Unit 4 Period 1 Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking（配套教参Word）-【步步高】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册学习笔记（人教版·新教材）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“自然灾害”主题的听说能力训练，通过新闻报道与对话听力（含音频材料）构建学习支架，从选择填空到精听填空逐步提升听力理解能力，同步融入清浊辅音发音技巧及规则动词过去式发音规则，衔接语法填空等语言知识应用。 该资料以真实自然灾害情境为载体，听力材料贴近生活提升语言能力，作业中主题语篇阅读与七选五培养分析解决问题的思维品质，精听训练和语法填空助力学生主动调适学习策略。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后帮助学生巩固知识查漏补缺。

Period 1　Listening and Speaking & Listening and Talking Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) (Ⅰ)Listen to the news reports on P48 and choose the best answer. 1．When did the earthquake hit Ecuador according to News Report 1? A．April 15. B．April 16. C．April 17. 答案　B 2．What’s the main topic of News Report 2? A．Joint efforts to save those trapped in floods. B．Hard-working rescue workers and volunteers. C．The government’s efforts to help flooded areas. 答案　A 3．What do the police advise people to do according to News Report 3? A．To face the tornado bravely. B．To rebuild four destroyed homes. C．To stay away from the tornado-hit area. 答案　C 4．How long did the rain last according to News Report 4? A．5 days. B．6 days. C．7 days. 答案　C 5．What do these news reports mainly talk about? A．Floods. B．Earthquakes. C．Natural disasters. 答案　C (Ⅱ)Listen to the conversation on P53 and choose the best answer. 1．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a classroom. B．In an animal shelter. C．In an earthquake-stricken area. 答案　A 2．What is Lucky? A．A cute boy. B．A rescue dog. C．A rescue worker. 答案　B 3．What is the conversation mainly about? A．Good deeds of a hero. B．The signs of an earthquake. C．Advice before，during and after an earthquake. 答案　C Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) (Ⅰ)Listen to the news reports on P48 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. News report 1 Good morning，it’s 1.17 April.A strong earthquake hit Ecuador yesterday.The 2.7.8-magnitude earthquake damaged many buildings，and early reports said that about 3.230 people were killed and more than 4.1,500 were injured.Volunteers and rescue workers are helping the survivors. News report 2 Good evening.Today is 27 March.More news about the floods in 5.central China.The government is helping more than 12,000 people 6.in Hunan and Jiangxi get away from the rising water.Homes and land 7.have been destroyed，but no one has been killed.Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night 8.to make sure that people are safe.They are also 9.bringing food and water to those whose homes were lost in the disaster. News report 3 Breaking news，Saturday 10.12 August.A tornado was just seen in southern Memphis.Eyewitnesses said that at 11.9：25 a．m.，the tornado destroyed four homes.A police officer tells us that 12.at least one person has died.More tornados are possible，and the police advise 13.avoiding the area. News report 4 And in Seoul，a landslide damaged 14.a library and a supermarket in a southern neighbourhood.The landslide was caused by 15.the heavy rain that has fallen in Seoul over the past week.According to the police，no one was injured in the landslide，but 16.several cars were damaged.Those are the top news for today，Wednesday 21 July. (Ⅱ)Listen to the conversation on P53 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Teacher：Thank you，Mrs Fors.That was a great presentation！Class，do you have any questions for Mrs Fors? Student 1：Mrs Fors，I think you’re a hero.And Lucky is very cute.I’d like to know what we can do to 1.prevent natural disasters. Ms Fors：Well，there’s no way to prevent earthquakes and storms.But if we prepare，we can keep them from becoming disasters that kill or injure people.To be ready，we should make 2.a safety list of what to do，where to go，and who to contact. Student 1：So what should we do if there’s an earthquake? Ms Fors：Remember to “drop，cover，and hold on”．Drop down onto your hands and knees，3.cover your head with your hands，and stay away from glass，windows，or anything that could fall.You could find cover under a desk or table.Hold on to the desk or table so it doesn’t move away from you. Teacher：What should we do if we’re outside when 4.an earthquake happens? Ms Fors：Go to an open space away from buildings，trees，or 5.power lines. Student 2：And what about after an earthquake? Ms Fors：Well，if you’re trapped，you can use a cell phone to call or text for help.You can also tap on a pipe or a wall，or whistle for help.That way Lucky and I can find you! Student 2：I have a question for Lucky.Do you like being 6.a rescue dog? Ms Fors：Lucky，what do you say? [Sound of dog barking twice] Teacher：I think he says he’s a lucky dog. [They laugh.] 一、清辅音和浊辅音的发音技巧 清辅音发音时声带不振动 /p//t//k//f//θ//s//ʃ//tʃ/ /tr//ts/ 浊辅音发音时声带振动 /b//d//ɡ//v//ð//z//ʒ//dʒ/ /dr//dz/ 清辅音浊化 同一个音节内，/s/后的清辅音要读其相对的浊辅音，如：stop中的/t/读作/d/；speak中的/p/读作/b/；sky中的/k/读作/ɡ/；street 中的/tr/读作/dr/。 二、规则动词过去式(-ed结尾)的发音规则 在清辅音后读作/t/ 如：asked，helped，watched 在浊辅音和元音后读作/d/ 如：begged，enjoyed，studied 在/t//d/后读作/Id/ 如：wanted，needed 作业1 [分值：37.5分] Ⅰ.主题语篇阅读(共4小题；每题2.5分，满分10分) (2025·福建三明高一上期中) For the past few years，I’ve taken my vacation in the spring.One April I planned to visit a friend in Nepal who had lived in the country for over 15 years. I flew into Kathmandu and spent a week visiting sites，and on Friday，April 24,2015，we went to Lukla，a mountain town to the northeast.My friend had worked there before.We visited a nearby village on Saturday.We were served a delicious pancake and endless cups of milk tea；villagers made small talk and caught up with each other.After a couple of hours，my friend and I made a polite exit(离去) for a coffee break across the dirt path to our lodging，a house he had lived in while working in Lukla years ago. As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest，I wondered why it felt like an underground was running under the village.As the sound started to shake，I looked out the window at the passers-by and thought it felt like a truck was driving by—impossible in this village.I looked at my friend and he shouted out：“It’s an earthquake！” Before I could ask questions，he began running out of the house.By the time I was running down the dirt path，I couldn’t run straight. Away from buildings，we lowered our bodies near a low wall，and unbelievably before our eyes，walls and buildings fell.In front of us the end wall of the house we slept in collapsed(倒塌)，the stones dislodging(移开) and falling to the ground.In a matter of seconds，every house in the village was damaged，with walls either seriously cracked，or partially or completely damaged. In the days and weeks that followed we checked in with friends and shared stories of where we were and what we were doing.The event was so wide-reaching that it was difficult to understand except through personal stories. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在尼泊尔时遭遇地震的经历。 1．What did the author do in Nepal? A．He visited his friend. B．He tried to look for a job. C．He built a house for villagers. D．He moved to a village to enjoy life. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“One April I planned to visit a friend in Nepal...”可知，作者去尼泊尔拜访了他的朋友。故选A。 2．Which of the following can best describe the villagers? A．Shy. B．Bored. C．Friendly. D．Humorous. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“We visited a nearby village on Saturday.We were served a delicious pancake and endless cups of milk tea；villagers made small talk and caught up with each other.”可推知，那个村子里的人们都很友好。故选C。 3．What happened when the author stayed in the kitchen? A．He was injured by a collapsed wall. B．An earthquake struck the village. C．A truck drove by the village. D．He missed the train. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest，I wondered why it felt like an underground was running under the village.As the sound started to shake，I looked out the window at the passers-by and thought it felt like a truck was driving by—impossible in this village.I looked at my friend and he shouted out：‘It’s an earthquake！’”可知，当作者待在厨房时，地震袭击了这个村庄。故选B。 4．What can we infer about the village in paragraph 4? A．It was left empty. B．It was quite peaceful. C．It was badly damaged. D．It was attractive to visitors. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段尤其是“In a matter of seconds，every house in the village was damaged，with walls either seriously cracked，or partially or completely damaged.”可推知，村庄在地震中严重受损。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分) An earthquake can be a very destructive(破坏性的) natural disaster. 1 Also，you might be left without the water supply or power.There are several things you can do before an earthquake happens to reduce damage and potential injuries. Practice “drop，cover and hold on.” Make sure you know what to do when an earthquake strikes.If you feel the ground start to shake，drop，take cover under a stable(稳定的) piece of furniture like a desk or table，and hold on to it.Stay there until the shaking stops.But what should you do if you are outside？ 2 Prepare a disaster supply kit.And tell the whole family of its location.Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for days at a time in the worst-case scenario(最坏的情况)． 3 If you have a large house or family，consider preparing extra kits and leaving them in different parts of the house. 4 What will you do if your family cannot get a hold of each other when an earthquake strikes? It is wise to decide on a meeting point in advance.Keep in mind that the place should be easy for everyone to remember under stress. Learn basic first-aid knowledge and skills.Some organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations. 5 All in all，make sure that at least one person in your family knows them. A．After an earthquake，your home can be a mess. B．Make a disaster preparedness plan with your family. C．Choose a post-earthquake gathering place for your family. D．You can also meet at home if that is a convenient location. E．If you cannot attend the class，buy basic first-aid books on hand. F．Thus，it is necessary to prepare everything for survival in the house. G．Go to an open space away from anything that could fall like buildings. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震前的准备工作，包括练习寻求庇护、准备应急包、选择震后集合地点和学习基本急救知识和技能。 1．答案　A 解析　上文“An earthquake can be a very destructive(破坏性的) natural disaster.”以及下文“Also，you might be left without the water supply or power.”说明地震会带来极大的破坏。A项符合语境，该项中的an earthquake是同词复现，“your home can be a mess”和下文中“you might be left without the water supply or power”相呼应，说明了地震后人们生活的状态。故选A。 2．答案　G 解析　上文“But what should you do if you are outside？”询问在户外时如何规避地震带来的风险。G项中的“an open space”和上文中的“you are outside”相呼应，说明如果地震发生时人在户外，应该去一个开阔的地方，远离任何像建筑物一样可能倒塌的东西。故选G。 3．答案　F 解析　上文“Earthquakes can trap people in their homes for days at a time in the worst-case scenario(最坏的情况)．”说明在最坏的情况下，人们可能会被困在家里数天。空处承接上文，说明应该怎么做。F项“因此，在房子里为生存做好一切准备是必要的”符合语境。故选F。 4．答案　C 解析　根据上下文段落结构可知，空处为本段主题句。根据本段下文内容可知，本段主要讲家庭成员之间在地震后的沟通计划。C项中的“Choose a post-earthquake gathering place”和下文中的“decide on a meeting point”相呼应。故选C。 5．答案　E 解析　上文“Learn basic first-aid knowledge and skills.Some organizations provide classes that will teach people the basic skills to deal with the most common injuries and situations.”说明要学习基本的急救知识和技能，有些组织会提供相关课程。E项顺接上文，提供了一个不能参加课程的备选方案，选项中的“attend the class”和上文中的“provide classes”相呼应，说明如果你不能上课，就买一些基础的急救书。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分) (2025·湖北高一上期中) The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) 1. (form) in 2001 and is now made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs.The team brings help and hope to those 2. lives are changed by natural disasters. After long and careful training，the team went on its first international rescue mission in 2003.That year the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran.It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China and the team won high praise 3._________________ their bravery and skill.Since then，the CISAR 4. (complete) many missions.The list of people to whom help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people 5. (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia and spent 3 months 6. (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan. Rescue workers are trained to find people，treat injuries，and hand out food，water，and other supplies.They have to be able to do work that is difficult under conditions which can be 7._____________________(danger)．Even they also bury 8. dead.Rescue workers must have big 9. (heart)，too.10. takes a lot of love and courage to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国国际救援队的一些情况。这个团队为那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人们带来了帮助和希望。 1．答案　was formed 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空为谓语动词，主语The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR)与动词form为被动关系，应用被动语态，且由in 2001 可知，这里时态应用一般过去时，主语为第三人称单数形式，be动词应用was。故填was formed。 2．答案　whose 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此空引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。故填whose。 3．答案　for 解析　考查介词。win praise for意为“因……赢得赞誉”，为固定搭配。故填for。 4．答案　has completed 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此空为谓语动词，主语the CISAR与complete为主动关系，再由Since then可知，这里时态应用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。故填has completed。 5．答案　injured 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此空为非谓语动词，3,000 people与injure为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填injured。 6．答案　giving 解析　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth意为“花时间做某事”，为固定搭配。故填giving。 7．答案　dangerous 解析　考查形容词。此空应填形容词作表语。故填dangerous。 8．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，the dead意为“死者”。故填the。 9．答案　hearts 解析　考查名词复数。heart “心”为可数名词，且由Rescue workers可知，这里应用名词复数作宾语。故填hearts。 10．答案　It 解析　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此空作形式主语，应用it，真正的主语为后面不定式短语to risk one’s own life to save someone else’s，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填It。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Listening and talking one, mrs. Force is a rescue worker, SHE and her dog, lucky a visiting a senior high school. Listen to the conversation and complete the table below. Thank you. mrs. Force, that was a great presentation class. Do you have any questions for mr. force? mrs. Force, I think your hero and lucky is very cute. I'd like to know what we can do to prevent natural disasters. Well, there's no way to prevent earthquakes and storms, but if we prepare, we can keep them from becoming disasters that kill or injure people. To be ready, we should make a safety list of what to do, where to go and who to contact. So what should we do if there's . an earthquake? Remember to drop, cover and hold on, drop down onto your hands and knees, cover your head with your hands, and stay away from glass windows or anything that could fall. You could find cover under a desk table. Hold onto the desk table. So IT doesn't move away from you. What should we do if we're outside when an earthquake happens? Go to an open space away from buildings, trees or power lines. And what about after earthquake? Well, if you're trapped, you can use a cell phone to call or text for help. You can also tap on a pipe or a wall or whistle for help that way. Lucky and I can find you. I have a question for lucky. Do you like being a rescue dog? Lucky, what do you say? I think he says he's a lucky dog. News report, too. Good evening. Today is twenty seventh march. More news about the floods in central china. The government is helping more than twelve thousand people in hanna and jan sea get away from the rising water. Homes in land have been destroyed, but no one has been killed. Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe. They are also bringing food and water to those whose homes were lost in the disaster. News report three breaking news, saturday, twelve August, a tornado was just seen in southern members. Eyewitnesses said that at nine twenty five AM, the tornado destroyed four homes. A police officer tells us that at least one person has died. More tornados are possible, and the police advise avoiding the area. News report for and in soul, a landslide damaged the library and a supermarket in a southern neighbourhood. The landslide was caused by the heavy rain that has fAllen in soul over the past week. According to the police, no one was injured in the landslide, but several cars were damaged. Those are the top news for today, wednesday, twenty first, july. Unit four, natural disasters live . to tell, raising awareness, reducing mortality united nations international strategy for disaster reduction . twenty sixteen listening and speaking to listen to the news reports and tick the disasters that you hear news report one. Good morning. It's seventeen vapour. LA strong earthquake hit equator yesterday. The seven point eight magnitude earthquake damaged many buildings, and early reports said that about two hundred and thirty people were killed and more than fifteen hundred were injured. Volunteers and rescue workers are helping the survivors. News report, too. Good evening. Today is twenty seventh march. More news about the floods in central china. The government is helping more than twelve thousand people in hunan and jan sea get away from the rising water. Homes in land have been destroyed, but no one has been killed. Rescue workers and soldiers are working day and night to make sure that people are safe. They are also bringing food and water to those whose homes were lost in the disaster. News report three breaking news, saturday, twelfth August, a tornado was just seen in southern members eye. Witnesses said that at nine twenty five AM, the tornado destroyed four homes. A police officer tells us that at least one person has died. More tornados are possible, and the police advise avoiding the area. News report for and in soul, a landslide . damaged the library and the supermarket in a southern neighbourhood. The landslide was caused by the heavy rain that has fAllen in soul over the past week. According to the police, no one was injured in the landslide, but several cars were damaged. Those are the top news for today, wednesday, twenty first, july. News report one. Good morning. It's seventeen vapour. LA strong earthquake hit equator yesterday. The seven point eight magnitude earthquake e damaged many buildings, and early reports said that about two hundred and thirty people were killed and more than fifteen hundred were injured. Volunteers and rescue workers are helping the survivors.