Unit 5 Buildings_一般过去时的被动语态核心语法精讲精练2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 以“观察-归纳-应用”为主线，通过四步解题法系统构建一般过去时被动语态的识别、结构、辨析与运用能力，融合主题语境实现语法与语用统一。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |课前发现|3句观察|语境归纳核心结构规律|从实例感知到概念生成| |核心概念与结构|4类句式（肯定/否定/疑问/特殊疑问）|结构公式化（was/were+done）|概念定义到结构细分| |易混点辨析|3组对比（主动/被动/系表结构）|主动被动动作主体区分|原理推导明确语法边界| |常见错误|5句改错|错误归因（时态/主谓一致/结构）|问题诊断强化结构准确性| |解题四步法|1套步骤|看语境-找核心-套结构-再检查|方法论提炼提升解题效率| |分层练习|7层任务（选择/填空/改错/汉译英/语境填空/阅读/写作）|主题语境（Buildings）融合训练|应用拓展实现语言能力综合运用|

2026—2027 学年 · 沪教版（五四学制） 九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练 Unit 5 Buildings 核心语法：一般过去时的被动语态（核心语法精练） 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 日期：____________ 学习目标 目标 完成标准 识别 能在语境中准确识别 simple past passive。 结构 能正确写出肯定、否定、疑问等核心结构。 辨析 能解释常见错误并完成句式转换。 运用 能围绕 Buildings 主题完成阅读与表达任务。 课前发现：先观察，再归纳 阅读三组句子，写出中文意思，并圈出体现本课语法结构的部分。 1. The old bridge was built in 1928. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. The windows were repaired last month. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Was the tower designed by a local architect? ________________________________________________________________________________ 发现提示 比较句中“主语、核心结构、后续成分”之间的关系，再尝试用一句话概括规律。 一、核心概念 一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间发生的被动动作。结构为 was/were + 过去分词；单数主语用 was，复数主语用 were。 二、结构与用法 功能/结构 形式或含义 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + done The library was opened in 1998. 否定句 主语 + was/were not + done The walls were not damaged. 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + done? Were the rooms painted? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + done? When was the museum built? 三、易混点辨析 例句 辨析 Workers repaired the roof. 主动：workers 执行动作。 The roof was repaired. 被动：roof 承受动作。 The building was old. was + 形容词，不是被动语态。 四、常见错误：先判断，再改正 错误句 正确句 The bridge was build in 1901. The bridge was built in 1901. The windows was replaced last year. The windows were replaced last year. Did the tower built in 1880? Was the tower built in 1880? The hall was not use for meetings. The hall was not used for meetings. When did the museum opened? When was the museum opened? 五、解题四步法 步骤 自问清单 ① 看语境 句子要表达什么时间、对象和逻辑关系？ ② 找核心 主语、谓语、先行词或疑问词分别是什么？ ③ 套结构 结构中需要原形、过去分词、形容词还是不定式？ ④ 再检查 主谓一致、时态、语序、拼写是否正确？ 六、分层练习 A. 基础理解：选择最恰当的答案 1. The museum _____ in 1985. A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds 2. The two towers _____ during the war. A. damaged B. was damaged C. were damaged D. are damaged 3. _____ the hall designed by I. M. Pei? A. Did B. Was C. Were D. Is 4. The doors _____ last week. A. were not painted B. did not painted C. not painted D. are not painted 5. When _____ the stadium completed? A. did B. is C. was D. has 6. The workers _____ the old wall yesterday. A. were repaired B. repaired C. was repaired D. are repairing B. 形式训练：用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1. The castle __________ (build) five hundred years ago. 2. The rooms __________ (use) as classrooms in 1950. 3. The roof __________ not __________ (damage) in the storm. 4. __________ the plans __________ (draw) by a famous architect? 5. When __________ the theatre __________ (open)? 6. The stones __________ (carry) from a nearby hill. 7. A new entrance __________ (add) last year. 8. The old paintings __________ (find) inside the hall. C. 改错：每句只有一处错误 1. The bridge was build in 1901. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 2. The windows was replaced last year. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 3. Did the tower built in 1880? 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 4. The hall was not use for meetings. 改为：________________________________________________________________________ 5. When did the museum opened? 改为：________________________________________________________________________ D. 汉译英 1. 这座剧院建于上个世纪。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 这些墙去年被重新粉刷了。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这座桥是由谁设计的？ ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 旧车站没有被拆除。 ________________________________________________________________________________ E. 语境填空 The Riverside Library has a long history. It (1) ______ (build) in 1936 and first (2) ______ (use) as a town hall. During the 1980s, two new rooms (3) ______ (add). The main roof (4) ______ (repair) in 2012, but the original stone walls (5) ______ not ______ (change). Last year, old photographs (6) ______ (display) in the entrance hall. F. 阅读综合 Reading The East Gate of the city was built more than six hundred years ago. It was once used to control traffic into the old town. In 1937, part of the gate was damaged, but it was repaired after the war. During a recent project, the bricks were cleaned carefully and modern lights were installed. No lifts were added because the original structure had to be protected. Today, the gate is visited by thousands of people each year. 1. Why was the gate originally used? ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. What happened after the war? ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Why were no lifts added? ________________________________________________________________________________ G. 综合表达 Write 80–100 words about a historic building. Use at least four simple-past passive sentences. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 课前发现 1. 这座老桥建于1928年。 2. 这些窗户上个月被修复了。 3. 这座塔是由当地建筑师设计的吗？ A. 基础理解 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B B. 形式训练 1. was built 2. were used 3. was; damaged 4. Were; drawn 5. was; opened 6. were carried 7. was added 8. were found C. 改错 1. The bridge was built in 1901. 2. The windows were replaced last year. 3. Was the tower built in 1880? 4. The hall was not used for meetings. 5. When was the museum opened? D. 汉译英 1. The theatre was built in the last century. 2. These walls were repainted last year. 3. Who was the bridge designed by? 4. The old station was not pulled down. E. 语境填空 1. was built 2. was used 3. were added 4. was repaired 5. were; changed 6. were displayed F. 阅读综合 1. To control traffic into the old town. 2. The damaged part was repaired. 3. Because the original structure had to be protected. G. 综合表达评分建议（15分） 维度 分值 要求 内容与结构 6分 主题明确，信息完整，逻辑清楚。 目标语法 5分 按要求使用核心结构，形式准确。 衔接与词汇 2分 衔接自然，词汇符合单元主题。 规范性 2分 80–100词，拼写、标点和书写规范。 说明：开放性题目答案不唯一；语义准确、结构正确、符合题目要求即可。 学习评价 我能做到 还需练习 基本掌握 熟练运用 识别核心结构 □ □ □ 完成句式变化 □ □ □ 解释并改正常见错误 □ □ □ 在主题语境中表达 □ □ □ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $