Unit 2 People and their jobs_由 who、which、that 引导的定语从句核心语法精讲精练2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“解题四步法”为核心，构建“概念识别-结构辨析-错误修正-语境应用”的完整训练体系，聚焦who/which/that引导的定语从句专项突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |解题四步法|4步骤|看语境→找核心→套结构→再检查|从解题流程构建思维路径| |分层练习|7类（选择/填空/改错等）|针对关系词选择、省略规则等核心考点|从基础识别到综合表达，梯度覆盖语言能力与思维品质|

2026—2027 学年 · 沪教版（五四学制） 九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 2 People and their jobs 核心语法：由 who、which、that 引导的定语从句（核心语法精练） 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 日期：____________ 学习目标 目标 完成标准 识别 能在语境中准确识别 relative clauses with who, which and that。 结构 能正确写出肯定、否定、疑问等核心结构。 辨析 能解释常见错误并完成句式转换。 运用 能围绕 People and their jobs 主题完成阅读与表达任务。 课前发现：先观察，再归纳 阅读三组句子，写出中文意思，并圈出体现本课语法结构的部分。 1. The nurse who helped me was very patient. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. This is the machine which checks the air. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. I admire people that work for the community. ________________________________________________________________________________ 发现提示 比较句中“主语、核心结构、后续成分”之间的关系，再尝试用一句话概括规律。 一、核心概念 定语从句放在名词或代词之后，对其进行限定或说明。被修饰的词叫先行词。who 常指人，which 常指物，that 既可指人也可指物；关系词在从句中作主语时不能省略。 二、结构与用法 功能/结构 形式或含义 例句 who 先行词指人 The engineer who designed the bridge is young. which 先行词指物 The tool which measures distance is useful. that 先行词指人或物 The job that interests me is teaching. 关系词作宾语 可省略 The book (that) I borrowed is about pilots. 三、易混点辨析 例句 辨析 The doctor who works here... who 作从句主语，不可省略。 The doctor (who) I met... who 作从句宾语，可以省略。 My father, who... 非限制性定语从句不用 that；本册重点为限制性定语从句。 四、常见错误：先判断，再改正 错误句 正确句 The nurse which helped me was kind. The nurse who/that helped me was kind. The tool who measures temperature is broken. The tool which/that measures temperature is broken. The man works here is a pilot. The man who/that works here is a pilot. The job that it interests me is design. The job that interests me is design. The teacher who I met her was friendly. The teacher who/that I met was friendly. 五、解题四步法 步骤 自问清单 ① 看语境 句子要表达什么时间、对象和逻辑关系？ ② 找核心 主语、谓语、先行词或疑问词分别是什么？ ③ 套结构 结构中需要原形、过去分词、形容词还是不定式？ ④ 再检查 主谓一致、时态、语序、拼写是否正确？ 六、分层练习 A. 基础理解：选择最恰当的答案 1. The firefighter _____ saved the child was brave. A. which B. who C. where D. when 2. This is the camera _____ the reporter uses. A. who B. whose C. which D. where 3. I like jobs _____ help other people. A. that B. when C. where D. what 4. The woman _____ is speaking is our head teacher. A. which B. what C. who D. where 5. The robot _____ cleans the floor is efficient. A. who B. which C. when D. whose 6. In which sentence may the relative word be omitted? A. The chef who works here... B. The meal that he cooked... C. The bus which stops here... D. The nurse who helps me... B. 形式训练：用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1. The teacher __________ encourages me is patient. 2. The uniform __________ firefighters wear is protective. 3. A vet is a person __________ treats animals. 4. The machine __________ checks tickets is new. 5. The woman __________ we interviewed is an architect. 6. The book __________ I am reading is about jobs. 7. People __________ work at night need enough rest. 8. The tools __________ are on the table belong to the mechanic. C. 改错：每句只有一处错误 1. The nurse which helped me was kind. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 2. The tool who measures temperature is broken. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 3. The man works here is a pilot. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 4. The job that it interests me is design. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 5. The teacher who I met her was friendly. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ D. 汉译英 1. 帮助我的警察很耐心。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这是消防员使用的设备。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我喜欢能解决实际问题的工作。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 正在讲话的那位女士是一名建筑师。 ________________________________________________________________________________ E. 语境填空 Our school invited three people (1) ______ have unusual jobs. The first guest was a photographer (2) ______ takes pictures of wild animals. The second showed us a small robot (3) ______ can enter dangerous places. The final guest was a doctor (4) ______ we had seen on television. The stories (5) ______ they shared helped us understand the skills (6) ______ different jobs require. F. 阅读综合 Reading Ms Gao is an engineer who designs devices for people with weak eyesight. One product that her team developed is a pair of smart glasses. The glasses contain a tiny camera which recognizes signs and obstacles. A voice then tells the user what is ahead. Ms Gao often meets people who test the product and shares their suggestions with her team. She believes that a useful invention is one that begins with a real human need. 1. What does Ms Gao design? ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What does the tiny camera do? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What does Ms Gao believe? ________________________________________________________________________________ G. 综合表达 Write 80–100 words about a job you admire. Use at least four relative clauses with who, which or that. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 课前发现 1. 帮助我的护士很有耐心。 2. 这就是检测空气的机器。 3. 我敬佩为社区工作的人。 A. 基础理解 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. B B. 形式训练 1. who/that 2. which/that 3. who/that 4. which/that 5. who/that/— 6. which/that/— 7. who/that 8. which/that C. 改错 1. The nurse who/that helped me was kind. 2. The tool which/that measures temperature is broken. 3. The man who/that works here is a pilot. 4. The job that interests me is design. 5. The teacher who/that I met was friendly. D. 汉译英 1. The police officer who/that helped me was patient. 2. This is the equipment which/that firefighters use. 3. I like jobs that can solve practical problems. 4. The woman who/that is speaking is an architect. E. 语境填空 1. who/that 2. who/that 3. which/that 4. who/that/— 5. which/that/— 6. which/that/— F. 阅读综合 1. Devices for people with weak eyesight. 2. It recognizes signs and obstacles. 3. A useful invention begins with a real human need. G. 综合表达评分建议（15分） 维度 分值 要求 内容与结构 6分 主题明确，信息完整，逻辑清楚。 目标语法 5分 按要求使用核心结构，形式准确。 衔接与词汇 2分 衔接自然，词汇符合单元主题。 规范性 2分 80–100词，拼写、标点和书写规范。 说明：开放性题目答案不唯一；语义准确、结构正确、符合题目要求即可。 学习评价 我能做到 还需练习 基本掌握 熟练运用 识别核心结构 □ □ □ 完成句式变化 □ □ □ 解释并改正常见错误 □ □ □ 在主题语境中表达 □ □ □ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $