2027届高考英语一轮之对社会有突出贡献的人物主题复习 任务单

该高中英语高考复习任务单围绕“对社会有突出贡献的人物”主题，系统整合阅读词汇、课标核心词、拓展词汇、核心短语、经典句式及书面表达语料，构建“词汇-短语-句式-语用”四层知识网络，通过问题链设计引导学生自主梳理重点单词用法和句式结构，形成主题化考点认知体系。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层训练设计，如专项训练中“核心词训练”“熟词生义练”等模块，帮助学生精准定位薄弱点，培养语言能力和思维品质。书面表达语料积累提供应用文与读后续写背诵素材，助力学生提升语用能力，教师可通过学情反馈实现个性化指导，有效培养学生自主复习能力。

2027年高考英语一轮之对社会有突出贡献的人物主题复习 I.阅读词汇 doctorate n. 博士学位 botanical adj. 植物学的 malaria n. 疟疾 extract n. 提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据；重要性 patent n. 专利权；专利证书 vt. 获得专利 adj. 受专利保护的 authority n. 权威；权力；官方 institute n.(教育、专业等) 机构；机构建筑 professor n. 教授 mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；忧伤 data n. 数据；资料 提示：单数为datum numerous adj. 众多的；许多的 提示：该词只能接复数名词 II. 课标核心词 genius n.(pl.geniuses) 天才；天资；天赋 flee vi.&vt.(fled,fled) 迅速离开；逃跑 拓展：近义词escape remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的 extraordinary adj. 非凡的；意想不到的 liquid n. 液体 adj. 液态的 boil vt.&vi.(使) 沸腾；烧开 n. 沸腾；沸点 obtain vt.(经努力) 获得，赢得 vi. 沿袭；流行 拓展：近义词procure获得 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚的 拓展：同义词frank circumstance n.[pl.] 条件；环境；状况 拓展：under no circumstances决不 found vt. 创建；建立；把……建立在 注意：过去式/过去分词为founded severe adj. 严重的；剧烈的；严厉的 注意：该词用于替换低级词serious theory n. 理论；学说 credit n. 赞扬；认可；信用 vt. 把…… 归功于 conduct vt.&vi. 组织；实施；指挥；举止 publish vt. 出版；发表；公布 charge vt.&vi. 充电；收费；控告；使承担责任 n. 收费；控告；掌管 encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遭遇 n. 邂逅；遭遇 draft n. 草稿；草案 vt. 起草；草拟 experiment n. 实验；尝试 vi. 做试验；尝试 postpone vt. 延迟；推迟 拓展：postpone doing sth推迟做某事 intellectual adj. 脑力的；有才智的 n. 知识分子 qualification n. 资格 capable adj. 有能力的，有才能的 拓展：be capable of doing sth能够做某事 diligent adj. 勤奋的 straightforward adj. 坦率的 thoughtful adj. 考虑周到的 limited adj. 有限的 Ⅲ.拓展词汇 objective n. 目的，目标 adj. 客观的→objectively adv. 客观地 gradual adj. 逐渐的；渐进的→gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 acknowledge vt. 承认；(公开) 感谢→acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 apparently adv. 显而易见；看来→apparent adj. 明显的；表面上的 infer (inferred,inferred) vt. 推断，推定→inference n. 推断；推理 hope n.&v. 希望；期望→hopeful adj. 怀有希望的→hopeless adj. 绝望的 self n. 自我；自身→selfish adj. 自私的→selfless adj. 无私的→selflessness n. 无私→selfishness n. 自私自利 commit vt. 犯 (错 / 罪)；承诺；投入时间 / 精力→committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的→commitment n. 投入；奉献；承诺 academy n. 研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj. 学业的；学术的 evaluate vt. 评价；评估→evaluation n. 评价；评估 analyse (美‑ze) vt. 分析→analysis (pl.analyses) n. 分析 scientific adj. 科学的→science n. 科学→scientist n. 科学家 declare vt. 宣称；公布；申报→declaration n. 宣称；宣布 novelist n. 小说家→novel n. 长篇小说 adj. 新颖的 politician n. 政治家；政客→politics n. 政治→political adj. 政治的 responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的→responsibility n. 责任；职责→responsibly adv. 负责地 passion n. 酷爱；激情→passionate adj. 热爱的；充满激情的 contribute vi.&vt. 贡献；促成；投稿；捐助→contribution n. 贡献；促成作用；稿件 curious adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的→curiosity n. 好奇心→curiously adv. 好奇地 intend vi.&vt. 打算；计划；意指→intended adj. 计划的；专为…… 设计的→intention n. 打算；目的 IV.核心短语 commit oneself to (doing) sth 承诺；致力于做某事 insist on 坚决要求；坚持 take up 拿起；占据；开始从事；接受 come to power (开始) 掌权；上台 sum up 总结；概括 be strict with对……严格 speed up (使) 加速 through trial and error 反复试验 be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑) put forward 提出；提议 by accident 偶然，意外地 with the objective of 带着……的目的 manage to do sth 设法做成某事 have a passion for 酷爱；对……怀有强烈热爱 succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 V.经典句式 1.倍数表达法（be + 倍数 + 比较级 + than） 句型结构：A+be + 倍数 + adj./adv. 比较级 + than+B，表示“A比B……多少倍”。 Our great designer, Mr Green,designed a new stadium which is three times larger than the playground. 我们伟大的设计师格林先生设计了一座比操场大三倍的新体育场。 2.It is/was…that… 句型结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余句子成分，可强调主语、宾语、状语。 It was through the unique experience that I realized that the outstanding professor had made great contributions to our country. 正是通过这次独特的经历，我意识到这位杰出的教授对我们的国家做出了巨大贡献。 VI. 重点单词精讲 1.acknowledge vt. 承认；公开感谢 词块： acknowledge sb/sth to be/as… 承认某人 / 某物是…… acknowledge doing/having done sth 承认做过某事 It is widely/universally acknowledged that… 大家公认……（it为形式主语，that引导主语从句） 2.commit vt. 犯 (错误、罪行)；投入；承诺 词块： commit oneself to (doing) sth 承诺、致力于 (做) 某事 be committed to (doing) sth 全身心投入做某事 commit time/energy to sth 把时间精力投入某事 3.contribute vi.&vt. 贡献；促成；投稿；捐助 词块： contribute to 对……做贡献；促成；投稿 make contributions to (doing) sth 为 (做) 某事做贡献 4.charge vt.&vi. 收费；控告；充电；掌管 n. 费用；指控 词块： charge sb with sth 指控某人…… in charge of 掌管（主动） in the charge of 由……掌管（被动） take charge of 接管；掌管 free of charge 免费 5.intend vt. 打算；计划 词块： intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事 had intended to do 本打算做（实际未实现） be intended for sth 旨在；专为…… 设计 6.come短语归纳 come to power 掌权；上台 come across 偶遇 come about 发生 come out 出版；(花) 开放 come up with 想出，提出 When it comes to… 当谈及…… VII. 书面表达背诵语料积累 一、应用文 1.专属背诵词块 make great contributions to society 为社会做出巨大贡献 be acknowledged as 被公认为 devote one’s lifetime to doing sth 毕生致力于做某事 be driven by a strong passion for… 被对…… 的强烈热爱所驱动 through persistent efforts 经过不懈努力 set a shining example for us 为我们树立光辉榜样 2.好句背诵 (1) It is widely acknowledged that he devoted his whole life to scientific research,making remarkable breakthroughs for the benefit of mankind. 人们普遍公认他毕生投身科研，为人类福祉取得了非凡突破。 (2) Driven by a strong passion for science,he overcame countless difficulties and finally succeeded in achieving what most people thought impossible. 在对科学的满腔热爱驱使下，他克服重重困难，最终完成了大多数人眼中不可能实现的事。 (3) What makes him admirable is his selfless devotion,which sets a shining example for the younger generation. 令他受人敬佩的是他无私的奉献精神，这为年轻一代树立了光辉榜样。 二、读后续写 1.常用词汇 passionate adj. 满腔热忱的 selfless adj. 无私的 diligent adj. 勤奋的 persistent adj. 坚持不懈的 devote vt. 奉献；投身 overcome vt. 克服 inspire vt. 激励；鼓舞 admire vt. 敬佩；钦佩 mourn vt. 哀悼 tough adj. 艰难的 2.高频词块 of medium height 中等身高 a strong will 强大的意志 stick to one’s dream 坚守梦想 overcome all barriers 冲破重重阻碍 burst into tears 失声痛哭 overcome with sorrow 满心悲痛 tears stream down one’s cheeks 泪水顺着脸颊流淌 3.好句背诵 (1) Tears streaming down my cheeks,I felt deeply inspired by his selfless devotion to the public. 泪水顺着脸颊滑落，他对大众无私奉献的精神深深激励了我。 (2) It was his strong will that helped him get through one tough challenge after another. 正是强大的意志帮助他熬过一个又一个艰难的挑战。 VIII. 专项训练 一、核心词训练 1.acknowledge (1)It is widely________(acknowledge) that selfless scientists deserve our highest respect. (2)He acknowledged________(fail) many times before he finally made the breakthrough. 2.commit (1)________(commit) to his research,he seldom spared time for rest. (2)His total ________(commit) to the cause won him wide praise. 3.contribute (1)Numerous scientists have made great________(contribute) to human progress. (2)Hard work as well as wisdom contributes________his success. 4.intend (1)The programme is intended________young people who have a passion for science. (2)I had intended________(join) the lecture,but I fell ill unexpectedly. 5.come短语 (1) Nobody knew how it came________that he achieved so much under such bad conditions. (2) When it comes________admiring great figures,different people hold different opinions. 二、熟词生义练 1.charge (1)The hotel will charge you extra for extra‑size luggage.________ (2)The young man was charged with stealing research data.________ (3)Professor Wang will be in charge of the new research institute.________ 2.credit (1)Much of the success is credited to his persistent hard work.________ (2)He got full credit for his outstanding paper.________ 三、核心知识强化练 (1)__________(commit) to scientific cause,the scientist cared little about personal gain. (2)He has a passion________exploring unknown fields of science. (3)It was through constant efforts________he finally overcame those obstacles. (4)Only by________(analyse) data repeatedly can we draw a reliable conclusion. (5)He managed________(achieve) what few people could finish through trial and error. (6)The new lab building is three times________large than the old one. (7)It is crucial that we________(value) the spirit of those selfless contributors. (8)Many young people intend________(follow) in the footsteps of those great minds. (9)Apart________hard work,self-discipline also plays a vital role in one’s achievements. (10)What impressed us most was his________(self) devotion to public interests. 参考答案 一、核心词训练 acknowledge (1)acknowledged (2)having failed/failing commit (1)Committed (2)commitment contribute (1)contributions (2)to intend (1)for (2)to join come 短语 (1) about (2) to 二、熟词生义练 charge (1) 收费 (2) 控告；指控 (3) 掌管；主管 credit (1) 把…… 归功于 (2) 赞扬；认可 三、核心知识强化练 (1)Committed (2)for (3)that (4)analysing (5)to achieve (6)larger (7)(should) value (8)to follow (9)from (10)selfless 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $