Unit 6 At One with Nature（知识清单）英语外研版必修第一册

该高中英语单元知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 6 At One with Nature”的核心内容，涵盖词汇（阅读、写作、变形、拓展及熟词生义）、语法（介词+关系代词定语从句等）、写作（话题、框架、句型及素材）三大知识范畴，为学生搭建了从“词汇积累”到“语法应用”再到“话题写作”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“分层分类”和“关联应用”构建知识体系，如词汇按阅读与写作功能划分，语法结合课本原句解析，培养学生语言能力。特别设计“易错点集锦”（如prevent/stop/keep用法辨析）和“记忆口诀”（如“keep搭配from不能省”），标注高频短语（in harmony with等），助力思维品质提升与学习能力发展，学生可自主巩固重难点，教师能据此设计针对性教学活动，提升课堂实效。

Unit 6 At One with Nature 词汇 1、 阅读词汇： vapour n. 蒸气 reef n. 礁，珊瑚礁 n.（冰或水等的）一大片 frost n. 霜 terrace n. 梯田 dynasty n. 朝代 basin n. 盆地，低洼地 steep adj. 陡的，陡峭的 soil n. 土壤 n. 障碍，壁垒 organism n. 有机体；生物 n. 天文台，观象台 grand adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的 platform n. 高台，平台 sail v.（乘船）航行 n. 气候 branch n. 树枝；分支 rooftop n. 屋顶 n. 味道，滋味 insect n. 昆虫 crop n. 庄稼，作物 n. 完成，结束 ocean n. 海洋 planet n. 行星 breeze n. 微风，和风 2、 写作词汇： region n. 地区，区域 adv. 因此，由此 shallow adj. 浅的 v. 阻挡，防止 harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐 v. 设计 harm v.&n. 伤害；损害 agriculture n. 农业 v. 以…… 替换，更换 material n. 材料 consumer n. 消费者 priority n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 n. 结构，构造 living adj. 活的；现存的 narrow adj. 狭窄的 v. 缩小，使变窄 v. 出版 expert adj. 内行的，专家的 n. 专家 adj. 有限的 n. 好处，益处 v. 有益于；受益 n. 力量；活力；能源 n. 系统 imagine v. 想象；设想 把…… 一代传一代，使流传 阻止…… 做…… 与…… 和谐相处 be home to 是…… 的家园 / 所在地 give priority to 优先考虑 reflect on 仔细思考，反思 lead to 引起，导致 3、 词汇变形： 1. complete v. 完成 adj. 完全的→ n. 完成，结束→completely adv. 完全地 2. region n. 地区→regional adj. 地区的，区域的 3. prevent v. 阻止→ n. 预防，阻止→preventive adj. 预防性的 4. harmony n. 和谐→harmonious adj. 和谐的→harmoniously adv. 和谐地 5. harm v.&n. 伤害→ adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的 6. agriculture n. 农业→ adj. 农业的 7. replace v. 替换→ n. 替换；替代品 8. consume v. 消耗，消费→consumer n. 消费者→consumption n. 消耗，消费 9. priority n. 优先事项→prior adj. 优先的；先前的 10. beauty n. 美，美丽→ adj. 美丽的→beautify v. 美化 11. narrow adj. 狭窄的→ adv. 勉强地；狭隘地 12. sail v. 航行→sailing n. 航行；帆船运动→sailor n. 水手 13. publish v. 出版→ n. 出版商，出版机构 14. limit v. 限制 n. 界限→limited adj. 有限的→unlimited adj. 无限的 15. benefit n. 益处 v. 有益于→ adj. 有利的，有益的 16.energy n. 精力；能源→ adj. 精力充沛的 4、 拓展词汇 at one with 与…… 融为一体 pass down 流传，世代相传 prevent…from… 阻止…… 做某事 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 be home to 是…… 的家园 give priority to 优先考虑 reflect on 仔细思考，反思 lead to 导致，引起 from the bottom to the very top 从底部到顶端 do harm to 对…… 造成伤害 benefit from 从…… 中受益 plenty of 大量，许多 in doubt 怀疑，不确定 turn…into… 把…… 变成…… 5、 熟词生义 1. sheet熟义：n. 床单；一张（纸） 生义：n.（冰、水等的）一大片 例句：A sheet of ice covered the whole lake. 一大片冰覆盖了整个湖面。 2. catch熟义：v. 抓住，接住 生义：v. 接（落下的液体） 例句：Terraces catch the rainwater. 梯田承接雨水。 3. design熟义：v. 设计 生义：be designed for 专为…… 而设计 例句：The terraces are designed for growing rice. 梯田是为种植水稻而设计的。 4. living熟义：v. 居住（live 现在分词） 生义：adj. 活的，现存的 例句：living organisms 活的有机体，生物 5. narrow熟义：adj. 狭窄的 生义：v.（使）缩小，变窄 例句：We must narrow the gap between city and countryside. 我们必须缩小城乡差距。 6. branch熟义：n. 树枝 生义：n. 分支，分部 例句：a branch of the company 公司的一个分部 7. priority熟义：n. 优先权 生义：n. 当务之急，优先处理的事 例句：Environmental protection is a top priority. 环境保护是头等大事。 8. sail熟义：v. 乘船航行 生义：v. 平稳地行进 写作 句型 1. 无灵主语（季节、时间名词作主语） 课本原句：Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 译文：夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。 仿句：Autumn sees the whole mountain covered with red leaves. 译文：秋天，整座山被红叶覆盖。 2. 否定词 + 比较级 表达最高级含义 课本原句：many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass. 译文：许多英国人最喜欢周日修剪草坪。 仿句：I like nothing better than getting close to nature. 译文：我最喜欢亲近大自然。 3. 现在分词作状语 课本原句：Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains. 译文：目之所及，这些梯田覆盖着巍峨的高山。 仿句：Walking along the valley, we enjoyed the beauty of nature. 译文：沿着山谷漫步，我们欣赏大自然的美景。 4. 强调句型 It is/was…that… 课本原句：During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 译文：雨季时，正是沿着这些水渠，雨水从山上流入梯田。 仿句：It is human wisdom that creates this great wonder. 译文：正是人类的智慧造就了这一伟大奇观。 5. which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事 例句：The terraces have existed for centuries, which shows the wisdom of ancient people. 译文：梯田已经存在数百年，这体现了古人的智慧。 语法 语法1：介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句（which/whom） ①先行词指物：介词 + which；先行词指人：介词 + whom；不能用 that/who 例：This is the region in which the famous terraces lie. 这就是著名梯田所在的地区。 例：The expert with whom we talked studies agriculture. 和我们交谈的那位专家研究农业。 ②介词可以来自从句动词搭配、先行词固定搭配、语境含义；介词可以后置，此时 that/which 可以用、可省略。 语法2：不定代词 / 数量词 + of which /of whom 例：There are many plants here, some of which are rare. 这里有很多植物，其中一些很稀有。例：We met several farmers, most of whom knew the history of terraces. 我们遇见几位农民，他们大多数了解梯田历史。 语法3：非限制性定语从句（逗号隔开） ❌ 不能用 that；which 可以指代前面整件事情。 语法4：whose 引导定语从句；可转换为 “the +n.+of which/whom” 例：a region whose climate is wet = a region the climate of which is wet 语法5：as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别as 正如（可放句首）；which 不能置于句首。 语法6：现在分词作状语：doing 表主动伴随；逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。 写作 本单元写作话题：人与自然；人文自然景观介绍；人与自然和谐共处；文章摘要 summary 写作；环境保护。体裁：说明文（景观介绍）、摘要 summary、议论文；立意：敬畏自然，尊重自然，人类智慧与自然力量结合，实现人与自然和谐共生。 一、知识点精讲 1.prevent /prɪˈvent/v. 阻挡，防止 【词义】 v. 阻止，预防 【例句】 Trees can prevent the soil from being washed away. 树木可以防止土壤被冲走。 【词汇拓展】 prevent…from doing sth 阻止…… 做某事； prevention n. 预防，阻止 【易混辨析】 prevent/stop/keep ✅prevent/stop sb from doing（from 可省略）；✅keep sb from doing（from不能省） 2. harmony /ˈhɑːməni/n. 融洽相处，和谐 【词义】 n. 和谐，协调 【例句】 We should live in harmony with nature. 我们应当与自然和谐共处。 【词汇拓展】 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处； harmonious adj. 和谐的 【易混辨析】 harmony（名词）；harmonious（形容词） 3. harm /hɑːm/v.& n. 伤害，损害 【词义】 v.&n. 伤害，危害 【例句】 Pollution does great harm to living organisms. 污染对生物造成巨大伤害。 【词汇拓展】 do harm to sb/sth 对…… 造成伤害； harmful adj. 有害的； harmless adj. 无害的 【易混辨析】 harm（抽象伤害）；hurt（肉体 / 情感伤痛）；injure（事故受伤）；destroy（彻底毁坏） 4. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/v. 以…… 替换，更换 【词义】 v. 取代，替换；放回原处 【例句】 Nothing can replace the beauty of original nature. 没有什么能够替代原始自然之美。 【词汇拓展】 replace A with/by B 用 B 替换 A； replacement n. 替代品，替换 【易混辨析】 ❌replace A to B； ✅replace A with/by B 5. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/n. 好处，益处 v. 有益于；受益 【词义】 n. 益处；v. 对…… 有益；获益 【例句】 We can benefit a lot from getting close to nature. 亲近自然我们会获益良多。 【词汇拓展】 benefit from 从…… 获益； be beneficial to 对…… 有益 【易混辨析】 benefit sb 对某人有益；benefit from sth 从某事中获益 6. priority /praɪˈɒrəti/n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 【词义】 n. 优先事项，优先权 【例句】 We must make environmental protection a top priority. 我们必须把环境保护作为头等大事。 【词汇拓展】 give priority to… 优先考虑……； prior adj. 优先的；先前的； prior to 在…… 之前 7. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/adj. 狭窄的 v. 缩小，使变窄 【词义】 adj. 狭窄的；v.（差距、范围）缩小 【例句】 The path is too narrow for two people to walk side by side. 这条小路太窄，容不下两人并排行走。 【词汇拓展】 narrow the gap 缩小差距； narrowly adv. 勉强地；狭隘地 8. design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. 设计 【词义】 v. 设计，构思；计划 【例句】 The ancient people designed the terraces to grow rice. 古人设计梯田用来种植水稻。 【词汇拓展】 be designed for 专为…… 而设计； be designed to do 目的是做……； designer n. 设计师 9. region /ˈriːdʒən/n. 地区，区域 【词义】 n. 地区，地域 【例句】 This mountain region is home to many rare plants. 这片山区是很多珍稀植物的家园。 【词汇拓展】 regional adj. 地区的，区域的 10. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/v. 想象；设想 【词义】 v. 想象，料想 【例句】 Imagine living in perfect harmony with nature. 想象一下与自然完美和谐地生活。 【词汇拓展】 imagine doing sth 想象做某事； imagination n. 想象力 【易混辨析】 ❌imagine to do ；✅imagine doing 二、核心语法精讲 名词短语 名词短语 中文释义 课本原句 Longji Rice Terraces 龙脊梯田 Today,the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors. living organism 活的有机体，生物 The terraces provide home for many living organisms. 形容词短语 形容词短语 中文释义 课本原句 be beneficial to 对…… 有益 Rainwater is beneficial to the growth of rice. 副词 / 介词 / 动副短语 短语 释义 课本例句 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 Human beings should be in harmony with nature. prevent…from… 阻止…… 做某事 Trees prevent soil from being washed away. be home to 是…… 的家园 The area is home to lots of wildlife. pass down 世代相传 The wisdom is passed down from generation to generation. give priority to 优先考虑 We give priority to environmental protection. lead to 导致，引起 Human activity may lead to environmental damage. reflect on 反思，仔细思考 We should reflect on our relationship with nature. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 （1）单元话题：人与自然；人文自然景观介绍；人与自然的关系；文章摘要 summary 写作；环境保护。 （2）文本体裁：说明文（景观介绍）、summary 摘要写作、议论文。 （3）时态：介绍客观景观多用一般现在；讲述历史多用一般过去。 （4）核心立意：人类的智慧可以与自然力量结合；尊重自然，追求人与自然和谐共生。 2. 写作框架 （1）开头：引出景观，地理位置、总体特点。 （2）主体：介绍历史、构造，人与自然如何相互作用，景观价值。 （3）结尾：升华，感悟人与自然和谐共处的道理。 3. 写作素材 （1）高分句型 Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。 Nothing is better than experiencing the beauty created by people and nature together. 没有什么比体验人与自然共同造就的美景更好的了。 It is human wisdom that helps people live in harmony with nature. 正是人类的智慧帮助人们与自然和谐共处。 The terraces, which were built hundreds of years ago, still serve people today. 数百年前修建的梯田至今仍在造福人们。 （2）高频短语 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处； prevent…from… 阻止； be home to 是…… 家园； pass down 世代相传； give priority to 优先考虑； lead to 导致； benefit from 从…… 获益 4. 范文背诵 The Longji Rice Terraces The Longji Rice Terraces lie in a mountainous region. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains. They were built hundreds of years ago. Ancient people designed the terraces to catch rainwater, which prevents soil from being washed away. The wisdom of local people has been passed down generation after generation. This amazing wonder shows how humans can live in harmony with nature. It is human wisdom that creates such a great view. We should reflect on the relationship between human and nature and give priority to environmental protection. 译文：龙脊梯田 龙脊梯田坐落于一片山区。夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。目之所及，梯田覆盖巍峨群山。 它们数百年前就已建成。古人设计梯田承接雨水，以此防止土壤被冲走。当地人的智慧代代相传。这一奇观展示人类如何与自然和谐共处。 正是人类的智慧造就如此壮丽的景色。我们应当反思人与自然的关系，把环境保护当作优先之事。 易错点01 prevent…from doing；keep…from doing 中 from 不可省略 ❌错句：The wall prevented the wind blow into the house. ✅正确：The wall prevented the wind from blowing into the house. 【错因辨析】 prevent/stop sb from doing，from 可省略；keep sb from doing 的 from 不能省略，省略后意思相反。 【一句话辨异】 prevent、stop from 可丢，keep from 不能丢。 【助记口诀】 keep 搭配 from 不能省，prevent stop 随便扔。 【对点训练】 Trees can prevent the soil ______ away by rainwater. A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed 易错点 02 replace A with/by B 固定介词不用 to ❌错句：They replaced the old materials to new ones. ✅正确：They replaced the old materials with new ones. 【错因辨析】 replace A with/by B “用 B 替换 A” 固定搭配介词 with/by。 【一句话辨异】 replace A with B，介词 with 要牢记。 【助记口诀】 replace 表示 “换”，with 把两边连。 【对点训练】 We decide to replace the old system ______ a new one. A. to B. with C. for D. of 易错点 03 imagine 后面接 doing，不能接 to do ❌错句：Can you imagine to live in the ancient terraces? ✅正确：Can you imagine living in the ancient terraces? 【错因辨析】 imagine 后接动名词 doing 作宾语，不接不定式 to do。 【一句话辨异】 imagine 后面 doing，to do 不能往上凑。 【助记口诀】 imagine 想象，后面 doing。 【对点训练】 Imagine ______ close to wild mountains and clear rivers. A. live B. to live C. living D. lived 易错点 04 “介词 + 关系代词”，介词后不能用 that ❌错句：This is the region in that the famous terraces are located. ✅正确：This is the region in which the famous terraces are located. 【错因辨析】 介词后面的关系代词，指物只用 which，指人只用 whom，绝对不能用 that。介词后置限制性从句才可以用 that。 【一句话辨异】 介词后面不带 that，which/whom 来当家。 【助记口诀】 介词之后 that 不行，which whom 来显形。 【对点训练】 This is the farm ______ which we benefit a lot. A. On B. from C. in D. for 易错点 05 数量词 + of which/of whom 结构，of 不能丢 ❌错句：There are many plants here, some which are rare species. ✅正确：There are many plants here, some of which are rare species. 【错因辨析】 some/many/most + of which/whom，表示 “其中一些 / 大多数”，介词 of 必不可少。 【一句话辨异】 数量代词表 “其中”，of 要把关系词连。 【助记口诀】 some many most 表其中，of 加 which/whom 不能空。 【对点训练】 He has many friends, two ______ are environmentalprotection experts. A. of them B. of whom C. whom D. which 易错点 06 do harm to 固定搭配，harm 不可作动词直接接 sb ❌错句：Pollution harms to many living things. ✅正确：Pollution does harm to many living things./Pollution harms many living things. 【错因辨析】 harm 作动词直接接宾语；名词 harm 用于短语 do harm to。不能同时用 harm 作动词再加 to。 【一句话辨异】 动词 harm 直接宾语，名词 harm to 来相遇。 【助记口诀】 动词 harm 不加 to；名词短语 do harm to。 【对点训练】 Too much noise will do harm ______ our health. A. for B. to C. with D. of 易错点 07 benefit from 和 be beneficial to 区分 ❌错句：People benefit to the beautiful natural environment. ✅正确：People benefit from the beautiful natural environment. ✅正确：The beautiful natural environment is beneficial to people. 【错因辨析】 主语人，表达 “从…… 获益” 用 benefit from；事物作主语，“对…… 有益” 用 be beneficial to。 【一句话辨异】 人 benefit from，物 be beneficial to。 【助记口诀】 人从当中获益 from，事物对人有益 to。 【对点训练】 Fresh air is beneficial ______ our physical health. A. from B. for C. to D. with 易错点 08 give priority to 固定搭配，介词 to ❌错句：We should give priority of environmental protection. ✅正确：We should give priority to environmental protection. 【错因辨析】 give priority to sth “优先考虑某事” 固定介词 to。 【一句话辨异】 give priority 后面 to，优先某事记清楚。 【助记口诀】 priority 配介词 to，优先某事不会错。 【对点训练】 The government gives priority ______ protecting the mountain environment. A. for B. of C. to D. with 易错点 09 非限制性定语从句有逗号，不能使用 that ❌错句：The terraces, that attract thousands of visitors every year, are amazing. ✅正确：The terraces, which attract thousands of visitors every year, are amazing. 【错因辨析】 逗号隔开是非限制性定语从句，关系代词禁止使用 that。 【一句话辨异】 逗号隔开定从句，that 坚决不能入。 【助记口诀】 有逗号，不用 that，which/as 来当家。 【对点训练】 Summer sees mountains turn green, ______ draws large numbers of tourists. A. that B. which C. what D. it 易错点 10 现在分词作状语，逻辑主语必须等于主句主语 ❌错句：Walking along the mountain, many beautiful views came into our sight. ✅正确：Walking along the mountain, we saw many beautiful views. 【错因辨析】 doing 作状语，动作发出者必须和主句主语保持一致；句子逻辑主语必须是人，不能是 views。 【一句话辨异】 doing 作状语看主语，动作发出要统一。 【助记口诀】 分词作状语，主语要匹配。 【对点训练】 ______ from the mountain top, the terraces look extremely wonderful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 一、默写重点单词 词性转换 1．________ n. 完成，结束→________ adj. 完全的，完整的 v.结束；完成 2．________ n. 融洽相处，和谐→________ adj. 和谐的，融洽的；协调的 3．________ n. 伤害，损害→________ adj. 有害的→________ adj. 无害的，不致伤的 4．________ n. 消费→________ v. 消耗；吃喝 5．________ n. 优先处理的事，当务之急→________ adj. 优先的；占先的 6．________ n. 美，美丽→________ adj. 美丽的，美好的→________ v. 美化 二、词汇运用 7．As is known to us all, smoking does ______________(危害) to our health. 8．Who do you suppose will ____________(代替) her on the show? 9．As you design your ________ (系统), consider how it should be tested. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 10．They wanted to __________(设计) a machine that was both attractive and practical. 11．______ (因此), the art has lost the most important part of its taste. 三、重点句型 12．他在英语方面的快速进步使我们很吃惊。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 13．我会记住第一次遇见她的那一天。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 14．你应该听从医生的建议多运动。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 15．The climate is mild all year around, meaning it is always a good time to visit. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________ 16．然而，她的心在别处。她对照料病人、发表妇幼护理相关医学研究以及培养新一代医生更感兴趣。(elsewhere; tend) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 四、课文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the center of Milan, a restaurant is attracting the 17 (local) in a surprising but gentle way: Chinese braised (炖熟的) dishes with Italian wine. Chen Yu, from Chengdu, has become one of the chefs who are changing local eating habits. 18 (locate) in the busy center of Milan, his restaurant is small 19 full of character, with walls covered with stories and photos of Chinese food from different areas. Diners are often surprised that these rich flavors go so well with Italian wines, 20 (create) a special mix of East and West. “In recent years, many real Chinese dishes 21 (make) their way into Italy and Europe, giving people more flavors and cultural experiences that they 22 (extreme) enjoy,” a regular customer says. Chen says that Italian guests are very interested in how traditional Sichuan flavors go well with local wines. Some dishes, like braised pork belly, are cooked slowly 23 (release) their full deep flavor, and often end with a little sweetness to balance the spiciness. Food bloggers, some of 24 travel around Italy to try his food, say that Chinese cuisine has shown them new ways to think about food. “Chinese cuisine is a powerful way to share our culture,” says Chen. He is determined to stay true 25 the real traditional flavors, and he believes that being confident in one’s culture naturally makes foreigners more interested. “Authentic Chinese cuisine is more than food — it is a bridge between cultures,” another customer says. “It’s time to show more of China’s living traditions, so that the world can see the true 26 (rich) of Chinese culture.” 五、阅读理解 A We don’t know when and where the next earthquake will hit. But we do know the importance of safety and preparation. The only way to be ready for the unexpected is to prepare ahead of time. It’s especially important if you live in earthquake zones. So here are some important steps to build your own Earthquake Action Plan. 1. Talk to your friends and families and decide on a place to meet if you’re separated after an earthquake. 2. Make an emergency (紧急情况) communication plan in case cell towers or phone lines are down. You can also ask relatives or friends outside your area to be your contacts. 3. Locate a safe place in every room of your house and discuss with your families the safest places to be during an earthquake. Remember, if you’re: a. Inside, get under something heavy like a study table or against an inside wall and cover your head. b. Outside, stay away from buildings and get out into the open. c. In your car, stop and stay in your seat. If you’re stopped near a building or under an overpass (天桥), try to safely move away from it. 4. Store first-aid kits (急救箱) anywhere you spend a lot of time (house, car, work-place, etc.). 5. Pack plenty of batteries, flashlights, and bottles of water to prepare for power outages and water shortages. 6. Review your home’s important systems (electrical, gas, water, etc.) and know how to operate them or shut them off in an emergency. Although they’re somewhat unusual, earthquakes are incredibly terrible, overwhelming, and unpredictable forces of nature. But with some knowledge and preparation, we can mitigate risks and do the best we can to keep ourselves and our families safe. 27．Paragraph 1 mainly shows it’s very important to ________. A．know the use of an Earthquake Action Plan B．know when an earthquake will come C．stay away from earthquake zones D．prepare for an earthquake 28．First-aid kits should be kept in places ________. A．that are very safe B．where you often stay C．that are under something heavy D．that your friends and families know 29．An Earthquake Action Plan includes the following EXCEPT ________. A．deciding where to meet with others after an earthquake B．making sure that you have contacts out your area C．practicing how to escape with your families D．finding safe places in your house B Back in China, Emily Chang’s job was to promote Starbucks. She helped Chinese people love coffee, even though China has a long history of drinking tea. 30 . Her new job is the opposite: introducing Chinese tea to America, a country that loves coffee. Last year, Chagee became one of the many firms trying to gain a foothold in America. These shops sell bubble tea, fruit tea, and fresh Chinese tea, sometimes capped with milky foam. They are competing with older tea shops from Taiwan, which first made “boba” popular in America. Interestingly, the coffee market in America is 28 times larger than the fresh tea market. 31 However, the Chinese firms’ presence is still small. HeyTea has led the way, opening more than 40 American shops since 2023. 32 . Mixue, a giant bubble-tea and ice-cream seller, is the world’s largest food-and-beverage chain. But just five of its 60,000 outlets are in America. 33 Partly because there are already many tea shops in China, so companies want to find new customers abroad. Some Americans think bubble tea is healthier than dessert, especially low-sugar options. “Coffee gives me a caffeine crash, but tea doesn’t,” said one customer in New York. At a busy Mixue shop in New York, Spring Oolong Milk Tea sells for $3.99. A Chinese-American customer, Eric Li, said he is happy to see many non-Chinese enjoying his culture. “There is some international tension right now. 34 ” he said. A．Why so few? B．What should they do? C．This means there is a lot of room for tea to grow. D．Now she works for Chagee, a Chinese tea brand. E．Yet she still wants to promote coffee culture in China. F．Isn’t it good that everyone can get together over a drink? G．Just nine of Chagee’s 7,500-odd global outlets are in the States. 六、完形填空 Simone smiled when she received another A on her paper. But her joy quickly 35 when the teacher described the next task, “Write about a food that is part of your family’s culture and traditions.” Soon the whole class was 36 talking about the food they planned to 37 . But Simone sat 38 , feeling unsettled. She could not think of a single food that she considered 39 in her African American culture. Simone felt 40 all day. When she got home, she described the 41 to her father, Jerry, a 42 specializing in history, “There’s no food worth writing about: watermelon, black-eyed peas, even your sweet potato pie. It’s all just Southern food!” “My sweet potato pie is an extremely special family 43 ,” Jerry smiled kindly. “My dear, don’t you know that our 44 brought some of those foods to America? Besides, many of those dishes you call ‘just Southern food’ were actually 45 by African American cooks.” Jerry 46 a book from his shelf and handed it to her. “It tells a lot of the history of African foods and how our ancestors grew them; it even 47 some recipes.” As she looked through the pages, her feelings 48 . “I know what I’ll do!” she said. “I’ll write about different African American foods, instead of 49 on one food! One more thing, Daddy — can you teach me how to make your sweet potato pie?” 35．A．returned B．spread C．faded D．grew 36．A．worriedly B．excitedly C．nervously D．gracefully 37．A．show B．sell C．taste D．prepare 38．A．on purpose B．in silence C．with joy D．at peace 39．A．useful B．special C．strange D．common 40．A．alive B．tired C．high D．low 41．A．progress B．discovery C．result D．task 42．A．professor B．director C．clerk D．designer 43．A．business B．recipe C．ceremony D．harvest 44．A．leaders B．neighbors C．ancestors D．servants 45．A．ordered B．created C．divided D．forgotten 46．A．kept B．carried C．pulled D．stole 47．A．predicts B．publishes C．changes D．includes 48．A．lifted B．lasted C．hid D．broke 49．A．agreeing B．calling C．focusing D．feeding 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 At One with Nature 词汇 1、 阅读词汇： vapour n. 蒸气 reef n. 礁，珊瑚礁 sheet n.（冰或水等的）一大片 frost n. 霜 terrace n. 梯田 dynasty n. 朝代 basin n. 盆地，低洼地 steep adj. 陡的，陡峭的 soil n. 土壤 barrier n. 障碍，壁垒 organism n. 有机体；生物 observatory n. 天文台，观象台 grand adj. 宏伟的，壮丽的 platform n. 高台，平台 sail v.（乘船）航行 climate n. 气候 branch n. 树枝；分支 rooftop n. 屋顶 flavour n. 味道，滋味 insect n. 昆虫 crop n. 庄稼，作物 completion n. 完成，结束 ocean n. 海洋 planet n. 行星 breeze n. 微风，和风 2、 写作词汇： region n. 地区，区域 therefore adv. 因此，由此 shallow adj. 浅的 prevent v. 阻挡，防止 harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐 design v. 设计 harm v.&n. 伤害；损害 agriculture n. 农业 replace v. 以…… 替换，更换 material n. 材料 consumer n. 消费者 priority n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 structure n. 结构，构造 living adj. 活的；现存的 narrow adj. 狭窄的 v. 缩小，使变窄 publish v. 出版 expert adj. 内行的，专家的 n. 专家 limited adj. 有限的 benefit n. 好处，益处 v. 有益于；受益 energy n. 力量；活力；能源 system n. 系统 imagine v. 想象；设想 pass down 把…… 一代传一代，使流传 prevent…from… 阻止…… 做…… in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 be home to 是…… 的家园 / 所在地 give priority to 优先考虑 reflect on 仔细思考，反思 lead to 引起，导致 3、 词汇变形： 1. complete v. 完成 adj. 完全的→completion n. 完成，结束→completely adv. 完全地 2. region n. 地区→regional adj. 地区的，区域的 3. prevent v. 阻止→prevention n. 预防，阻止→preventive adj. 预防性的 4. harmony n. 和谐→harmonious adj. 和谐的→harmoniously adv. 和谐地 5. harm v.&n. 伤害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的 6. agriculture n. 农业→agricultural adj. 农业的 7. replace v. 替换→replacement n. 替换；替代品 8. consume v. 消耗，消费→consumer n. 消费者→consumption n. 消耗，消费 9. priority n. 优先事项→prior adj. 优先的；先前的 10. beauty n. 美，美丽→beautiful adj. 美丽的→beautify v. 美化 11. narrow adj. 狭窄的→narrowly adv. 勉强地；狭隘地 12. sail v. 航行→sailing n. 航行；帆船运动→sailor n. 水手 13. publish v. 出版→publisher n. 出版商，出版机构 14. limit v. 限制 n. 界限→limited adj. 有限的→unlimited adj. 无限的 15. benefit n. 益处 v. 有益于→beneficial adj. 有利的，有益的 16.energy n. 精力；能源→energetic adj. 精力充沛的 4、 拓展词汇 at one with 与…… 融为一体 pass down 流传，世代相传 prevent…from… 阻止…… 做某事 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 be home to 是…… 的家园 give priority to 优先考虑 reflect on 仔细思考，反思 lead to 导致，引起 from the bottom to the very top 从底部到顶端 do harm to 对…… 造成伤害 benefit from 从…… 中受益 plenty of 大量，许多 in doubt 怀疑，不确定 turn…into… 把…… 变成…… 5、 熟词生义 1. sheet熟义：n. 床单；一张（纸） 生义：n.（冰、水等的）一大片 例句：A sheet of ice covered the whole lake. 一大片冰覆盖了整个湖面。 2. catch熟义：v. 抓住，接住 生义：v. 接（落下的液体） 例句：Terraces catch the rainwater. 梯田承接雨水。 3. design熟义：v. 设计 生义：be designed for 专为…… 而设计 例句：The terraces are designed for growing rice. 梯田是为种植水稻而设计的。 4. living熟义：v. 居住（live 现在分词） 生义：adj. 活的，现存的 例句：living organisms 活的有机体，生物 5. narrow熟义：adj. 狭窄的 生义：v.（使）缩小，变窄 例句：We must narrow the gap between city and countryside. 我们必须缩小城乡差距。 6. branch熟义：n. 树枝 生义：n. 分支，分部 例句：a branch of the company 公司的一个分部 7. priority熟义：n. 优先权 生义：n. 当务之急，优先处理的事 例句：Environmental protection is a top priority. 环境保护是头等大事。 8. sail熟义：v. 乘船航行 生义：v. 平稳地行进 写作 句型 1. 无灵主语（季节、时间名词作主语） 课本原句：Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 译文：夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。 仿句：Autumn sees the whole mountain covered with red leaves. 译文：秋天，整座山被红叶覆盖。 2. 否定词 + 比较级 表达最高级含义 课本原句：many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass. 译文：许多英国人最喜欢周日修剪草坪。 仿句：I like nothing better than getting close to nature. 译文：我最喜欢亲近大自然。 3. 现在分词作状语 课本原句：Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains. 译文：目之所及，这些梯田覆盖着巍峨的高山。 仿句：Walking along the valley, we enjoyed the beauty of nature. 译文：沿着山谷漫步，我们欣赏大自然的美景。 4. 强调句型 It is/was…that… 课本原句：During the rainy season, it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. 译文：雨季时，正是沿着这些水渠，雨水从山上流入梯田。 仿句：It is human wisdom that creates this great wonder. 译文：正是人类的智慧造就了这一伟大奇观。 5. which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事 例句：The terraces have existed for centuries, which shows the wisdom of ancient people. 译文：梯田已经存在数百年，这体现了古人的智慧。 语法 语法1：介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句（which/whom） ①先行词指物：介词 + which；先行词指人：介词 + whom；不能用 that/who 例：This is the region in which the famous terraces lie. 这就是著名梯田所在的地区。 例：The expert with whom we talked studies agriculture. 和我们交谈的那位专家研究农业。 ②介词可以来自从句动词搭配、先行词固定搭配、语境含义；介词可以后置，此时 that/which 可以用、可省略。 语法2：不定代词 / 数量词 + of which /of whom 例：There are many plants here, some of which are rare. 这里有很多植物，其中一些很稀有。例：We met several farmers, most of whom knew the history of terraces. 我们遇见几位农民，他们大多数了解梯田历史。 语法3：非限制性定语从句（逗号隔开） ❌ 不能用 that；which 可以指代前面整件事情。 语法4：whose 引导定语从句；可转换为 “the +n.+of which/whom” 例：a region whose climate is wet = a region the climate of which is wet 语法5：as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句的区别as 正如（可放句首）；which 不能置于句首。 语法6：现在分词作状语：doing 表主动伴随；逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。 写作 本单元写作话题：人与自然；人文自然景观介绍；人与自然和谐共处；文章摘要 summary 写作；环境保护。体裁：说明文（景观介绍）、摘要 summary、议论文；立意：敬畏自然，尊重自然，人类智慧与自然力量结合，实现人与自然和谐共生。 一、知识点精讲 1.prevent /prɪˈvent/v. 阻挡，防止 【词义】 v. 阻止，预防 【例句】 Trees can prevent the soil from being washed away. 树木可以防止土壤被冲走。 【词汇拓展】 prevent…from doing sth 阻止…… 做某事； prevention n. 预防，阻止 【易混辨析】 prevent/stop/keep ✅prevent/stop sb from doing（from 可省略）；✅keep sb from doing（from不能省） 2. harmony /ˈhɑːməni/n. 融洽相处，和谐 【词义】 n. 和谐，协调 【例句】 We should live in harmony with nature. 我们应当与自然和谐共处。 【词汇拓展】 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处； harmonious adj. 和谐的 【易混辨析】 harmony（名词）；harmonious（形容词） 3. harm /hɑːm/v.& n. 伤害，损害 【词义】 v.&n. 伤害，危害 【例句】 Pollution does great harm to living organisms. 污染对生物造成巨大伤害。 【词汇拓展】 do harm to sb/sth 对…… 造成伤害； harmful adj. 有害的； harmless adj. 无害的 【易混辨析】 harm（抽象伤害）；hurt（肉体 / 情感伤痛）；injure（事故受伤）；destroy（彻底毁坏） 4. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/v. 以…… 替换，更换 【词义】 v. 取代，替换；放回原处 【例句】 Nothing can replace the beauty of original nature. 没有什么能够替代原始自然之美。 【词汇拓展】 replace A with/by B 用 B 替换 A； replacement n. 替代品，替换 【易混辨析】 ❌replace A to B； ✅replace A with/by B 5. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/n. 好处，益处 v. 有益于；受益 【词义】 n. 益处；v. 对…… 有益；获益 【例句】 We can benefit a lot from getting close to nature. 亲近自然我们会获益良多。 【词汇拓展】 benefit from 从…… 获益； be beneficial to 对…… 有益 【易混辨析】 benefit sb 对某人有益；benefit from sth 从某事中获益 6. priority /praɪˈɒrəti/n. 优先处理的事，当务之急 【词义】 n. 优先事项，优先权 【例句】 We must make environmental protection a top priority. 我们必须把环境保护作为头等大事。 【词汇拓展】 give priority to… 优先考虑……； prior adj. 优先的；先前的； prior to 在…… 之前 7. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/adj. 狭窄的 v. 缩小，使变窄 【词义】 adj. 狭窄的；v.（差距、范围）缩小 【例句】 The path is too narrow for two people to walk side by side. 这条小路太窄，容不下两人并排行走。 【词汇拓展】 narrow the gap 缩小差距； narrowly adv. 勉强地；狭隘地 8. design /dɪˈzaɪn/v. 设计 【词义】 v. 设计，构思；计划 【例句】 The ancient people designed the terraces to grow rice. 古人设计梯田用来种植水稻。 【词汇拓展】 be designed for 专为…… 而设计； be designed to do 目的是做……； designer n. 设计师 9. region /ˈriːdʒən/n. 地区，区域 【词义】 n. 地区，地域 【例句】 This mountain region is home to many rare plants. 这片山区是很多珍稀植物的家园。 【词汇拓展】 regional adj. 地区的，区域的 10. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/v. 想象；设想 【词义】 v. 想象，料想 【例句】 Imagine living in perfect harmony with nature. 想象一下与自然完美和谐地生活。 【词汇拓展】 imagine doing sth 想象做某事； imagination n. 想象力 【易混辨析】 ❌imagine to do ；✅imagine doing 二、核心语法精讲 名词短语 名词短语 中文释义 课本原句 Longji Rice Terraces 龙脊梯田 Today,the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors. living organism 活的有机体，生物 The terraces provide home for many living organisms. 形容词短语 形容词短语 中文释义 课本原句 be beneficial to 对…… 有益 Rainwater is beneficial to the growth of rice. 副词 / 介词 / 动副短语 短语 释义 课本例句 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处 Human beings should be in harmony with nature. prevent…from… 阻止…… 做某事 Trees prevent soil from being washed away. be home to 是…… 的家园 The area is home to lots of wildlife. pass down 世代相传 The wisdom is passed down from generation to generation. give priority to 优先考虑 We give priority to environmental protection. lead to 导致，引起 Human activity may lead to environmental damage. reflect on 反思，仔细思考 We should reflect on our relationship with nature. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 （1）单元话题：人与自然；人文自然景观介绍；人与自然的关系；文章摘要 summary 写作；环境保护。 （2）文本体裁：说明文（景观介绍）、summary 摘要写作、议论文。 （3）时态：介绍客观景观多用一般现在；讲述历史多用一般过去。 （4）核心立意：人类的智慧可以与自然力量结合；尊重自然，追求人与自然和谐共生。 2. 写作框架 （1）开头：引出景观，地理位置、总体特点。 （2）主体：介绍历史、构造，人与自然如何相互作用，景观价值。 （3）结尾：升华，感悟人与自然和谐共处的道理。 3. 写作素材 （1）高分句型 Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。 Nothing is better than experiencing the beauty created by people and nature together. 没有什么比体验人与自然共同造就的美景更好的了。 It is human wisdom that helps people live in harmony with nature. 正是人类的智慧帮助人们与自然和谐共处。 The terraces, which were built hundreds of years ago, still serve people today. 数百年前修建的梯田至今仍在造福人们。 （2）高频短语 in harmony with 与…… 和谐相处； prevent…from… 阻止； be home to 是…… 家园； pass down 世代相传； give priority to 优先考虑； lead to 导致； benefit from 从…… 获益 4. 范文背诵 The Longji Rice Terraces The Longji Rice Terraces lie in a mountainous region. Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains. They were built hundreds of years ago. Ancient people designed the terraces to catch rainwater, which prevents soil from being washed away. The wisdom of local people has been passed down generation after generation. This amazing wonder shows how humans can live in harmony with nature. It is human wisdom that creates such a great view. We should reflect on the relationship between human and nature and give priority to environmental protection. 译文：龙脊梯田 龙脊梯田坐落于一片山区。夏日来临，水稻生长，群山一片翠绿。目之所及，梯田覆盖巍峨群山。 它们数百年前就已建成。古人设计梯田承接雨水，以此防止土壤被冲走。当地人的智慧代代相传。这一奇观展示人类如何与自然和谐共处。 正是人类的智慧造就如此壮丽的景色。我们应当反思人与自然的关系，把环境保护当作优先之事。 易错点01 prevent…from doing；keep…from doing 中 from 不可省略 ❌错句：The wall prevented the wind blow into the house. ✅正确：The wall prevented the wind from blowing into the house. 【错因辨析】 prevent/stop sb from doing，from 可省略；keep sb from doing 的 from 不能省略，省略后意思相反。 【一句话辨异】 prevent、stop from 可丢，keep from 不能丢。 【助记口诀】 keep 搭配 from 不能省，prevent stop 随便扔。 【对点训练】 Trees can prevent the soil ______ away by rainwater. A. wash B. washing C. to wash D. washed 答案：B 解析：固定搭配：prevent sth. from doing sth.（from 可省略），soil 和 wash 是主动逻辑，用 washing，选 B。 易错点 02 replace A with/by B 固定介词不用 to ❌错句：They replaced the old materials to new ones. ✅正确：They replaced the old materials with new ones. 【错因辨析】 replace A with/by B “用 B 替换 A” 固定搭配介词 with/by。 【一句话辨异】 replace A with B，介词 with 要牢记。 【助记口诀】 replace 表示 “换”，with 把两边连。 【对点训练】 We decide to replace the old system ______ a new one. A. to B. with C. for D. of 答案：B 解析：固定搭配：replace A with B 用 B 替换 A，选 B。 易错点 03 imagine 后面接 doing，不能接 to do ❌错句：Can you imagine to live in the ancient terraces? ✅正确：Can you imagine living in the ancient terraces? 【错因辨析】 imagine 后接动名词 doing 作宾语，不接不定式 to do。 【一句话辨异】 imagine 后面 doing，to do 不能往上凑。 【助记口诀】 imagine 想象，后面 doing。 【对点训练】 Imagine ______ close to wild mountains and clear rivers. A. live B. to live C. living D. lived 答案：C 解析：固定搭配：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事，后面接动名词，选 C。 易错点 04 “介词 + 关系代词”，介词后不能用 that ❌错句：This is the region in that the famous terraces are located. ✅正确：This is the region in which the famous terraces are located. 【错因辨析】 介词后面的关系代词，指物只用 which，指人只用 whom，绝对不能用 that。介词后置限制性从句才可以用 that。 【一句话辨异】 介词后面不带 that，which/whom 来当家。 【助记口诀】 介词之后 that 不行，which whom 来显形。 【对点训练】 This is the farm ______ which we benefit a lot. A. On B. from C. in D. for 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 benefit from… 从…… 获益 定语从句拆分：we benefit a lot from the farm 介词提前用 from，选 B。 易错点 05 数量词 + of which/of whom 结构，of 不能丢 ❌错句：There are many plants here, some which are rare species. ✅正确：There are many plants here, some of which are rare species. 【错因辨析】 some/many/most + of which/whom，表示 “其中一些 / 大多数”，介词 of 必不可少。 【一句话辨异】 数量代词表 “其中”，of 要把关系词连。 【助记口诀】 some many most 表其中，of 加 which/whom 不能空。 【对点训练】 He has many friends, two ______ are environmentalprotection experts. A. of them B. of whom C. whom D. which 答案：B 解析：逗号分隔，是非限制性定语从句，不能用 them（A 错）； 先行词 friends 是人，which 指代物（D 错）； two of whom = two of his friends，表示 “其中两位”，选 B。 易错点 06 do harm to 固定搭配，harm 不可作动词直接接 sb ❌错句：Pollution harms to many living things. ✅正确：Pollution does harm to many living things./Pollution harms many living things. 【错因辨析】 harm 作动词直接接宾语；名词 harm 用于短语 do harm to。不能同时用 harm 作动词再加 to。 【一句话辨异】 动词 harm 直接宾语，名词 harm to 来相遇。 【助记口诀】 动词 harm 不加 to；名词短语 do harm to。 【对点训练】 Too much noise will do harm ______ our health. A. for B. to C. with D. of 答案：B 解析：固定搭配：do harm to… 对…… 有害，选 B。 易错点 07 benefit from 和 be beneficial to 区分 ❌错句：People benefit to the beautiful natural environment. ✅正确：People benefit from the beautiful natural environment. ✅正确：The beautiful natural environment is beneficial to people. 【错因辨析】 主语人，表达 “从…… 获益” 用 benefit from；事物作主语，“对…… 有益” 用 be beneficial to。 【一句话辨异】 人 benefit from，物 be beneficial to。 【助记口诀】 人从当中获益 from，事物对人有益 to。 【对点训练】 Fresh air is beneficial ______ our physical health. A. from B. for C. to D. with 答案：C 解析：固定搭配：be beneficial to 对…… 有益，选 C。 易错点 08 give priority to 固定搭配，介词 to ❌错句：We should give priority of environmental protection. ✅正确：We should give priority to environmental protection. 【错因辨析】 give priority to sth “优先考虑某事” 固定介词 to。 【一句话辨异】 give priority 后面 to，优先某事记清楚。 【助记口诀】 priority 配介词 to，优先某事不会错。 【对点训练】 The government gives priority ______ protecting the mountain environment. A. for B. of C. to D. with 答案：C 解析：固定搭配：give priority to sth./doing sth. 优先考虑……，选 C。 易错点 09 非限制性定语从句有逗号，不能使用 that ❌错句：The terraces, that attract thousands of visitors every year, are amazing. ✅正确：The terraces, which attract thousands of visitors every year, are amazing. 【错因辨析】 逗号隔开是非限制性定语从句，关系代词禁止使用 that。 【一句话辨异】 逗号隔开定从句，that 坚决不能入。 【助记口诀】 有逗号，不用 that，which/as 来当家。 【对点训练】 Summer sees mountains turn green, ______ draws large numbers of tourists. A. that B. which C. what D. it 答案：B 解析：逗号后非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事，只能用 which，that 不能引导非限定性定语从句，选 B。 易错点 10 现在分词作状语，逻辑主语必须等于主句主语 ❌错句：Walking along the mountain, many beautiful views came into our sight. ✅正确：Walking along the mountain, we saw many beautiful views. 【错因辨析】 doing 作状语，动作发出者必须和主句主语保持一致；句子逻辑主语必须是人，不能是 views。 【一句话辨异】 doing 作状语看主语，动作发出要统一。 【助记口诀】 分词作状语，主语要匹配。 【对点训练】 ______ from the mountain top, the terraces look extremely wonderful. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See 答案：B 解析：主语 terraces（梯田）和 see 是被动关系，梯田 “被看”，用过去分词作状语，选 B。 一、默写重点单词 词性转换 1．________ n. 完成，结束→________ adj. 完全的，完整的 v.结束；完成 2．________ n. 融洽相处，和谐→________ adj. 和谐的，融洽的；协调的 3．________ n. 伤害，损害→________ adj. 有害的→________ adj. 无害的，不致伤的 4．________ n. 消费→________ v. 消耗；吃喝 5．________ n. 优先处理的事，当务之急→________ adj. 优先的；占先的 6．________ n. 美，美丽→________ adj. 美丽的，美好的→________ v. 美化 【答案】1．completion complete 2．harmony harmonious 3．harm harmful harmless 4．consumption consume 5．priority prior 6．beauty beautiful beautify 【解析】略 二、词汇运用 7．As is known to us all, smoking does ______________(危害) to our health. 【答案】harm 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：众所周知，吸烟确实有害健康。“对……有害”是do harm to,故填 harm。 8．Who do you suppose will ____________(代替) her on the show? 【答案】replace 【详解】考查语境。句意：你认为谁会在演出中替代她？分析句子可知，本句是一般将来时，主语与动词代替（replace）二者是主动关系，因此用一般将来时的主动语态，故填replace。 9．As you design your ________ (系统), consider how it should be tested. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】system 【详解】句意：当你设计你的系统时，要考虑应该如何对它进行测试。根据汉语提示“系统”可知，此处应用名词system，在句中作动词design的宾语；根据后文的代词“it”可知，此处应用单数形式。 10．They wanted to __________(设计) a machine that was both attractive and practical. 【答案】design 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们希望设计一台既有吸引力又实用的机器。根据汉语提示及位于不定式符号to后可知，此处用动词design的原形，故填design。 11．______ (因此), the art has lost the most important part of its taste. 【答案】Therefore 【详解】句意：因此，艺术失去了它最重要的味道。根据汉语意思和句子结构可知，本句需用副词，故用therefore。 三、重点句型 12．他在英语方面的快速进步使我们很吃惊。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】His rapid progress in English made us surprised. 【详解】本句可使用“make +宾语+形容词作宾语补足语”结构。“在英语方面”表达为in English；“快速进步”表达为rapid progress；“使我们吃惊”表达为make us surprised。该事件为已然发生的事情，使用一般过去时，make变为过去式made。 13．我会记住第一次遇见她的那一天。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】I will remember the day when I first met her. 【详解】主语“我”为I；表示“记住”用动词remember，表示将来的动作用一般将来时；表示“那一天”用the day，后跟定语从句，先行词day在从句中作时间状语，故用when引导；从句主语为I；表示“第一次遇见她”为first meet her，发生在过去用一般过去时。 14．你应该听从医生的建议多运动。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】You should follow the doctor’s advice and do more exercise. 【详解】“应该”用情态动词should表达，后需接动词原形；“听从某人的建议”是固定搭配follow one’s advice；“医生的”表所属关系，用名词所有格the doctor’s；“多运动”常用do more exercise表示，exercise表“锻炼”时是不可数名词。 15．The climate is mild all year around, meaning it is always a good time to visit. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】气候全年都温和，意味着这总是来游玩的好时候。 【详解】本句为主从复合句，主句为主系表结构，句子时态是一般现在时；主语The climate可译为“气候”；系动词is译为“是”；表语mild可译为“温和的”；状语all year around可译为“全年”。逗号后meaning为现在分词作结果状语，译为“意味着”，分词后接省略引导词that的宾语从句；宾语从句为主系表结构，句子时态是一般现在时；主语it可译为“这”；系动词is可译为“是”；always根据语境可译为“总是”；表语a good time可译为“好时候”；后置定语to visit可译为“来游玩”。 16．然而，她的心在别处。她对照料病人、发表妇幼护理相关医学研究以及培养新一代医生更感兴趣。(elsewhere; tend) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Her heart, however, was elsewhere. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 【详解】“然而”使用副词however，结合提示词可知“在别处”译为be elsewhere；“对……更感兴趣”使用固定短语be more interested in，“照顾病人”使用动词短语tend patients，“发表妇幼护理相关医学研究”使用动词短语publish medical research on care for women and children，“培养新一代医生”使用动词短语train the next generation of doctors，三个动词短语并列作介词in的宾语，使用动名词形式，使用and连接，句子描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。 四、课文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the center of Milan, a restaurant is attracting the 17 (local) in a surprising but gentle way: Chinese braised (炖熟的) dishes with Italian wine. Chen Yu, from Chengdu, has become one of the chefs who are changing local eating habits. 18 (locate) in the busy center of Milan, his restaurant is small 19 full of character, with walls covered with stories and photos of Chinese food from different areas. Diners are often surprised that these rich flavors go so well with Italian wines, 20 (create) a special mix of East and West. “In recent years, many real Chinese dishes 21 (make) their way into Italy and Europe, giving people more flavors and cultural experiences that they 22 (extreme) enjoy,” a regular customer says. Chen says that Italian guests are very interested in how traditional Sichuan flavors go well with local wines. Some dishes, like braised pork belly, are cooked slowly 23 (release) their full deep flavor, and often end with a little sweetness to balance the spiciness. Food bloggers, some of 24 travel around Italy to try his food, say that Chinese cuisine has shown them new ways to think about food. “Chinese cuisine is a powerful way to share our culture,” says Chen. He is determined to stay true 25 the real traditional flavors, and he believes that being confident in one’s culture naturally makes foreigners more interested. “Authentic Chinese cuisine is more than food — it is a bridge between cultures,” another customer says. “It’s time to show more of China’s living traditions, so that the world can see the true 26 (rich) of Chinese culture.” 【答案】17．locals 18．Located 19．but 20．creating 21．have made 22．extremely 23．to release 24．whom 25．to 26．richness 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了来自成都的厨师在米兰市中心开了一家融合中式炖菜与意大利葡萄酒的中餐厅，讲述餐厅特色、食客评价，同时阐述中餐作为文化桥梁，向海外传播中国传统文化的价值。 【详解】17．考查名词复数。句意：在米兰市中心，一家餐厅正以一种出人意料又温和的方式吸引着当地人：搭配意大利葡萄酒的中式炖菜。local作名词表示“当地人”时为可数名词，此处表泛指众多本地人，用复数locals。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的餐厅坐落于繁华的米兰市中心，店面不大却独具特色，墙上挂满各地中华美食的故事与照片。固定搭配be located in表示“坐落于”，此处作状语省略主语与be动词，用过去分词Located。 19．考查连词。句意同上。small和full of character存在转折对比关系，用并列连词but表转折。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：食客们常常惊叹，浓郁的中式风味与意大利葡萄酒十分契合，营造出独特的东西方融合之感。逗号前是完整主句，空格作自然而然的结果状语，用现在分词creating。 21．考查时态。句意：一位常客说道：“近年来，许多地道中餐走进意大利和欧洲，带给人们更多风味与文化体验，他们十分喜爱。” 时间标志In recent years为现在完成时提示词，主语dishes是复数，助动词用have，现在完成时用have made。 22．考查副词。句意同上。 空格修饰动词enjoy，形容词extreme需变为副词extremely作状语。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：红烧肉等菜品会慢炖，以此释放醇厚完整的香味，收尾常带一丝甜味中和辣味。空格置于动词后表慢炖的目的，用不定式to release作目的状语。 24．考查定语从句。句意：一些美食博主专程走遍意大利来品尝他的菜品，他们表示中餐为他们打开了全新的美食思路。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Food bloggers指人，关系代词在从句中作宾语，介词of后只能用关系代词whom引导定语从句。 25．考查介词。句意：他决心坚守地道传统风味，并且相信对自身文化抱有自信，自然会吸引外国人产生更多兴趣。固定短语stay true to意为“忠于、坚守”。 26．考查名词。句意：是时候展示更多鲜活的中国传统了，让世界看见中华文化真正的丰厚底蕴。定冠词the后需要名词作see的宾语，形容词rich转换为名词richness，意为“丰富，丰厚”。 五、阅读理解 A We don’t know when and where the next earthquake will hit. But we do know the importance of safety and preparation. The only way to be ready for the unexpected is to prepare ahead of time. It’s especially important if you live in earthquake zones. So here are some important steps to build your own Earthquake Action Plan. 1. Talk to your friends and families and decide on a place to meet if you’re separated after an earthquake. 2. Make an emergency (紧急情况) communication plan in case cell towers or phone lines are down. You can also ask relatives or friends outside your area to be your contacts. 3. Locate a safe place in every room of your house and discuss with your families the safest places to be during an earthquake. Remember, if you’re: a. Inside, get under something heavy like a study table or against an inside wall and cover your head. b. Outside, stay away from buildings and get out into the open. c. In your car, stop and stay in your seat. If you’re stopped near a building or under an overpass (天桥), try to safely move away from it. 4. Store first-aid kits (急救箱) anywhere you spend a lot of time (house, car, work-place, etc.). 5. Pack plenty of batteries, flashlights, and bottles of water to prepare for power outages and water shortages. 6. Review your home’s important systems (electrical, gas, water, etc.) and know how to operate them or shut them off in an emergency. Although they’re somewhat unusual, earthquakes are incredibly terrible, overwhelming, and unpredictable forces of nature. But with some knowledge and preparation, we can mitigate risks and do the best we can to keep ourselves and our families safe. 27．Paragraph 1 mainly shows it’s very important to ________. A．know the use of an Earthquake Action Plan B．know when an earthquake will come C．stay away from earthquake zones D．prepare for an earthquake 28．First-aid kits should be kept in places ________. A．that are very safe B．where you often stay C．that are under something heavy D．that your friends and families know 29．An Earthquake Action Plan includes the following EXCEPT ________. A．deciding where to meet with others after an earthquake B．making sure that you have contacts out your area C．practicing how to escape with your families D．finding safe places in your house 【答案】27．D 28．B 29．C 【导语】本文介绍地震具有不可预测的特点，详细介绍了一套完整的地震应急行动方案，涵盖震前准备、震中避险等多方面内容。 【详解】27．主旨大意题。根据第一段“We don’t know when and where the next earthquake will hit. But we do know the importance of safety and preparation. The only way to be ready for the unexpected is to prepare ahead of time. (我们不知道下一次地震会在何时何地发生。但我们确实知道安全和准备的重要性。应对突发意外的唯一方式就是提前做好准备。)”可知，本段核心主旨是强调提前为地震做好准备的重要性。 28．细节理解题。根据原文第4条“Store first-aid kits (急救箱) anywhere you spend a lot of time (将急救箱放置在你经常停留的任何场所)”可知，急救箱需存放于日常经常活动的地方。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第1条“Talk to your friends and families and decide on a place to meet if you’re separated after an earthquake. (和你的朋友、家人商量，确定如果地震后你们失散了的碰面地点。)”对应选项A内容；根据文章第2条“You can also ask relatives or friends outside your area to be your contacts.。(你也可以请你所在区域外的亲戚或朋友作为你的联系人。)”对应选项B内容；根据文章第3条“Locate a safe place in every room of your house and discuss with your families the safest places to be during an earthquake.。(在你家的每个房间里都确定一个安全地点，和你的家人商量地震期间最安全的待着的地方。)”对应选项D内容，全文没有提及“和家人练习逃生”的相关内容，因此它不属于地震行动计划的内容。 B Back in China, Emily Chang’s job was to promote Starbucks. She helped Chinese people love coffee, even though China has a long history of drinking tea. 30 . Her new job is the opposite: introducing Chinese tea to America, a country that loves coffee. Last year, Chagee became one of the many firms trying to gain a foothold in America. These shops sell bubble tea, fruit tea, and fresh Chinese tea, sometimes capped with milky foam. They are competing with older tea shops from Taiwan, which first made “boba” popular in America. Interestingly, the coffee market in America is 28 times larger than the fresh tea market. 31 However, the Chinese firms’ presence is still small. HeyTea has led the way, opening more than 40 American shops since 2023. 32 . Mixue, a giant bubble-tea and ice-cream seller, is the world’s largest food-and-beverage chain. But just five of its 60,000 outlets are in America. 33 Partly because there are already many tea shops in China, so companies want to find new customers abroad. Some Americans think bubble tea is healthier than dessert, especially low-sugar options. “Coffee gives me a caffeine crash, but tea doesn’t,” said one customer in New York. At a busy Mixue shop in New York, Spring Oolong Milk Tea sells for $3.99. A Chinese-American customer, Eric Li, said he is happy to see many non-Chinese enjoying his culture. “There is some international tension right now. 34 ” he said. A．Why so few? B．What should they do? C．This means there is a lot of room for tea to grow. D．Now she works for Chagee, a Chinese tea brand. E．Yet she still wants to promote coffee culture in China. F．Isn’t it good that everyone can get together over a drink? G．Just nine of Chagee’s 7,500-odd global outlets are in the States. 【答案】30．D 31．C 32．G 33．A 34．F 【导语】文章主要讲述了中国茶饮品牌如Chagee、HeyTea等正积极进军美国市场，在咖啡主导的市场中寻求增长，并促进了文化交流。 【详解】30．上文“Back in China, Emily Chang’s job was to promote Starbucks. She helped Chinese people love coffee, even though China has a long history of drinking tea.(在中国时，艾米丽·张的工作是推广星巴克。她帮助中国人爱上咖啡，尽管中国有悠久的饮茶历史)”介绍了艾米丽过去在中国推广咖啡的经历。空后“Her new job is the opposite: introducing Chinese tea to America, a country that loves coffee.(她的新工作则相反：向热爱咖啡的美国介绍中国茶)”说明了她工作内容的转变。空处承上启下，连接其前后职业变化。D选项“Now she works for Chagee, a Chinese tea brand.(现在她为中国茶饮品牌霸王茶姬工作)”中的“Now”与前文“Back in China”形成时间对比，“works for Chagee”直接解释了她新工作的具体内容，符合语境。 31．上文“Interestingly, the coffee market in America is 28 times larger than the fresh tea market.(有趣的是，美国的咖啡市场规模是新鲜茶饮市场的28倍)”通过数据对比突显了美国咖啡市场的统治地位。空后“However, the Chinese firms’ presence is still small.(然而，中国企业的存在感仍然很小)”转而指出中国茶饮品牌在美国的现有规模有限。空处位于段尾，对前文数据进行合理推断。C选项“This means there is a lot of room for tea to grow.(这意味着茶饮还有很大的增长空间)”中的“This”指代前文的巨大市场差距，既承接了上文的数据分析，又为后文描述企业扩张行为提供了逻辑前提，符合语境。 32．上文“HeyTea has led the way, opening more than 40 American shops since 2023.(喜茶一马当先，自2023年以来已在美国开设了40多家门店)”以喜茶为例说明中国茶饮品牌的扩张速度。空后“Mixue, a giant bubble-tea and ice-cream seller, is the world’s largest food-and-beverage chain. But just five of its 60,000 outlets are in America.(蜜雪冰城这家巨型泡泡茶和冰淇淋销售商，是全球最大的餐饮连锁店。但在其全球6万家门店中，仅有5家位于美国)”通过蜜雪冰城的例子进一步强调了中国品牌在美门店数量稀少。空处位于段中，起到例证衔接作用。G选项“Just nine of Chagee’s 7,500-odd global outlets are in the States.(霸王茶姬在全球7500多家门店中，仅有9家位于美国)”继续列举霸王茶姬的具体数据，与前后文关于喜茶和蜜雪冰城的门店数据共同支撑了本段“presence is still small”的中心论点，符合语境。 33．空后“Partly because there are already many tea shops in China, so companies want to find new customers abroad. Some Americans think bubble tea is healthier than dessert, especially low-sugar options.(部分原因是中国国内的茶饮门店数量已经很多，所以品牌们想要在海外寻找新客户，还有一些美国人认为珍珠奶茶比甜点更健康，尤其是低糖款)”开始分析中国茶饮品牌出海的原因。空处位于段首，为后文的因果分析提出问题。A选项“Why so few?(为何如此之少？)”中的“few”指代前文提到的有限的门店数量，以设问的形式引出后文关于市场饱和及出海动因的解释，符合语境。 34．上文“There is some international tension right now.(目前存在一些国际紧张局势)”指出了当前的宏观背景。空处和前文为转折升华关系，在特殊背景下传递茶饮带来的文化联结意义。F选项“Isn’t it good that everyone can get together over a drink?(大家能聚在一起喝杯饮料不是很好吗？)”承接前文的背景，用反问句传递出茶饮作为文化纽带拉近不同人群距离的美好意义，契合前文华裔顾客的文化认同感表述，符合语境。 六、完形填空 Simone smiled when she received another A on her paper. But her joy quickly 35 when the teacher described the next task, “Write about a food that is part of your family’s culture and traditions.” Soon the whole class was 36 talking about the food they planned to 37 . But Simone sat 38 , feeling unsettled. She could not think of a single food that she considered 39 in her African American culture. Simone felt 40 all day. When she got home, she described the 41 to her father, Jerry, a 42 specializing in history, “There’s no food worth writing about: watermelon, black-eyed peas, even your sweet potato pie. It’s all just Southern food!” “My sweet potato pie is an extremely special family 43 ,” Jerry smiled kindly. “My dear, don’t you know that our 44 brought some of those foods to America? Besides, many of those dishes you call ‘just Southern food’ were actually 45 by African American cooks.” Jerry 46 a book from his shelf and handed it to her. “It tells a lot of the history of African foods and how our ancestors grew them; it even 47 some recipes.” As she looked through the pages, her feelings 48 . “I know what I’ll do!” she said. “I’ll write about different African American foods, instead of 49 on one food! One more thing, Daddy — can you teach me how to make your sweet potato pie?” 35．A．returned B．spread C．faded D．grew 36．A．worriedly B．excitedly C．nervously D．gracefully 37．A．show B．sell C．taste D．prepare 38．A．on purpose B．in silence C．with joy D．at peace 39．A．useful B．special C．strange D．common 40．A．alive B．tired C．high D．low 41．A．progress B．discovery C．result D．task 42．A．professor B．director C．clerk D．designer 43．A．business B．recipe C．ceremony D．harvest 44．A．leaders B．neighbors C．ancestors D．servants 45．A．ordered B．created C．divided D．forgotten 46．A．kept B．carried C．pulled D．stole 47．A．predicts B．publishes C．changes D．includes 48．A．lifted B．lasted C．hid D．broke 49．A．agreeing B．calling C．focusing D．feeding 【答案】35．C 36．B 37．A 38．B 39．B 40．D 41．D 42．A 43．B 44．C 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 【导语】本文讲述了Simone因作业找不到符合要求的家族文化食物，最终在父亲启发下找到方向的故事 【详解】35．考查动词。句意：但当老师描述下一项任务——“写一篇关于一种属于你家庭文化与传统食物的文章”时，她的喜悦之情很快褪去了。A. returned返回；B. spread扩散；C. faded渐弱；D. grew增长。根据上文“Simone smiled when she received another A”以及转折词“But”可知，开心情绪消失。 36．考查副词。句意：很快全班同学都兴奋地讨论他们打算展示的食物。A. worriedly担忧地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. nervously紧张地；D. gracefully优雅地。根据下文“But Simone sat ____, feeling unsettled”的对比可知，其他同学情绪高涨。 37．考查动词。句意：同上。A. show展示；B. sell售卖；C. taste品尝；D. prepare准备。根据上文“Write about a food that is part of your family’s culture and traditions”可知，此处是指计划展示一种食物。 38．考查介词短语。句意：但Simone沉默坐着，内心焦躁不安。A. on purpose故意；B. in silence沉默地；C. with joy开心；D. at peace平静。根据上文“Soon the whole class was ____ talking about the food”以及下文“feeling unsettled”可知，全班都在交谈，唯独她沉默。 39．考查形容词。句意：她想不出一种属于自己非裔文化的特色食物。A. useful有用的；B. special独特有意义的；C. strange奇怪的；D. common普通的。根据上文“Write about a food that is part of your family’s culture and traditions”可知，此处是指有文化意义的特色食物。 40．考查形容词。句意：Simone一整天情绪低落。A. alive有活力的；B. tired疲惫的；C. high情绪高涨；D. low情绪低落。根据上文“feeling unsettled”以及“She could not think of a single food”可知，她满心烦闷。 41．考查名词。句意：回家后她向父亲描述这项写作任务。A. progress进步；B. discovery发现；C. result结果；D. task任务。根据上文“when the teacher described the next task”可知，回家后她向父亲描述写作任务。 42．考查名词。句意：她父亲Jerry是专攻历史的教授。A. professor教授；B. director主管；C. clerk职员；D. designer设计师。根据下文“specializing in history”可知，此处是指历史教授。 43．考查名词。句意：杰瑞和蔼地笑着说：“我的红薯派是非常特别的家族特色食谱。”A. business生意；B. recipe食谱；C. ceremony仪式；D. harvest丰收。根据上文“sweet potato pie”可知，此处是指美食。 44．考查名词。句意：“亲爱的，你不知道吗？我们的祖先把这些食物带到美洲。此外，那些你称之为‘南方菜’的菜肴，实际上很多都是由非裔美国人厨师们烹制的。”A. leaders领袖；B. neighbors邻居；C. ancestors祖先；D. servants仆人。根据下文“how our ancestors grew them”可知，此空指ancestors“祖先”。 45．考查动词。句意：同上。A. ordered命令；B. created创造；C. divided分割；D. forgotten遗忘。根据上文“don’t you know that our ____ brought some of those foods to America?”可知，此处是父亲讲述食物由来，说明菜肴是非裔美国人研发产出。 46．考查动词。句意：Jerry从书架抽出一本书递给她。A. kept保存；B. carried携带；C. pulled抽出；D. stole偷窃。根据下文“a book from his shelf”可知，此处是指从书架取出书籍。 47．考查动词。句意：这本书记载非洲食物历史，以及我们的祖先如何种植这些食物，还收录不少食谱。A. predicts预测；B. publishes出版；C. changes改变；D. includes包含。根据上文“It tells a lot of the history of African foods”可知，书中除历史外还有食谱内容。 48．考查动词。句意：翻阅书本后，她低落的心情好转。A. lifted抬升；B. lasted持续；C. hid隐藏；D. broke打破。根据上文“feeling unsettled”、“She could not think of a single food”与下文“I know what I’ll do!”可知，Simone之前情绪低落，读完书豁然开朗。 49．考查动名词。句意：决定撰写介绍多种非裔特色美食的文章，而非只聚焦单一食物。A. agreeing同意；B. calling称呼；C. focusing聚焦；D. feeding喂养。根据上文“different African American foods”以及下文“on one food”可知，此处是固定搭配focus on，表示“专注”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $