Unit1Word power重点短语与知识点巩固练习 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语新授课作业，聚焦Unit 1 Friendship词汇与语法，通过基础认知、技能应用、综合拓展三层设计，实现从短语记忆到语篇输出的知识巩固，培养语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知|短语英汉互译、单词拼写|直接对应课本短语与核心词汇，如“look on the bright side of things”互译，强化记忆| |技能应用|词形转换、单项选择|聚焦-ful/-less后缀辨析（如careful/careless）、易混词（tasteful/tasty），提升语法应用能力| |综合拓展|句子翻译|整合短语与语法，如“担心排球比赛而度过不眠之夜”，实现语篇层面综合输出|

Unit 1 Friendship — Word power 重点短语 · 知识点归纳 · 巩固练习 第一部分 重点短语（Key phrases） 英文短语 中文释义 课本语境 / 例句 look on the bright side of things 看到事情光明的一面；往好处想 He always looks on the bright side of things. (p14) be worried about 担心…… I was worried about a volleyball match. (p14) a sleepless night 一个不眠之夜 Once I had a sleepless night. (p14) feel helpless 感到无助 I felt helpless. (p14) give sb. some useful advice 给某人一些有用的建议 Max came and gave me some useful advice. (p14) be kind enough to do sth. 足够好心做某事 Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips. (p14) play badminton 打羽毛球 We played badminton for about an hour. (p14) walk around the park 在公园散步 We walked around the park. (p14) fly kites 放风筝 We saw people flying kites. (p14) get caught in a tree 被树挂住 A boy's balloon got caught in a tree. (p14) 第二部分 知识点讲解（Language notes） 1. 后缀 -ful / -less 的基本含义 英语中，我们可以在一些名词后加后缀 -ful 或 -less，把它们变成形容词。 noun + -ful → adjective (full of … 充满……的) noun + -less → adjective (without … 没有……的) 注意：不是所有名词都能同时加 -ful 和 -less。例如 sleep 通常只加 -less 构成 sleepless，end 只加 -less 构成 endless。不确定时要查词典。 2. 本课核心 -ful / -less 形容词对 名词 (Noun) 形容词 (-ful) 形容词 (-less) care careful careless hope hopeful hopeless use useful useless help helpful helpless cheer cheerful cheerless meaning meaningful meaningless taste tasteful tasteless sleep × sleepless 3. 易混词辨析 tasteful = attractive and of good taste 有品位的，雅致的 tasty = having a strong and pleasant taste 美味的 tasteless = rude or impolite; without taste 不得体的；无味的 thoughtful = always thinking of things you can do to make people happy 体贴的，考虑周到的 hopeless = very bad at something; without hope 无望的；糟糕的（be hopeless at …） 4. 语言点：look on the bright side of things 意为"看到事情光明的一面""往好处想"，表示积极乐观的态度。 Even when she failed the exam, she looked on the bright side of things. 5. 语言点：be kind enough to do sth. 意为"足够好心做某事""足够友善地做某事"，其中 kind 是形容词，enough 修饰形容词时放在其后。 Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips. 第三部分 巩固练习（Consolidation exercises） 一、短语英汉互译 A. 英译中： 1. look on the bright side of things 2. a sleepless night 3. feel helpless B. 中译英： 4. 给某人一些有用的建议 5. 打羽毛球 6. 被树挂住 二、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词 1. The __________ (help) boy carried my bag for me. 2. After the accident, she felt __________ (help). 3. We should make __________ (use) of every minute in class. 4. This old watch is __________ (use). It doesn't work at all. 5. My mother is always __________ (care) with money. 6. It was __________ (care) of you to leave the door open. 7. The __________ (cheer) children were singing in the park. 8. The bad news made everyone __________ (cheer). 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Simon is kind enough ________ (give) me some useful tips. 2. We spent a ________ (wonder) day in Sunshine Park. 3. It was a ________ (cloud) blue sky. 4. She is ________ (thought). She always thinks of others first. 5. I'm ________ (hope) at most sports. 6. There were many ________ (colour) kites in the sky. 7. A boy's balloon got ________ (catch) in a tree. 8. True friends can turn cheerless days into ________ (bright) ones. 四、单项选择 1. The suffix -ful means "________". A. without B. full of C. more D. less 2. We can add -less to "hope" to mean "________". A. full of hope B. without hope C. more hope D. hopeful 3. —Tom, could you give me some ________ advice? —Sure. A. use B. used C. useful D. useless 4. The ________ news made us all excited. A. cheer B. cheerful C. cheerless D. cheerfully 5. I felt ________ when I lost my way in the strange city. A. helpless B. hopeful C. helpful D. useless 6. You should be ________ with your homework. A. care B. careful C. careless D. carefully 7. It is ________ to cry over spilled milk. A. use B. useful C. useless D. uselessness 8. His ________ joke hurt her feelings. A. tasteful B. tasteless C. tasty D. thoughtless 9. They ________ kites in the park yesterday afternoon. A. flew B. fly C. flying D. flown 10. A true friend can turn dark days into ________ ones. A. bright B. brighter C. brightest D. the brightest 五、句子翻译 将下列整句翻译成英文。 1. 他总是看到事物光明的一面。 2. 我因为担心排球比赛而度过了一个不眠之夜。 3. 西蒙足够好心地给了我许多有用的建议。 4. 公园里有许多人在放风筝。 5. 一个真正的朋友能把阴郁的日子变成更明亮的日子。 6. 这篇文章毫无意义，我在中间睡着了。 第四部分 参考答案（Answer key） 一、短语英汉互译 1. 看到事情光明的一面；往好处想 2. 一个不眠之夜 3. 感到无助 4. give sb. some useful advice 5. play badminton 6. get caught in a tree 二、根据句意及首字母 / 汉语提示写单词 1. helpful 2. helpless 3. use 4. useless 5. careful 6. careless 7. cheerful 8. cheerless 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. to give 2. wonderful 3. cloudless 4. thoughtful 5. hopeless 6. colourful 7. caught 8. brighter 四、单项选择 1–5 BBCBA 6–10 BCBAB 五、句子翻译（考查整体理解） 1. He always looks on the bright side of things. 2. I had a sleepless night because I was worried about a volleyball match. 3. Simon is kind enough to give me many useful tips. 4. There were many people flying kites in the park. 5. A true friend can turn cheerless days into brighter ones. 6. This article is meaningless, and I fell asleep in the middle. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $