Unit 7 The natural world word power课后练习-2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 本练习以“自然世界”为主题，通过基础词汇到语篇表达的三级分层设计，构建“词汇巩固—句型应用—综合输出”的知识巩固路径，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇（如wildlife, damage）、基础句型转换|翻译题直接考查单词默写，完成句子聚焦语法结构（如连词but、同义句转换），夯实语言能力基础| |进阶层|语篇词汇运用、上下文理解|完形填空（海豚救援情境）与选词填空（环境污染主题），通过语境化任务提升词汇辨析与语篇逻辑思维| |综合应用层|跨文化理解、书面表达|阅读理解（《绿野仙踪》选段）培养信息提取能力，书面表达“难忘自然经历”整合语言知识与个人体验，发展思维品质与学习能力|

Unit 7 The natural world word power课后练习 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、翻译 根据所给的汉语提示，默写单词 1．野生生物 n.________ 2．话题 n.________ 3．充满噪音的；吵闹的 adj. ________ 4．系统；体系 n. ________ 5．使发生，造成，导致 vt.________ 6．损害，毁坏 vt. ________ 7．相当多；不少 ________ 二、完成句子 8．海洋正在变暖，这对珊瑚礁来说可能不再是适宜的生存环境。 The ocean ________ ________ ________, and it may not be a ________ environment for coral reefs. 9．由于人类的各种活动，海水正变得越来越浑浊，这导致珊瑚逐渐死亡。 The ocean water is becoming dirtier ________ ________ different ________ ________, and this ________ corals to die slowly. 10．Tom can play basketball well. Tom can’t play any musical instrument. (选用恰当的连词将两个句子合并为一句。) _______________________________________________________ 11．Jenny showed me her new photos (改为同义句) Jenny showed her new photos ________ ________. 12．Although he was tired, he went on working.（改为同义句） He was very tired, ________ he went on working. 三、完形填空 On a cold sunny day, I sat in my car and watched dolphins swim in the sea. 13 , I saw some dolphins were beached (搁浅). It was very 14 for them to be out of water. I knew they needed help. 15 thinking too much, I jumped out of my car and ran to the beach. I first called the police but their 16 were far away. It was a life-or-death moment for the dolphins. I didn’t know 17 to help them, so I put a message on the Internet. I hoped someone could see it and come to 18 those lovely animals. Minutes later, three teenage boys from a nearby school came first. It was like light that drove the darkness away. Then more and more people 19 . We decided to save the smaller dolphins first and worked together to move them back to the 20 water successfully. To my surprise, 21 the smaller dolphins were saved, none of them left. They stayed in the water and made strange sounds to help the other dolphins. After we 22 the rescue (救援) work, all the dolphins raised their heads from water and swam around to show their 23 to us. Then, they swam back to the deep sea. It touched me a lot and made my heart 24 . The dolphins had a great sense of helping each other when there was 25 . I realized that our volunteer group was just like the dolphins. On such a cold day, 26 cared about getting wet or dirty. We tried our best to save the dolphins and made sure everyone was safe. People can always 27 our friends—animals. I will never forget this experience. 13．A．Suddenly B．Luckily C．Happily D．Excitedly 14．A．amazing B．important C．dangerous D．necessary 15．A．With B．Without C．By D．On 16．A．eyes B．hands C．ears D．knees 17．A．where B．which C．how D．when 18．A．save B．watch C．enjoy D．find 19．A．changed B．moved C．left D．arrived 20．A．dirtier B．quieter C．cleaner D．deeper 21．A．before B．whenever C． after     D．until 22．A．finished B．started C．closed D．tried 23．A．respect B．thanks C．joy D．worries 24．A．broken B．cold C．hurt D．warm 25．A．change B．success C．trouble D．interest 26．A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody 27．A．learn from B．live on C．agree with D．worry about 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每个单词或短语限用一次。 but  also  with  harm  water pollution In today’s world, environmental pollution has become a common challenge for all countries. 28 do you know what environmental pollution is? Environmental pollution is when humans release more 29 matter or energy to the environment than its self-purification ability (自净能力), including 30 , air pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution. 31 the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standards, environmental pollution is 32 increasing, especially in developing countries. do  solve  time  important  such as Environmental pollution will cause direct damage to the ecosystem, 33 desertification (沙漠化), forest destruction, the greenhouse effect, acid rain. Environmental pollution also 34 great harm to human health. People need air every day. An adult breathes about 20,000 35 a day. A large number of studies show that environmental pollution is an 36 cancer cause. Nowadays, the governments of many countries are trying 37 the environmental pollution. I think the environment will become better and better in the future. 五、阅读理解 She was awakened by a shock, so sudden and strong that if Dorothy had not been lying on the soft bed she might have been hurt. As it was, the shake made her catch her breath and wonder what had happened; and Toto put his cold little nose into her face and whined sadly. Dorothy sat up and noticed that the house was not moving; nor was it dark, for the bright sunshine came in at the window, filling the little room. Then she jumped from her bed and opened the door with Toto following her. The little girl gave a cry of amazement and looked about her, her eyes growing bigger and bigger at the wonderful sights she saw. The cyclone (龙卷风) had set the house down, very gently—for a cyclone—in the middle of a country of great beauty. There were lovely patches of green grass all about, with tall trees bearing rich and delicious fruits. Groups of beautiful flowers were on every hand, and birds with rare and bright feathers sang and fluttered in the trees and bushes. A little way off was a small brook (小溪). It rushed and shone along the green banks, murmuring in a voice that made the little girl very grateful—she had lived so long on the dry, gray prairies (草原) and was so lucky to see such beauty now. While she stood looking eagerly at the strange and beautiful sights, she noticed coming toward her a group of the strangest people she had ever seen. They were not as big as the grown-ups she had always been used to, but neither were they very small. In fact, they seemed about as tall as Dorothy, who was a well-grown child for her age, although they were, so far as looks go, many years older. “I am the Witch of the North.” —Adapted from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz 38．What was the weather like after the house was not moving? A．Dark. B．Bright. C．Cold. D．Windy. 39．What does the underlined word “grateful” probably mean? A．careful B．hopeful C．helpful D．thankful 40．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage? a. Toto put his cold little nose on her face.    b. She was surprised by the wonderful sights. c. Dorothy lived on the dry, gray prairies.    d. A group of the strangest people came towards her. e. The shock finally stopped. A．e-a-c-d-b B．c-d-e-b-a C．c-e-a-b-d D．c-e-b-a-d 41．Which of the following does the writer probably agree with? A．Dorothy and Toto found the beautiful new place together. B．All the strange people Dorothy saw were much taller than her. C．Dorothy got out of bed right after she was shocked by the cyclone. D．Dorothy was in a beautiful and strange wonderland after the cyclone. 六、书面表达 42．假设你们学校英文报正在举办以“Unforgettable natural experience”为主题的征文活动，请根据以下问题写一篇英语短文投稿。 1. What natural event did you experience? 2. What happened during the event? 3. How did you feel about it? 要求：1. 短文需包含所有问题要点，并适当发挥； 2. 词数100左右。 Unforgettable natural experience ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 《Unit 7 The natural world word power课后练习》参考答案 题号 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 答案 A C B B C A D D C A 题号 23 24 25 26 27 38 39 40 41 答案 B D C B A B D C D 1．wildlife 2．topic 3．noisy 4．system 5．cause 6．damage 7．quite a few 【解析】1．wildlife：野生生物，名词。故填wildlife。 2．topic：话题，名词。故填topic。 3．noisy：充满噪音的；吵闹的，形容词。故填noisy。 4．system：系统；体系，名词。故填system。 5．cause：使发生，造成，导致，动词。故填cause。 6．damage：损害，毁坏，动词。故填damage。 7．quite a few：相当于；不少，固定短语。故填quite a few。 8． is getting warmer friendly 【详解】根据句意可知，第一空到第三空表示“正在变暖”，“变得”用“get”，结合语境可知，句子时态是现在进行时，其结构为“be+动词的现在分词”，主语“The ocean”是第三人称单数，be动词用“is”，“get”的现在分词是“getting”，“更暖和的”用“warmer”；第四空表示“适宜的”，用形容词“friendly”作定语修饰名词“environment”。故填is；getting；warmer；friendly。 9． because of human activities causes 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一、二空缺少“由于”，空格后“different human activities”是名词短语，故应用because of连接；第三、四空缺少“人类的各种活动”，“人类活动”的英文是human activities，此处用复数形式表“各种活动”；第五空缺少“导致”，主语“this”是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，故动词用causes。故填because；of；human；activities；causes。 10．Tom can play basketball well but he can’t play any musical instrument./Tom can’t play any musical instrument but he can play basketball well. 【详解】句意：汤姆篮球打得很好。汤姆不会演奏任何乐器。这两个句子存在转折关系，所以可以用表示转折关系的连词“but”来连接。合并时，将两个句子直接用“but”相连，句子结构基本保持不变，只是将第二个句子的主语“Tom”替换为相应的代词“he”以避免重复。故填Tom can play basketball well but he can’t play any musical instrument./Tom can’t play any musical instrument but he can play basketball well. 11． to me 【详解】句意：Jenny给我们看她的新照片。show意为“展示”，是一个动词，后面可以跟双宾语，即show sb. sth.或show sth. to sb.。故填to；me。 12．but 【详解】句意：尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。分析句子可知，这里填连词。根据“He was very tired, ...he went on working.”可知，前后两个句子是转折关系，故填but。 13．A 14．C 15．B 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．D 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者与他人合力拯救搁浅海豚的经历，海豚的互助行为感动了作者，让人们意识到可以向动物学习。 【详解】13．句意：突然，我看到一些海豚搁浅了。 根据“I saw some dolphins were beached”可知，作者原本在看海豚游泳，看到海豚搁浅是突发的意外情况，Suddenly“突然”符合语境。 14．句意：离开水对它们来说非常危险。 根据“for them to be out of water”可知，海豚离不开水，搁浅在沙滩对它们来说是非常危险的，选dangerous“危险的”。 15．句意：没有想太多，我就跳下车跑向海滩。 without thinking too much是固定搭配，意为“不假思索、没有过多思考”，体现作者救助海豚的急切。 16．句意：我首先报警，但他们的援助离得很远。 根据“I first called the police but their...were far away.”可知，作者报警后，警察离事发地很远，人手赶不及，此处hands指代警务人手，其他选项语义不通。 17．句意：我不知道如何帮助它们。 根据“I didn’t know...to help them”可知，作者不知道该如何帮助海豚，how to help表“如何帮助”，表方式符合语境。 18．句意：我希望有人能看到它，来拯救那些可爱的动物。 结合前文海豚搁浅需要救助，作者发信息是希望有人来救援这些动物，选save“拯救，救助”。 19．句意：然后越来越多的人到了。 前文说三名少年最先赶来，此处表示更多人抵达海滩参与救援，arrived“到达”，符合语境。 20．句意：我们决定先救小海豚，合力把它们送回更深的海水里。 结合前文，搁浅的海豚困在岸边浅滩，需要把它们送回更深的海水中，选deeper“更深的”。 21．句意：令我惊讶的是，小海豚获救后，一只也没离开。 小海豚被救之后，并没有离开，反而留下来帮助其他海豚，选after“在……之后”。 22．句意：我们全部完成救援工作后，所有海豚探出水面四处游动，向我们表达谢意。 后文海豚集体游动表示感谢，说明人类的救援行动已经全部做完，finished“完成”，符合语境。 23．句意：我们全部完成救援工作后，所有海豚探出水面四处游动，向我们表达谢意。 人们救了海豚，海豚游来游去是向人们表达感谢，选thanks“感谢”。 24．句意：它深深地打动了我，让我的心变得温暖。 根据“It touched me a lot”及结合前文目睹海豚互助、众人齐心救援的暖心场面，作者非常感动，内心感到温暖，warm“温暖的”，符合语境。 25．句意：海豚在遇到危难时，有着很强的互助意识。 海豚遇到麻烦/困境时，也有互相帮助的意识，in trouble是固定搭配，表示“处于困境”，符合语境。 26．句意：在这么冷的一天，没有人在乎淋湿或弄脏。 根据“We tried our best to save the dolphins”可知，大家都全身心救海豚，没有人介意自己会淋湿、弄脏，选nobody“没有人”。 27．句意：人类永远可以向我们的动物朋友学习。 作者从海豚互相帮助的行为中得到感悟，人类永远可以向我们的动物朋友学习，选learn from“向……学习”。 28．But 29．harmful 30．water pollution 31．With 32．also 33．such as 34．does 35．times 36．important 37．to solve 【导语】本文主要介绍了环境污染的类型、危害和治理。 【详解】28．句意：但是你知道什么是环境污染吗？根据“In today’s world, environmental pollution has become a common challenge for all countries. …do you know what environmental pollution is?”及备选词可知，此处前后为转折关系，连词but“但是”符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故填But。 29．句意：环境污染是指人类对环境产生的有害物质或能量超过其自身净化能力，包括水污染、空气污染、噪声污染、放射性污染等。根据“Environmental pollution is when humans release more…matter or energy to the environment than its self-purification ability (自净能力),”及备选词可知，此处是指产生的有害物质，应用harm的形容词形式harmful“有害的”作定语修饰名词matter。故填harmful。 30．句意：环境污染是指人类对环境产生的有害物质或能量超过其自身净化能力，包括水污染、空气污染、噪声污染、放射性污染等。根据“including…, air pollution, noise pollution, radioactive pollution.”及备选词可知，此处例举了一些具体的污染类型，water pollution“水污染”符合语境。故填water pollution。 31．句意：随着科学技术的发展和生活水平的提高，环境污染也越来越严重，特别是在发展中国家。根据“…the development of science and technology and the improvement of living standards,”及备选词可知，此处是指随着科学技术发展，介词with“随着”符合语境，位于句首首字母大写。故填With。 32．句意：随着科学技术的发展和生活水平的提高，环境污染也越来越严重，特别是在发展中国家。根据“environmental pollution is…increasing, especially in developing countries.”及备选词可知，此处是指科技与生活水平提高的同时，环境污染也变严重，副词also“也”符合语境。故填also。 33．句意：环境污染会对生态系统造成直接破坏，如荒漠化、森林破坏、温室效应、酸雨等。根据“Environmental pollution will cause direct damage to the ecosystem, …desertification (沙漠化), forest destruction, the greenhouse effect, acid rain.”及备选词可知，后句直接例举了一些例子，短语such as“例如”符合语境。故填such as。 34．句意：环境污染对人类的健康也有很大的危害。根据“Environmental pollution also…great harm to human health.”及备选词可知，此处为固定搭配do harm to表示“对……有害”，主语“Environmental pollution”为三单形式，动词用三单形式does。故填does。 35．句意：一个成年人每天呼吸大约2万次。根据“An adult breathes about 20,000…a day.”及备选词可知，此处是指很多次，应用名词复数形式times“次数”。故填times。 36．句意：大量研究表明，环境污染是癌症的重要诱因。根据“A large number of studies show that environmental pollution is an…cancer cause.”及备选词可知，环境污染是癌症的重要诱因，形容词important“重要的”作定语修饰名词cancer。故填important。 37．句意：如今，许多国家的政府都在努力解决环境污染问题。根据“Nowadays, the governments of many countries are trying…the environmental pollution.”及备选词可知，此处是指政府努力解决环境污染问题，动词solve“解决”符合语境，固定搭配try to do“努力做某事”，应用动词不定式。故填to solve。 38．B 39．D 40．C 41．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了《绿野仙踪》中多萝西和托托遭遇龙卷风后，来到了神奇美妙的新世界的故事。 【详解】38．第1段提到“Dorothy sat up and noticed that the house was not moving; nor was it dark, for the bright sunshine came in at the window, filling the little room.”，明亮的阳光从窗户照进来，照亮了这间小屋子，天气是明亮的。 39．第3段提到“It rushed and shone along the green banks, murmuring in a voice that made the little girl very grateful—she had lived so long on the dry, gray prairies and was so lucky to see such beauty now.”，这使小女孩非常“感激”——她已经在干燥灰黄的草原上生活了这么久，现在能见到如此的美景真是太幸运了，grateful的意思是“感激的”。 40．按原文顺序——c：她原本住在干燥灰暗的草原（第三段末尾提及过去）。e：震动停止（第一段开头“she was awakened by a shock... and noticed the house was not moving”）。a：Toto把鼻子凑到她脸上（第一段“Toto put his cold little nose into her face”）。b：她被奇妙景象惊到（第二段“gave a cry of amazement and looked about her”）。d：一群奇怪的人向她走来（第四段“she noticed coming toward her a group of the strangest people”）。故顺序为 c-e-a-b-d。 41．文章第2段提到“The little girl gave a cry of amazement and looked about her, her eyes growing bigger and bigger at the wonderful sights she saw.”和第4段“While she stood looking eagerly at the strange and beautiful sights, she noticed coming toward her a group of the strangest people she had ever seen.”，龙卷风过后，多萝西来到了一个美丽而神奇的世界。 42．范文： Unforgettable natural experience Last year, I experienced a sudden thunderstorm with my family during a mountain trip. At first, the sky was clear, but dark clouds gathered quickly. Strong winds blew, and heavy rain poured down. We rushed to a nearby cave to take shelter. Inside the cave, we listened to the loud thunder and watched lightning light up the sky. When the storm stopped, we saw the mountains covered with fresh green leaves, and a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky. This experience made me realize the power of nature. It was scary at first, but the beautiful scenery after the storm surprised me. I’ll never forget this amazing trip. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：一次山间雷雨自然经历（天气变化、避雨过程、雨后景色、个人感悟） 确定人称：第一人称(I/we/my) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名、地点等个人信息，时态统一贴合过去经历 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：开篇点题，交代时间、事件，引出山间偶遇雷雨的经历 主体段：详细叙述雷雨来临、洞中避雨、雨后天晴见美景的完整过程 结尾段：阐述本次自然经历的感悟，总结全文、升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：雷雨来临的过程 天气变化：clear/dark clouds/strong winds/heavy rain/grey sky等 动作行为：experienced/gathered/blew/poured/rushed/take shelter/start pouring 等 场景环境：mountain trip/nearby cave/sky/climb the mountain等 要点二：暴雨中的所见所闻 自然景象：loud thunder/lightning/fresh green leaves/beautiful rainbow/flash of lightning等 感官动作：listened/watched/saw/appeared/catch sight of等 要点三：经历后的感悟收获 内心感受：scary/surprised/amazing/unforgettable/frightened等 哲理感悟：realize the power of nature/learn from experience/cherish natural beauty/respect nature等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $