WELCOME UNIT Period 3 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第一册教用Word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦英语句子成分、基本句型结构及语篇应用核心知识点，通过“句子成分识别（维度一）—句型结构写作（维度二）—语篇综合填空（维度三）”的递进脉络，搭建从基础到综合的学习支架，帮助学生系统掌握语法知识并实现语用迁移。 该资料特色在于分层设计与素养融合，基础巩固练通过具体句子成分分析和句型写作提升语言能力，综合提升练中阅读理解题（如科学家奋斗故事）培养思维品质，七选五和语法填空提供真实语境助力学习能力。课中辅助教师实施分层教学，课后帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[基础知识巩固练] 维度一　写出下列句中加黑部分在句中所作的成分 1．It was a beautiful morning.定语 2．Don't keep me waiting too long.宾语补足语 3．Eyes are the window to the soul.表语 4．I will order you a new dictionary for your birthday.直接宾语 5．What you said just now didn't make me happy.主语 6．Mr. Wang will give us a lecture on how to learn English well.间接宾语 7．We do sincerely hope that your health will improve soon.宾语 8．Making great progress in your new school will be not so easy for you. 主语 9．Three new schools have been opened in our town in the past five years.谓语 10．They should make use of their spare time to taste these wonderful works carefully.状语 维度二　语法与写作 1．国庆节就要到了。(主语＋谓语) National Day is coming. 2．我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语＋谓语＋宾语) We haven't decided when to discuss the problem again. 3．每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Every morning we can hear him read English aloud. 4．过去10年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主语＋谓语＋状语) Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years. 5．昨晚奶奶送给我一个非常漂亮的玩偶。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语) Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night. 6．现在这种活动在高中里变得很受欢迎。(主语＋系动词＋表语) Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in high schools. 7．昨天，我们的英语老师给我们讲了一个关于勇敢女孩的故事。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)　 Our English teacher told us a story about a brave girl yesterday. 8．作为一名高中生，我认为英语是一门非常重要的学科。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语) As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject. 9．这个周末汤姆不打算去看电影。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语) Tom is not going to see the film this weekend. 10．山顶上有一座古庙。(There be句型) There is an old temple on the top of the mountain. 维度三　语篇填空 Good morning, everyone！1.It's a great honour(很荣幸→SVP) for me to introduce myself to all of you.My name is Serena and 2.I'm fifteen years old(我十五岁了→SVP). 3．I come from Weihai(我来自威海市→SVO)which is a beautiful coast place. I wish you can visit it and I believe that 4.you will be impressed(你会印象深刻→SVP).English classics and movies are my favourites because 5.they can help me learn and relax(它们能帮助我学习和放松→SVOOC).6.I like making friends(我喜欢交朋友→SVO), especially the ones who share common interests with me.And I think we can have much to share and talk about.7.I hope to make progress with my friends(我希望能和我的朋友们一起进步→SVOA). Thank you. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[综合能力提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·嘉兴高一月考)Today was my first day at senior high and it was hard. In high school, you have 4 minutes to get to your next class. My high school is very big and those 4 minutes to go from one class to another really isn't a lot of time. Today I had to go from one end of the building to the other to get from science class to math class. I wanted to go to my locker first and leave my science book there, but that took time. I was worried about being late, and I was. The math teacher said, “Just be on time tomorrow, or you'll have detention (放学后留校).” After math, I went to art class. I like my art class a lot because I get to create things. The teacher there showed us how to make portraits (肖像). He explained, “A portrait is a way of communicating with a person. It does not just show how the person looks but what is important to understand the person.” We just did drawings today, but I know it's going to be great. I like drawing. I like my English class, too. I think the teacher is really supportive. Today we wrote about ourselves. The teacher told us to just write what we think, and we'll pay attention to punctuation (标点) later. We could write a paragraph or a poem, and I wrote a poem about myself. I thought it was a good poem, and the teacher said I had used good images (意象) to communicate my feelings. Lunch was very hurried. I arrived at the dining room with 12 minutes to eat. I sat with people I didn't know, and everyone was eating quickly. After lunch I signed up for a computer club. I need to learn how to use a computer well because my social studies teacher says it is the one skill you need in every class. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者高中生活第一天的经历与感受。 1．What happened to the author after science class? A．He was late for math class. B．He got lost on the campus. C．He lost his science textbook. D．He was given detention. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，科学课下课后，作者上数学课迟到了。 2．What did the author think of his art class? A．Difficult. B．Boring. C．Enjoyable. D．Easy. C　解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的“I like my art class a lot because I get to create things.”和“We just did drawings...like drawing.”可知，作者认为他的艺术课是有趣的。 3．What did the English teacher do after seeing the author's work? A．He pointed out the author's mistake. B．He praised the author. C．He asked the author to check punctuation. D．He encouraged the author to introduce himself. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I thought it was a good poem, and the teacher said I had used good images to communicate my feelings.”可知，英语老师看到作者的作品后表扬了作者。 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．My new skills learned in high school. B．My new teachers in high school. C．My favorite classes in high school. D．My first day in high school. D　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“Today was my first day at senior high and it was hard.”可知，本文主要讲述了作者在高中第一天的经历。 B (2026·济宁一中高一月考)How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra (代数) or enjoy working out number puzzles. Maths is all around us, from working out how to split the bill after a meal to calculating your household bills. But many people dread the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures, and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem depressing, but this “maths anxiety” is perfectly normal, and you're definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don't necessarily show our ability. Research traces maths anxiety back to school experiences. Nervous teachers may unintentionally pass their fears to students, and girls are particularly vulnerable. Data from 34 countries reveals striking numbers: 31% of teenagers feel nervous about solving problems, 33% stress over homework, and nearly 60% fear difficult classes. Shulamit Kahn, a Boston University expert, argues that positive role models—especially female teachers—are critical to building confidence in young learners. Writing for BBC Future, David Robson says, “It's not clear why maths causes so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there's only one correct answer—there's no room for bluffing—might make you more worried about under­performing.” And once we suppose we're not a “maths person”， we avoid solving things that we probably could do. Psychologists have been trying to work out why maths can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that expressing your fears can loosen their hold on you and recommend children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. In fact, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“数学焦虑”展开讨论，旨在引导人们正确看待数学学习，通过转变思维来缓解焦虑，从而以更健康的态度面对数学。 5．What does the author think of “maths anxiety”？ A．It doesn't mean poor ability. B．It affects almost everyone from birth. C．It naturally disappears with age. D．It only troubles school children. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“this ‘maths anxiety’ is perfectly normal...our worries and fears don't necessarily show our ability”可知，作者认为人们对数学的焦虑和恐惧并不能反映出他们的能力，即“数学焦虑”并不意味着能力差。 6．What does the underlined sentence “there's no room for bluffing” mean about maths problems? A．They require creative thinking. B．They can be understood differently. C．They demand exact answers. D．They include many maths steps. C　解析：句意猜测题。根据画线句前的破折号可知，该句是对破折号前面fact的同位语从句“that there's only one correct answer”的解释，由此可推知，该句是强调数学学科题目答案的唯一性，即数学要求确切的答案。 7．How do psychologists advise reducing maths anxiety? A．Ignore it and move on to harder problems. B．Adjust exams to lower stress for students. C．Voice your worries and try again. D．Replace daily maths with puzzle games. C　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，心理学家建议勇敢说出自己对数学的担忧并保持积极的态度， 再试一次，以此来减少对数学的焦虑。 8．What is the best title for the passage? A．How Do We Learn Maths Effectively? B．Is Maths Worth Learning? C．Are Boys Better at Maths than Girls? D．Should We Fear Maths? D　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了“数学焦虑”这一现象及成因，以及心理学家对于如何减少数学焦虑的建议， 整体围绕是否应该害怕数学展开讨论。因此，D项最适合作文章标题。 C (2026·湖北黄冈中学高一月考)What kind of people can become scientists? When a group of researchers posed that question to ninth­and 10th­graders, almost every student gave such responses as “People who work hard” or “Anyone who seems interested in the field of science.” Many of these same students struggled to imagine themselves as scientists, citing concerns such as “I'm not good at science” and “Even if I work hard, I will not do well.” It's easy for them to see a scientist's work as arising from an inborn talent. But for high school students, learning more about some struggles of scientists can help students feel more motivated to learn science. Researchers at Teachers College, Columbia University and the University of Washington designed an intervention to change students' beliefs that scientific achievement reflects ability rather than effort by exposing students to stories of how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts. During the study, the students read one of three types of stories about Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Michael Faraday. Intellectual struggle stories: stories about how scientists “struggled intellectually，” such as making mistakes while tackling a scientific problem and learning from them. Life struggle stories: stories about how scientists struggled in their personal lives, such as not giving up in the face of poverty or lack of family support. Achievement stories: stories about how scientists made great discoveries, without any discussion of coexisting challenges. Researchers found that students who heard any type of “struggle stories” improved their science performance post­intervention, relative to students in the control group. The effect was especially pronounced for lower performing students, for whom exposure to struggling stories led to significantly better science­class performance than low­performing students who read achievement stories. In addition, students who read struggle stories reported feeling more personally connected to the scientists. By identifying a scientist's struggles and introducing the growth mindset he or she applied to accomplish great works, the students were able to empathize (共情) with the scientists during their own struggles. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生误以为科学家是靠天赋，因此缺乏自信。研究表明让学生阅读科学家的奋斗故事可提升成绩与共情。 9．Why do students fail to imagine themselves as scientists? A．Because they lack interest in science. B．Because they don't possess inborn talent. C.Because they are short of confidence. D．Because they have no ability to study science. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，学生因不自信，觉得自己不擅长科学或努力也无用，且认为科学工作需天赋，所以无法将自己想象成科学家。 10．What's the purpose of the intervention? A.To introduce some inspirational stories to students. B.To expose students to scientists' great achievements. C．To ensure students will become scientists in the future. D．To clear students' misunderstandings of scientific work. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Researchers at Teachers College...how accomplished scientists struggled and overcame challenges in their scientific efforts.”可知，干预措施的目的是纠正学生认为科学成就靠能力而非努力的误解，即消除学生对科学工作的错误认知。 11．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in the last paragraph mean? A．Soft. B．Lasting. C．Doubtful. D．Obvious. D　解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers found that...science­class performance than low­performing students who read achievement stories.”可知，成绩差的学生受奋斗故事影响，成绩提升更显著。由此可推知，画线词意为“明显的”。 12．What can we learn from the research? A．Science ability has nothing to do with efforts. B．Students are more motivated by achievement stories. C．Scientists' struggle stories can influence readers' beliefs. D．Low­performing students tend to feel connected to scientists. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，科学家的奋斗故事可以影响读者的观念。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·临沂一中高一月考)So what's high school really like? Is there more work or more stress? Will it be difficult to go from being one of the oldest middle school students to one of the youngest high school students? 1.________________________Here are some tips for freshmen in high school. 2．________________________There are hundreds of teens experiencing what you are experiencing this very moment! Although you may feel a million different things, just remember that there are people that are feeling the same way. Put those feelings aside and put a smile on your face! You can make new friends. At the beginning of high­school years, a lot of students will stay with the friends they already know. 3. ________________________In fact, these students would rather be out making new friends but may be too shy. So don't be afraid to go out and introduce yourself to a new person. Don't be afraid to ask questions. If you don't understand something, ask your teacher! It's possible that there are others who don't get it either and are silently having the same question. 4. ________________________ Join an interesting club or sport. High school is the time to try new things. 5. ________________________There are so many clubs to choose from, like the environmental club, the Spanish club, the cooking club, and so many more! Many schools also offer many sports, including a freshman level! Joining a club or sport is also a great way to meet people! A．You aren't alone. B．Go to social events. C．They'll be glad someone speaks up. D．Such worries may appear in your mind. E．Luckily high school has so much to offer. F．It seems like everyone already has a friend group. G．You can go to one of them if you have a question. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章针对高中新生可能面临的一些困惑和担忧，提供了一些实用的建议和方法。 1. D　解析：根据上文内容可知，本段介绍了高中新生可能会有的担忧和疑问，D项承接上文，符合语境。 2．A　解析：根据下文“There are hundreds of teens experiencing...feeling the same way.”可知，有很多青少年都在经历着和你一样的事情，所以你并不孤单，A项概括下文内容，符合语境。 3．F　解析：根据上文“At the beginning...friends they already know.”可知，很多学生在高中开始时会和他们已经认识的朋友待在一起，F项进一步解释这样做的原因，符合语境。 4．C　解析：根据上文“Don't be afraid to ask questions...having the same question.”可知，不要害怕提问，如果你不明白什么，就问老师，可能还有其他人也不明白，正在默默地有着同样的问题，C项说明提问的好处，可能会帮到其他人，留下好的印象，符合语境。 5．E　解析：根据上文“Join an interesting club or sport. High school is the time to try new things.”可知，参加一个有趣的俱乐部或一项运动，高中是尝试新事物的时候，E项说明高中有很多机会可以让学生尝试新事物，承接上文，符合语境。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2026·吉安高一期中)Do you feel anxious when moving up to senior high school? It is a completely new experience 1.______________(explore) the new life on the campus, but there is no need for you to be over­concerned.We've found a guide to help you. You are not alone.Remember that everybody else in your grade is in the same boat.You may not notice it, but they are just as nervous as you are and have the same 2.______________(curious) to figure out how to get ready soon. Moving up to senior high school is not a problem, but 3.______________ chance.Although things seem to be totally different, all you need to concentrate 4.______________ is to be open­minded and learn the new rules.What you can depend on is that the teachers are always willing to offer help.If you don't know what to do or are 5.______________(annoy) about something, ask them for help.Teachers are 6.______________(probable) the best people to turn to because they have experience in helping newcomers. Everything will be fine at last.Undoubtedly, you're having trouble 7.______________(get) started in the first place and you find your academic stress reach an all­time high.However, if you are confident and determined, you'll find a way out sooner or later.As 8.______________(know) to all, the world makes way for the man who knows 9.______________ he is going.So remind 10.______________(you) the awkward period will not last long.Everything will turn out fine in the end. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了升入高中后缓解内心焦虑的几条建议。 1．to explore　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句型“it is＋n.＋to do sth.”，该句型中it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。 2．curiosity　解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作have的宾语，应用名词形式。 3．a　解析：考查冠词。空后chance为可数名词，空处缺少冠词，此处泛指“一个机会”，chance的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 4．on　解析：考查介词。concentrate on为固定短语，意为“集中……”。 5．annoyed　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作are的表语，应用形容词形式。 6．probably　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词作状语。probably意为“可能地”。 7．getting　解析：考查非谓语动词。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，空处应用动名词形式作宾语。 8．is known　解析：考查固定句型。“As is known to all”为固定句型，意为“众所周知”。 9．where　解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，此处表示“哪儿”，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。 10．yourself　解析：考查反身代词。根据句意可知，此处为“提醒你自己”，应用反身代词作宾语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $