必修1 Unit 3 第1课时 固基.语言知识(Word教参)-【新高考方案】2027年高考英语一轮总复习（人教版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考核心考点，涵盖基础词汇、语法应用、语篇理解及语境活用，按“基础自查—重点深化—题型训练”逻辑架构知识点。通过考点梳理（如易错微点提示）、方法指导（重点词汇用法拓展）、真题训练（2026年模拟题）等环节，帮助学生系统突破难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料突出“语境化”复习策略，如“语境辨义”训练多义词及短语用法，“重点词汇深化”通过改写句子、语段串练提升语言运用能力，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置分层练习（基础巩固、能力提升），配合即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

“教材单元语基背诵与默写”见学生用书《语基背诵与默写》分册P10。课前先过“识记关”哦! |主|题|语|境|建|构| 第1课时　固基·语言知识 一、基础词汇·自查自纠 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.As the music ended, thunderous applause filled the stadium (体育场). 2.Newspapers, magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing (拳击) matches. 3.For a good runner, taking part in a famous marathon (马拉松赛跑) is an honour of his running career. 4.I became interested in sports and joined the gymnastics (体操) team of our school. 5.She won two gold medals (奖牌) at the Winter Olympics. 6.There is a legend (传说) about the origin of the Chinese Spring Festival. 7.Remind John not to do an injury (损伤) to himself when he plays outdoors. 8.Most students take quite positive (积极的) attitudes towards their difficulties. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.Fitness (fit) isn’t just about being strong; it’s also about having endurance and flexibility. 2.As the hostess (host) of the talent show, she introduced each act with enthusiasm and charm. 3.The athletic (athlete) student always excels in sports, inspiring his peers to be more active. 4.Winning the championship was a glorious (glory) moment for the entire team. 5.The strength (strong) of their friendship was evident when they worked together on the science project. 6.The way she handled criticism was very graceful (grace), turning it into an opportunity for growth. 7.Losing the race was a failure (fail), but it motivated her to train even harder next time. 8.He trained hard for the swimming championship (champion) and achieved a personal best time. 　　易错微点 1.strength为名词,意为“力量;长处;优势”,为可数名词,常见搭配“strengths and weaknesses”意为“优点和缺点”。 2.graceful为形容词,意为“优美的;优雅的”。名词grace加后缀⁃ful,变为形容词。词缀⁃ful,表示“充满……的;有……性质(或倾向)的”。 3.failure 为名词,意为“失败”时,为不可数名词,但是意为“失败的人或失败的事”时,为可数名词,常表达为“a failure”。 Ⅲ.语境辨义(将对应词义的代码填在横线上) 1.track A.n.跑道　 B.n.铁路轨道(生义)　C.v.追踪 ①Scientists use advanced technology to track the migration route of whales across the vast ocean. 　C　  ②The athlete sprinted along the muddy track, which had been worn smooth by years of competitions. 　A　  ③The old train rumbled slowly along the rusty track. 　B　  2.work out A.锻炼(生义)　B.计算出;解决　C.制定出(生义) ①You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible. 　C　  ②It’s so difficult that we can’t work out the math problem. 　B　  ③The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning. 　A　  3.make it A.获得成功　　　　　　 B.准时到达 C.渡过难关(生义) D.能够出席(生义) ①He didn’t make it to another summer and died that winter. 　C　  ②I’m sorry I didn’t make it to your lecture last Sunday. 　D　  ③Sarah had always dreamed of being a writer, and she finally made it with her first novel getting published. 　A　  ④Despite being exhausted, we made it to the top of the mountain just as the sunrise began. 　B　  二、重点词汇·深化学习 1.honour n.荣誉;尊敬;荣幸v.尊敬;尊重 ①(写作话题:活动介绍)With the Dragon Boat Festival approaching, we are planning to hold a dragon boat race in honour of the famous poet, Qu Yuan.随着端午节的临近,我们计划举办一场龙舟赛,以纪念著名诗人屈原。  ②(改写句子·丰富表达)I feel it a great honour to deliver a speech to share my opinions with you on Peking Opera. →It is a great honour for me to deliver a speech to share my opinions with you on Peking Opera. (用it形式主语改写)  →I feel/am greatly honoured to deliver a speech to share my opinions with you on Peking Opera. (用honoured改写)  ③(“演讲稿”范句)It’s my honour to be here to give a speech on creating a low⁃carbon campus starting from ourselves.  很荣幸我能在这里发表演讲,演讲主题是从我们自身做起,创建一个低碳校园。 [内存卡] (1)It’s an honour for sb.to do sth.　　　　　 对某人来说做某事很荣幸 feel it an honour to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸 in honour of ... 向……表示敬意;为纪念…… (2)honoured adj. 受尊敬的;感到荣幸的 be honoured for ... 因……而受到尊敬 be/feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸 2.determination n.决心;决定 ①(语段串练)With determination, he determined to do (do) something that others thought was impossible. He determined on/upon a plan and followed it without giving up.The determined (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself.  ②(“求助信”范句)Determined to plan a club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing”,I am writing to ask you for some precious advice.  我决定要策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动,因此写信向你请教一些宝贵的建议。 [内存卡] (1)with determination　 坚决地 (2)determine vt.　 决定;确定;下定决心 determine on/upon 决定 determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作) (3)determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态) 3.compete vi.竞争;对抗 ①(语段串练)During the job interview, she was in competition with several other candidates, but her competitive (compete) nature and determination to succeed helped her compete for the position effectively.  ②Athletes often compete fiercely in ice hockey games that thrill spectators with their speed and teamwork.  在冰球比赛中,运动员们常激烈角逐,其速度与团队协作让观众为之振奋。 ③(细节描摹句)In the pumpkin field, I compete with/against my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin.  在南瓜地里,我和我的三个兄弟姐妹竞争,寻找最大的南瓜。 [内存卡] (1)compete in　　　 参加……比赛;在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against ...(for) (为争取……而)与……对抗/竞争 (2)competition n. 竞争;比赛 in competition with 与……竞争 (3)competitor n. 竞争者;对手;选手;参赛者 competitive adj. 竞争的;好胜的;有竞争力的 联想发散:表示“参加”的短语还有:take part in, join in, participate in等。 4.pretend vi.& vt.假装;装扮 ①The naughty boy pretended to be reading (read) when the headmaster came into the classroom.  ②When I am faced with the difficulty in learning, I won’t pretend to have known it, but turn to my classmates or teachers.  当我在学习中遇到困难时,我会向同学或老师求助,而不是不懂装懂。 ③(2024·浙江1月高考写作)She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist.  她决定记住自己上课的地方,然后假装其他地方都不存在。 ④(细节描摹句)Father, (who was) pretending to sleep, acted astonished when he saw the breakfast.  假装睡觉的父亲看到早餐时表现得很惊讶。 [内存卡] pretend 名师指津:pretend后接动词不定式作宾语时,该不定式有三种形式:一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)和完成式(to have done),分别表示动作将要发生、正在发生和已经发生。类似用法的动词(短语)还有happen, appear, seem, claim, be said to等。 5.stress n.压力;紧张;重音vt.强调;重读;使焦虑不安vi.焦虑不安 ①(语段串练)Under stress, he had to give a speech. His teacher placed a lot of stress on public speaking, making him feel stressed (stress) out. ②It is of great importance to stress the importance of a healthy diet, regular exercise, and a balanced lifestyle.强调健康饮食、定期锻炼以及平衡的生活方式的重要性是至关重要的。  ③(“演讲稿”范句) It is my privilege to talk about how to deal with stress in our everyday life.  我很荣幸谈论如何在我们的日常生活中应对压力。 [内存卡] (1)under stress　 在压力之下 lay/put/place stress on 强调;把重点放在……上 (2)stress the importance of 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力重的;紧张的 (4)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;心力交瘁的 stressed out 紧张的;有压力的;筋疲力尽的 6.lose heart丧失信心;泄气 　(用heart的相关短语填空) ①He learned the poem by heart and could recite it easily, moving everyone who listened.  ②She decided to put her heart into her painting, creating beautiful landscapes that were admired by all.  ③After losing several matches, the team began to lose heart, but their coach encouraged them to keep trying.  ④They decided to protect the environment heart and soul, knowing it was crucial for the future.  [内存卡] (1)put one’s heart into　　　　　　　　　 一心扑在……上 learn sth.by heart 背诵;记牢 strike ...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 (2)heart and soul 全心全意地 from the bottom of sb.’s heart 从某人的心底 7.give up放弃;投降 　(用适当的介、副词填空) ①Even though he faced many challenges, he never gave up his dream to become a scientist. ②The flowers in the garden gave off a sweet fragrance that filled the entire backyard. ③She gave away all her old toys to children who needed them, feeling good about helping others. ④The teacher gave out the test papers, and a wave of nervousness swept through the classroom. [内存卡] give in　 　 屈服;投降;让步;上交 give out 分配;分发;用光;筋疲力尽;发出(声音等) give off 放出;发出(光、热、气味等) give away 泄露;赠送 give way to 给……让路 give back 归还;恢复 give over 交付;停止 8.cut ...out停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 　(用适当的介、副词填空) ①He decided to cut across the park to reach the library faster, enjoying the shorter path. ②She carefully cut out the article from the newspaper, making sure not to tear the edges so that she could add it to her notebook. ③She felt frustrated when someone kept cutting in while she was talking. [内存卡] cut across 穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路) cut in 插嘴 cut off 中断;切断;使隔绝 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍倒;削减;删节;缩小 cut back 减少 cut away 切除 三、随堂训练·语境活用(根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式) Lang Ping and Michael Jordan are ①masters (master) in their fields and have set good examples for us.Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country by ②leading (lead) her volleyball team to ③medals (medal) at world championships and the Olympics.Once, Lang Ping’s ④determination (determine) was tested because the team was falling ⑤apart.Not only did the captain leave the team for heart problems, but also one of the best players ⑥had been injured (injure).But Lang Ping didn’t lose heart.At last, Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold.Michael Jordan, known ⑦as “Air Jordan”, changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps.Jordan’s skills were ⑧impressive (impress), but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his ⑨failures (failure).Losing games taught him to practise harder and never give ⑩up.  [课时作业评价]　   Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2026·吉林模拟预测)Maybe you’ve set a New Year’s resolution to get fitter and healthier this year. If so, you’re in good company: statistics show that improving fitness is the number one resolution. Unfortunately, the majority of people find sticking to that resolution difficult. A year on, only about 9% report they’ve stayed with a new exercise plan for the entire 12 months. Making exercise a consistent, regular habit is hard, especially when you’re balancing a career, family duties, and other demands on your time. A good starting point — or simply a good way to add on to an existing exercise habit — is to integrate movement “snacks” into your routine. These short bursts of activity spread throughout your day can make a difference in how you feel, as well as your overall health. Research backs this up. A team at McMasters University tested the theory. The study looked into whether simple 20⁃second bursts of stair climbing, three times each day, performed three days a week, could improve cardiorespiratory (心肺的) fitness. After six weeks, it had, by about 5%. “The changes are modest, but not insignificant,” says coauthor Martin Gibala. While repeated exercise snacks shouldn’t replace a more regular workout routine that includes both cardiovascular (心血管的) and strength training, it can improve your health. It can also serve as an easy entry point to getting fitter in the new year. One effective way to add movement snacks is bystacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare. Easy entry points include activities like push⁃ups, jogging in place, or a quick walk. Engaging large muscle groups to raise your heart rate is key. All that said, your goal should still be longer, intentional exercise sessions. But as an add⁃on or if time for an exercise snack is all you’ve got — you can improve your health. Consider snacks a supplement. It’s a little bite throughout your day that feeds your body. 语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过短暂的“运动零食”改善健康。 1.Why does the author mention a New Year’s resolution? A.To highlight the ease of maintaining it. B.To stress the importance of setting goals. C.To illustrate the challenge of completing it. D.To emphasize the tradition of making promises. 解析:选C　推理判断题。根据第一段“Maybe you’ve set ... for the entire 12 months.”可知,虽然许多人设定了健身目标,但很难持续执行,只有少数人能够坚持下去。通过引用统计数据,说明了坚持健身决心的困难,故推断提到新年健身决心是为了展示这一目标的挑战性。故选C。 2.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The benefits of a balanced diet. B.The importance of strength training. C.The effectiveness of exercise snacks. D.The impact of long workout sessions. 解析:选C　段落大意题。 第三段讲述了麦克马斯特大学的一个团队测试了每天三次、每次20秒爬楼梯(一周进行三天)是否能改善心肺健康,六周后心肺健康提高了约5%, 并且根据研究人员所说“The changes are modest, but not insignificant”可知,本段主要说明了运动“零食”(短时间的运动)的有效性。故选C。 3.What does the underlined word “stacking” in paragraph 4 mean? A.Removing.　　　　　 B.Changing. C.Deleting. D.Building. 解析:选D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“One effective way to add movement snacks is by stacking them onto existing habits, like fitting in some movement while waiting for the coffee to prepare.”可知,应把运动“零食”融入现有的习惯,“build ...onto ...”有“在……之上建立;把……添加到……”的意思。故选D。 4.What can be the best title for the text? A.Short Routines for Better Performance B.Boost Your Health with Micro⁃Workouts C.Maximize Results with Intense Workouts D.New Year’s Resolution for Better Health 解析:选B　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了将短时间的运动(运动“零食”)融入日常生活对健康有益,虽然不能替代常规的锻炼,但可以作为改善健康的一个切入点。B选项“通过微锻炼提升你的健康”准确反映了文章的主题,适合作标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2026·浙江宁波一模)My sister Lily decided to take up cycling to get fit after years of a sedentary office job. I wholeheartedly 　5　 her decision, knowing how important it was for her well⁃being. To show my support, I bought her a nice pair of cycling gloves and signed up for a local 20⁃mile cycling event with her.  As we gathered at the starting point on that sunny but breezy morning, we　6　 our bikes nervously, checking the gears and brakes one last time. “Are you sure you won’t get annoyed if I 　7　 a bit slower?” she asked, her eyes filled with a mix of excitement and worry. She had only started 　8　 on weekends a month ago. “Of course not,” I reassured her with a smile.  When the starting horn　9　, Lily pedaled off steadily. At first, I stayed right beside her, chatting and enjoying the scenery. But as the road opened up and the wind seemed to push me forward, my competitive side took over. I gradually 　10　 my speed, thinking she would catch up. After a few miles, I looked back, and Lily was no longer in my line of sight. I kept going, pushing myself harder, and crossed the finish line in a 　11　 time of just under an hour. I felt a rush of pride, despite not having trained intensively.  Lily arrived at the finish line almost twenty minutes later, her face red and tired. She was clearly　12　, feeling that she had let me down. I couldn’t believe she thought that way. I gave her a big hug and told her how proud I was of her for even finishing the race.  Determined to improve, Lily made a plan. She decided to cycle to work three times a week and　13　 to participate in more cycling events. I watched her 　14　 early in the morning, even when it was foggy or drizzling. I saw her face strong headwinds and deal with flat tires on the 　15　 country roads. There were times when she was 　16　 by steep hills and wanted to give up, but she never did.  Finally, the day of the big regional cycling race came. This time, I made up my mind to stay with her. We pedaled side by side, encouraging each other. When we were about to reach the finish line, Lily found some extra strength and 　17　 ahead. She crossed the line just a few seconds before me, her eyes shining with joy and 　18　. She had not only overcome her own self⁃doubt but also achieved a goal she once thought was impossible. Her 　19　 legs from hours of cycling didn’t seem to bother her at all; all that mattered was the sense of accomplishment she felt.  语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者支持姐姐莉莉通过骑自行车改善健康并参加比赛的故事。莉莉坚持不懈训练,最终在区域大赛中超越自我,实现了当初认为不可能的目标。 5.A.questioned B.understood C.backed D.ignored 解析:选C　根据后文“knowing how important it was for her well⁃being”可知,作者知道骑自行车对姐姐的健康很重要,所以作者是支持姐姐这个决定的。故选C。 6.A.examined B.cleaned C.rode D.parked 解析:选A　根据后文“checking the gears and brakes one last time”可知,此处指最后一次检查齿轮和刹车。故选A。 7.A.run B.cycle C.drive D.walk 解析:选B　根据前文“I bought her a nice pair of cycling gloves and signed up for a local 20⁃mile cycling event with her”可知,此处指和姐姐一起参加自行车比赛,所以此处指骑得慢一点。故选B。 8.A.practicing B.competing C.traveling D.resting 解析:选A　根据前文“My sister Lily decided to take up cycling to get fit”及后文“on weekends a month ago”可知,此处指姐姐为了身体健康,一个月前才开始在周末练习骑自行车。故选A。 9.A.blew B.rang C.disappeared D.broke 解析:选B　根据后文“Lily pedaled off steadily”可知,此处指起跑的号角响了,莉莉开始骑自行车。故选B。 10.A.maintained B.reduced C.increased D.measured 解析:选C　根据后文“thinking she would catch up”及“After a few miles, I looked back, and Lily was no longer in my line of sight”可知,此处指作者加快了速度,以为姐姐会追上来。故选C。 11.A.disappointing B.average C.ordinary D.remarkable 解析:选D　根据后文“just under an hour”及“I felt a rush of pride, despite not having trained intensively”可知,此处指尽管作者的训练强度不大,但她却以不到一个小时的惊人时间完成了比赛。故选D。 12.A.happy B.embarrassed C.angry D.relaxed 解析:选B　根据后文“feeling that she had let me down”可知,此处指莉莉觉得自己让作者失望了,所以感到很尴尬。故选B。 13.A.aimed B.agreed C.pretended D.happened 解析:选A　根据前文“Determined to improve, Lily made a plan”可知,莉莉为了提高自己制定了计划,此处指她打算参加更多的自行车比赛。故选A。 14.A.set out B.turn back C.give up D.slow down 解析:选A　根据后文“early in the morning, even when it was foggy or drizzling”可知,此处指莉莉很早就出发去骑自行车上班,即使是在天气不好的时候。故选A。 15.A.crowded B.smooth C.lonely D.busy 解析:选C　根据前文“face strong headwinds and deal with flat tires”及后文“country roads”可知,此处指在偏僻的乡村道路上骑自行车会遇到很多困难。故选C。 16.A.frightened B.challenged C.attracted D.guided 解析:选B　根据后文“by steep hills and wanted to give up, but she never did”可知,此处指有时陡峭的山坡会给莉莉带来挑战,但她从未放弃。故选B。 17.A.looked B.fell C.rushed D.stayed 解析:选C　根据后文“ahead”及“She crossed the line just a few seconds before me”可知,此处指快要到达终点时,莉莉找到了一些额外的力量,向前冲去。故选C。 18.A.pride B.surprise C.relief D.fear 解析:选A　根据前文“her eyes shining with joy”及后文“She had not only overcome her own self⁃doubt but also achieved a goal she once thought was impossible.”可知,莉莉不仅克服了自我怀疑,还实现了自己曾经认为不可能实现的目标,所以她眼里闪烁着喜悦和自豪的光芒。故选A。 19.A.long B.thin C.strong D.sore 解析:选D　根据后文“from hours of cycling”可知,此处指莉莉骑了几个小时的自行车,腿很疼。故选D。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　On March 30, 2025, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, 　20　 five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage, leading Belgian people closer to Taiji.After that, the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, 　21　 (star) some famous action stars, was shown on the spot.  Initially, Taiji was believed to be a part of Taoist martial arts 　22　 (better) through generations of masters.For its timeless and unique charm, now Taiji, standing 　23　 a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas.In 2020, Taijiquan, based on Taiji philosophy and integrating traditional Chinese health⁃keeping and combat wisdom, 　24　 (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.  Yu Jiajian, president of the European Taiji Culture Center, performed Yang⁃style Taiji Saber (刀) on⁃site.He 　25　 (enthusiastic) explained that this set of saber techniques was gentle yet powerful internally.Though the movement was soft and stable, it was full of inner power.Fei Shengchao, who attended 　26　 event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and 　27　 (practice) from multiple fields.Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to 　28　 (globe) ecological civilization construction.He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts 　29　 (display) and communicate, enhancing local people’s understanding of Taiji culture.  语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在布鲁塞尔举办的“全民太极”活动及太极的相关情况。 20.where　考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Brussels,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故填where。 21.starring　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语was shown,空处需填非谓语动词。the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng和star“由……主演”为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式,作后置定语。故填starring。 22.bettered　考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语was believed,空处需填非谓语动词。Taiji和better“改善”为动宾关系,需填过去分词形式,作后置定语。故填bettered。 23.as　考查介词。此处意为“作为”,用介词as。故填as。 24.was listed　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In 2020可知,本句描述过去的事情,时态使用一般过去时;主语Taijiquan和list“把……列入”为被动关系,需用一般过去时的被动语态;主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was listed。 25.enthusiastically　考查副词。修饰动词explained需用副词enthusiastically“热情地”,作状语。故填enthusiastically。 26.the　考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的“Taiji for All” 活动,需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 27.practices　考查名词复数。空处和knowledge并列作integrated的宾语,指多个领域的实践,需填名词复数。故填practices。 28.global　考查形容词。修饰名词construction,需用形容词global“全球的”,作定语。故填global。 29.to display　考查非谓语动词。hoped后的宾语从句已有谓语would provide,空处需填非谓语动词。空处作目的状语,需填动词不定式。故填to display。 120 / 146 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $