage had dropped to 11%. C．Because it was the world's largest man‑made forest. D．Because sandstorms threatened the capital and other cities. 13．Why are foresters planting mixed tree species? A．To attract more tourists. B．To make the forest stronger. C．To reduce the cost of planting. D．To increase the production of trees. 14．How did the foresters feel about the “Saihanba Spirit”? A．Interested. B．Proud. C．Doubtful. D．Terrible. 15．What is the passage mainly about? A．The meaning of the Saihanba Spirit. B．The ways to plant and protect a forest. C．The successful change and example of Saihanba. D．The process of getting an international forest certification. （四） The earliest form of public transport was water transport. Boats and rafts (木筏) made of reeds (芦苇) and wood were used for transport in places such as Egypt and South America. In about 4000 BCE, boats with sails(帆) were used in Southwest Asia. Early Chinese engineers built canals (运河) for carrying boats. The Beijing‑Hangzhou Grand Canal was started in 486 BCE and finished in 1293, linking Beijing and Hangzhou. The Canal du Midi, an important canal in Europe, was finished in 1681. The railway age began in Britain with Richard Trevithick’s steam locomotive (蒸汽机车) in 1804. Soon after that, the first passenger railway was opened in 1825 in the north of England. At first, people were worried that they wouldn’t be able to breathe while travelling so fast—the first trains reached speeds of 24 kilometres per hour! Now, new trains on special railways are fast and comfortable! Long journeys are quick and smooth. The first buses were introduced in France in 1826 by Stanislas Baudry. They were pulled by horses. They first appeared in London in 1829 and could carry about 22 passengers. Within a few years, they could carry more passengers. Road travel changed forever when the first car was built by Karl Benz in 1886. As car technology improved, the car gradually began to take over the roads. It looked different from modern cars. It was large and had three wheels!     These developments show how technology makes life more convenient and colourful. 16．What was the earliest form of public transport according to the passage? A．The canal. B．The railway. C．Water transport. D．The boat with sails. 17．How long did it take to finish the Beijing‑Hangzhou Grand Canal? A．486 years. B．807 years. C．1293 years. D．1779 years. 18．Why were people worried about early trains at first? A．Because the trains were too slow. B．Because the trains were often late. C．Because they feared they couldn’t breathe at high speeds. D．Because they thought trains were not safe for long trips. 19．What is the correct order of the following events according to the passage? ①The first car was built.             ②The first passenger railway opened. ③Boats with sails were used in Southwest Asia. ④The first buses were introduced in France. A．③②④① B．④②③① C．②①④③ D．③①②④ 20．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the most important types of transport. B．To encourage people to use public transport more. C．To tell the history and development of public transport. D．To explain how different countries improved their transport. （五） Dear Peter, How are you? I have just come back from a trip to my hometown. I haven’t been there for ten years, so I was very surprised to see the great changes there. Ten years ago, my hometown was a small village. People lived in old houses and the roads were dirty. There was only one small school and most children had to walk a long way to school. There were no factories and people mainly worked on farms. But now, the village has changed a lot. Many new houses have been built and the roads are wide and clean. A new school has been built and children can take the school bus there. Several factories have also been built and many people work there. The village has become a small town. I am happy to see these changes, but I also feel a little sad. The river in front of my old house has been polluted. There used to be many fish in it, but now there are few. I hope people will pay more attention to the environment while developing the economy. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 21．How long hasn’t Li Hua been to his hometown? A．For five years. B．For ten years. C．For fifteen years. D．For twenty years. 22．What was Li Hua’s hometown like ten years ago? A．It was a modern city. B．It was a small village. C．It had many factories. D．It had wide roads. 23．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a change? A．New houses have been built. B．A new school has been built. C．A subway has been built. D．Several factories have been built. 24．What makes Li Hua feel sad? A．The houses are too old. B．The river has been polluted. C．The school is too small. D．The roads are too narrow. 25．What does Li Hua hope people will do? A．Build more factories. B．Develop the economy faster. C．Pay more attention to the environment. D．Move to big cities. （六） China has developed rapidly in recent years. Many people have moved from the countryside to cities to find jobs. As a result, cities have become bigger and more modern. However, this has also caused some problems, such as heavy traffic and air pollution. To solve these problems, the Chinese government has taken many measures. New subway lines have been built in many cities to reduce traffic jams. More trees have been planted to improve the air quality. Also, the government has encouraged people to use public transportation instead of driving private cars. Another important change is in education. In the past, many children in poor areas couldn't go to school. But now, the government has built many new schools and provided free education for all children. Every child has the chance to go to school. China has also made great progress in science and technology. Chinese engineers have built many high-speed railways, bridges and ports. The high-speed railway network has become one of the largest in the world. These achievements make all Chinese people proud. 26．Why have many people moved from the countryside to cities? A．To travel. B．To find jobs. C．To go to school. D．To visit relatives. 27．What problems have been caused by the rapid development of cities? A．Heavy traffic and air pollution. B．Lack of food and water. C．Too many schools. D．Too many parks. 28．What has the government done to reduce traffic jams? A．Built more roads. B．Built new subway lines. C．Banned private cars. D．Increased bus tickets. 29．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．All children could go to school in the past. B．The government provides free education for all children now. C．No new schools have been built in poor areas. D．Poor children still can't go to school. 30．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．China has made great progress in education. B．China has developed rapidly in economy. C．China has made great achievements in science and technology. D．China has solved all environmental problems. （七） Do you know when restaurants were invented? The first restaurants were invented thousands of years ago. However, they were very different from restaurants today. The first restaurants were in ancient Greece (希腊) and ancient Rome. These restaurants served food in large stone bowls. Everyone shared the food from big bowls. People believe that these places were very popular because most homes in ancient Greece and Rome did not have kitchens. Also, people didn’t have to store food at home if they ate their meals at these restaurants. Later, restaurants began to open in China. In the early 1100s, more than one million people lived in the city of Hangzhou, China. It was a very busy city, and people had money. Smart cooks started cooking and selling food along the big streets in the city. Unlike in ancient Greece and Rome, people in China could choose food from a menu. They didn’t have to eat everyone else’s food. For the next several centuries, there were restaurants all over the world. People could buy food in the street or at inns (小旅馆). Then in the middle of the 1700s, restaurants started opening in Paris. These restaurants were more similar to the restaurants we know today. There was a wider choice of food, and eating in these restaurants was a more enjoyable experience. In the 19th century, trains made travel much faster and simpler. In the end, this kind of restaurant began to appear all over Europe and in other parts of the world. Now, restaurants are everywhere. You can buy different kinds of food. You can get food sent to your door. But remember it wasn’t always like that. 根据上面短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31．It is believed that these first restaurants were popular because ________. A．people could eat different food B．the food there was very cheap C．people were too busy to cook D．most homes didn’t have kitchens 32．How did the first restaurants serve the food? A．In old pots. B．In large stone bowls. C．In small baskets. D．In big plates. 33．How were the restaurants in Hangzhou different from the first restaurants? A．They offered menus to customers. B．They usually served the same food. C．They sold the food in large stone bowls. D．They prepared food for all the people in the city. 34．What does the underlined part “these restaurants” in Paragraph 4 refer to (指代)? A．Restaurants in ancient Greece and ancient Rome. B．Restaurants in Hangzhou in the early 1100s. C．Restaurants in Paris in the middle of the 1700s. D．Restaurants all over Europe in the 19th century. 35．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．The food of the restaurants. B．The service of the restaurants. C．The development of the restaurants. D．The environment of the restaurants. （八） When I was 7 years old, I moved with my parents to a small neighborhood in Guangzhou. The best place I liked to go was the old community reading room, which was only 20 square meters big. It had less than 1,000 books, most of which were old newspapers and books published 20 years ago. The reading room was only open from 9 AM to 5 PM on weekdays, so I could only go there on weekends. Last December, our neighborhood started to rebuild the old reading room. It was turned into a new public library that opened in May 2026. Now the library is three floors big, with more than 20,000 books. It has a special reading area for kids, a coffee corner, and a room for free reading activities. What makes most people happy is that it is open from 8 AM to 9 PM every day, including holidays. Last Saturday, I joined a book sharing activity in the new library. I met a 72-year-old neighbor Uncle Li, who goes there every day. He said, “In the past, we old people had nowhere to go after walking in the morning. Now we can read books and make new friends here. It is the best gift our neighborhood has given us.” 36．How big was the old community reading room? A．20 square meters. B．200 square meters. C．2000 square meters. D．1000 square meters. 37．When did the new library open? A．In December 2025. B．In May 2026. C．In December 2026. D．In May 2025. 38．Which of the following is true about the new library? A．It has less than 1,000 books. B．It is only open on weekdays. C．It has a special reading area for kids. D．It is closed on holidays. 39．What can we infer from Uncle Li’s words? A．Old people don’t like reading books. B．The new library brings old people a lot of pleasure. C．Uncle Li likes walking better than reading. D．The neighborhood didn’t give people any gifts before. 40．What is the best title of this passage? A．My Happy Childhood in Guangzhou. B．How to Build a Good Library. C．The Change of My Neighborhood’s Reading Place. D．Why Reading Is Good For Us. （九） The world is changing fast, and the changes in Chinese villages are the best examples. Thirty years ago, mountain villages only had rough narrow tracks. Strong sandstorms often covered the farmland with sandy dirt, so villagers faced a serious shortage of corn and other food. They lacked convenient transport and seldom went to the capital or big ports. Now the government gives strong support to countryside development. Villagers plant lots of bushes and deep-rooted trees to protect soil. High-tech greenhouses allow farmers to grow vegetables and fruit with ease. Wide highways, long tunnels and new railways link every village to big cities. Digital life is everywhere: e-payment, new flats and online business make daily life convenient. Many foreign visitors from Kenya and other countries come to visit. They write warm comments and call these great changes man-made miracles. They admire our balance of development and environmental protection. When we talk about these changes in class discussions, we realize the power of wisdom and courage. We leave behind hard old days, while new progress lives on and develops every day. All these small improvements together bring amazing changes to our whole society. 41．What problem did villages face many years ago? A．Enough farmland B．Serious sandstorms and food shortage C．Wide modern highways D．Popular e-payment 42．What helps farmers grow crops easily now? A．Rough old tracks B．High-tech greenhouses C．Narrow dirt roads D．Sandy soil without trees 43．Why do foreign visitors praise China’s villages? A．They find perfect balance of development and nature B．They want to move to villages forever C．They don’t like their own hometowns D．They can collect many old photos here 44．Which word can describe the changes of villages? A．Miracles B．Rough C．Narrow D．Shortage 45．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to plant bushes to stop sandstorms B．Great changes taking place in Chinese villages C．The history of ancient Kenyan towns D．Ways to use digital e-payment daily （十） My name is Liu Wei, and I am a 15-year-old middle school student living in Wuhan. My dad works in a small city called Xianning, which is about 100 kilometers away from Wuhan. 15 years ago, when my parents got married, it took them almost 4 hours to take a slow train between the two cities. My dad could only come home once a week, because the trip was too tiring. In 2009, China opened its first high-speed rail line between Wuhan and Guangzhou, which stopped in Xianning. Suddenly, the trip from Wuhan to Xianning took only 28 minutes. My dad could come home every day after work. Last month, China opened another new high-speed rail line that connects Xianning to Changsha, the capital of Hunan. The trip from Xianning to Changsha now takes just 1 hour, instead of 5 hours before. By the end of 2025, China had more than 45,000 kilometers of high-speed rail lines, covering 31 provinces. That is more than the total length of high-speed rail lines in all other countries in the world. High-speed rail has changed Chinese people’s lives a lot. Many people now live in small cities but work in big cities, because high-speed rail makes the commute easy. More and more tourists are visiting small towns that were difficult to get to before. Local people can sell their special products to big cities more quickly and cheaply. “High-speed rail doesn’t just connect places,” a government spokesman said. “It connects people’s dreams.” 46．How far is Xianning from Wuhan? A．28 kilometers. B．45 kilometers. C．100 kilometers. D．31 kilometers. 47．How long did it take to travel from Wuhan to Xianning by high-speed rail after 2009? A．28 minutes. B．4 hours. C．1 hour. D．5 hours. 48．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Liu Wei’s dad didn’t like his job in Xianning. B．The slow trip made it hard for Liu Wei’s family to get together often. C．Liu Wei’s parents didn’t live in Wuhan 15 years ago. D．Slow trains were more comfortable than high-speed trains. 49．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．No other country has more total high-speed rail length than China. B．High-speed rail only connects big cities in China. C．All Chinese provinces have high-speed rail by 2025. D．High-speed rail was first invented in China. 50．What does the underlined word “commute” mean in Chinese? A．购物 B．娱乐 C．通勤 D．健身 参考答案 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文通过两名中学生（刘宇和张可）的在线分享，展示了中国近年来在科技（5G、机器人）和交通（从自行车到高铁）方面的快速发展和巨大变化。 【详解】1．文章开头明确指出：“Here are some of their answers online”，说明学生们是通过互联网分享他们的想法的。 2．刘宇提到下载视频只需几秒钟，并评价说“It was amazing!”（太神奇了！），这表明他对5G的速度感到非常惊讶和印象深刻。因此，“impressed”在此处意为“Surprised”（感到惊奇/印象深刻）。Encouraged（受鼓舞）、Scared（害怕）、Stopped（停止）均不符合语境。 3．张可提到：“In the 1970s, anyone who was lucky enough to have a bicycle would be the envy of others.”（在20世纪70年代，任何幸运拥有自行车的人都会成为别人羡慕的对象。）既然拥有自行车是“幸运的”且令人“羡慕”，这暗示当时自行车比较稀缺或难以获得。因此可以推断出在20世纪70年代，人们可能很难买到自行车。 4．张可的回答中详细描述了从20世纪70年代的自行车、30km/h的绿皮火车到2010年代350km/h的高铁，体现了交通网络的快速发展，D项正确。A项错误，刘宇来自北京，张可来自上海；B项错误，文中说是人们利用5G快速下载视频，机器人是利用5G做像人一样的事情，并未明确说机器人下载视频；C项错误，去北京、西藏和厦门的是张可，不是刘宇。 5．文章内容涉及5G技术、机器人以及交通工具的演变，这些都属于科技发展的范畴。虽然也涉及生活变化，但核心驱动力是科技进步。因此，这篇文章最可能出现在杂志的“Science”（科学/科技）版块。 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述袁百灵的家乡发生巨大变化，她大学毕业后返乡任教，同时许多年轻人回乡建设家乡的故事。 【详解】6．根据第一段“it took her almost an hour to get to school each day.”可知，过去袁百灵上学几乎要花费一小时，对应大约60分钟。 7．根据第三段“After graduation, she decided to return to her hometown to become a teacher.”可知，袁百灵大学毕业后决定回到家乡成为一名乡村教师。 8．根据第二段“Better roads and bridges have been built...the village has a new library and a small hospital.”可知，文中提到新建道路、医院、图书馆，并未提及新开一家超市。 9．根据第四段“Her story is not unique. Across China, many young people are returning to their hometowns.”可知，不止袁百灵一人选择返乡，很多年轻人都这样做，unique表示“唯一的”。 10．根据第四段“They bring new ideas and skills.”可知，许多年轻人带回新想法与技能。 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍塞罕坝林场从荒漠变为林海的巨大转变，讲述三代务林人的奋斗历程、塞罕坝精神，以及它为全球绿色发展树立的典范。 【详解】11．根据第一段“It acts as a ‘green pass’, helping Saihanba’s forest products enter global markets.”，可知“绿色通行证” 帮助塞罕坝林产品进入全球市场。 12．根据第二段“With sandstorms threatening the capital and other northern cities, China decided to bring it back to life.”，可知中国决定恢复塞罕坝是因为沙尘暴威胁首都以及其他北方城市。 13．根据第三段“For example, they are planting mixed tree species to make the forest stronger against fire, pests (害虫) and climate change.”，可知种植混合树种是为了让森林变得更强健。 14．根据第四段“They also take pride in the ‘Saihanba Spirit’”，take pride in意为“为……感到自豪”，说明务林人对塞罕坝精神感到骄傲。 15．通读全文，文章讲述塞罕坝发生的巨大成功转变以及它带来的示范作用，所以主旨为The successful change and example of Saihanba，对应C选项。 16．C 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，按照时间顺序介绍公共交通的发展历史，从水运、运河，到铁路、早期公交车再到汽车，展现科技带来的生活改变。 【详解】16．根据第一段“The earliest form of public transport was water transport.”，可知最早的公共交通形式是水运。 17．根据第二段“The Beijing‑Hangzhou Grand Canal was started in 486 BCE and finished in 1293”，计算可得前后一共经历1779年。 18．根据第三段“At first, people were worried that they wouldn’t be able to breathe while travelling so fast”，可知一开始人们担心在高速行驶时无法呼吸。 19．根据文章内容可知，首先“In about 4000 BCE, boats with sails were used in Southwest Asia.”可知，帆船在西南亚被使用（③）；然后“the first passenger railway was opened in 1825”可知，第一条客运铁路开通（②）；接着“The first buses were introduced in France in 1826”可知，法国出现第一批公共汽车（④）；最后“the first car was built by Karl Benz in 1886”可知，第一辆汽车被制造出来（①）。因此正确顺序是③②④①。 20．通读全文，文章按时间线索讲述公共交通的历史与发展过程，所以写作目的是To tell the history and development of public transport，对应C选项。 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．C 【导语】本文是一封李华写给Peter的信。信中描述了作者家乡十年间的巨大变化：从过去破旧的小村庄变成了拥有新房子、学校和工厂的小城镇。虽然经济发展了，但河流污染让作者感到难过，作者希望人们在发展经济的同时能更加关注环境保护。 【详解】21．根据第一段“I haven’t been there for ten years...”可知，李华已经十年没回家乡了。 22．根据第二段“Ten years ago, my hometown was a small village.”可知，十年前作者的家乡是一个小村庄。 23．根据第三段内容可知，文中提到了“Many new houses have been built”（A 项）、“A new school has been built”（B 项）和"Several factories have also been built”（D 项）。文中并未提及修建地铁。 24．根据第四段“I also feel a little sad. The river in front of my old house has been polluted.”可知，让李华感到难过的是门前的河流被污染了。 25．根据第四段“I hope people will pay more attention to the environment while developing the economy.”可知，李华希望人们在发展经济的同时更多地关注环境。 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国近年来的快速发展，包括城市化带来的问题、政府采取的解决措施、教育领域的改善以及科技方面的成就。 【详解】26．第一段指出：“Many people have moved from the countryside to cities to find jobs.”，说明人们从农村迁往城市是为了找工作。 27．第一段提到：“this has also caused some problems, such as heavy traffic and air pollution.”，说明城市快速发展导致了交通拥堵和空气污染。 28．第二段提到：“New subway lines have been built in many cities to reduce traffic jams.”，说明政府通过建设新地铁线路来缓解交通拥堵。 29．第三段提到：“the government has built many new schools and provided free education for all children.”，说明现在政府为所有孩子提供免费教育。 30．最后一段首句点明：“China has also made great progress in science and technology.”，并列举高铁、桥梁、港口等成就，因此本段主旨是科技方面的成就。 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了餐馆从古代到现代的发展演变过程，介绍了不同时期、不同地区餐馆的特点及其变化。 【详解】31．第二段提到：“People believe that these places were very popular because most homes in ancient Greece and Rome did not have kitchens.”，最早的餐馆受欢迎的原因是大多数家庭没有厨房。 32．第二段提到：“These restaurants served food in large stone bowls.”，最早的餐馆是用大石碗盛放食物的。 33．第三段提到：“Unlike in ancient Greece and Rome, people in China could choose food from a menu.”，杭州的餐馆与最早的餐馆不同之处在于提供菜单给顾客选择。 34．第四段提到：“Then in the middle of the 1700s, restaurants started opening in Paris. These restaurants were more similar to the restaurants we know today.”，“these restaurants”指代前一句提到的“restaurants started opening in Paris”，即18世纪中期在巴黎开设的餐馆。 35．全文按时间顺序介绍了餐馆从古希腊、古罗马，到中国杭州，再到巴黎，最后遍布世界的过程，因此主要讲述的是餐馆的发展历程。 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．B 40．C 【导语】作者小时候社区有一个仅20平方米的老旧阅览室，藏书少、开放时间短，经过重建，变成了三层楼的新图书馆。藏书丰富、设施齐全、全天开放，成为居民尤其是老年人的好去处。 【详解】36．根据第一段“the old community reading room, which was only 20 square meters big”可知，旧阅览室只有20平方米。故选A。 37．根据第二段“It was turned into a new public library that opened in May 2026.”可知，新图书馆于2026年5月开放。故选B。 38．根据第二段“It has a special reading area for kids”可知，新图书馆设有儿童专属阅读区。故选C。 39．根据李叔叔的话“In the past, we old people had nowhere to go after walking in the morning. Now we can read books and make new friends here. It is the best gift our neighborhood has given us.”可知，过去老年人早上散步后无处可去，现在可以在图书馆读书、交朋友，还称图书馆是“社区送给我们最好的礼物”，由此可推断新图书馆给老年人带来了很多快乐。故选B。 40．全文围绕社区阅读场所从老旧阅览室到新图书馆的变化展开，C选项“我的社区阅读场所的变化”最准确地概括了文章主旨。 41．B 42．B 43．A 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国乡村发生的巨大变化，对比三十年前乡村的困境与如今基础设施、生活条件的改善，讲述外国游客的评价，点明这些改变汇聚成社会整体的进步。 【详解】41．原文第一段“Strong sandstorms often covered the farmland with sandy dirt, so villagers faced a serious shortage of corn and other food.”，由此可知多年前乡村面临严重沙尘暴与粮食短缺问题。 42．原文第二段“High-tech greenhouses allow farmers to grow vegetables and fruit with ease.”，由此可知高科技温室帮助农民轻松种植农作物。 43．原文第三段“They admire our balance of development and environmental protection.”，由此可知外国游客赞赏中国兼顾发展与环境保护的平衡模式。 44．原文第三段“They write warm comments and call these great changes man-made miracles.”，由此可知人们用“奇迹（Miracles）”形容乡村的变化。 45．文章首句“The world is changing fast, and the changes in Chinese villages are the best examples.”，全文围绕中国乡村正在发生的巨大变化展开叙述。A、C、D只是文中局部信息，并非主旨。 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．A 50．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者以自家往返武汉、咸宁的出行变化为例，介绍了中国高铁飞速建设的成果，讲述高铁缩短出行时间、便利通勤、带动小城经济，改变了中国人的生活。 【详解】46．原文第1段第2句“...Xianning, which is about 100 kilometers away from Wuhan”直接写明，咸宁距离武汉约100公里。 47．原文第二段“In 2009...stopped in Xianning. Suddenly, the trip from Wuhan to Xianning took only 28 minutes.”指出，2009年武广高铁通车后，武汉到咸宁车程仅28分钟。 48．原文第1段最后一句“My dad could only come home once a week, because the trip was too tiring. ”指出，慢火车旅途劳累，父亲一周只能回家一次，由此推断漫长行程让一家人难以经常团聚。 49．原文第3段第2句“That is more than the total length of high-speed rail lines in all other countries in the world.”指出，中国高铁总里程超过世界其他各国总和，可推断没有其他国家高铁总长度超过中国。 50．原文第4段第1句“Many people now live in small cities but work in big cities, because high-speed rail makes the...easy.”指出，人们居住在小城、在大城市工作，高铁让两地往返变得轻松，“commute”指往返工作地与住所，即“通勤” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $