WELCOME UNIT Section Ⅱ Part Ⅱ Language points(Word教参)-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语词汇与句型核心知识点，系统梳理阅读词汇、写作词汇、多义词汇及拓展词汇，通过构词规律（如动词+ing/ed构成形容词、动词+ion构成名词）构建词汇网络，搭配短语互译与重点句型（what if...、find+宾语+宾补）解析，形成从词汇积累到句型应用的完整学习支架。 资料以“用法解析+佳句示例+练透巩固+写美应用”结构强化语言能力，通过一词多义、熟词生义训练提升思维品质，分层练习（基础与能力）助力学习能力培养。课中教师可依托例句与练习增强教学实效，课后学生能通过针对性训练查漏补缺，实现知识巩固与应用提升。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Part Ⅱ　Language points Ⅰ．阅读词汇 1.sex difference性别差异 2.a female partner　　一名女合伙人 3.work in a male environment　　在男性环境中工作 4.a very clever guy　　一个很聪明的小伙子 Ⅱ．写作词汇 1.an outgoing and confident boy 一个外向而自信的男孩 2.conduct/carry out an experiment 进行实验 3.explore new possibilities 探索新的可能性 4.enrich campus life 丰富校园生活 Ⅲ．多义词汇 1.①an interesting lecture 一场有趣的讲座 ②lecture on history 关于历史的讲座 ③lecture him about his mistake 因犯错而训斥他 2.①an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默 ②an awkward gesture一个笨拙的手势 ③an awkward guy一个不善交际的人 ④an awkward time不方便的时间 Ⅳ．拓展词汇 1.anxious adj．焦虑的；不安的→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望→anxiously adv．焦虑地；焦急地 2.annoy vt．使恼怒；打扰→annoyed adj．恼怒的；生气的→annoying adj．令人恼火的；令人烦躁的→annoyance n．生气；烦恼；令人恼火的事 3.frightened adj．惊吓的；害怕的→frightening adj．令人恐惧的→frighten vt．使惊吓；吓唬 4.impress vt．使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi．留下印象；引人注目→impression n．印象；感想→impressive adj． 令人敬佩的；令人赞叹的 5.concentrate vi．&vt．集中（注意力）；聚精会神→concentration n．集中；专心；专注力 6.confident adj．自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任 7.register vt．& vi．登记；注册→registration n．登记；注册；挂号 8.nation n．国家；民族；国民→national adj．民族的；国家的→nationality n．国籍；民族 9.design n．设计；设计方案 vt．设计；筹划→designer n．设计者 10.formal adj．正式的；正规的→informal adj．非正式的 利用构词规律，快速记牢单词 1.“动词＋后缀－ing”构成形容词，表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。 “动词＋后缀－ed”构成形容词，表示“（感到）……的”，常修饰人。 ①amaze→amazing 令人惊讶的→amazed （感到）惊讶的 ②disappoint→disappointing 令人失望的→disappointed （感到）失望的 ③excite→exciting 令人兴奋的→excited （感到）兴奋的 ④bore→boring 令人厌烦的→bored （感到）无聊的 ⑤surprise→surprising 令人惊讶的→surprised （感到）惊讶的 2.“动词＋后缀－ion”构成名词，表示动作的过程、状态、结果或抽象概念。 ①protect→protection 保护 ②invent→invention 发明 ③discuss→discussion 讨论 ④attract→attraction 吸引力 ⑤express→expression 表达；表情 Ⅴ．短语互译 1.senior high school （美国）高中 2.at last 终于；最终3.make an impression 留下好印象 4.concentrate on 集中精力于 5.leave ．．．alone 不打扰；不惊动 6.junior high school （美国）初级中学 7.make friends 交朋友 8.tell a story 讲故事 9.not at all 一点也不 10.next to 靠近 Ⅵ．句型填空 1.句型公式：what if ．．．？ 要是……会怎么样呢？ 教材原句：What if no one talks to me？ 要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢？ 2.句型公式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句：I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful． 我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。 写作词汇集释 1.anxious adj．焦虑的；不安的→anxiety n．担心；焦虑；渴望→anxiously adv．焦虑地；焦急地 【用法】 （1）be anxious about/for　 为……担心/焦虑 be anxious to do sth　　渴望做某事 （2）with anxiety=anxiously　　焦虑地；焦急地 social anxiety　　社交焦虑 digital anxiety　　数字焦虑 【佳句】　The father looked anxiously through the bedroom window， watching for his son to return home safely．　（动作与心理描写） 父亲焦急地望着卧室窗外，盼着儿子平安归来。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①I am anxious to exchange （exchange） my ideas about the learning plan for the new term． ②I have received your letter saying that you are anxious about/for the coming exam． 【写美】　完成句子 ③It began raining， which made me even more anxious to get home and enjoy the warmth from my family．　（心理描写） 天开始下雨了，这让我更加渴望回家享受家人的温暖。 2.frightened adj．惊吓的；害怕的→frighten v．使惊吓；吓唬→frightening adj．令人恐惧的；可怕的 教材原句　①I didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all．我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。 ②The moment I heard the word I became very frightened．　（北师大版） 一听到这个词，我恐惧至极。 【用法】 be frightened of （doing） sth　 害怕（做）某事 be frightened to do sth　　不敢做某事 be frightened to death　　吓得要死 【佳句】　Learning that you are frightened of giving a lecture in public， I am writing to offer you some practical advice．　（建议信） 得知你害怕在公众面前做演讲，我写信给你一些实用的建议。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She was frightened to walk （walk） alone through the empty park during the late evening hours． ②When I explored the forest， I saw a frightening wolf opening its big mouth and I was frightened to death．（frighten） 【写美】　完成句子 ③I was frightened to death when the cow suddenly ran toward a fence．　（2026•1月浙江卷） 当那头牛突然冲向篱笆时，我吓得要死。 3.impression n．印象；感想→impress vt．使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi．留下印象；引人注目→impressive adj．令人敬佩的；令人赞叹的 教材原句　I want to make a good first impression．我想（给别人）留下一个良好的第一印象。 【用法】 （1）impress sb with sth使某人对某事印象深刻 impress sth on sb　　使某人铭记某事 be impressed by/with　　对……印象深刻 （2）leave/make a（n） ．．．impression on sb　给某人留下一个……的印象 【积累】　①artistic impression of calligraphy and painting 书画艺术观感 ②overall impression of painting works 绘画作品整体印象 【佳句】　Mrs Li is my new English teacher， who has left a very deep impression on me．　（人物介绍） 李老师是我的新英语老师，她给我留下了非常深刻的印象。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①The teacher impressed the importance of honesty on her students． ②This campus activity is really impressive （impress） and it is also good for our health． 【写美】　一句多译 ③我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。 →I strongly believe that this year’s music festival will leave/make a deep impression on you．（impression） →I firmly believe that this year’s music festival will impress you deeply．（impress） →I hold the firm belief that you will be deeply impressed by/with this year’s music festival．（impressed） 4.concentrate vi．& vt．集中（注意力）；聚精会神→concentration n．集中；专心；专注；浓度 教材原句　I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment．我没法专心做实验。 【用法】 concentrate on （doing） sth 专注做某事 concentrate one’s attention/mind on 　　某人集中注意力于 【佳句】　 You must concentrate on your studies if you want to achieve excellent results in the final exams．　（建议信） 如果你想在期末考试中取得优异成绩，就必须集中精力学习。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①Concentrating （concentrate） on your studies will result in good grades． ②Through the match， I’ve realised playing chess can improve our concentration （concentrate）． 【写美】　完成句子 ③I strongly suggest that you （should） concentrate （your attention/mind） on your studies instead of playing computer games． 我强烈建议你专心学习，而不是玩电脑游戏。 5.confident adj．自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任 教材原句　①I feel much more confident than I felt this morning． 我感觉现在比早上有信心多了。 ②What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read， speak and write in English， and they became more confident in learning．　（北师大版） 让他感到欣慰的是他的学生能够读英语、说英语和写英语，并且在学习上变得更自信。 【用法】 （1）be confident be confident that　 相信，确信；有信心 （2）have confidence in　　对……有信心 with confidence　　有把握地；自信地 【佳句】　With a confident smile spreading across her face， she stepped onto the stage， ready to deliver a lecture．　（神情与动作描写） 脸上洋溢着自信的微笑，她走上舞台，准备发表演讲。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①We have complete confidence in our ability to solve this difficult problem together． ②He is confident of winning the upcoming singing competition with his unique voice． 【写美】　完成句子 ③He walked onto the stage confidently/with confidence and began his speech to the large audience．　（神情与动作描写） 他自信地走上舞台，开始向众多听众发表演讲。 6.annoyed adj．恼怒的；生气的；烦恼的→annoy vt．使恼怒；使烦恼；使生气；打扰→annoying adj．令人恼火的；令人烦躁的→annoyance n．生气；烦恼；令人恼火的事 【用法】 （1）be annoyed with sb对某人生气 be annoyed about/at sth　　为某事生气 （2）It annoys sb that/when/how ．．．　　……使某人恼怒 【佳句】　It annoyed me that I couldn’t concentrate on doing the experiment and tears welled up in my eyes．　（心理描写） 使我恼怒的是我不能全神贯注于做实验，我的眼睛里涌出了泪水。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①He was beginning to get very annoyed （annoy） with me about my carelessness． ②The noise outside is so annoying （annoy） that I can’t concentrate on my studies． 【写美】　完成句子 ③我不能决定我应该选择哪个俱乐部，为此我感到烦恼。 I feel annoyed that I can’t decide which club I should choose． 7.leave ．．．alone 不打扰；不惊动 教材原句　I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone! 我真想对他说：请安静点，别打扰我! 【用法】 leave out遗漏；不考虑 leave aside　　搁置；不考虑 leave behind　　忘带；留下；丢弃 leave for　　出发去（某地） 【佳句】　After a long day at school， she sometimes just wanted to be left alone in her room with her favorite book．　（人物描写） 在学校度过漫长的一天后，有时她只想独自待在房间里读自己最喜欢的书。 【练透】　单句语法填空 ①She decided to leave for the countryside next weekend to enjoy some peaceful time． ②We decided to leave aside the difficult math problems and focus on the easier ones first． 【写美】　完成句子 ③He accidentally left his keys behind when he rushed out of the house this morning． 他今天早上匆忙出门时不小心把钥匙落在家里了。 阅读词汇清障 Ⅰ．一词多义 快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思。 lecture A．n．讲座；演讲　　　　 B．n．教训　　　　　C．vt．训斥 ①My father is always lecturing me and it makes me annoyed．　　C　 ②Our school will invite Professor Zhang who is from Nanjing University to give us a lecture．　　A　 ③My mother used to give me a lecture about wasting too much money on junk food．　　B　 Ⅱ．熟词生义 快速阅读下列句子并写出句中加蓝词汇的词性和含义。 1.This machine can concentrate fruit juice by removing 80% of its water content．　vt．使浓缩 2.It was small but heavy enough to make it awkward to carry．　adj．难对付的 3.I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars．　vt．兑换 重点句型解构 1.句型公式：What if ．．．？要是……会怎么样呢？ 教材原句　What if no one talks to me？要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢？ 【用法】 How/What about ．．．？……怎么样？ Why not do ．．．？　　为什么不……？ 【佳句】　What if they talked a long time about a topic you weren’t interested in？ 要是他们长时间谈论一个你不感兴趣的话题怎么办呢？ 【写美】　完成句子 ①How about going to the library after school？ We can study together and help each other． 放学后去图书馆怎么样？我们可以一起学习，互相帮助。 ②You look very tired．Why not take a few days off？ 你看上去非常疲劳。为什么不休息几天呢？ 2.句型公式：find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句　I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful． 我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。 【用法】 此结构表示“发现……”，其中宾语补足语可以是形容词、介词短语或非谓语动词。 （1）find的复合宾语结构： find＋宾语＋ （2）find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do （it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正宾语） 【写美】　完成句子 ①I found myself more confident and that I could reach my goals if I worked hard enough． 我发现自己更自信了；如果我足够努力的话，就能够实现我的目标。 ②The father found his children preparing a Mother’s Day breakfast when he arrived at home． 当爸爸回到家时，他发现他的孩子们正在准备母亲节早餐。 Ⅰ．单词拼写 1.English teachers in our school give two lectures from 4：00 pm to 6：00 pm every Friday． 2.We went to the campus to watch the final of the football match last week． 3.Wang Yaping is the first Chinese female astronaut （宇航员） who has performed a spacewalk． 4.Tom arrived at school late again， which made him feel awkward （尴尬的）． 5.He is proud of having acquired Chinese nationality （国籍）． 6.Knowing that you’re interested in animal experiments （实验）， I’m writing to tell you something． 7.The designer is outgoing （外向的） and easy to get along with． 8.I shook hands with the manager and exchanged （交流） a few words with him． Ⅱ．词形转换 1.The loud music from next door was really annoying （annoy） when I was studying． 2.The student gave an impressive （impress） speech at the school talent show． 3.With confidence （confident）， she walked onto the stage to give her presentation． 4.Please complete your course registration （register） before the deadline next Friday． 5.Students of different nationalities （nation） study together in our international school． 6.The famous designer （design） created a beautiful dress for the fashion show． 7.We decided to have an informal （formal） meeting in the school cafeteria． 8.Walking along the dark street， Tom heard footsteps close behind him， which made him frightened （frighten）． 9.I entered the new campus with anxiety （anxious） and I was worried about my new lessons． 10.I suggest getting regular sleep and exercise， which is important to keep your concentration （concentrate）． Ⅲ．固定搭配和句式 1.He is junior to me，but he knows how to conduct the experiment perfectly． 2.At last I got an A on the maths test．All my efforts paid off． 3.I plan to learn French during the winter holidays，so I will register for an online class． 4.After we saw the film， we found it very interesting （interest）． 5.There is so much work to do （do）， so I cannot go on a holiday． 6.I was lucky to sit next to my best friend in class．We helped each other with homework and enjoyed every lesson together． 7.“Please leave me alone for a while （让我一个人待一会），” she whispered， her eyes filled with tears． 8.I found it hard to concentrate on my studies （发现我很难集中精力学习） with some people having small talk around me． 9.Professor Wang found Li Lei’s papers full of new ideas， which left/made a deep impression on him （这给他留下了深刻的印象）． 10.What if （要是……会怎么样呢） there is a wonderful football match on Saturday evening？ Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•南京六校高一测试）When I was in my first year of high school， I had a terrible time when every area of my life was a disaster．I felt so hopeless and alone that I thought everything was impossible． 　　On one such day， I was walking from class across the school to catch the school bus home， with my head down， fighting tears of total hopelessness， when a young man came down the sidewalk toward me．Though I had never seen him before， I did not want him to see that I was in such low spirits， so I turned my head away and hoped to hurry past．I thought he’d walk on by， but he moved until he was directly in front of me， waited until I looked up， and then smiled． 　　Looking into my eyes， this stranger spoke in a quiet voice， “Whatever is wrong will pass．You’re going to be OK， just hang on．” He then smiled again and walked away． 　　I can’t explain the effect of that man’s unexpected kindness and care! He gave me the one thing that I’d lost completely — hope．I looked for him in our school to thank him， but never saw him again． 　　That was thirty years ago．And I’ve never forgotten that moment．Over the years， whenever I see someone who is in trouble， I will always think of that young man and try to give a flash of hope in the dark wherever I can．I carry things for people when they are too heavy for them， sit with naughty babies in the waiting room while their mothers are busy， or talk to tired couples at the checkout line or it could be anything．If you keep your head up， your heart will show you the place that needs hope． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者高中一年级时陷入绝望，陌生年轻人的鼓励给予其希望，此后作者也常向他人传递希望。 1.How did the author feel when he was a freshman？ （　　） A．Joyful．　 B．Desperate． C．Confident． D．Positive． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在高中一年级的时候，作者经历了一段绝望的时光。 2.Where did the author meet the young man？ （　　） A．In the school．　 B．In the school bus． C．In the classroom． D．In the library． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，作者是在学校见到了这个年轻人。 3.What can we infer about the author from the passage？ （　　） A．He was very grateful to that young man． B．He had known the young man for a long time． C．He avoided meeting the young man since then． D．He made friends with the young man afterwards． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的I looked for him in our school to thank him， but never saw him again．可推知，作者非常感激那个年轻人。 4.What can we know from the passage？ （　　） A．The young man always tried his best to help those who were in trouble． B．The author traveled to a lot of places to look for the young man but failed． C．It was the young man’s smile and words that made the author feel hopeful． D．The author had never been praised by others before he met the young man． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段内容可推知，是那个年轻人的微笑和话语使作者感觉到希望。 B 　　（2026•滨州高一上检测）The Golden Week is just about to end and soon we will be back at school．It’s with both happiness and sadness．I look forward to seeing my friends and starting practice again， but it also means that I’m officially going through the placement test in less than half a year．From that time on I can choose some subjects I am good at and like．With school starting there are new club activities to try out and experience．For example， Lily is starting a new sport， track．It’s similar to Cross Country， which I did before the Golden Week． 　　Being here for a month now， I can easily tell the differences between my junior and senior schools．The hardest or most different part for me was to have the same schedule every day here．Honestly， I prefer to have different classes every day， as I did in my junior school．However， I have fallen in love with the Friday football games．Football is one of my favorite sports now．Before I came， I knew nothing about it．Now I love it， especially watching it with my junior schoolmates．In the Golden Week， we have also been so lucky to go to two school football games． 　　Before I left school on the Golden Week， I had a test called Weekly Test．Mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes， it went pretty smoothly．My favorite class is English， and also my hardest．Personally， I really like English， where I could write essays （文章）， challenge writing skills and improve English talking． 　　With the end of the Golden Week， I expect to start again， start a new sport and see my friends and classmates． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在新校园的生活经历及其感受。 5.Why does the author feel sad before school starts again？（　　） A．Her homework is not finished． B．The placement test will take place soon． C．Her school life will get harder． D．The new sport no longer attracts her． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的but it also means that I’m officially going through the placement test in less than half a year可知，在学校开学之前，作者感到悲伤是因为分班考试将很快到来。 6.How does the author’s junior school differ from the one she is in now？（　　） A．The holidays are longer．　 B．The teachers are kinder． C．The meals are healthier． D．The courses are richer． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Honestly， I prefer to have different classes every day， as I did in my junior school．可推知，作者的初中学校与现在的学校不同之处在于作者的初中课程更丰富，每天都有不一样的课。 7.What does the author enjoy doing most with her junior schoolmates？（　　） A．Watching football matches． B．Playing video games． C．Having a talk in English． D．Visiting her relatives． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的However， I have fallen in love with the Friday football games ．．．Now I love it， especially watching it with my junior schoolmates．可知，作者最喜欢和她的初中同学一起看足球比赛。 8.What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to？（　　） A．A class．　 B．A game． C．A test． D．A school． 解析：C　代词指代题。根据第三段中的Before I left school on the Golden Week， I had a test called Weekly Test．Mostly because I didn’t have too many hard classes， it went pretty smoothly．可知，it指代上文已经提及的a test。 Ⅱ．语法填空 　　Now I have become a senior high school student and this means I have a chance to become a different person， a much 9.　　　　　　　（good） one! I’ve made up my mind to set new goals myself! I think I will need to play more sports．I 10.　　　　　　（schedule） to run every day in order to build up my body．I even look forward to 11.　　　　　　（run） an exciting half marathon． 　　However， I used to spend hours surfing the web 12.　　　　　　　chatting online instead of communicating with people face to face．In fact， until last year I have been described as 13.　　　　　　Internet addict （迷）! So one thing I really want to change is the time I spend in the online world and it’s time to get out of it and make a 14.　　　　　 （different） in the real world．A few weeks ago， I 15.　　　　　　（surf） the Internet when I was attracted by a website of a charity （慈善） organization．It supports children in need and has volunteers 16.　　　　　　would like to spend time with the children． 　　Encouraged by their kindness， I know that I really enjoy 17.　　　　　　（do） some voluntary work in the future．I’ll write to ask if I can join them.18.　　　　　　（hopeful）， I can start my own charity in the future． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在进入高中后的计划。 9.better　根据句意以及空前的much可知，此处应用good的比较级。故填better。 10.am scheduled　考查时态和固定短语。schedule 用作动词，意为“安排；为……安排时间”。be scheduled to do sth计划做某事。根据上下文语境可知用一般现在时。故填am scheduled。 11.running　考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth表示期待做某事，to是介词，此处应用动词－ing形式作宾语。故填running。 12.and　考查连词。设空处连接动词－ing形式surfing和chatting，意为“和”，故填连词and。 13.an　考查冠词。此处addict为可数名词，泛指一个“网瘾者”，应用不定冠词；且Internet的发音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。 14.difference　考查名词。make a difference意为“有影响、起作用”，此处用名词作宾语。故填difference。 15.was surfing　考查时态。此处表示正在做某事，这时……，英文句式为be doing ．．．when ．．．。结合下文的I was attracted可知，此处应用过去进行时。故填was surfing。 16.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为volunteers，指人，且从句中缺少主语，故填who/that。 17.doing　考查非谓语动词。enjoy doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，故填doing。 18.Hopefully　考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词，故填Hopefully。 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $