Unit 3 Sports and Fitness单词讲义-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

本高中英语讲义聚焦人教版高一必修一Unit 3“Sports and Fitness”核心知识点，系统梳理Section A词汇（如event, host）、短语（come along, work out）及Welcome Unit常考变形（如prefer→preferred→preference），Section B短语拓展（如give up系列）、词义辨析（injure/hurt/wound），Section C语法（现在完成进行时+since、附加疑问句）及Section D句式（So+助动词+主语等），构建从基础词汇到语法应用的连贯学习支架。 资料特色在于通过词汇搭配（如host the Olympic Games）、短语拓展（come短语、give短语）及词义辨析（injure侧重事故受伤，hurt侧重肉体/感情伤害）培养语言能力，借助词汇变形表（如fluent→fluency）和句式巧学妙记提升学习能力，课中辅助教师聚焦重点，课后帮助学生系统回顾、查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

人教版高一英语必修一Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Section A 1. event n. 比赛项目；大事；活动 a major sporting event a historical event a series of social events 2. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快（用于命令）（为不及物动词短语） come along with “随同……” come about 发生 come across 偶然碰见 come to 共计 come up 走近；被提到 come out 出现；出版；开花 come up with 想出；提出 come over 来访；拜访 3. host vt. 主办；主持 n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人 host the Olympic Games a TV show host the host of the World Cup 名词后缀 -ess（表示“女性的；雌性的”） hostess n. 女主人 actor → actress poet → poetess waiter → waitress prince → princess 4. track n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt. & vi. 追踪；跟踪 follow one's tracks 循着某人的足迹 on the track of 追踪；追寻 be on track 步入正轨；按预期 back on track 重新步入正轨 keep track of …了解……的动态 lose track of …不了解……的动态；与……失去联系 be on the right / wrong track 思想正确/错误 track down 追踪到；追查到 5. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决；进展顺利 work out the maths problem work out regularly 经常锻炼 work out as planned 6. make it 获得成功；准时到达 例：You can make it as long as you try your best. make it 尤指在困难情况下到达、赶上 7. be up to you 由某人决定 It's up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人负责做某事 be up to sth. 能够做某事；正在做（尤指坏事） up to now 到目前为止 up to (数目上)多达；(时间上)一直到 What's up? 怎么了？ Welcome Unit 常考变形（易错、易混） 1. prefer 过去式：preferred；过去分词：preferred；名词：preference 2. volunteer 变形容词：voluntary（自愿的；志愿的） 3. confuse → 名词：confusion 4. fluent → 名词：fluency 5. recommend →名词：recommendation 6. quit 过去式：quit/quitted；过去分词：quit/quitted 7. responsible →名词：responsibility 8. solve→名词：solution 9. survive 名词1：survival（生存）；名词2：survivor 10. behave→名词：behavior Section B 1. master n. 高手；主人 vt. 精通；掌握 a master of English 英语高手 a master of one's own future 自己未来的主宰者 master the skill of the computer master the situation 掌控形势 2. set a (good) example 树立榜样 set sb. an example = set an example for sb. for example take sb. as an example 以……为例 3. honour n. 荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt. 尊敬；给予表扬 in honor of 为了纪念…… It's one's honor to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事 consider it an honor 认为它是一种荣誉 feel honored to do sth. 因为做某事而感到荣幸 be honored as 被尊为 4. glory n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美 glorious adj. 光荣的；荣耀的；极其愉快的 with glory for the moment of glory glory days a glorious time 愉快的时光 to the (greater) glory of 为了……(更大的)荣耀 5. determination n. 决心；决定 determine v. 决定；下定决心；确定 determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的 with determination 坚决地 determine to do sth. 决心做某事（强调动作） determine sb. to do sth. determine on/upon be determined to do sth. 决心做某事（表状态） 6. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃 apart adv. 分离；分开；成碎片 take apart 拆开 tell … apart 区分，辨别 tear apart 拆开；撕裂 keep … apart draw apart 拉开距离 7. injure vt. 使受伤；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的；有伤的 injury n. 伤害；损害 the injured 伤员 injure sb./oneself injure one's pride / feelings be/get badly/seriously injured do oneself an injury = hurt oneself 弄伤自己 词义辨析： injure：尤指在事故中受伤以及损害名誉、自尊等 hurt：多指肉体或感情伤害 wound：多指用刀、枪等武器伤害 harm：多指伤害某人的健康、权利、事业等 8. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 lose one's heart to 爱上 lose 搭配拓展：lose face / weight / control / touch；lose one's way / sight / temper 9. strength n. 力量；体力；优点；长处；道义力量 strong adj. 强壮的 strengthen v. 加强；巩固 have the strength to do sth. 有做某事的力量/意志力 build up one's strength 增强某人的体力 with all one's strength 用尽全身的力气 strengths and weaknesses 优缺点 词性变化规律： long→length → lengthen v. (使)变长 high→height → heighten v. 提高 wide→width → widen v.(使)变宽 deep→depth → deepen v. (使)变深 10. failure n. 失败；失败的人(或事物) fail v. 失败 end in failure consider oneself a failure Failure is the mother of success. 11. give up 放弃；投降（既是及物动词短语，也是不及物动词短语） give up smoking / one's job / easily / doing sth. give短语拓展： give in 投降；屈服；让步 give in to 屈服于……；向……让步 give away 泄露；捐赠；暴露 give back 归还；使恢复 give off 发出(气味、光、热、声音等) give out 分发；用尽 Section C Grammar 1. 现在完成进行时 + since +过去的时间/一般过去时态的状语或从句 2. 附加疑问句 Section D 1. compete vi. 竞争；对抗 compete for 为……而竞争 compete against/with 与……竞争 compete in 在……方面竞争 compete to do sth. 竞相做某事 competitor n.参赛者；竞争者 competition n.比赛；竞争 competitive adj.竞争的 a swimming competition a competitive society in competition with 与……竞争 2. make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚 make sense of 弄明白（后跟宾语） make no sense 毫无意义 make sense 主语通常是物，没有被动语态。 make sense of 的主语通常是人，可以用于被动语态。 sense n.感觉；感官；意识 in a sense 从某种意义上说 common sense 常识 a sense of belonging / duty / humour / direction / satisfaction There is no sense in (doing) sth. (做)某事毫无意义。 例：There is no sense in arguing with her. sense 熟词新义：vt. 感觉到；觉察到；意识到 3. pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装扮 pretend (not) to do sth. pretend to be doing sth. pretend to have done sth. pretend to be sb./sth. pretend that … 例：He pretended not to know us. When I came in, he pretended to be typing. Jim pretended to have solved the difficult problem already. He pretended that he was a cheat. 4. cheat vi. 作弊；舞弊 vt. 欺骗；蒙骗 n. 欺骗手段；骗子 feel cheated by … cheat sb. into doing sth. cheat sb. out of sth. 骗走某人某物 catch sb. cheating in the exam 5. audience n.观众；听众；读者 a large/small audience in front of a live audience hold/seat an audience of 容纳……观众 6. positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的 negative adj.消极的；被动的 a positive attitude towards life be positive about his new job take positive steps / action / measures to do sth. 7. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食 go on a diet 节食（表动作） be on a diet 节食（表状态） a healthy diet a balanced diet a low-fat diet 8. make a difference 有作用或影响 make no difference (to sb./sth.) 没有作用或影响；（对某人/某物）不重要 make some difference (to sb.) tell the difference tell the difference between A and B 9. rather adv.相当；有点儿 rather than 而不是（就近原则） 例：Tom rather than you is supposed to lose weight. would do…rather than do… = would rather do … than do = prefer doing …to doing = prefer to do A rather than do B 10. cut … out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut up 切碎 cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝 cut in 插入；插嘴 cut across/through 抄近路穿过 例：He cut out a piece of meat and cut it up to make dumplings. 11. now and then 有时；偶尔 同义短语：sometimes, at times, from time to time, once in a while, on occasion, occasionally (every) now and then , (every) now and again 12. compare … with/to … 与…比较 compare … to … 把……比作……（用于比喻） 例：He compared the young people to the morning sun. compare with/to “与…相比” can't compare with 不能……和…相比 compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见 例：I guess, compared with most of them, we were well off.（well off 富有的） 13. stress n.压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 stressful adj.有压力的 搭配： under stress suffer from stress deal with stress cause stress reduce stress stress-related illnesses put stress on 给…压力 stress the importance of hard work It must be stress that … 强调句型 feel stressed 焦虑不安 a stressful situation 艰难的处境 P76 句式巧学妙记 14. So +助动词/情态动词/连系动词be +另一个主语 例：So do I. 我也是。 15. even if/though 引导让步状语从句 16. “介词 +关系代词”引导定语从句 17. 部分否定：当含有全体意义的代词或副词 [如 all, each, every 及其派生词, both, always, often, entirely, wholly 等] 和否定词 not 连用时，构成部分否定，“并非都……，并非总是……” 全部否定：可以用 no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, neither, never 等表达绝对否定含义的词来表示。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $